International Journal of Advances in Engineering Sciences Vol.

1, Issue 1, Jan, 2011

Behavior of Building Component in Various Zones

Sanghani bharat k.

Paresh Girishbhai Patel.

,P.G. Student
Applied Mechanics Department
L. D. Engineering Collage
Ahmadabad , Gujarat

Professor
Applied Mechanics Department
L. D. Engineering Collage
Ahmadabad , Gujarat

Abstract-- This paper present of behavior of

building component like beam, column and footing in
various earthquake zone Comparison of change of
steel and concrete in various zone, comparison of
change in beam reinforcement at various level in
building, comparison of column reinforcement change
in various level of building is done, The analysis of
building is to be done using the analysis software
STAAD.

Data of the Example

The design data shall be as follows:
Live load
: 4.0 KN/m2 at typical floor
: 1.5 KN/m2 on terrace
Floor finish
: 1.0 KN/m2
Water proofing
: 2.0 KN/m2
Terrace finish
: 1.0 KN/m2
Earthquake load : As per IS-1893 (Part 1) - 2002
Depth of foundation below ground : 2.5 m
Type of soil
: Type II, Medium soil as per IS: 1893
Storey height
: Typical floor: 5 m, GF: 3.4 m
Floors
: G.F. + 5 upper floors.
Ground beams
: To be provided at 100 mm below
G.L.
Plinth level
: 0.6 m
Walls
: 230 mm thick brick masonry walls
Only at periphery.

Keywords: Building Analysis, Zone

Parametric study, STAAD, Seismic analysis,

Factor,

I. INTRODUCTION
Recently several sizeable earthquakes have caused
severe damage in civil structures all over India. To
protect civil structures from significant damage, the zone
factor of building is an important topic in structural
engineering In this paper a six storey & ten storey
building is modeled in STAAD. In this STAAD model
building component like beam, column and footing are
analyzed & designed in various zone. All the beams,
slabs and columns properties are kept same and geometry
of building is also kept the same. The structure is
analyzed and designed as per IS-456. In this model the
earthquake forces are automatically generated. Footing
design using Microsoft excel sheet, Results of few critical
members are shown. This paper a six storey building is
modeled in STAAD.
II. OBJECTIVE OF WORK
1. To find out change of steel in beam at different level
in different zone.
2. To find out change of steel in column at
Different level and different zone.
3. To find out change of steel and concrete in footing
in various zone.

III. GEOMETRIC DEFINATION

1. Problem Statement:
A six storey building for a commercial complex
as shown in Figure 1. Design the building for
seismic loads as per IS 1893 (Part 1): 2002.

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Figure 1 General lay-out of the Building.

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International Journal of Advances in Engineering Sciences Vol.1, Issue 1, Jan, 2011

V. COMPARISON OF BEAM AT DIFFERENT LEVEL

1. External Grid
In this case Design of some selected beam using
envelop of load combination, Show the various floor
level of beam design result and Percentage of steel
change as under.

2. Material Properties
Concrete:
All components unless specified in design: M25 grade all
Ec = 5000 fck N/mm2
= 5000 fck MN/m2
= 25000 N/mm2 = 25 000 MN/m2.
Steel:
HYSD reinforcement of grade Fe 415
confirming to IS: 1786 is used throughout.
IV. LOAD CALCULATION
1.

Analysis by Space Frames

Tab le1 Basic Load Cases Used for Analysis
No. Load case
Directions
1
DL
Downwards
2
LL(Imposed/Live load)
Downwards
3
EXTP (+Torsion)
+X; Clockwise torsion
due to EQ
4
EXTN (-Torsion)
+X; Anti-Clockwise
torsion due to EQ
5
EZTP (+Torsion)
+Z; Clockwise torsion
due to EQ
6
EZTN (-Torsion)
+Z; Anti-Clockwise
torsion due to EQ
2. Load Combinations
Table2 Load Combinations Used for Design
No. Load combination
1
1.5 (DL + IL)
2
1.2 (DL + IL + EXTP)
3
1.2 (DL + IL + EXTN)
4
1.2 (DL + IL EXTP)
5
1.2 (DL + IL EXTN)
6
1.2 (DL + IL + EZTP)
7
1.2 (DL + IL + EZTN)
8
1.2 (DL + IL EZTP)
9
1.2 (DL + IL EZTN)
10 1.5 (DL + EXTP)
11 1.5 (DL + EXTN)
12 1.5 (DL EXTP)
13 1.5 (DL EXTN)
14 1.5 (DL + EZTP)
15 1.5 (DL + EZTN)
16 1.5 (DL EZTP)
17 1.5 (DL EZTN)
18 0.9 DL + 1.5 EXTP
19 0.9 DL + 1.5 EXTN
20 0.9 DL - 1.5 EXTP
21 0.9 DL - 1.5 EXTN
22 0.9 DL + 1.5 EZTP
23 0.9 DL + 1.5 EZTN
24 0.9 DL -1.5 EZTP
25 0.9 DL - 1.5 EZTN
EXTP: EQ load in X direction with torsion positive
EXTN: EQ load in X direction with torsion negative
EZTP: EQ load in Z direction with torsion positive
EZTN: EQ load in Z direction with torsion negative.

Graphical representation of results

Shown graph required Ast in successive
External Beam

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International Journal of Advances in Engineering Sciences Vol.1, Issue 1, Jan, 2011

Graphical representation of results

Shown graph required Ast in successive Internal
Beam

2. Internal Grid
In this case Design of some selected
beam using envelop of load combination, Show the
various floor level of beam design result and Percentage
of steel change as under,

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International Journal of Advances in Engineering Sciences Vol.1, Issue 1, Jan, 2011

VI COMPARISON OF COLUMN AT DIFFERENT

LEVEL IN DIFFERENT ZONE

Change in Reinforcement of External Beam Shown in

Table at different zone at Different floor.

1. Change in Reinforcement of Column Shown in

Table at different zone at Different floor.
column No. 57 to 156

Graphical representation of results

Shown graph required Ast. in successive column
No. 57 to 156

Change in Reinforcement of External Beam Shown in

Table at different zone at Different floor.

2.0 Change in Reinforcement of Column Shown in

Table at different zone at Different floor.
column No. 58 to 157

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International Journal of Advances in Engineering Sciences Vol.1, Issue 1, Jan, 2011

Shown graph of Axial Force of successive

column No. 58 to 156

Graphical representation of results

Shown graph required Ast. In successive column
No. 58 to 156

Shown graph of Moment of successive column

No. 58 to 156

3.0 Change in Reinforcement of Column Shown in

Table at different zone at Different floor.
Column No. 62 to 166

VII COMPARISON OF FOOTING IN

DIFFERENT ZONE
In this case footing design in different zone and
comparison of steel and concrete.

Graphical representation of results

Shown graph required Ast. in successive column
No. 62 to 166.

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International Journal of Advances in Engineering Sciences Vol.1, Issue 1, Jan, 2011

IX. REFERENCES
1. Dr.H.J.Shah, Department of applied Mechanics M.S.
University of baroda, Analysis, design example of six
storey building.
2. Dr.Sudhir K.Jain Department of Civil Engineering
IITK Kanpur , Analysis, design example of six storey
building.
3. IS:1893 (Part 1) 2002 ,criteria for earthquake resistant
design of structure, Bureau of Indian Standards.
4. IS:456 Code of design reinforcement, Bureau of
Indian Standards
IS:456 Code of design reinforcement, Bureau of
Indian Standards.

Graphical representation of results

Shown graph required Ast in Footing in Different
Zone in ten storey building

Shown graph required Concrete in Footing in

Different Zone in ten storey building

VIII CONCLUSION
Maximum reinforcement required in Second floor
beams.
Maximum axial force in ground floor column.
Maximum moment in first floor columns.
Maximum reinforcement required in First floor
columns.
In footing design in different Zone Increases steel
zone-II to Zone-III approximate1.72%, Zone-II to
Zone-IV approximate 4.11 % and zone-II to Zone-V
approximate 3.88 % using IS456.

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