QCVN 8-2:2011/BYT

QUY CHUN K THUT QUC GIA

I VI GII HN NHIM KIM LOI NNG
TRONG THC PHM
National technical regulation on the safety limits
of heavy metals contaminants in food

I. QUY NH CHUNG
1. Phm vi iu chnh
Quy chun ny quy nh mc gii hn an ton c h o p h p i v i c c
k i m l o i n n g n h i m trong thc phm v cc yu cu qun l c lin quan.
2. i tng p dng
Quy chun ny p dng i vi:
2.1. Cc t chc, c nhn nhp khu, sn xut, kinh doanh cc sn phm thc phm
c nguy c nhim kim loi nng.
2 . 2 . T c h c , c n h n c lin quan.
3. Gii thch t ng
Trong Quy chun ny cc t ng di y c hiu nh sau:
3.1. Gii hn an ton cho php l mc gii hn ti a (ML) hm lng mt cht
nhim kim loi nng c php c trong thc phm.
3.2. Thc phm c nguy c nhim kim loi nng: L cc thc phm, nhm thc
phm quy nh ti Mc II (Quy nh k thut) ca quy chun ny.
3.3. Lng n vo hng tun c th chp nhn c tm thi (Provisional Tolerable
Weekly Intake) (PTWI): l lng mt cht nhim kim loi nng c a vo c th
hng tun m khng gy nh hng c hi n sc kho con ngi (n v tnh:
mg/kg th trng)
3

QCVN 8-2:2011/BYT

PTWI (Arsen):

0,015 mg/kg th trng (tnh theo arsen v c)

PTWI (Cadmi):

0,007 mg/kg th trng

PTWI (Ch):

0,025 mg/kg th trng

PTWI (Thu ngn):

0,005 mg/kg th trng

PTWI (Methyl thu ngn):

0,0016 mg/kg th trng

PTWI (Thic):

14 mg/kg th trng

II. QUY NH K THUT

Gii hn an ton cho php i vi nhim arsen (As), cadmi (Cd), ch (Pb), thu
ngn (Hg), methyl thu ngn (MeHg), thic (Sn) trong thc phm
Mc gii hn ti a cho php (mg/kg)
TT

Tn sn phm

Arse
n
(As)

Cadmi
(Cd)

Ch
(Pb)

Thu
ngn
(Hg)

Methyl
thu ngn
(MeHg)

Thic
(Sn)

Sa v cc sn phm sa

0,5

1,0

0,02

0,05

Tht v cc sn phm tht

1,0

0,05

0,05

0,1

0,2

0,5

1,0

0,5

3
4
5
6
7

Tht tru, b, ln, cu, gia

cm
Tht nga
Gan tru, b, ln, cu, gia
cm, nga
Thn tru, b, ln, cu, gia
cm, nga
Ph phm ca tru, b, ln,
gia cm
Cc loi tht nu chn ng

hp (Tht bm, tht i ln,

tht vai ln), Tht b mui,
Tht ch bin ng hp
4

QCVN 8-2:2011/BYT

Mc gii hn ti a cho php (mg/kg)

TT

Tn sn phm

i vi sn phm trong hp
trng thic
i vi sn phm trong cc
loi hp khng trng thic

Arse
n
(As)

Cadmi
(Cd)

Ch
(Pb)

Thu
ngn
(Hg)

Methyl
thu ngn
(MeHg)

Thic
(Sn)

200

50

Du v m ng vt

0,1

0,1

10

B thc vt, du thc vt

0,1

0,1

11

Rau h thp t (ci)

0,05

0,3 (1)

12

Hnh

0,05

0,1

13

Rau n qu

0,05 (2)

0,1 (3)

14

Rau n l

0,2

0,3 (4)

15

Rau h u

0,1

0,2

16

Rau n c v n r

0,1 (5)

0,1 (6)

17

Rau n thn

0,1

18

Nm

0,2

0,3

19

Ng cc

1,0

0,1 (7)

0,2

20

Go trng

0,4

21

La m

0,2

0,1

0,1

22
23

Cc loi tri cy nhit i,

n c v
Cc loi tri cy nhit i,
khng n c v

24

Qu mng v qu nh khc

0,2

25

Qu c mi

0,1

26

Nhm qu to

0,1

27

Nhm qu c ht

0,1

28

Mt (mt qu) v thch

1,0

29

Cc loi rau, qu kh

1,0

2,0

QCVN 8-2:2011/BYT

Mc gii hn ti a cho php (mg/kg)

TT

Tn sn phm

Arse
n
(As)

Cadmi
(Cd)

Ch
(Pb)

Thu
ngn
(Hg)

Methyl
thu ngn
(MeHg)

Thic
(Sn)

30

Cc loi rau, qu ng hp

1,0

250

31

Nc p rau, qu (mg/l)

0,05 (8)

32

Ch v sn phm ch

1,0

1,0

2,0

0,05

33

C ph

1,0

1,0

2,0

0,05

1,0

0,5

2,0

0,05

34

Cacao v sn phm cacao

(gm scla)

35

Gia v (tr bt c ri)

5,0

1,0

2,0

0,05

36

Bt c ri

1,0

1,0

2,0

0,05

37

Nc chm (mg/l)

1,0

1,0

2,0

0,05

38

Mui n

0,5

0,5

2,0

0,1

39

ng

1,0

1,0

2,0

0,05

40

Mt ong

1,0

1,0

2,0

0,05

41

Dm (mg/l)

0,2

1,0

0,5

0,05

0,1

1,0

C cm, c ng, c vn hai

42

sc, c chnh, c i mc,

c sng Nht Bn, c Luvar,
c mi, c trch
C vy chn, c da trn, c
ng, c chnh, c sn, c
tuyt, c bn li nga, c
c, c bn bum, c phn,

43

c nhng ln, c tuyt nh,

c nhm gc, c ui, c

vy , c c l, c h, c
bao kim, c vn bin, c
mp, c thu rn, c tm, c
kim
6

QCVN 8-2:2011/BYT

Mc gii hn ti a cho php (mg/kg)

TT

Tn sn phm

Arse
n
(As)

Cadmi
(Cd)

Ch
(Pb)

Thu
ngn
(Hg)

Methyl
thu ngn
(MeHg)

Thic
(Sn)

44

C tht c kim

0,3

45

C tht c

0,3

0,5

1,0

0,5

0,5

0,5

2,0

1,5

2,0

1,0

0,05

0,5

0,01

0,003

0,01

0,001

0,01

0,003

0,01

0,006

0,2

150

0,02

3,0

0,1

46

Cc loi c (khng bao gm

cc loi c n tht)
Cc loi c n tht (nh c

47

mp, c kim, c ng, c

mng v cc loi khc)
Gip xc (tr phn tht nu

48

ca gh, u v ngc ca
tm hm v cc loi gip

xc ln)
49
50
51
52

Nhuyn th hai mnh v

Nhuyn

th

chn

(khng ni tng)
Thy sn v sn phm thy
sn khc
Nc khong thin nhin
(mg/l)

53

Nc ung ng chai (mg/l)

54

Ru vang (mg/l)

55 ung ng hp (mg/l)
56
57

Thc n cng thc cho tr

s sinh v tr nh (n lin)

Thc phm chc nng

Thc

phm

chc

nng

ngun gc t rong bin kh

3,0

hoc sn phm t rong bin

7

QCVN 8-2:2011/BYT

Mc gii hn ti a cho php (mg/kg)

TT

Tn sn phm

Thc

phm

chc

Arse
n
(As)

Cadmi
(Cd)

1,0

Ch
(Pb)

Thu
ngn
(Hg)

Methyl
thu ngn
(MeHg)

Thic
(Sn)

250

nng

khng c ngun gc t rong

bin kh hoc sn phm t
rong bin
58

Cc loi thc phm ng

hp (tr ung)

Ghi ch:
(-) Khng quy nh
(1) Khng bao gm ci xon
(2) Khng bao gm c chua, nm
(3) Khng bao gm nm
(4) Bao gm rau n l h ci nhng khng bao gm rau bina
(5) Khng bao gm khoai ty cha gt v, cn ty
(6) Bao gm khoai ty gt v
(7) Khng bao gm la m, go, cm, mm
(8) Bao gm necta, ung lin

III. PHNG PHP LY MU V PHNG PHP TH

1. Ly mu
Ly mu theo hng dn ti Thng t 16/2009/TT-BKHCN ngy 2 thng
6 nm 2009 ca B Khoa hc v Cng ngh v hng dn kim tra Nh nc
v cht lng hng ho lu thng trn th trng v cc quy nh khc ca
8

QCVN 8-2:2011/BYT

php lut c lin quan.

2. Phng php th
Yu cu k thut quy nh trong Quy chun ny c th theo cc
phng

php di y (c th s dng phng p h p t h k h c c

chnh xc tng ng):

2.1. Phng php xc nh hm lng arsen

TCVN 7770: 2007 (ISO 17239 : 2004): Rau, qu v sn phm rau, qu - Xc nh

hm lng arsen - Phng php o ph hp th nguyn t gii phng hydrua

TCVN 6626:2000 (ISO 11969:1996) Cht lng nc Xc nh hm lng

arsen Phng php o ph hp th nguyn t (k thut hydrua)

AOAC 973.78 Arsenic (total) Residues in Animal Tissues - Spectrophotometric

Method (Tn d arsen tng s trong m ng vt Phng php quang ph)

AOAC 986.15: Arsenic, cadmium, lead, selenium and zinc in human and pet
foods (Arsen, cadmi, ch, selen v km trong thc phm v thc n chn nui).

2.2. Phng php xc nh hm lng ch

AOAC

Official

Method

972.25:

Lead

in

Foods

(Atomic

Absorption

Spetrophotometry Method) (Ch trong thc phm - Phng php quang ph hp

th nguyn t)

TCVN 7766: 2007 (ISO 6633: 1984): Rau, qu v sn phm rau, qu - Xc nh

hm lng ch - Phng php o ph hp th nguyn t khng ngn la

TCVN 8126:2009: Thc phm. Xc nh hm lng ch, cadmi, km, ng v st.

Phng php quang ph hp th nguyn t sau khi phn hy bng vi sng

2.3. Phng php xc nh hm lng cadmi

AOAC Official Method 973.34: Cadmium in Foods (Atomic Absorption

Spetrophotometry Method) (Cadmi trong thc phm - Phng php quang ph
hp th nguyn t)

TCVN 7768-1: 2007 (ISO 6561-1: 2005): Rau, qu v sn phm rau, qu - Xc

9

QCVN 8-2:2011/BYT

nh hm lng cadmi. Phn 1: Phng php o ph hp th nguyn t dng l

graphit

TCVN 7768-2: 2007 (ISO 6561-2: 2005): Rau, qu v sn phm rau, qu - Xc

nh hm lng cadmi. Phn 2: Phng php o ph hp th nguyn t ngn
la

2.4. Phng php xc nh hm lng thic

TCVN 7769: 2007 (ISO 17240: 2004): Sn phm rau, qu - Xc nh hm lng

thic - Phng php o ph hp th nguyn t ngn la

TCVN 7788: 2007: hp thc phm Xc nh hm lng thic bng quang

ph hp th nguyn t

2.5. Phng php xc nh hm lng thy ngn

AOAC Official Method 971.21: Mercury in Food (Flameless Atomic Absorption

Spetrophotometry Method) (Thy ngn trong thc phm - Phng php quang
ph hp th nguyn t khng ngn la)

TCVN 7877: 2008 (ISO 5666: 1999): Cht lng nc Xc nh thu ngn

2.6. Phng php xc nh hm lng methyl thy ngn

AOAC 983.20: Mercury (methyl) in fish and shellfish: Gas chromatographic method
(Methyl thy ngn trong c v tm cua Phng php sc k kh)

AOAC 988.11: Mercury (methyl) in fish and shellfish: Rapid gas chromatographic
method (Methyl thy ngn trong c v tm cua Phng php sc k kh nhanh)

AOAC 990.04: Mercury (methyl) in seafood: Liquid chromatographic - atomic

absorption spectrophotometric method (Methyl thy ngn trong hi sn Phng
php sc k lng quang ph hp th nguyn t)

10

QCVN 8-2:2011/BYT

IV. QUY NH V QUN L

Cc sn phm thc phm quy nh ti Mc II phi c kim tra cht lng, an
ton m bo hm lng kim loi nng nhim khng vt qu mc gii hn ti a
cho php quy nh ti Quy chun ny.
Vic kim tra cht lng, v sinh an ton i vi nhim kim loi nng trong thc
phm phi c thc hin theo cc quy nh ca php lut.

V. TRCH NHIM CA T CHC, C NHN

T chc, c nhn khng c nhp khu, sn xut, kinh doanh cc thc phm c
cha kim loi nng vt qu gii hn an ton cho php quy nh trong quy chun ny.

VI. T CHC THC HIN

1. Giao Cc An ton v sinh thc phm ch tr, phi hp vi cc c quan chc nng
c lin quan hng dn trin khai v t chc vic thc hin Quy chun ny.
2. Cn c vo yu cu qun l, Cc An ton v sinh thc phm c trch nhim kin
ngh B Y t sa i, b sung Quy chun ny.
3. Trong trng hp cc tiu chun v quy nh php lut c vin dn trong Quy
chun ny c s thay i, b sung hoc c thay th th p dng theo vn bn mi.

11