COURSE OUTINE LEGAL METHOD Prof. Pacifico A. Agabin 2" Semester, S¥ 2010-2011 L THE PHILIPPINE LEGAL SYSTEM Villanueva, “Comparative Study of the Judicial Role and its Effects on the Theory of Judicial Precedents in the Philippine Hybrid System,” 65 Phil. LJ. 42 (1990) ~ Inre Shoop, 41 Phil. 213 Il, LAW AS PROCESS A. The judicial process - Holmes, “The Path of the Law,” X Harvard L.R. 457 (1987) - Vitug, Shadow of Doubt (Part Two) (pp. 87-142) I. LAW AND LOGIC A. The nature of legal reasoning - Cardozo, The Nature of the Judicial Process (1960) Paperback, Yale Univ. Press) (Lecture ) B. Reasoning by analogy: stare decisis = Cardozo, supra, (Lecture IV) = Goodhart, “Determining the Ratio Decidendi of a case”, 40 Yale Law Journal 161 (1930) 1, Inre Macasaet, A.M. 07-09-13-SC, Aug. 8, 2008 2. Inre UP Law Faculty, A.M. No. 10-10-4-SC, Oct. 19, 2010 IV. LAW AND LANGUAGE ‘A. The language of the law - Cardozo, “Law and Literature”, 1925 Yale Review 489; also, Law and Literature and Other Essays by Cardozo (1931, Harcourt Brace & Co. Exercises: - Vinuya v. Executive Secretary, G.R. 162230, April 28m 2010 - Criddle & Decent, “A Fiduciary Theory of Jus Cogens”, 34 Yale J. of Int'l Law 331 (2009)v. Vi. CONSTITUTIONAL INTERPETATION It is a Constitution We Are Interpreting - Tribe, American Constitutional Law, (Volume 1) (2000 ed.) Ch. 1, “Approaches to Constitutional Analysis”, pp. 21-110 Pose | Approaches to Interpretation . - Cardozo, The Nature of the Judicis Process (Lectures II and III) 1. Historical or originalist approach ~ Estrada v. Escritor, 408 SCRA 1 2. Textual Approach ¥ - Secretary of National Defense v. Manalo, 568 SCRA I 3. Structural or institutional relationships - North Cotabato v. Gov't Panel, 568 SCRA 402 4. Doctrinal or stage decisis approach - Lambino v. COMELEC 505 SCRA 160 (Puno dissent) Ethical Approach Ang Ladlad v. COMELEC, G.R. 190582, April 8, 2010 9/- Chavez v. Gonzales, G.R. 168338. Feb. 15, 2008 545 SCRA 441 6. Prudential or balancing approach & Iglesia ni Kristo v. CA, 259 SCRA 529 ‘The Sounds of Silence = Tribe, Construing the Sounds of Congressional and Constitutional Silence”, in Tribe, Constitutional Choices (Harvard, 1985) STATUTORY CONSTRUCTION (commun Sa ) Pound, “Common Law and Legislation,” XXI Harvard L. Rev. No. 6, p. 383 (1908) Relation to constitutionality ~ White Light Corporation v. City of Manila, 576 SCRA 416" \ Oty bed Harmonization with Constitution eyktikes - Francisco v. House of Representatives, 415 SCRA 44 |"! Spirit over the letter of the law - Ang Bagong Bayani v. COMELEC, June 16, 2001thon rote (7218 onene tran Log mages ft hela PIR QM OL, bye BO Legislative intent putt. prey Cvmmby | Serres bust Lemumig Ejercito v. Sandigan, 509 SCRA 190. dy eee aaa TRU Hoplshn Ay ted Object of the law G thoes} fees Y/ - Ortiz v. San Miguel Corp., 560 SCRA 654 les 3. // Conclusiveness of legislative findings Ou fi = subaa semm - People v. Ferrer, 48 SCRA 382 H. Intrinsic aids to construction 1. Expresio unios oy - Balagtas Multi-Purpose Cooperative v. CA, 505 SCRA 654 2. Proyisions in pari material #- People v. Estrada, 583 SCRA 302 3. NoScitur a sociis W - San Miguel v. NLRC, 161 SCRA 719 4, Bjusdem generic of ~ Verav. Cuevas, 90 SCRA 380 5. Gerieral v. specific words ~ Borromeo v. Marciano, 41 Phil 322 ——® General and specific laws - Lagman v. City of Manila, 75 SCRA 579 7. Regendo singular singulis W - King v. Herandez, 4 SCRA 792 8._Cagus omissus @ - People v. Manantan, 5 SCRA 586 9. Antecedent and qualifying words = Quisumbing v. Garcia 10, Technical words with technical meaning ~ Matibag v. Benipayo, 380 SCRA 49 ‘Common words with common meaning - Estrada v. Sandigan, 369 SCRA» 1 Extrinsic aids to construction 1._ History of statute W - US. v. Pompeya, 31 Phil. 275 2. Legislative proceedings / - Gaanan v. Intermediate Appellate Court, 145 SCRA 113 3. Contemporaneous construction / ~ People v. Temporada, 574 SCRA 258 4, Statutes adopted from other jurisdictions a ~ People v. Zapata, 88 Phil. 688 5. Resénacted statutes ~ Americal Bible Society v. City of Manila, 101 Phil 386 6. Bffect of repeal ~ SEC v. Interport Resources Corp., 567 SCRA 354