HW 06 - Electric Potential Calculations Capacitance

10/9/2016
HW06ElectricPotentialCalculationsCapacitance
Due:11:59pmonSunday,September25,2016
Tounderstandhowpointsareawarded,readtheGradingPolicyforthisassignment.
Item1
AthinsphericalshellwithradiusR1 =4.00cmisconcentricwithalargerthinsphericalshellwithradius6.00cm.Bothshells
aremadeofinsulatingmaterial.Thesmallershellhaschargeq1 = + 6.00 nCdistributeduniformlyoveritssurface,andthe
largershellhaschargeq2 = 9.00 nCdistributeduniformlyoveritssurface.Taketheelectricpotentialtobezeroataninfinite
distancefrombothshells.
Youmaywanttoreview(
pages765769).
Forrelatedproblemsolvingtipsandstrategies,youmaywanttoviewaVideoTutorSolutionofPotentialvsurfaceandfield
magnitudeesurfaceatthesurface.
PartA
Whatistheelectricpotentialduetothetwoshellsatthefollowingdistancefromtheircommoncenter:r=0?
Expressyouranswerwiththeappropriateunits.
ANSWER:
V
= 0V
Correct
IDENTIFY:Thepotentialatanypointisthescalarsumofthepotentialduetoeachshell.
SETUP:V
kq
EXECUTE:(i)r
V = k(
q1
R1
forr
= 0
q2
R2
V = +1.798 10
(ii)r
= 4.00cm
V = k(
q1
r
V = k(
V = 0V
q1
r
cm
andV
kq
r
forr
> R
.Thispointisinsidebothshellsso
) = (8.99 10
N m /C )(
V + (1.618 10
V) = 180 V
6.0010
0.0300 m
9.0010
0.0500 m
.Thispointisoutsideshell1andinsideshell2.
q2
R2
) = (8.99 10
V = +1.348 10
(iii)r=6.00
N m /C )(
V + (1.618 10
6.0010
V) = 270 V
0.0400 m
9.0010
0.0500 m
Thispointisoutsidebothshells.
q2
r
)=
k
r
(q
+q )=
2
8.9910
Nm /C
0.0600 m
[6.00 10
C + (9.00 10
C)]
PartB
Whatistheelectricpotentialduetothetwoshellsatthefollowingdistancefromtheircommoncenter:r=5.00cm?
Typesettingmath:100%
https://session.masteringphysics.com/myct/assignmentPrintView?displayMode=studentView&assignmentID=4769927
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10/9/2016
ANSWER:
V
= 270V
Correct
Atthesurfaceoftheinnershell,r
V1 = k(
q1
R1
q2
R2
smallershell,soV
) = 180 V
= k(
V2 = +1.079 10
q1
r
.Thispointisinsidethelargershell,so
= R1 = 3.00 cm
.Atthesurfaceoftheoutershell,r
q2
R2
) = (8.99 10
V + (1.618 10
N m /C )(
V) = 270V
.Thispointisoutsidethe
= R2 = 5.00 cm
9
6.0010
0.0500 m
9.0010
0.0500 m
PartC
Whatistheelectricpotentialduetothetwoshellsatthefollowingdistancefromtheircommoncenter:r=7.00cm?
ANSWER:
V
= 385V
Correct
PartD
Whatisthemagnitudeofthepotentialdifferencebetweenthesurfacesofthetwoshells?
ANSWER:
V
= 450V
Correct
ThepotentialdifferenceisV1
V2 = 450V
PartE
Whichshellisathigherpotential:theinnershellortheoutershell?
ANSWER:
Theinnershellisathigherpotential.
Theoutershellisathigherpotential.
2/11
10/9/2016
Correct
Theinnershellisathigherpotential.Thepotentialdifferenceisdueentirelytothechargeontheinnershell.
EVALUATE:Insideauniformsphericalshell,theelectricfieldiszerosothepotentialisconstant(butnotnecessarily
zero).
Item2
AsolidconductingspherehasnetpositivechargeandradiusR=0.800 m.Atapoint1.20mfromthecenterofthesphere,
theelectricpotentialduetothechargeonthesphereis27.0 V.AssumethatV =0ataninfinitedistancefromthesphere.
PartA
Whatistheelectricpotentialatthecenterofthesphere?
ANSWER:
V
= 40.5V
Correct
Item3
Thedashedlinesinthediagramrepresentcrosssectionsofequipotentialsurfacesdrawnin1Vincrements.
PartA
Whatistheworkdonebytheelectricforcetomovea1CchargefromAtoB?
Expressyouranswerinjoules.
Hint1.FindthepotentialdifferencebetweenAandB
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10/9/2016
WhatisthepotentialdifferenceVA
VB
betweenpointAandpointB?
Expressyouranswerinvolts.
Hint1.Equipotentialsurfaces
Recallthatanequipotentialsurfaceisasurfaceonwhichtheelectricpotentialisthesameateverypoint.
ANSWER:
VA VB
= 0 V
Hint2.Potentialdifferenceandwork
Recallthattheelectricpotentialenergydifferencebetweenanytwopointsisequaltothenegativeoftheworkdone
bytheelectricforceasachargedobjectmovesbetweenthosetwopoints.Ifwecombinethiswiththerelationship
betweenelectricpotentialenergyandelectricpotentialwehave:WAB,byelectricf orce = VAB Q.
ANSWER:
0 J
Correct
PartB
Whatistheworkdonebytheelectricforcetomovea1CchargefromAtoD?
Expressyouranswerinjoules.
Hint1.FindthepotentialdifferencebetweenAandD
WhatisthepotentialdifferenceVD VA betweenpointAandpointD?
Expressyouranswerinvolts.
ANSWER:
VD VA
= 1 V
Hint2.
Potentialdifferenceandwork
Recallthattheelectricpotentialenergydifferencebetweenanytwopointsisequaltothenegativeoftheworkdone
bytheelectricforceasachargedobjectmovesbetweenthosetwopoints.Ifwecombinethiswiththerelationship
betweenelectricpotentialenergyandelectricpotentialwehave:WAD,byelectricf orce = VAD Q
ANSWER:
4/11
10/9/2016
1 J
Correct
PartC
ThemagnitudeoftheelectricfieldatpointCis
Hint1.Electricfieldandequipotentialsurfaces
Sincethediagramshowsequalpotentialdifferencesbetweenadjacentsurfaces,equalamountsofworkaredoneto
moveaparticularchargefromonesurfacetothenextadjacentone.Itfollowsthenthatiftheequipotentialsare
closertogether,theelectricforcedoesthesameamountofworkinasmallerdisplacementthaniftheequipotentials
werefartherapart.Therefore,theelectricforce,aswellasthecorrespondingelectricfield,hasalargermagnitude.
ANSWER:
greaterthanthemagnitudeoftheelectricfieldatpointB.
lessthanthemagnitudeoftheelectricfieldatpointB.
equaltothemagnitudeoftheelectricfieldatpointB.
unknownbecausethevalueoftheelectricpotentialatpointCisunknown.
Correct
Item4
Inacertainregionofspace,theelectricpotentialisV (x, y, z)
constants.
Youmaywanttoreview(
= Axy Bx
+ Cy
,whereA,B,andC arepositive
pages771774).
Forrelatedproblemsolvingtipsandstrategies,youmaywanttoviewaVideoTutorSolutionofPotentialandfieldofapoint
charge.
PartA
Calculatethexcomponentoftheelectricfield.
Expressyouranswerintermsofthegivenquantities.
ANSWER:
Ex
Ay + 2Bx
5/11
10/9/2016
Correct
IDENTIFYandSETUP:UseEx
EXECUTE:V
V
Ex =
= Axy Bx
+ Cy
= Ay + 2Bx
V
x
,Ey =
V
y
,andEz
V
z
tocalculatethecomponentsofE.
PartB
Calculatetheycomponentoftheelectricfield.
ANSWER:
Ey
Ax C
Correct
Ey =
V
y
= Ax C
PartC
Calculatethezcomponentoftheelectricfield.
ANSWER:
Ez
= 0
Correct
Ez =
E = 0
V
z
=0
requiresthatEx
= Ey = Ez = 0
PartD
Atwhichpointistheelectricfieldequaltozero?
ANSWER:
x
= 0, y = 0, z = 0
= C/A , y = 0 , z = 2BC/A
= C/A , y = 2BC/A
, z = C/A
6/11
10/9/2016
Correct
Ez = 0
everywhere.
Ey = 0
atx
= C/A
AndEx isalsoequaltozeroforthisx,anyvalueofzandy
EVALUATE:V doesntdependonzsoEz
= 0
= 2Bx/A = (2B/A)(C/A) = 2BC/A
everywhere.
Item5
Theplatesofaparallelplatecapacitorare2.00mmapart,andeachcarriesachargeofmagnitude83.0nC.Theplatesarein
vacuum.Theelectricfieldbetweentheplateshasamagnitudeof5.00106V/m.
Youmaywanttoreview(
pages786790).
Forrelatedproblemsolvingtipsandstrategies,youmaywanttoviewaVideoTutorSolutionofPropertiesofaparallelplate
capacitor.
PartA
Whatisthepotentialdifferencebetweentheplates?
ANSWER:
V
= 1.00104 V
Correct
IDENTIFY:Thecapacitancedependsonthegeometry(areaandplateseparation)oftheplates.
SETUP:Foraparallelplatecapacitor,Vab
EXECUTE:Vab
= Ed, E =
= Ed = (5.00 10 V/m)(2.00 10
Q
0 A
, and. C =
Vab
4
m) = 1.00 10 V
PartB
Whatistheareaofeachplate?
ANSWER:
S
= 1.88103 m2
Correct
Solvingfortheareagives
A=
Q
E0
8.3010
C
12
(5.0010 V/m)[8.854 10
= 1.88 10
= 0.19cm
C /(Nm2 )]
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10/9/2016
PartC
Whatisthecapacitance?
ANSWER:
C
= 8.301012 F
Correct
C =
Q
Vab
8.3010
= 8.30 10
12
F = 8.30pF
1.0010 V
EVALUATE:Thecapacitanceisreasonableforlaboratorycapacitors,buttheareaisratherlarge.
Item6
Aparallelplateaircapacitorwithacapacitanceof232pFhasachargeofmagnitude0.148Coneachplate.Theplateshave
aseparationof0.257mm.
Youmaywanttoreview(
pages786790).
Forrelatedproblemsolvingtipsandstrategies,youmaywanttoviewaVideoTutorSolutionofPropertiesofaparallelplate
capacitor.
PartA
ANSWER:
V
= 638 V
Correct
IDENTIFYandSETUP:Itisaparallelplateaircapacitor,sowecanapplytheequationsofSection24.1.
EXECUTE:C =
Q
Vab
soVab
Q
C
0.148C
232pF
= 638V
PartB
Whatistheareaofeachplate?
Use8.8541012F/mforthepermittivityoffreespace.
ANSWER:
A
= 6.73103 m2
8/11
10/9/2016
Correct
C =
0 A
soA =
Cd
0
(232pF)(0.257mm)
12
8.85410
= 6.73 10
= 90.8 cm
F/m
PartC
Whatistheelectricfieldmagnitudebetweentheplates?
ANSWER:
E
= 2.48106 V/m
Correct
soE =
Vab = Ed
Vab
d
638V
0.257mm
= 2.48 10 V/m
PartD
Whatisthesurfacechargedensityoneachplate?
ANSWER:
= 2.20105 C/m2
Correct
E=
so
= E 0 = (2.48 10 V/m)(8.854 10
12
EVALUATE:WecouldalsocalculatedirectlyasQ/A. =
checks.
F/m) = 2.20 10
Q
A
0.148C
3
9.0810
C/m
= 2.20 10
C/m
,which
Item7
A5.60F ,parallelplate,aircapacitorhasaplateseparationof3.90mmandischargedtoapotentialdifferenceof400V.
Youmaywanttoreview(
pages794797).
Forrelatedproblemsolvingtipsandstrategies,youmaywanttoviewaVideoTutorSolutionofElectricfieldenergy.
PartA
Calculatetheenergydensityintheregionbetweentheplates.
ANSWER:
u
= 4.65102 J/m3
9/11
10/9/2016
Correct
IDENTIFYandSETUP:Theenergydensityisgivenbyu =
EXECUTE:CalculateE :E =
Thenu =
1
2
0 E
1
2
V
d
3.9010
(8.85 10
12
0 E
.UseV
400V
tosolveforE .
= Ed
= 1.03 10 V/m
m
5
F/m)(1.03 10 V/m)
= 4.65 10
J/m
EVALUATE:E issmallerthanthevalueinExample24.8byaboutafactorof6souissmallerbyaboutafactorof
2
6 = 36.
Item8
Aparallelplateaircapacitorhasacapacitanceof920pF.Thechargeoneachplateis3.90C.
PartA
ANSWER:
V
= 4.2kV
Correct
PartB
Ifthechargeiskeptconstant,whatwillbethepotentialdifferencebetweentheplatesiftheseparationisdoubled?
ANSWER:
V
= 8.5kV
Correct
PartC
Howmuchworkisrequiredtodoubletheseparation?
ANSWER:
U
= 8.3mJ
10/11
10/9/2016
Correct
ScoreSummary:
Yourscoreonthisassignmentis96.8%.
Youreceived9.68outofapossibletotalof10points.
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10/9/2016

= 2Bx/A = (2B/A)(C/A) = 2BC/A

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