Professional Documents
Culture Documents
This book was simplified from Sanjay’s text by eliminating the use of
Devanagari script, thus hopefully saving many days of initial hard work,
and making the process of learning spoken Marathi considerably easier.
2. The "i" vowel & the "u" vowel can be pronounced either long or short.
The correct choice (long vs short) isn’t critical, but for the student the
long vowels have been underlined to differentiate them here: i & u.
(Note that many underlinings got inadvertently dropped in this text)
3. There are 2 other vowels given separate letters in Marathi: the "i" in a
few Sanskrit loan-words like rishi, and the "æ" in a few English loan-
words like tæxi. It’s sufficient to simply mention these. Marathi also has
2 diphthongs (combinations of the vowels ai & au), pronounced in
sequence, somewhat merged together. Special symbol for nasalization: ~.
B. Consonants: these are best examined in a table.
_______________________________________________________
Voiceless Voiced Nasal
Unaspirated Aspirated Unaspirated Aspirated
1. Back k kh g gh n
2. Palatal ch chh j jh n
3. Retroflex t th d dh n
4. Dental t th d dh n
5. Labial p ph b bh m
Semivowels & combos: y r l w sh s h l ksh dny
Back: back of tongue against back of palate. Palatal: middle of tongue against palate.
Retroflex: tip of tongue against center of palate (it is flexed somewhat backwards).
Dental: tip of tongue against the teeth. Labial: the lips together. Voicing is produced
by vibration of the vocal cords. Aspiration is the production of an audible huff or
puff of air with the consonant (the h-sound).
Aside from the nasals and the row of semivowels & combos, there are
just 5 groups of consonants, which are subdivided mainly by tongue
placement. They each have different sounds according to whether they
are voiced or unvoiced, aspirated or unaspirated. Fortunately, most of
them resemble English, and need not be specially learned. An "h" is
added like a puff of air to the consonants in the "unaspirated" columns, to
form the consonants in the "aspirated" columns. Practice might be
required to pronounce aspirates correctly (eg, pronounce bhau by first
saying bahau, then deleting the a; the others can be treated similarly).
Retroflex vs. dental. The d's and t's in the dental row parallel similar
sounds in the retroflex row; they are differentiated from each other by the
placement of the tip of the tongue. At first it’s necessary to pay attention
to where you put the tip of your tongue when speaking "t" or "d", and
little by little your pronunciation will start to resemble that of Marathi
speakers. Actually hearing these differences will happen more slowly.
Cursive (or italic) script designates retroflex in this table, as opposed to
normal script designating dental (a simpler handritten way of indicating
retroflex is to put a dot under the retroflex letter).
Nasals. There’s a slightly different n-sound for every tongue position, but
we only deliberately distinguish retroflex n (cursive) from the other n's
(normal) in speaking. Retroflex n is spoken with the tongue in the
retroflex position; otherwise, the tongue just goes to its regular position.
Semivowels & combos. The y semivowel is pronounced ya at the end of
a word; the r is slightly trilled; pronounciation of the w sound is
somewhere between English w and v; the l semivowel is a retroflex, and
sounds Japanese (“so solly”). The two combo vowels ksh & dny sound
like their component letters, pronounced more or less simultaneously.
Part 2: Some Start-up Vocabulary
Nouns (with gender):
aushadh: (N) medicine bæg: (F) bag bagula: (M) flanged pot
bai: (F) woman bashi: (F) saucer batli: (F) bottle
bhande: (N) cooking vessel bhint: (F) wall bichhana: (M) bedding
bred: (F) bread chadar: (F) bedsheet chaha: (M) tea
chappal: (F) sandals chhatri: (F) umbrella chitra: (N) picture
daba: (M) box, can darwaja: (M) door diwa: (M) lamp
dudhwala: (M) milkman dudh: (N) milk gadi: (F) car
ghadyal: (N) clock, watch glas: (M glass jamin: (F) floor
jewan: meal jhakan: (N) cover, lid kagad: (M) paper
kam: (N) work, job kap: (M) cup kapad: (N) cloth
kapat: (N) cupboard kapde: (M Pl) clothes khat: (F) cot, bed
khidki: (F) window khurchi: (F) chair manus: (M) man
naw: (N) name padda: (M) curtain paise: (M Pl) money
pakad: (F) pliers pani: (N) water pensil: (F) pencil
peti: (F) box pinjara: (M) cage (food) pishwi: (F) bag
pustak: (N) book saman: (N) luggage sandas: (M) toilet
tawa: (M) frying pan tebal: (N) table wati: (F) small bowl
Adjectives/Adverbs:
agodar: 1st (to begin with) aj: today ajun: still
ase/tase: like this/that ata: now changle: good
chhote: small dur: far ikde/tikde: this/that way
ithe/tithe: here/there jada: more, extra jast: more, too much
jawal: near kadhikadhi: sometimes kahi: some, any
kal: yesterday kami: less, too little kharab: bad, spoiled
khup: much/many lagech: immediately lawkar: quickly
mag: then mothe: large nantar: afterwards
nehmi: always punha: again roj: every day
sawkash: slowly thode: few udya: tomorrow
Conjunctions:
ani, an: and ki, kiwa, agar: or pan, parantu: but
mhanun: therefore nahitar: otherwise karan: because
Pronouns
Singular Plural
1st mi I amhi we
2nd tu you (sing) tumhi you (plural)
3rd to he or that (M) te they or those (M)
ti she or that (F) tya they or those (F)
te it or that (N) ti they or those (N)
Directions
disha (F)
Household
gharache bhag (M Pl)
Relatives
natewaik (M/F Pl)
Town
nagar (N)
shahar: (N) city gaw: (N) village rasta: (M) street, road marg:
(M) way, road sinema: (M) cinema bajar: (M) market
laj, hotel*: (N) lodge, hotel wimantal: (M) airport
upahargrih, hotel: (N) restaurant natakgrih: (N) theatre
myujhiyam: (M) museum vidyapith: (N) university
granthalay: (N) library pranisangrahalay: (N) zoo
*Taxi, Railway Station, Police Station, Telephone, Magistrate, Bus Stop,
and many such words are found without much alteration in Marathi.
Colors
rang (M Pl)
pandhre: white kale: black karde: grey
lal, tambde: red narangi: orange piwle: yellow
hirwe: green nile: blue jambhle: violet
bhure, tapkiri: brown rangit: colored mishre: mixed
khaki: yellow-brown color phikat: pale gadad: deep, dark
-sar: -ish (eg, kalsar: blackish; nilsar: bluish; piwlasar: yellowish; etc)
News
warta (F), samachar (M)
writtpatra: (N) newspaper dainik: daily masik: monthly
teliwhijan/tiwhi: (M) TV redio: (M) radio phon: (M) telephone
post aphis: (N) post office patta: (M) address tikit: (N) stamp
pakit: (M) envelope kard: (N) card kagad: (M) paper
chiththi: (F) note (paper) patra: (N) letter batmi: (F) news item
mahiti: (F) information nirop: (M) message uttar: (N) reply
Articles of Food
khanyache padarth (M Pl)
nashta: (M) breakfast jewan: (N) meal upas: (M) fasting
khichdi: (F) rice-dal mix koshimbir: (F) salad bhaji: (F) cooked veg.
dudh: (N) milk tak: (N) buttermilk dahi: (N) curd
makhan: (N) butter tup: (N) ghee tel: (N) cooking oil.
matan: (N) mutton, meat masa: (M) fish ande: (N) egg
tandul: (M) uncooked rice bhat: (M) cooked rice maka: (M) corn
jwari: (F) sorghum, millet gahu: (M) wheat dal: (F) split pulse
shengdana: (M) peanut til: (M) sesame seed jira: (M) cumin seed
mirchi: (F) chili pepper lonche: (N) pickle chatni: (F) chutney
kali miri: (F) black pepper masala: (M) spice naryal: (M) cocoanut
sakhar: (F) sugar mith: (N) salt garam: warm, hot thande: cold
tikhat: hot, spicy god: sweet kharat: salty ambat: sour kadu: bitter
Work
kam (N)
malak: (M) owner, employer kamgar: (M) laborer nokar: (M) servant
mænejar: (M) manager shipai: (M) office peon klark: (M) clerk
nokri: (F) job, employment karkhana: (M) factory aphis (N): office
dukan: (N) store, shop pagar (M): salary suti: (F) time off
Professions
dhande (M Pl)
shetkari: (M) farmer sutar: (M) carpenter saipakin: (F) cook
dhobi: (M) washerman shimpi: (M) tailor nhawi: (M) barber
waidya: (M) doctor wakil: (M) lawyer wani: (M) grocer
Education
shikshan (N)
widyarthi: (M) student shala: (F) school kalej: (N) college
pradhyapak: (M) professor shikshak: (M) teacher warg: (M) class
abhyas: (M) study pariksha: (F) exam suti: (F) vacation
Part 3: Formation of Sentences
Some Colloquial Expressions
My House
majhe ghar (N)
In the Market
bajarat (M)
grahak: hya ambyãcha bhaw kay?
Purchaser: What is the price of these mangoes?
wikreta: tin rupaye dajhan, saheb.
Salesman: Three rupees a dozen, sir.
grahak: don rupaye bhawane denar ka?
Purchaser: Will you give at the rate of 2 rupees?
wikreta: nahi saheb, bhaw ekach.
Salesman: No sir, the rate is fixed (there’s a single rate).
grahak: bare tar, ardha dajhan de pahu.
Purchaser: Okay then, please let me have half a dozen.
wikreta: he ghya, saheb. Salesman: Here, take them, sir.
grahak: ha ghe rupaya. Purchaser: Here, take this rupee.
At the Grocer’s
wanyakade
There are three genders in Marathi-- masculine (M), feminine (F), and
neuter (N). Words which denote males are masculine, and words which
denote females are feminine. Among the other words denoting inanimate
objects, most of those words coming from Sanskrit have the same gender
as they do in Sanskrit. Of the other Marathi words:--
(1) words ending in -e are neuter;
(2) words ending in -i (or -i) are feminine;
(3) for words ending in a non-vowel, -a, or -u (-u),
there is no fixed rule to determine their gender.
Postpositions:
Postpositions are relational words similar to English prepositions, except
that they follow rather than precede the word modified. Postpositions and
other suffixes are attached to the oblique form of nouns (see below).
Some of the postpositions below can also be used alone as adverbs.
-un/-tun/pasun: from -t/-at: in -hun/-peksha: (more) than
-khali: below, down -war: on, above -samor: before (in front of)
-mage: behind -baher: outside -pudhe: before, ahead of
-jawal: near, with -dur: far. -barobar/-shi: with
-la/-kade: to, at -sathi: for -madhe: in, within
-madhun: from within, through -warun: from on/above, over
Declension of a Noun
The Neuter noun ghar (“house”) when singular becomes ghara before
adding a suffix; plural ghare (“houses”) becomes gharã.* This oblique
form (see above) may be usable if the gender of the noun is unknown:
*tilde (indicating nasalization) is added before oblique to indicate noun’s plurality
Singular Plural
1. Nominative ghar ghare
2. Accus./Dative gharala gharãna
3. Instrumental gharane gharãni
4. Postpositive gharatun, -war, etc gharãtun, -war, etc
5. Possessive gharacha,-chi,-che (M,F,N) gharãche,-chya,-chi
6. Locative ghari ------
Declension of Pronouns
1st person 2nd person 3rd person
Case Sing Plural Sing Plural Sing Plural
1. Nominative mi amhi tu tumhi to (M) he te (M) }
I we you you ti (F) she tya (F) }they
te (N) it ti (N) }
2. Accus./Dative mala amhala tula tumhala tyala (M)
to/for me to/for us to/for you to/for you tila (F) tyana
tyala (N) to/for them
to/for him,her,it
3. Instrumental mi amhi tu tumhi tyane (M)
by me by us by you by you tine (F) tyani
tyane (N) by them
by him,her,it
4. Postpositive majhya-t amchya-t tujhya-t tumchya-t tyachya-t (M)
in me in us in you in you tichya-t (F) tyanchya-t
tyachya-t (N) in them
(t = postposition: -t “in”, -war “on”, etc) in him,her,it
Exercise
The adjectives of the first group are “variable”: they agree in gender and
number with the nouns they modify. The variable endings are as below:
Singular Plural
changla ghoda (M) changle ghode (M)
changli kathi (F) changlya kathya (F)
changle pustak (N) changli pustake (N)
The adjectives of the 2nd group are “invariable”: they do not change.
Example: sundar ghoda (M), sundar kathi (F), sundar pustak (N), etc.
Some More Adjectives:
alshi: lazy anandi: happy barik: thin, small
butke: short chhan: nice chhote: small
duhakhi: sad garam: warm, hot ghan: dirty, filthy
god: sweet hushar: clever jad: thick, fat
lahan: small, young lamb: long mothe: big/great, elder
pahile: first patal: thin (liquid) premal: loving
pramanik: honest rund: broad saral: straight
shuddh: pure swachchh: clean taje: fresh
thande: cold thode: small amount udyogi: industrious
unch: tall wait: bad wakde: crooked, bent
Exercise
Use the adjectives given above, and nouns from the previously given
vocabulary lists, to translate the following expressions:
A good dog; elder brother; a small boy; a clever girl; an honest servant; a
sweet song (gane); a tall man; dirty clothes; tall trees; cold water; hot
milk; crooked road; thick books; the bad men (plural of manus: manase);
great men; fresh flowers; pure air; straight roads; clever servants.
Exercise
Translate the following expressions into Marathi:
For this good dog; by my elder brother; to that small boy; to those tall
men; in dirty clothes; on the tall trees; in cold water; on a crooked road;
in thick books; to bad men; from bad men; to great men; by great men; in
pure air; on a straight road; by a clever servant; by clever servants.
Present Tense
The conjugation for verb-stem kar 'do' (transitive) in present tense:
1s mi karto (karte)* ‘I do’ 1pl amhi karto ‘we do’
2s tu kartos (kartes)* ‘you do’ 2pl tumhi karta ‘you do’
3s (M) to karto ‘he does’ 3pl (M) te kartat }
(F) ti karte ‘she does’ (F) tya kartat }!‘they do’
(N) te karte ‘it does’ (N) ti kartat }
*in parentheses: feminine forms
Past Tense
Intransitive Verbs
1s mi baslo (basle)* I sat
2s tu baslas (baslis) you sat
3s to basla,ti basli,te basle he,she,it sat
1pl amhi baslo we sat
2pl tumhi basla you sat
3pl te basle,tya baslya,ti basli they sat
*in parentheses: feminine forms
Transitive Verbs
In past tense, transitive verbs use the passive voice (“it was done by me”):
accordingly, the subject is in the instrumental -ne case, and the verb
agrees in gender and number with its object (adjective endings).
Future Tense
Endings after a vowel (or vowel plus -h), and with most transitive verbs:
1s mi jain ‘I will go’
2s tu jashil ‘you will go’
3s to, ti, te jail ‘he, she, it will go’
1pl amhi jau ‘we will go’
2pl tumhi jal ‘you will go’
3pl te, tya, ti jatil ‘they will go’
With some verbs, 1st & 3rd person Sing. endings contain e instead of i;
the example below is the future of as- (the regular form of ‘be’), which
can also be used like ahe or hot- as an auxiliary:
1s mi asen ‘I shall be (there)’
2s tu asashil ‘you will be (there)’
3s to, ti, te asel ‘he, she, it will be (there)’
1pl amhi asu ‘we will be (there)’
2pl tumhi asal ‘you will be (there)’
3pl te, tya, ti astil ‘they will be (there)’
(2) Perfect tenses: By adding ahe, hot-, or as- (the present, past, or future
auxiliary) to a sentence in the simple past, one can obtain the present
perfect, the past perfect, and the future perfect, respectively.
Verbal Derivatives
(1) The verbal nominitive (‘infinitive’): By adding the suffix -ne to the
verb-stem--
e.g., kar- à karne; de- à dene; bol- à bolne; thew- à thewne; etc.
we obtain a word meaning: ‘to do or doing the verbal action.’ The verb is
essentially changed into a neuter singular noun (the usual dictionary
citation form). Thus:
phar bolne changle nahi. ‘To talk a lot isn’t good.’
mi tyache bolne aikle. ‘I listened to his talking.’
(2) The verbal accusative: By adding the suffix -ayla to the verb-stem--
e.g., kar- à karayla; de- à dyayla; bol- à bolayla, etc.
we obtain a word meaning: ‘for doing’ or ‘to (in order to) do’ the verbal
action (thus complementing another verb or noun etc). Thus:
karayla: ‘for doing’, ‘in order to do’; dyayla: ‘for giving’, ‘in order to
give’
khayla: ‘for eating’, ‘in order to eat’; jhopayla: ‘for sleeping’, ‘to sleep’
kam karayla ye. ‘Come (in order) to do work.’
tyala kahi dyayla pahije. ‘I want to give him something.’
tyala jewan khayla de.‘Give him a meal to eat.’
jhopayla ja. ‘Go to sleep.’
Note: ‘-ayche’ in section 7 below can be substituted for -nyache, with the
same meaning; this differs from its meaning (“needful”) in that section.
tyala kam karaychi awad (F) ahe ‘He has a liking of doing work.’
(7) The “needful” -ayche. By adding suffix -ayche (the ending agrees
with the object if any) to the verb-stem:
e.g., kar- à karayche, etc; de- à dyayche, etc.
We obtain a word meaning ‘wants or needs to be done’ or ‘is to be done’.
This is often used when asking or telling/describing what’s to be done.
This can also act like a simple prospective (conveying strong intention).
Kay karayche? What’s to be done?
Ithe thambayche ka? Am I to wait here?
Mi kam karayche. I have to (need to) work.
Mi kamala jayche. I have to go to work.
Ti aj yaychi She’s (definitely) coming today.
(2) Past tense: to obtain the negative of the simple past, add nahi to the
positive expression.
to gela. ‘He went.’ to gela nahi. ‘He didn’t go.’
to dhawla. ‘He ran.’ to dhawla nahi. ‘He didn’t run.’
(3) Future tense: to obtain the negative of the simple future, substitute the
prospective (stem + -nar) and add nahi.
to yeil. ‘He will come.’ to yenar nahi. ‘He won’t come.’
to karel. ‘He will do.’ to karnar nahi. ‘He won’t do.’
(4) Imperative: to obtain the negative of the imperative, add suffix -u to
the verb-stem, plus an appropriate form of nako (“don’t”).
tu ja. ‘You go.’ tu jau nako. ‘Don’t go.’
tumhi ja. ‘You (Pl) go.’ tumhi jau naka. ‘Don’t go.’
tu wach. ‘You read.’ tu wachu nako. ‘Don’t read.’
tumhi wacha. ‘You (Pl) read.’ tumhi wachu naka. ‘Don’t read.’
(5) Desiderative: to obtain the negative of the desiderative, add suffix -u
to the verb-stem, plus naye (“shouldn’t”).
tu jawe: ‘You should go.’ tu jau naye: ‘You shouldn’t go.’
tumhi jawe: ‘You should go.’ tumhi jau naye: ‘You shouldn’t go.’
The negative of hot- (the past auxiliary: “was”) is formed by adding neg.
prefix na- (medial -o- à -w-), so ‘hoto’ à ‘nahwto’, ‘hote’ à ‘nahwte’,
etc.
The negative of as- (the future auxiliary: “will be”) is similarly formed
by adding neg. prefix na, so that ‘asen’ à ‘nasen’, ‘asel’ à ‘nasel’, etc.
Use of Apan
The pronoun apan has two meanings. It may mean: (1) We (including the
speaker), or (2) You (the honorific form, used for special respect). The
honorific form may not be employed, but it should be recognized.
Its cases are: (1) Nominative: apan; (2) Accus./Dative: aplyala; (3).
Instrumental: apan; (4) Postpositive: aplya-postposition; (5) Possessive:
(Sing) apla (M), apli (F), aple (N), (Plural) aple (M), aplya (F), apli (N).
apan kuthe jata? ‘Where are you going?’
apan ghari jau ya. ‘Let’s go home.’
aplyala kuthe jayla pahije? ‘Where are we/you wanting to go?’
apla kutra chhan ahe. ‘Our/your dog is nice.’
aple naw kay? ‘What is your name?’
aplya chhatrya kuthe ahet? ‘Where are our umbrellas?’
Fifth Part: Exercises
Exercise 1
Rule 1: In the active voice, when the object of a verb is animate it is
usually in the accusative case, and when inanimate it is in the nominative
case: (mi tumhala sangto “I tell you’; mi kam karto “I work”).
Translate into Marathi (and in all exercises following)--
I go. We eat. He speaks. She runs. Boys (mulge) laugh. Girls (muli)
sing. See the moon. Bring water. Bring your dog. Hold my hand. May
I come here? Where may I go? I read a book. We hear a sound. He
washes his hands. She gives him a mango. He beats her. He sends a
servant. What do you see? What do you want? What is this? What does
he want?
Exercise 2
Eat this mango. Drink this milk. Read that book. You sing well
(changle). They (M) tell me. They (F) give me books. They (M) go to
Bombay. They (F) bring fruit. Rama shows me a picture. My friends
are here. This is my friend Suresh. Where is Sita? Where is your house?
Where is the nearest station?
Exercise 1: Answers
Exercise 3
Rule 2: In order to form the past tense intransitive verbs are used in the
active voice (subject in nominative case; verbs agree with subject), and
transitive verbs are used in the passive voice (subject in instru-mental
case; verbs agree with object).
I discussed with Kamal. Do not talk with him. He cuts a mango. I cut a
mango with a knife. He came with me to my house. We discussed
politics for an hour. He killed the enemy with his sword. Come with me.
Go with him to the market. She killed a tiger with her rifle. He killed a
fly. I heard the story with my own ears. We came by plane. He went by
his car. He went 30 miles on bicycle.
Exercise 3: Answers
Exercise 5
This is my book. In my book there are nice stories. All (people) gathered
at his house. His bicycle does not have brakes. His bicycle is new. Our
car is old. We went for a picnic in our car. Our house has many
windows. Their house is small. The back side of their house is in front
of our house. Where is my pencil? What is his telephone number?
These are my books. What is your address?
Exercise 4: Answers
Exercise 5: Answers
he pustak majhe ahe. majhya pustakat chhan goshti ahet. sarwa jan
tyachya ghari jamle. tyachya saykalla brek nahit. tyachi saykal nawi
ahe. amchi motar juni ahe. amchya motaritun amhi piknikla
(wanbhojanala) gelo. amchya gharala anek khidkya ahet. tyanche ghar
lahan ahe. tyanchya gharachi magchi baju amchya gharasamor yete.
majhi pensil kuthe ahe? tyacha teliphon nambar kay ahe? hi majhi
pustake ahet. tujha patta kay ahe?
Exercise 7
To err is human. Help me to clean the house. His reading has improved.
Tell him to run faster. Show us how to climb a mountain. What do you
wish to read? I have come to return your book. He has gone to the
market to bring some fruit. Stop crying. I wish to learn Marathi. I wish
to sing. He likes to play.
Exercise 6: Answers
to tyachya kholit ahe. amhi tya jhadawar chadhlo. amhi bhintimage
laplo. tyane tin ghode wikat ghetle. hya nadya bharatat ahet. tumhi
anek chuka kelya ahet. turungachya bhinti unch ahet. tyachyajawal don
saykali ahet. rama majhyahun unch ahe. parantu mi tyachya-peksha
buddhiman ahe. tujhi chhatri majhya chhatrihun jad ahe. surekh
ajayhun motha ahe. amchi shala amchya gharatun jawal ahe.
Exercise 8
Note: Paired conjunctions are used in various relative constructions: jar
- tar (‘if - then’); jari - tari (though - still); jewha - tewha (‘when - then’);
jitke - titke (‘as many’ - that many’)..
What are you doing? I am reading a novel. Where are they going? They
are going for a walk. He was climbing a tree. We were looking through
a window. If you come at 4:00 (then) we (you & I) shall go for a walk.
Though she’s become old (still) she works hard. When I saw him, (then)
he was fishing. Eat as many bananas as you wish.
Exercise 7: Answers
chuk karne ha manushya swabhaw ahe. mala ghar saph karayla madat
kar (kara). tyache wachne (wachan) sudharle ahe. tyala adhik jorane
(jalad) dhawayla sang (sanga). parwat kasa chadhaycha te amhala
dakhawa. tula kay wachnyachi ichchha ahe? mi tujhe pustak parat
karayla alo ahe. to kahi phale anayla (anyasathi) bajarat gela ahe. radne
band kar. mala marathi bhasha shikaychi ahe. mala ganyachi ichchha
ahe. tyala khelayla awadte.
Exercise 9
Exercise 8: Answers
tu (tumhi) kay karat ahes (ahat)? mi ek kadambri wachat ahe. te kuthe
jat ahet? te phirayla jat ahet. to jhadawar chadhat hota. amhi
khidkimadhun baghat hoto. jar tu char wajta alas tar apan phirayla jau.
jari ti mhatari jhali ahe tari ti khup kam karte. jewha mi tyala pahile
tewha to mase marat hota. tula jitki keli khayla pahije titki kha.
Exercise 10
If he gives me his book I’ll return it next day. My mother was in Bombay,
therefore we went there. Because you’re my friend, you are dear to me.
Let him work. Let him come in. We began to sing. He'll be able to
come tomorrow. After doing our studies let’s go to a cinema. My
bicycle has a puncture in the front wheel. I went to meet my brother. I
have come to meet my brother.
Exercise 9: Answers
bhintiwarun udi marun chor palun gela. darwaja band karun ikde ye.
kriket khelun to ghari gela. darwaja ughadun tithe (baher) kon ahe paha.
jhadawar chadhun tyane purwela pahile. tyane hya rastyane jawe. mi
kay karawe? kripa karun ithe basa.
Exercise 10: Answers
jar tyane mala tyache pustak dile tar mi te dusrya diwashi parat karin.
majhi ai mumbaila hoti mhanun amhi tikde gelo. tu majha mitra ahes
mhanun mala priy ahes. tyala kam karu de. tyala at yeu de. amhi gau
laglo. to udya yeu shakel. apla abhyas karun sinema jau ya. majhya
saykalchya pudhchya chakat pankchar ahe. mi majhya bhawala bhetayla
gelo. mi majhya bhawala bhetayla alo ahe.
“Jewha mi premi banlo, tewha dhyeyrupi moti mala milala ase watle.
When I became a lover then the Goal-form pearl was obtained so I felt
Pan mala murkhala tyaweli he mahit nahwte ki, ha moti sagarachya
But to me, a fool, at that time it wasn’t known that this pearl the sea’s
agdi talashi asto ani to milawnyasathi sagarachya asankhya latãna
very bottom is at and for obtaining it the sea’s countless waves
tond det tyãna bajula sarit atishay kholat budi marun tyacha thang
facing pushing them aside to extreme depth after diving its bottom
ghyawa lagto.” --Haphij
have to attain -Hafiz
“When I became a lover I thought I had gained the Pearl of the Goal;
foolish I did not know that this Pearl lies on the floor of an ocean which
has innumerable waves to be encountered and great depths to be
sounded”
--Hafiz
In the beginning the seeker of Truth is like a man who, having heard
that a priceless pearl is to be got from the depths of the ocean, goes down
to the sea-shore and first admires the vastness of the ocean and then
paddles and splashes about in the shallows and, intoxicated with this new
excitement, forgets about the pearl.
Out of many who do this, one after a while, remembers his quest and
learns to swim and starts to swim out.
Out of many who do this, one masters swimming and reaches the open
sea; the others perish in the waves.
Out of many who master swimming, one begins to dive; the others in
their enjoyment of mastery, again forget about the pearl.
Out of many who practise diving, one reaches the ocean bed and
grasps the pearl.
Out of many who get hold of the pearl, one swims back up to the
surface with it, the others stay stuck on the floor gazing with wonder at
the pearl.
Out of many who swim up to the surface, one returns to the shore.
This one is the Perfect Master (Qutub) and He shows His pearl to the
others -- the divers, the swimmers, the paddlers, and so encourages them
in their efforts. But He can if He wishes cause another to become the
possessor of the pearl without that one having to learn swimming and
diving.
But God-Man or Avatar is the Master of Masters, and can give
possession of the Pearl to any number he likes. The Qutub is perfect
Perfection, but is circumscribed by His office in regard to His help to
men. The Avatar is beyond limits of function. His power and the effects
of His power are boundless. The absolute Perfection of the Perfect Master
is the same as the God-Man’s. The difference between them is the scope
of their functioning. One is limited, the other is unlimited.
Glossary
-a: (prefix) negative.
-abhyas: (M) study.
-abhyas karne: to study.
-adhikari: (M) officer, person in charge; owner (“possessor”).
-agdi: quite, very, completely, wholly.
-aikne: (T) to hear; to listen, attend (and obey).
-amaryadit: unlimited.
-amol: invaluable (-amulya ‘invaluable, priceless’).
-anand: (M) happiness, joy (anandat ‘in happiness, happily’).
-anek: many.
-ani: and.
-aphat: vast, huge.
-aphatpana: (M) vastness.
-aple: our (inclusive); “one’s own” (reflexive).
-asankhya: numberless, countless.
-ase: such, thus; like this.
-ashcharya: (N) surprise, wonder.
-asne: (I) to be (auxiliary form); to exist.
-at/-t: (post) in, inside, within; among, between.
-athwa: or, or else.
-atishay: extremely, very; very much; excessive.
-atun: from within; (post) out from, through.
-babat: (Fi) matter; (post) about, regarding.
-babatit: in respect, in the matter.
-baju: (F) side.
-bajula: to one side, on the side, aside.
-baki: the rest (of), remaining (-bakiche ‘remaining’).
-banawne: (T) to make, manufacture, construct.
-banne: (I) to be made, shaped; to become.
-bhumi: (F) land, region; ground.
-budi: (F) dive.
-budi marne: to dive.
-ch: (emphatic particle suffix) just, only, etc.
-chalne: (I) to walk, move, go, proceed.
-che: (possessive suffix) its, one’s, etc.
-chikatne: (I) to stick, adhere.
-chikatun rahne: to (continue to) stick or adhere to.
-dakhawne: (T) to demonstrate, show.
-dene (past -dile): (T) to give, let, allow.
-dhyey: (N) aim, ideal, objective, goal.
-drishti: (F) sight; vision; point of view, perspective.
-dusre: second, other, another.
-ek: one, a.
-ekhade: someone, anyone; some, any.
-ghene (past -ghetle): (T) to take; to seize; to attain.
-gung: absorbed (in an activity).
-ha/-hi/-he/-hya: he/she, it, this; they, these.
-hastgat: gone into the hands of, taken possession of.
-hat: (M) hand; arm.
-hatpay: (M Pl) hands and feet; arms and legs.
-hi: (emphatic particle suffix) too, also, even, likewise.
-hone: (past -jhale): (I) to become, happen, occur.
-ichchha: (F) wish, desire, longing.
-Ishwar: (M) God.
-jane (past -gele): (I) to go, go on.
-jar: if (-jar ... tar: if ... then (jar sometimes omitted)).
-jo/-ji/-je/-jya: he/she who, that which; those who.
-jewha: when (jewha ... tewha: ‘when ... then’).
-jhale: became, happened, occurred, finished.
-kade: (post) at, to, towards; belonging to.
-kahi: some(thing), any, a few.
-kal: (M) time; duration.
-karne (past -kele): (T) to do, make.
-karya: (N) task, work, action (karyakshetra ‘sphere of action’).
-kautuk: (N) making much of, admiration (kautuk karne ‘to admire’).
-khol: deep (-kholat ‘in the depth’).
-khule: open.
-ki: that.
-kinara: (M) margin, border, shore, coast.
-koni: somebody, anybody.
-konte: which, what (-kontech ‘whatsoever’).
-kshetra: (N) area; field, locality; sphere, domain.
-lagne:(R) to require; (2nd verb) (R) to be forced to (“have to”).
-lat: (F) wave.
-lok: (M Pl) people, folk.
-madat: (F) help (madat karne ‘to help’).
-magne: absorbed in.
-mahit: known (mala mahit ahe ‘I know’).
-mala: to/for me.
-man: (N) mind, heart.
-manus: (M; neuter in plural: manase) man, human.
-manushya: (M) man, human.
-marne: (T) to beat, strike; to throw at etc (used variously in idioms).
-maryada: (F) limit, boundary; limitation.
-maryadit: limited.
-masti: (F) intoxication.
-mhanje: that is (to say), meaning (defining) “is”.
-mi: I, me.
-milawne: (T) to earn, obtain, acquire.
-milne: (R) to get, obtain, receive (milale nahi ‘wasn’t obtained’).
-mol: (N) price, worth.
-moti: (M) pearl.
-mule: (post) because of, due to.
-murkh: (M) idiot, fool.
-na: not (neg. particle); without (na karta ‘without doing’).
-nahise: disappeared (nahise hone ‘to disappear, vanish’).
-nahwte: wasn’t (spelled nawhte in Devanagari).
-nantar: afterwards, later on; (post) after.
-nare: (verbal suffix) the one doing (karnara ‘the doer’).
-nasne: (I) to not be; “to be lacking”.
-pahne (past -pahile): (T) to see, look at, perceive.
-paiki: (post) from among; of that number.
-pan: but; also; yet, nevertheless.
-pana: (M suff) -ness (abstract noun-maker).
-panbudya: (M) diver.
-pani: (N) water.
-parangat: proficient.
-parantu: but, yet, however.
-parat: back, again, in return (parat yene ‘to come back, return’).
-parinam: (M) effect, result.
-pay: (M) foot; leg.
-payi: afoot, on foot (payi chalnara (M) ‘walker’).
-pharak: (M) difference, change.
-pohne (past: -pohole): (I) to swim, float.
-pohochne: (I) to arrive, reach, get to.
-prakar: (M) sort, kind, type of thing.
-prakare: in a manner or way (asha prakare ‘in such/like manner’).
-pramane: (post) according to; like.
-pratham: in the first place, at first; first.
-prawin: expert.
-prayal: (M) strenuous exertion.
-premi: (M) lover.
-purn: whole, entire, full, complete, perfect.
-purnatwa: (N) wholeness, perfection, completeness.
-purntya: (Hindi) completely, entirely, perfectly.
-purush: (M) man, male.
-rahne (past -rahile): (I) to live, stay, remain; (2nd verb) continue, keep.
-rupi: (suff) having the form or appearance of.
-sadguru: (M,F) Sadguru, Perfect Master, Qutub.
-sagar: (M) sea, ocean.
-saman: equal, alike, “the same”.
-samudra: (M) sea, ocean.
-sarkhe: (post) like, similar to, equal to.
-sarne: (T) to push, push aside.
-sathi: (post) for, for the sake of.
-satya: (N) truth.
-shakne: (I) to be able, capable; (2nd verb) to be able to.
-shakti: (F) strength, power, energy.
-shi: (post) to/at; with.
-shikne: (S) to learn, study.
-shodh: (M) search.
-shodh karne: to search for.
-shodhne: (T) to seek, search/look for.
-smaran: (N) memory, recollection.
-smaran hone: to be reminded of, remember.
-sthan: (N) place; status, position.
-suru: started, begun.
-suru karne: to start something, begin.
-suruwat: (Fi) beginning, start (suruwat karne ‘to begin’).
-suruwatila: in the beginning.
-swatha: oneself; by oneself, on one’s own.
-swathache: one’s own, of oneself.
-tal: (M) bottom.
-tar: then, consequently (see jar ... tar).
-tewha: then, at that time.
-thang: (M) bottom, depth.
-tithe: there (tithech ‘right there’).
-titke: that much/many, so much.
-to/-ti/-te/-tya: he/she, it, that; they, those.
-tond: (N) opening; mouth; face.
-tond dene: to face.
-tyache (plural: -tyanche): his, its.
-tyala (plural: tyana): to or for him/it.
-wel: (F) period of time; occasion.
-weli: in/at time (tya weli ‘at that time’).
-udi: (F) jump, leap.
-udi ghene: to jump, leap.
-ulhas: (M) joy; enthusiasm.
-ulhasit karne: to delight.
-uthal: shallow.
-utsahit: enthusiastic; delighted (utsahit karne ‘to encourage’).
-wa: and (short form).
-war: up, upwards; (post) on, over, above; at, to, toward.
-watel: as one feels (so).
-watne:(R) to feel, think, seem, appear (mala watte ‘it seems to me’).
-widya: (F) knowledge; branch of learning..
-wisarne: (S) to forget (wisarun jane ‘to completely forget’).
-yene (past -ale): (I) to come; to become, befall, occur.
*English-Marathi Dictionary*
Taken from Berntsen & Nimbkar, Sanjay’s “Learn Marathi in 30 days”, etc.
Note: Cross-check with English synonyms to ensure that you found the correct
Marathi equivalent of the English word that you were searching for. Nouns are
denoted by gender, postpositions by a preceding dash, verbs by a following dash.
Abbrevs: (M), (F), (N): gender; (T), (I): (R) transitive, intransitive, reverse verbs.
A abroad: pardeshala.
able: samarth; (possible) shakya. absent: gairhajar.
*able, be: (R) shak-, sadh-, jam-. *absent, to be: nas-.
Aborigine: adiwasi (M) absolutely: ajibat, purnpane.
about (approx.): jawal jawal, sumare. *absorb:
about: -baddal, -babat, -wishayi. 1. shosh-, shoshun ghe-.
above: war, warti; -war. 2. (learn) atmasat kar-.
Abundance: relchel (F). adult: praudh.
abundant: bharpur. Advance: ædwhans (M).
*accept: swikar-, swikar/manya kar-. advance (in adv.): agau.
*acceptable, be: (R) chal-, pat-. *advance: pudhe ja-, pudhe kar-.
Acceptance: swikar (M). Advantage: phayda (M).
accepted: manya. Adventure: sahas (M).
Accident: apghat (M). adventure (spirit of adv.): dhadas.
Accomodation (facility): (F) soy. adverse: pratikul.
*accompany to destination: pochaw-. Advertisement: jahirat (F).
accord (of one’s own acc.): apan houn. Advice: salla (M); updesh (M).
according to: -pramane. *advise: salla de-.
Account: Affection: prem (N); apulaki (F).
1. (bank) khate (N). *afford: (R) parwad-.
2. (calculation) hishob (M). afraid: ghabarlele; bhyaylele.
account (on acc. of): -nimitt. *afraid, to be: bhi-; ghabar-; (R) bhiti
Accountant: akauntant (M,F). wat-.
*accumulate: after: nantar; -war, -magun.
1. (I) sach-, sath-, tumb-; after (immed. aft.): pathopath,
2. (T) sachaw-, sathaw-. magomag.
accurate: achuk. Afternoon: dupar (F).
Ache: duhakh (N). afternoon (in the aft.): dupari.
*ache (be painful): dukh-. afternoon (this aft.): aj dupari.
Acquaintance afterwards: nantar; tyanantar.
1. (with person) olakh (F); parichay again: parat; punha.
(M). against: wiruddh.
2. (with subject or thing): mahiti (F). Age: way (N).
acquaintance (of one’s acq.): olakiche. aged: wayask; mhatare.
*acquainted with (to be): olakh-. ago (a while ago): maghashi.
*acquire: milaw-. *agree: kabul kar-, manya kar-.
acquired: milawlele; prapt. *agree with (suit): (R) manaw-.
Acre: ekar (M); per acre: ekri. agreed: kabul; manya.
Acting: abhinay (M). Agreement: ekmat (N); (contract)
Action: kriya (F); kriti (F). karar (M).
active: chapal; udyogi. Agriculture: sheti (F).
Activities: kamkaj (N). ahead: pudhe.
Activity: udyog (M); (motion) halchal ahead of: -pudhe.
(F). Aid: madat (F).
Actor: nat (M). Air: hawa (F).
Actress: nati (F). Airplane: wiman (N).
actually: wastawik; kharokhar. Airport: wimantal (M).
*add: berij kar-, berij ghal-. Aim (goal, purpose): dhyey (N).
Addition: berij (F). Alarm: gajar (M); (calamity) sankat
addition (in add. to): -shiway. (F).
additional: ankhi. Alarm clock: gajarache ghadyal (N).
Address (of house, etc): patta (M). Alcohol (beverage): daru (F).
Administration: karbhar (M). alike: sarkhe.
*admit: kabul kar- alive: jiwant.
*adopt: dattak ghe-. all: sagle; sarwa; -bhar.
adopted: dattak. all (of all/ in all): saglyat, sarwat.
Adult: motha manus (M). all right: thik (ahe); bare (ahe).
Alley: galli (F). anybody: konihi.
Allowance: bhatta (M). anymore: ankhi.
almost: jawal jawal. anything: kahihi.
Alms: bhik (F); bhiksha (F). anywhere: kuthehi.
*alms, to give: bhiksha ghal-. Ape: wanar (N,M).
alone: ekte. *appear: (R) dis-, wat-, bhas-.
along: sobat; barobar; (near) warun. Appearance: disne, rup (N); bhas (M).
along with: -sobat, -barobar. Appetite: bhuk (F).
alongside: shejari. *applaud: wahwa kar-.
aloud: mothyane. Applause: wahwa (F).
Alphonso mango: hapus. Apple: sapharchand (N).
already: agodarach, adhich. Appliance: upkaran (N).
also: suddha; dekhil; -pan, -hi, - Application: arj (M).
suddha. *applied, to be: lag-.
*alter: (T) badal-. *apply: arj kar-; (put on) law-.
Alteration: badal (M); pharak (M). *appoint: nem-; nemnuk kar-.
although ... nevertheless: jari ... tari. Appointment: nemnuk, wel (F).
altogether: ekandar; ekun, sarwa *approach: jawal ja-.
milun. approximately: andaje, sadharan,
always: nehmi; sada. sumare
American: amerikan. sumaras, jawalpas, jawaljawal.
among: -paiki. Approximation: sumar (M).
among ... selves: apapsat. Area: kshetraphal (N); (region) bhag
Amount: rakkam (F). (M).
*amused, to feel: (R) maja wat-. *argue: wad kar-, charcha kar-.
Amusement: maja (F); karamnuk (F). Argument: wad (M); (quarrel) bhandan
Ancestors: wadwadil (M Pl); purwaj (N).
(M). Arithmetic: ganit (N).
ancient: prachin. Arm: hat (M); (upper arm) dand (M).
and: ani, an; (&) wa. Army: sainya (N); lashkar (N).
and so forth: wagaire. around: -bhowti.
Anger: chid (F); rag (M). *around, to get: hind-, phir-.
angry: ragawlele; chidlele. *arrange:
*angry, to be: ragaw-; chid-; rag ye-. 1. (set up, lay out): mand-, that-,
Animal: janawar (N); prani (M). rach-.
Anise: badishep (F). 2. (make arrangements): soy (etc)
Ankle: ghota (M). kar-.
Annihilation: sarwanash (M). *arranged, be: thar-.
Anniversary: wadhdiwas (M). Arrangement:
*announce: jahir kar-. 1. (laying out) mandni (F).
announced: jahir. 2. (prep) tajwij, wyawastha, rachna
Annoyance: toshis (F); katkat (F); tras (F).
(M). 3. (convenience): soy (F).
annual: warshik. Arrest: atak (F).
another: dusre, ankhi. *arrest: atak kar-.
Answer: uttar (N). *arrive: poch-, ye-.
*answer: uttar de-. Arrogance: garwa (M).
Ant: mungi (F); (big) mungla (M). arrogant: garwishth.
anxious: utsuk, kaljit. Art: kala (F).
any(thing): kahi. Article:
1. (thing) wastu (F); gosht (F); jinnas 1. (mother’s sister) mawshi (F).
(M). 2. (father’s sister) atya (F).
2. (piece of luggage) dag (M); nag 3. (mother’s brother’s wife) mami
(M). (F).
3. (piece of food) jinnas (M); padarth 4. (father’s brother’s wife) kaki, kaku
(M). (F)
4. (piece of writing) lekh (M). auspicious: shubh.
artificial: kritrim. Author: lekhak (M); Authoress:
Artisan: karagir (M). lekhika (F).
Artist: kalakar (M). Authority (power): adhikar (M).
as: mhanun; pramane. automatically: apsukh.
as ... as: jase ... tase. Automobile: motar (F).
Asafoetida: hing (M). available: uplabdh.
Ascent: chadh (M). *available, be: mil-, uplabdh ho-.
Ascetic: sadhu (M); sannyasi (M). Avenue: marg (M).
Ashes: rakh (F). average: (ordinary) samanya.
Ashram: ashram (M). *avoid: (T) tal-, chukaw-.
*ask: wichar-. *avoided, to be: (I) tal-, chuk-.
*ask for: mag-. awake: jage.
asleep: jhoplele; nijlele. *awake, to remain: jag-, jage rah-.
*asleep, to fall: jhop-; nij-. *awaken: (T) uthaw-, jage kar-.
*assist: madat kar-. *aware, to be: (R) janiw as-.
Assistant: madatnis (M). Awareness: janiw (F).
Association: away: dur.
1. (club) mandal (N). awfully: bhayankar.
2. (contact) sambandh (M); sahwas Axe: kurhad (F).
(M). Axle: æksal (M).
*assume: grihit dhar-. B
assumed: grihit. Babble: badbad (F).
Assurance: ashwasan (N). *babble: badbad kar-.
astringent: turat. Baby: bal (N); mul (N).
at: -jawal, -pashi, -kade, -la. Back: (of body) path (F).
at all: ajibat. back: parat; mage, pathimage.
at least: nidan; matra. back (in the b.): -mage, -pathimage.
at once: ekdam; tabadtob. backward (socially): magaslele.
Athlete: kheladu (M). Backyard: paras (M).
Atmosphere: watawaran (N). bad:
*attach: law-, basaw-. 1. wait; bekar.
Attack: halla (M). 2. (rotten) kharab
*attack: halla kar-. 3. (wicked) dusht.
Attempt: prayatna (M). 4. (naughty) wede.
*attempt: prayatna kar-. *bad, to feel: (R) wait wat-.
Attention: laksh (N). Bag: pishwi (F); thaili (F); peti (F);
*attention, pay: laksh de-. bæg (F).
Attitude: manowritti (F). Bakery: bekari (F).
attractive: akarshak. Balance: tol (M); (remainder) shillak
Attraction: akarshan (N). (F).
Auction: lilaw (M). balanced: samtol.
Audience: shrote (M Pl). *balk: khalkhal kar-
Aunt:
Ball: chendu (M); (round object) gola Beard: dadhi (F).
(M). *beard, grow/wear: dadhi thew-.
Balloon: phuga (M). Beast: pashu (M).
Bamboo: bambu (M). *beat: mar-.
Ban: bandi (F). Beating: mar (M).
Banana: kele (N). *beating, get: mar kha-.
Band: (strip) patti (F); (group) toli (F). beautiful: sundar; (of a place) ramya.
Bandage: patti (F). beautifully: sundar ritine.
*bang: apat- because: karan.
Bangle: bangdi (F). because of: -mule.
Bank: *become: ho-; ban-.
2. (stream, etc) kath (M), kinara (M). *become (be fitting): (R) shobh-.
3. (financial) bænk (F). Bed: palang (M); khat (F).
Banyan tree: wad (M); wadache jhad *bed, go to: nij-, jhop-.
(N). *bed, to make a: anthrun ghal-.
Bar: (soap, etc) wadi (F). Bedbug: dhekun (M).
Barber: nhai, nhawi (M). Bedding: anthrun (N); bichhana (M).
Bargain: sauda (M). Bedroll: walkati (F).
*bargain: sauda kar-. Bedroom: jhopaychi kholi (F).
Bargaining: Bedspread: chadar (F).
1. sauda (M). Beedi: bidi (F).
2. (haggling) ghasaghis (F). Beef: biph (N).
Bark: (tree) sal (F). Beer: biar (F).
*bark: (dog) bhunk kar-, bhunk-. Beet: bit (M);.
Barrel: pimp (N); pip (N). before: purwi, adhi, agodar.
Base: paya (M); (basis) adhar (M). before: -purwi, -adhi, -agodar.
based: adharit. *beg: bhik mag-; bhiksha mag-.
bashful: lajre. Beggar: bhikari (M,F).
Bashfulness: laj (F). *begin: (T) chalu kar-; suru/surwat
basically: mulat. kar-.
Basil: (holy) tulashi (F); (ordinary) *begin: (I) chalu ho-; suru ho-.
sabji (F) *begin (2nd verb): lag-.
Basket: topli (F); pati (F); hara (M). Beginning: surwat/suruwat (F);
Bath: anghol (F); (bathing) snan (N). arambh (M)
*bathe: (I) anghol kar-; (T) anghol begun: suru.
ghal-. behalf (on beh. of): -tarph, -marphat.
Bathing space: mori (F). *behave: wag-.
Bathroom: bathrum (F); snangrih (N). *behave properly: shist pal-.
Bathroom (toilet): toylet (M), sandas Behavior: wagnuk (F), wagne (N).
(M). behind: mage; pathimage.
Battle: ladhai (F). behind: -mage, -pathimage, -ad.
Bayleaf: tej patta (M). behind (directly beh.): -magomag.
Bazaar: bajar (M); bajarhat (N). behind (from beh.): magun; -magun.
be: as- (not to be: nas-). Belief: wishwas (M).
Beach: kinara (M). *believe: man-; wishwas thew-.
Beans: (pod-type) sheng (F). Bell: ghanta (F); bel (F).
Beans: ghewda (M); (split dried) dal Belly: pot (N).
(F). *belong: -che ahe (e.g., mine: majhe
Bear: aswal (N). ahe).
*bear (suffer): sahan kar-, sos- Beloved: preyasi (F).
below: khali; -khali. Blessing: ashirwad (M).
Belt: patta (M). blind: andhale.
beneath: -khali. *block (of wood): thokla.
Bench: bak (N). Blood: rakta (N).
*bend: (I) wak-; (T) wakaw-. Bloodshed: raktapat (M).
Benefit: phayda (M); hit (N). *bloom: phul-.
bent: wakde; waklele. Blouse: polke (N); blauj (M); choli (F).
beside: shejari; lagun. Blow:
besides: shiway; kherij; -kherij. 1. war (M); phatka (M); tadakha
besides (what’s more): jhale tar. (M).
best: uttam; (best of all) sarwottam. 2. (with a fist) thosa (M); gudda (M).
*better, get: bare ho-. *blow: (w. mouth) phunk-; (breeze)
between: -madhe, -madhye (written). wah-.
beyond: -palikade. blue: nile.
Bhajan: bhajan (N). blue-green: morpankhi.
Bhakri (millet bread): bhakri (F). *blush: laj-; lajene lal ho-.
Bicycle: saykal (F). Board:
big: mothe. 1. (plank) phali (F).
big (how big): kewdhe; (so big): 2. (blackboard) phala (M).
ewdhe. 3. (council) mandal (N).
bill: (demand) bil (N); (banknote) not Boarding house, inn: khanawal (F).
(F). Boat: hodi (F); bot (F); jahaj (N).
*bind: bandh-. Bodice: choli.
binding: bandhankarak. Body: ang/ang (N); sharir (N); deh
Bird: pakshi (M); pakhru (N). (M).
Birth: janma (M). Boil: ukali (F); adhan (N).
*birth, to give (humans): balant ho-. *boil: (water) ukal-; (egg etc) ukad-.
*birth, to give (animals): wi-. *boil, come to a: ukali ye-; ukali phut-.
Birthday: wadhdiwas (M), *boil down: (T) ataw-; (I) at-.
janmadiwas (M). Bolt: (door) kadi (F); (cloth) taga (M).
Biscuit: biskit (N). Bond: bandhan (N).
*bite: chaw-. Bone: had (N).
biting: Book: pustak (N).
1. (pungent) tikhat. bookish: pustaki.
2. (cold) chawre; jhombre. Border: (edge) kath (M); (limit) hadd
bitter: kadu; kadwat. (F).
Bitter gourd (carela): dodka (F). Boredom: kantala (M).
Bitterness: kadwatpana (M). boring: kantalwane.
black: kale. *born, be: janm-, janma ho-.
Black pepper: kali miri (F). *borrow: usne ghe-.
Blackboard: phala (M). borrowed: usne.
blackish: kalpat. both: donhi; (of persons) doghe.
Blacksmith: lohar (M). Bother: katkat (F); tras (M); toshis (F).
Blade (grass) kadi (F); (knife) pate Bottle: batli (F).
(N). Bottom: tal (M).
Blame: dosh (M); waitpana (M). bottom: khalche.
*blame: dosh de-. Bowl: sat (M); (small metal) wati (F).
bland (of food): phikke; alni. Box: khoke (N); peti (F); daba (M);
blank: kore. baks (F).
Blemish: dag (M). Boy: mulga (M); porga (M).
Boycott: bahishkar (M). Buffalo: mhais (F); reda (M).
Brahman: brahman (MF). Buffalo calf: redku.
Braid: weni (F). *build: bandh-.
Brain: mendu (M). Building: imarat (F).
Branch: Bulb: (light) balb; (flower) kanda (M).
1. (tree) phandi (F). Bull: bail (M); (young) khond (M).
2. (organization) shakha (F). Bullet: goli (F).
brass: pital, pitali. Bulletin: warta (F).
brave: shur. Bullock: bail (M); (team) bailjodi (F).
Bravery: shaurya (N). Bullock cart: bailgadi (F).
bravo!: shabas! Bun: ban (M).
Bread: paw (M); bred (F,M); (sliced) Bunch:
batar. 1. (fruit) ghad (M).
Breadth: rundi (F); jadi (F). 2. (leafy veg) pendhi (F), jadi (F).
*break: phod-, mod-, phut-; (snap) tut-. Bundle: gaththa (M); gathode (N).
*break down: dhasal-. Bungalow: bangla (M).
*break down, for a car to: brekdaun Burden: ojhe (N); boja (M).
ho-. Burial: daphan (N).
Breakfast: nyahari (F); nashta (M). *burn: (I) jal-; (T) jal-, petaw-.
Breast: burned, to be: jalale, bhajlele.
1. (chest): chhati (F). burning:
2. (female) stan (M). 1. (smarting) ag.
Breath: shwas (M); dam (M). 2. (from fever, heat of the sun)
*breath, to get out of: (R) dam lag-. talakhi.
*breathe: shwas ghe-. 3. (cremation) dahan.
Bribe: lach (F). *bury: pur-.
Brick: wit (F). Bus: bas (F); gadi (F).
brick (made of brick): witeche. Bus-stand: stænd (M).
Bride: nawri; wadhu (F). Bush: jhudap/jhudup (N); jhad (N).
Bridegroom: nawra, war (M). Business:
Bridge: pul (M). 1. (commerce) wyapar (M).
bright: chakchakit, satej; tejaswi. 2. (trade, profession) dhanda (M).
bright (intelligent) hushar. 3. (affairs) wyawahar (M).
Brilliance: tej (N). Businessman: wyapari (M).
brilliant: tejaswi. busy: kamat; gadbadit; (phone) engejd.
*bring: an-; gheun ye-. but: pan; parantu.
broad: (wide) rund; (thick) jad. Butcher: khatik (M).
broken-down: brekdaun. Butter: loni (N); (spread) makhan (N).
Broker: dalal (M). Butterfly: phulpakhru (N).
brooding (of a hen) khuduk. Buttermilk: tak (N).
Broom: jhadu (M); kersuni (F); Button: batan (N); gundi (F).
kharata (M). *buy: (wikat) ghe-; kharedi kar-.
Brother: bhau (M). by (near): jawal, bajune; -jawal.
Brother-in-law: mehuna (M). by means of: -ne/ni; -tun.
Brother’s wife: wahini (F). C
brown: tapkiri; chakaleti. Cabbage: kobi (F).
*brush: jhad-. Cabinet: kapat (N).
*brush off: jhatak-. Cafeteria: mes (F).
*brush (one’s teeth): dat ghas-. Cage (for food storage etc): pinjara
Bucket: badli (F). (M).
Cake: kek (M). *carry: gheun ja-; wahun ne-; ne-;
Calamity: sankat (N). wah-.
Calculation: hishob (M); ganit (N). *carry around: balag-.
Calculator: kælkyuletar (M). Cart: gadi (F); (pushcart) gada (M).
Calf: wasru (N); khond (M); kalwad Case (matter) prakaran (N).
(F). case (in that case): tar mag; tya
Call: hak (F). babatit.
*call: bolaw-, hak mar-; (name) mhan- Cash: rokh rakkam (F); rokh paise (M
. Pl).
Camel: unt (M). *cash: (T) wataw-.
Camera: kæmara (M). Cash memo: rokhichi pawti.
Camp: (encampment) chhawni (F). *cashed, to be: (I) wat-
*camp: tal de-. Cashew: kaju (M).
Campaign: mohim (F). Caste: jat (F).
Can: daba (M). casually: sahaj.
*can (be able): shak-. Cat: manjar (N); billi (F); boka (M).
Canal: kalwa (M); kænal (M). *catch (grab): pakad-; dhar-.
*cancel: radd kar- Cattle (beasts): gure (N Pl).
cancelled: radd. *caught, be: sapad-.
Candidate: umedwar (M). Cauliflower: phulkobi (phulwar) (M).
Candle: menbatti (F). Cause: karan (N); nimitt (N).
Canister: daba (M). cautiously: sawadhpane.
Cantonment: lashkar (N). Cave: (natural) guha (F); (temple) lena
Cap: topi (F); (of a pen) topan (N). (N).
capable: karyaksham; samarth. Ceiling: chhat (N); adhe (N).
capable: -yogya, -jogte, -joge. *celebrate: sajare kar-.
Capital: celebrated: prasiddh.
1. (city) rajdhani (F). Celebration: samarambh (M).
2. (funds) bhandwal (N); muddal Center: madhya (M); kendra (N).
(N). Center (shopping etc): sentar (N).
Capitalist: bhandwaldar (M). centered: kendrit.
Car: motar (F), gadi (F). Century: shatak (N).
Caraway seed: shaha jire (N). Ceremony:
Card: kard (N); (playing card) patta 1. samarambh (M).
(M). 2. (religious) karya (N).
*cards, to play: patte khel-. certainly: jarur; awshya; nakki.
Cardamom: ilachi (F). Certainty: khatri (F).
care: kalji. Certificate: dakhla (M); pramanpatra
*care for: pos-. (N).
* care of, take: sambhal-; kalji ghe-. Chain: sankhali (F); (series) malika
Career: kariyar (F). (F).
carefree: nishchint. Chair: khurchi (F).
carefully: japun; sambhalun; Chalk: khadu (M).
kaljipurwak Chance: daiwyog (N).
careless: nishkalji; bephikir. Change:
Carelessness: nishkaljipana (M). 1. badal (M).
Carpenter: sutar (M). 2. (money) mod (F), sute paise (M
Carpet: galicha (M); satranji (F). Pl)
Carrot: gajar (N). *change: badal-.
Chapati: chapati (F); poli (F).
Chappal: chappal (F). Circumstances: paristhiti (F).
Chapter: prakaran (N). Citizen: nagarik (M).
Charge: City: shahar (N); nagar (N).
1. (accusation): arop (M). Claim: dawa (M).
2. (expense) kharch (M); (fare) *claim: dawa kar-; hakk sang-.
bhade (N). Class: warg (M); (in school) iyatta (F).
*charge (accuse): arop thew-. classical: shastriya.
Chase: pathlag (M). Clause: mudda; kalam.
*chase: pathlag kar-. clean: swachchh; saph.
*chat: gappa mar-. *clean: swachchh kar-; saph kar-.
Chatting: gappa (F Pl). *clean grain: niwad-.
cheap: swast; (common) sawang. *clean house: jhadlot kar-.
Cheating: phaswaphaswi (F). *clean a vegetable: nis-.
Check: (bank, bill) chek (M). Cleaning: saphsaphai (F).
*check: (examine) tapas-; chek kar-. Cleanliness: swachchhata (F).
*check: (contain) thambaw-; thopaw- Clerical work: karkuni (F).
Checkbook: chekbuk (N). Clerk: karkun (M); klark (M).
checkered: chauktiche. clever: hushar; chalakh, shahana.
Cheek: gal (M). Cliff: kada (M).
Cheese: chij (F); (cottage) paner (F). Climate: hawa (F), hawaman (N).
Chess: buddhibal (N). Climb: chadh (M).
Chest: *climb: chadh-.
1. (breast) chhati (F). *climb down: utar-.
2. (box) peti (F), sanduk (F). Clippers: katri (F).
Chicken: kombdi (F). Clock: ghadyal (N).
Chickpea (gram) flour: besan (N) close: jawalche; close by: jawal.
Chief: pramukh (M); (chieftain) nayak *close: (shut) law-, band kar-; (eyes)
(M). mit-.
chief: (main) mukhya; pramukh. closed: band; lawlele; mitlele.
chiefly: mukhyatha. Closeness: jawalik (F); apulaki (F).
Child: mul (N); bal (N); por (N); lekru Cloth: kapad (N).
(N). Cloth:
Childhood: balpan (N); lahanpan (N). 1. (rag) phadke (N).
childish: porkat. 2. (floor cloth) pochara/potere (N).
Chili pepper: (lal/hirwi) mirchi (F). Clothes: kapde (M Pl).
Chili powder (spicy): tikhat (N). Clothing:
Chills: thandi (F). 1. (item) kapda (M).
*chills, to get: thandi wajun ye-. 2. (set of) poshakh (M).
Choice: niwad (F); ichchha (F); Cloud: dhag (M); abhra (N).
pasanti (F). cloudless: nirabhra; cloudy: dhagal.
*choose: niwad-; niwad kar-. Clove: lawang (F).
*chop: Club:
1. (fine): barik kap-. 1. klab (M); mandal (N).
2. (into pieces) tukde kap- 2. (sports) jimkhana (M).
Church: charch (N). Clutter: pasara (M).
Cigarette: sigaret; sigret (F); (beedi) Coal: kolsa (M).
bidi (F) Coat: kot (M).
Cinema: sinema, chitrapat (M); philm Cobra: nag (M).
(F). Cockroach: jhural (N).
Cinnamon: dalchini (F).
Coconut: naryal (M); (dried) khobre 2. (being together) sahawas (M);
(N). sobat (F).
Coffee: kaphi (F). *compare: tulna kar-.
Coin: nane (N). Comparison: tulna (F).
Cold: Competition: spardha (F); ahmahmika
1. thandi (F), gartha (M). (F).
2. (headcold) sardi (F), padse (N). Competitive event: spardha (F).
cold (feeling): gar; thand, thandi *complain: takrar kar-.
*cold, to feel: (R) thandi waj-. Complaining: orada (M); takrar (F).
Collar: kalar (F). complaining, given to: radka.
Colleague: sahakari (M). Complaint: takrar (F).
*collect: complete:
1. (I) jam-; gola ho-; sach-. 1. (entire) sabandh; sampurn.
2. (T) jamaw-; jama/gola kar-; 2. (finished) purn.
sachaw-. *complete: sampaw-; pure/purn kar-.
3. (demand payment) wasul kar-. completely: purnpane; sampurn; purte.
collected: jama; gola. par; agdi; ajibat.
College: kalej (N). Complication: guntagunt (F); bhangad
Collision: takkar (F). (F).
Colony: (housing) kalani (F); wasahat Compromise: tadjod (F).
(F). Compulsion: sakti (F).
Color: rang (M). Computer: kampyutar (M).
*color: rangaw-. *conceal: (T) lapaw-.
colored: rangit. *concealed, to be: (I) lap-.
Comb: kangwa (M); phani (F). *concentrate (mind): ekagra kar-.
*comb: winchar-. Concert: maiphal (F).
*come: ye-; (come back) parat ye-. Concession: sawlat (F).
*come down (descend): utar-. Conclusion: nishkarsh (M).
*come off/out: nigh-. *conclusion, to draw a: nishkarsh
*come on: chala. kadh-.
*come undone: sut-. Condition: sthiti (F); at (F).
Comfort: aram (M. Conference: parishad (F); sabha (F).
*comfort: (console) santwan kar- Confidence: khatri (F); wishwas (M).
comfortable: aramshir. Confluence: sangam (M).
comfortably: aramat. Confusion: ghotala (M); gondhal (M).
comic (funny): winodi. Congratulation: abhinandan (N).
coming: yete. *connected, to get: lag-.
Command: hukum (M); adnya (F). Connection: (relationship) sambandh
Committee: samiti (F). (M).
common: *conquer: mat kar-; jink-.
1. samanya; sarwasamanya; sumar. Consciousness: shuddhi (F); janiw (F).
2. (in poor taste) sawang. Consent: manyata (F).
commonly: samanyatha. *consider: wicharat ghe-.
commonplace: samanya; sumar. constant: sarkhe, nitya.
Community: (society) samaj (M). constantly: sarkhe.
Companionship: sangat, maitri, sobat Constitution: (of country etc) ghatna
(F). (F).
company: Constraint: sankoch (M).
1. (firm) kampani (F). Construction: bandhkam (N).
Consumer: grahak (M).
Contact: sampark, sparsh, sambandh Copy: prat (F); kapi (F); nakkal (F).
(M) Coriander: kothmir (F); (seed) dhane
*contact, to come in: (I) lag-, sparsh (M).
ho-. Cork: (stopper) buch (N).
*contact, to make: (T) law- sparsh kar- Corn (maize): maka (M).
. Corner: kopra (M).
Contention: wad (M); bhandan (N). correct: thik; barobar; achuk; shuddh.
Contest: spardha (F); ahmahmika (F). *correct:
Continent: khand (M). 1. durust kar-.
continually: waramwar, rahun rahun. 2. (check, as exam papers) tapas-.
continuous: satat. correctly: barobar.
continuously: sarkhe; eksarkhe. corroborative: poshak.
Contract: kantrat, kantrækt (N); karar Cost:
(N) 1. (price) kimmat (F);
Contraction: sankoch (M). 2. (expense) kharch (M).
Contractor: kantratdar, kantræktar *cost: paise pad-.
(M). costly: mahag; bhari.
contrary (on the contrary): -ulat. cosy (warm): ubdar.
Contribution: wargni (F). Cot: khat (F).
Control: Cottage: bangla (M).
1. (regulation) niyantran (N). Cotton:
2. (power to control) taba (M). 1. (crop) kapus (M); kapashi (F).
*control: niyantran thew-; taba thew-. 2. (thread) sut (N); dora (M).
*control, keep under: tabyat thew-. cotton (material): suti.
*control (keep within limits): ala (M) Cough: khokla (M).
ghal-. *cough, to have a: (R) khokla ye-.
Convenience: soy (F). Council: (village) panchayat (F).
convenient: soyiskar; soyiche. *count: moj-.
Conversation: sanwad (M); Country: desh (M); (nation) rashtra
sambhashan (N) (N).
*convince: (T) pataw-. country (all over the cou.): deshbhar.
*convinced, to be: (R) pat-. Courage: himmat (F); dhairya (N);
Cook: saipaki (M), saipakin (F); achari dhir (M).
(M). courageous: shur; dhairyawan.
*cook: Court: (legal) kort (N); (royal) darbar
1. (I) shij-; (T) shijaw-. (M).
2. (cook by boiling) ukhad-. Cover: jhakan (N); (sheet) panghrun
3. (do cooking) saipak kar-. (N).
cooked: shijle. *cover: jhak-; panghrun ghe-; panghar-
Cookie: biskit (N). .
Cooking: saipak (M). Cow: gay (F).
Cooking stove: stowh (M); chul, cowardly: bhitre.
shegdi (F). Cowdung: shen (N).
cool: gar. Crack: tada (M); chir (F).
*cool down: niw-. *crack: tadak-; tada ja-.
Coolie (porter): kuli (M); hamal (M). Cracker: biskit (N).
*cooperate: sahakarya kar-. Craftsman: karagir (M).
cooperative: sahakari. *cram in: komb-.
Cooperation: sahkarya (N); sahkar Cramp: kal (F); phetka (M).
(M). Crate: khoke (N).
crazy: wede; wedgal; wed laglele. Customer: girhaik (N); grahak (F).
Cream: Cut: (wound) jakham (F); (blow) war
1. (milk) say, malai (F). (M).
2. (cold cream) krim (F). *cut: kap-; chir-.
Cremation: dahan (N). *cut down (pluck): tod-.
Cricket: kriket (N). D
Crime: gunha (M); gunhegari (F). daily: roj, darroj; (of the day) rojache.
Criminal: gunhegar (M). Dal (cooked pulse): waran (N).
crippled: Dam: dharan (N); bandhara (M).
1. apang. Damage: nuksan (N); hani (F).
2. (lame) langde. *damage: nuksan kar-.
3. (paralyzed) lule. damp: ole; damat.
crisp: kurkurit. Dampness: ole, sardi (F); damatpana
*criticise: tika kar-. (M).
crooked: Dance: nach (M); nritya (F).
1. (bent) wakde. *dance: nach-; nach kar-.
2. (slanting) tirke. Danger: dhoka (M), sankat (N).
3. (scheming): labad. dangerous: dhokyache.
Crop: pik (N). Daring: dhadas (N); dharisht (N).
cross: (ill-humored) chidkat. dark:
Cross: (“x”) phuli (F). 1. andhar.
*cross (go across): oland-; kras kar-. 2. (color) gadad.
*cross (to mark with a): phuli kar-. *dark, become: andhar pad-.
*cross out: phuli mar-. darkish: kalpat.
Crow: kawla (M). Darkness: andhar (M).
Crowd: jamaw (M); (& crowding) *dash, dash down/against: adal-; apat-.
gardi (F). Date:
crude: kachche. 1. (calendar) tarikh (F); dinank (M).
cruel: dusht. 2. (by lunar calendar) tithi (F).
*cry: rad-; (do a bird/animal cry) orad- 3. (fruit) khajur (M).
. Daughter: mulgi (F); lek (F).
crying (given to crying) radke. Daughter-in-law: sun (F).
Cuckoo: kokil (M), kokila (F). Dawn: pahat (F).
Cucumber: kakdi. Day: diwas (M); (of week) war (M).
Culture: sanskriti (F). Sunday: rawiwar;
cultural: sanskritik. Monday: somwar;
Cumin seed: jira (M). Tuesday: mangalwar;
Cup: kap (M); (metal) pela (M). Wednesday: budhwar
Cupboard: kapat (N). Thursday: guruwar;
Curds: dahi (N). Friday: shukrawar;
*cure: (make well) bare kar-. Saturday: shaniwar .
Currency note: not (F). day (all day long): diwasbhar.
Current: (flow) prawah (M). day (during the day) diwsa.
current (ongoing) chalu. day (every day): roj.
currently: sadhya; halli. day (in the day): diwashi.
Curry: bhaji (F); kalwan (N); rassa day after day: diwasendiwas.
(M). day (after tomorrow/before yest.):
Curtain: padda (M). parwa.
Custom: chal (F); rit (F); riwaj (M) dead: melele; mrit; (killed) thar.
Customs (manners): (FPl) chali-riti. deaf: bahire.
Deal (bargain): sauda (M). Desert: walwant (N), osad pradesh
Dealings: wyawahar (M). (M).
dear: priy. *deserve: patrata as-; layki as-.
Death: maran (N); nidhan (N); mrityu Design: nakshi (F); dijhain (N).
(M). *designate: mhan-.
Debt: karj (N). Desire: ichchha (F).
Decade: dashak (N). Desk: tebal (N).
*decay: nas-; kuj-. Despair: nirasha (F).
Deception: phaswaphaswi (F). despairing: nirash.
*decide: (T) tharaw-; nirnay kar-/ghe-. *destroy: nasht kar-.
*decided, to be: thar-. destroyed: nasht.
Decision: nirnay (M). Destruction: nash (M).
*decrease: kami ho-; kami kar-. Detail: tapshil (M).
deep: khol; (of color) gadad. Determination: nirdhar (M).
Deer: harin (N); bhekar (N). Development: wikas (M); pariposh
Defeat: parabhaw (M). (M).
*defecate: hag-; sandas kar-. Devotee: bhakta (M).
*defecate, go: sandasala ja-. Devotion: bhakti (F).
Defecation: sandas (M). Dhoti: dhotar (N).
Deficit: Diagnosis: nidan (N).
1. (shortage) tutawda (M). Dialogue: sanwad (M).
2. (shortfall) tut (F). Diaper: langot (M).
definite: pakke; nishchit. Diarrhea: julab (M Pl).
definitely: nakki; jarur; nishchit. *diarrhea, to have: julab ho-.
Degree: Dictator: hukumshaha (M).
1. (measure) ansh (M). Dictatorship: hukumshahi (F).
2. (academic) padwi (F); digri (F). Dictionary: shabdakosh (M);
Deity: daiwat (N); dew (M). dikshanari (F).
*delay: ushir kar-. *die: mar-; war-; maran paw-.
deliberately: janunbujun; muddam. *die(be killed) thar ho-.
delicious: swadisht. died: mele.
delicate: najuk. Diet: ahar (M).
delightful: ramya. Difference: pharak (M); antar (N).
*deliver: pochaw-. different:
delivered (a child): balant. 1. wegle, nirale.
Delivery (of a child): balantpan (N). 2. (various) wegwegle; nirnirale.
Demand: magni (F); (obstinate) hatt difficult: kathin; awghad.
(M). Difficulty: adchan (F); tras (M).
Demon: rakshas (M). *dig: khan-; khod-.
*deny: nakar-. *digest: (R) pach-; (T) pachaw-.
Department: khate (N); wibhag (M). dignity, without: lachar.
*depend on: awlamb-; awlambun as- dim: mand; aspasht.
/rah-. *dine: jew-; jewan kha-/ghe-.
Deposit: thew (F). Dinnertime: jewaychi wel (F).
*deposit: thew-; bhar-. direct: saral.
deprived: wanchit. directly: thet; paraspar.
*descend: utar-. Direction: disha (F).
*describe: warnan kar-. Director:
Description: warnan (N). 1. sanchalak (M); sanchalika (F);
2. (movie) digdarshak (M).
Dirt: ghan (F); mal (M). *divorce: ghatsphot ghe-.
dirty: ghan; ghanerde; malkae; malkat. Dizziness: chakkar (F).
*dirty: (T) malaw-. *dizzy, to feel: chakkar ye-.
*dirty, to get: (I) mal-. *do: kar-
*disappear: disenase/nahisa/gadap ho-. Dock: dhakka (M).
disappointed: nirash. Doctor: daktar (M).
Disappointment: nirasha (F). Dog: kutra (M); kutri (F); kutre (N).
Disciple: shishya (M). Doll: bahuli (F).
Discipline: shist (F). domestic: gharguti.
Discontent: asantosh (M). Domestic life: prapanch (M); samsar
Discount: sut (F). (M).
Discourse: (religious) prawachan (N). Donation: denagi (F).
*discover: shodh law-. *done, get: (I) urak-; atap-; samp-.
Discovery: shodh (M). *done, get: (T) urak-; atap-; sampaw-.
*discuss: charcha kar-. Donkey: gadhaw (N).
Discussion: charcha (F); wadwiwad Door: dar (N); darwaja (M).
(M). Doorbell: ghanta (F); bel (F).
Disease: rog (M). Dormitory: hastel (N); wastigrih (N).
Disgust: double: dabal; duppat.
1. (revulsion) kilas (F). Doubt: shanka (F), sanshay (M).
2. (contempt) titkara (M). doubtful: sashank.
Dish: down: khali.
1. (vessel) bhande (N). *down, get: utar-.
2. (food) padarth (M), jinnas (M). Dowry: hunda (M).
*dismiss: kadhun tak-. Dozen: dajhan (M).
*dispatch: pathaw-. Draft:
Dispensary: dawakhana (M). 1. (bank) drapht (M).
Display: pradarshan (N). 2. masuda (M).
Disrepair: nadurusti (F). 3. (breeze) wara (M).
Dissemination (of info): prachar (M). *drag (pull): odh-.
*dissolve: (I) wirghal-; (T) wirghalaw- Drain: mori (F); gatar (N).
. *drain: (I,T) nithal-.
distant: dur, durche. Drama: natak (N).
Distance: antar (N). *draw: kadh-.
distinct: spasht. Drawer: drawhar (M); kappa (M),
distressed: duhakhi; hawaldil. khan (M).
distribute: (T) wat-. Dream: swapna (N).
Distribution: watap (N); watni (F). *dream: swapna pah-.
District: jilha (M). Dress: phrak (M); jhaga (M); poshakh
*disturb: tras de-. (M).
Dive: sur (M). *dress: kapde ghal-; chadhaw-.
*dive: sur mar-. Drink: pey (N).
*divide: bhag kar-. *drink: pi-
Division: *drink, to give to (suckle): paj-.
1. wibhagni (F); phut (F). *drip: gal-.
2. wibhag (M); tukdi (F). *drive: chalaw-.
3. watni (F). Driver: draywhar (M); chalak (M).
4. (math) bhagakar (M). Drop: themb (M).
*divide: (math) bhag-; wibhagni kar-. *drop: (I) pad-..
Divorce: ghatsphot (M). *drop: (T) tak-; sod-.
*drown: budun mar-. Edition: awritti (F).
*drowse; peng-. educated: sushikshit.
Drum: damru, dhol, tabla, dagga (M); Education: shikshan (N).
pakhwaj, mridang (M). Effect: parinam (M).
Drumstick (food): shewga (M). efficient: karyaksham.
dry: suke; korde; wallele; ruksh. Effort:
*dry: (I) suk-; wal-. 1. yatna, prayatna (M);
*dry up: (I) at-; (T) ataw-. 2. (strenuous) atapita (M).
Duck: badak (N). effort, without: ayte; sahaj.
Dues: wargni (F). Egg: ande (N).
dull: Eggplant: wange (N).
1. (boring) kantalwane. either: (suff) hi; (... or ...) ... kiwa ...
2. (in color) majid; malkhau. elder: thorle.
3. (dull-witted) mandbuddhi, murkh. elderly: wayask; wayaskar.
dumb: *elect: niwad-; niwadun de-.
1. (mute) muke. *elected, to be: niwadun ye-.
2. (doltish) adani; murkh. Election: niwadnuk (F).
Dust: dhul (F); phupata (M). electric: wijeche.
Duty: kartawya (N). Electric light: wijecha diwa (M); lait
E (M).
each: pratyek. Electrician: wayarman (M).
each other: ekmek; paraspar. Electricity: wij (F).
eager: utsuk Elephant: hatti (M).
Ear: (hearing) kan (M); (grain) kanis else: dusre.
(N). else, or (otherwise): nahi tar.
earlier (previously): agodar, tyapurwi. else, someone: dusra koni.
earlier (in a series): adle; -adhiche. Embrace: mithi (F).
early: lawkar. *embrace: mithi mar-.
*earn: kamaw-; milaw-. Embroidery: bharatkam (N).
Earnings: milkat (F); utpann (N). Emotion: bhawna (F).
Earth: Emperor: badshaha (M).
1. (planet) prithwi (F); jamin (F); Emphasis: jor (M); bhar (M).
2. (soil) mati (F). *emphasize: jor de-; bhar de-.
Earthquake: bhukamp (M). Empire: rajya. (N)
easily: sahaj. Employee: nokar (M).
East: purwa(F). Employment:
easy: sope. 1. kam (N); nokri (F);
*eat: kha-; (eat a meal) jew-. 2. (daily) rojgar (M).
eccentric: wikshipt. Emptiness: pokli (F).
Eccentricity: wikshiptpana (M). empty: rikame; mokle.
Eclipse: grahan (N). *encourage: uttejan de-.
economic: arthik. Enemy: shatru (M).
Economy: End:
1. (thrift) katkasar (F). 1. shewat (M); akher (F).
2. arthik paristhiti (F). 2. (point) tok (N).
Edge: end (in the end): akher; akheris;
1. (knife) dhar (F). shewti.
2. kad (F); kath (M). end (at the end of):
*edit: sampadan kar-. -shewti; -akher; -chya tokala.
Editor: sampadak (M). *end (finish): (I) samp-; (T) sampaw-.
engaged: kamat; (phone or taxi) every year: darsal; darwarshi.
engejd. Everybody: saglejan, sarwajan (M Pl).
Engagement: sakharpuda (M). Everyone: sarwa/sagle lok (M Pl).
Engine: enjin (N). everything: sagle; sarwa.
Engineer: (not RR) injiniyar (M). everywhere: saglikade, sarwatra.
English: ingraji (N). Evidence: purawa (M).
*enjoy: (R) maja wat-. Examination:
*enjoy (to enjoy oneself) maja kar- 1. pariksha (F).
/mar-. 2. (medical) tapasni (F).
Enjoyment: gamat (F); maja (F). *examine: tapas-; pariksha ghe-.
enormous: prachand. Example: udaharan (N); (ideal) adarsh
enough: pure; bas; purese; kamapurte. (M).
Enquiry: chaukshi (F). example (for example): udaharanarth .
*enter: shir-; at ja-, prawesh kar-. excellent: uttam; mast.
Entertainment: karamnuk (F). except with: -shiway.
Enthusiasm: haus (F); utsah (M). excessive: phar; jast; ati.
enthusiastic: utsahi. Excitement: gadbad (F); khalbal (F).
entire: sabandh; sampurn. Excreta: gu (N); wishta (F).
Entry: prawesh (M); shirkaw (M). Excuse: sabab (F); nimitt (N).
Envelope: pakit (N). *excuse: maph kar-.
Environment: watawaran, paryawaran *excuse me: sari!
(N). Exercise: wyayam (M).
Environs: parisar (M). *exercise: wyayam kar-.
Envy: hewa (M). Exertion: shram (M Pl).
*envy: (R) hewa wat-. exhausted: damlele; thaklele.
equal: sarkhe; -barobar. *exhausted, to be: (tired out) dam-;
equal (of equal standing etc) thak-;.
barobariche Exhaustion: thakwa (M); shin (M).
Equality: barobari (F); samta (F). Expansion:
*erase: khod-. prasaran (N); wistar (M); wadh
Eraser: rabar (N); dastar (M). (F).
especially: wishesh; wisheshtha. *expect: apeksha kar-.
Essay: nibandh (M). Expectation: apeksha (F).
*establish: sthapan kar-. Expense: kharch (M).
Estate: istet (F); malmatta (F). expensive: mahag; bhari.
Estimate: andaj (F). Experience: anubhaw (M).
*estimate: andaj kar-. *experience: anubhaw-.
etcetera: wagaire; ityadi. Experiment: prayog (M).
even: -suddha, -dekhil; -hi. *experiment: prayog kar-.
even if ... then: jari ... tari. Expert: tadnya (M).
Evening: sandhyakal (F). expert (skilled): patait; kushal; sarait.
evening (in the eve.): sandhyakali. expertly: saphaine; saraitpane.
evening (this eve.): aj sandhyakali. Expiation: parimarjan (N).
Event: ghatna (F). Explanation: spashtikaran (N).
ever: (in yes/no questions) kadhi. Explosion: sphot (M).
evergreen: sadaharit; suchiparn. Export: niryat (F).
every: sarwa, sagle; pratyek. *export: niryat kar-.
every day: roj, darroj; rojache. exported: niryat.
every month: darmahina. Express: (train or bus) ekspres (F).
every other day: ek diwasad. *express: wyakt kar-.
expressed: wyakt. Fashion: phæshan (F); paddhat (F).
*extend: wadhaw-; lambaw-. Fast (abstention from food): upas (M).
*extinguish (put out): malaw-. fast: jaldi; phataphat; jorat; wegane.
extra: jada. *fasten: law-; basaw-; adakaw-.
Eye: dola (M). Fat: charabi (F).
F fat (plump): lathth; dhole; jad.
Face: tond (N); chehara (M). Fate: daiw (N); nashib (N).
*face, make a: tond kar-. Father: bap, wadil, pita (M).
Facility: Father-in-law: sasra (M).
1. (convenience) soy (F). Fatigue: shram (M Pl); shin (M).
2. (ease in performance) saphai (F). Faucet: nal (M).
Fact: khari gosht (F); wastusthiti (F). Fault:
fact (in fact) khare mhanje. 1. chuk (F), dosh (M);
Factory: karkhana (M). 2. khod (F); uniw (F).
Factory owner: karkhanadar (M). fault, at: doshi; apradhi.
*fail: ayashaswi ho-; napas ho-. faultless: nirdosh.
Failure: apyash (N). Favor: marji (F).
faint: phikat, phike; aspasht. favor (in favor of) anukul.
*faint: beshuddh pad-. favorite: awadte; ladka.
Fair: jatra (F); mela (M). Fear: bhiti (F); bhay (N).
fair: (just) nyayy; (pale skin) gore. *fear (something): (R) tyachi bhiti
Faith: wishwas (M);shraddha (F). wat-.
*faith, put (in): wishwas thew-. fearful (afraid): bhitre; bhyaylele.
*fall: pad-; (crash down) kosal-. fearless: nirbhay.
*fall off (sink) gal-, galun pad-. fearsome: bhayanak; bhitidayak.
fallen down: padke. Feast: mejwani (F); jewan (N); parti
fallow: padik. (F).
false: khote. Feather: pis (N).
*falter: adakhal-. Feces: gu (N); sandas (M); wishta (F).
familial: kautumbik. *fed up, become: waitag-, kantal-.
Family: kutumb (F); (joint) ekatra Fee: phi (F); shulk (N).
kutumb. *feel: (R) wat-, bhas-.
famous: prasiddh; suprasiddh. *feel afraid: (R) ghabar-, bhiti wat-.
Fan: pankha (M); (admirer) chahata *feel bad (about ...): (R) wait wat-.
(M). *feel cold: (R) thandi waj-.
far: dur; lamb. * feel hungry, thirsty:(R) bhuk/tahan
far (how far) kuthparyant; kiti dur, lag-.
lamb. Feeling: bhawna (F).
far (as far as): -paryant. Felicitation: abhinandan (N).
far-fetched: odhuntanun anlele. Female: madi, stri (F).
far-fetched manner, in a: odhuntanun. Fennel: (N) badishep.
far-reaching: durgami. Fenugreek:
Farce: phars (M); tamasha (M). 1. methi bhaji (F).
Fare: (charge) bhade (N); (food) ahar 2. (seeds) methi dane (M).
(M). fertile: supik; kasadar.
Farm: shet (N). Fertilizer: khat (N).
Farm produce: shetmal (M). Festival: san (M); utsaw (M).
Farmer: shetkari (M). Fever: tap (M).
Farming: sheti (F). *fever, to get a: (R) tap ye-.
*farming, to do: sheti kar-. few (a few): thode.
Field: shet (N), wawar (N); maidan Flesh: mãs (N).
(N). flexible: lawchik.
Fig: anjir (M). Flight: uddan (N).
Fight/fighting: maramari (F); ladha *float: tarang-.
(M). Flood: pur (M).
*fight: marmari kar-; ladha de-, ladh- Floor: jamin (F); (tiled) pharshi (F).
*fill: (I) bhar-; (T) bharaw-. Flour:
Filth: ghan (F); mal (M). 1. (general) pith (N).
filthy: ghan; ghanerde. 2. (wheat) kanik (F), maida (M); ata
final: shewatche; akherche. (M).
finally: shewti; akher. Flow: prawah (M).
financial: arthik; sampattik. *flow: wah-.
*find: (R) sapad-; adhal-, adhalun ye-. Flower: phul (N); pushpa (N).
*find out: shodhun kadh-. *flower: phul-.
Fine (penalty): dand (M). Flu: phlyu (M).
fine: (small) barik; (in texture) talam. fluent: saphaidar.
Finger: bot (N). fluently: askhalit; saphaidarpane.
Fingernail: (N) nakh. Fly: (insect) mashi (F).
*finish: sampaw-; purn kar-; urak-; *fly: (I) ud-; (T) udaw-.
atap-. Foam: phes (M).
*finish up: sampawun tak-. *foam: (R) phes ye-.
*finished, be: (I) samp- Focus: kendrabindu (M).
finished, done: sample. *focus: kendrit kar-.
Fire: ag (F); jal (M); wistaw (M). focused: kendrit.
*fire (to dismiss from job): kadhun Fodder: wairan (F); kadba (M).
tak-. Fog: dhuke (N).
*fire, to light a: wistaw ghal-; petaw-. Fold: ghadi (F).
Firecracker: phataka (M). *fold: ghadi kar-, ghadi ghal-.
Firewood: sarpan (N); jalan (N). Folk: lok (M Pl).
firm: ghatt, dridh; pakke, tham. *follow:
firmly: ghatt; nakki; tham. 1. magun ye-/ja-; pathlag kar-.
first: pahile; agodar; adhi; pratham. 2. (advice, orders etc) pramane kar-.
first, at: purwi, suruwatila. following: pudhle;(according to)
First aid: prathamik upchar (M). anusarun
Fish: masa (M). Food: ann, ahar (M); jewan, khane
Fisherman: koli (M); masemar (M). (N).
Fissure: bheg (F). foolish: murkh; wede.
*fit: (I) jul-, bas-; (T) julaw-, basaw-. Foolishness: murkhpana; wedepana.
*fit (as a garment): (R) bas-. Foot: pay (M); paul (N).
*fix: (repair) durust kar-; (decide) Foot (of a hill): (M) paytha.
tharaw-. foot (on foot): payi.
*fixed, to be: (I) durust ho-; thar-. for: -sathi, -karita/-karata.
Flag: jhenda (M); dhwaj (M). Force:
Flame: jwala (F). 1. shakti (F); bal (N), jor (M);
Flashlight: (F) bætri. 2. jabardasti (F).
Flat: (tire) pankchar (N). *force: lad-; (to do, etc) karayla law-.
flat (level): sapat. forced (in a f. manner): odhuntanun.
*flat tire, to fix a: pankchar kadh-. Forehead: tapal (N).
Flaxseed (linseed): jawas (M). foreign: parakiy; wideshi, paradeshi.
“edible” Foreign country: paradesh (M).
Foreman: mukadam (M). *frightened, to become: ghabar-; bhi-.
Forest: jangal (N); wan (N). Frock: phrak (M); jhaga (M).
Forest fire, range fire: wanwa (M). from: -hun, -un/tun, -pasun, -kadun.
*forget: wisar-. from above, over: -warun.
*forgive: maph kar-; kshama kar-. from inside: -atun.
Forgiveness: kshama (F). front: samorche.
Fork: front (in front of): samor; -samor.
1. (eating utensil) kata (M). Fruit: phal (N).
2. (in a tree) belke, bechke (N). Fruitvender: phalwala (M).
3. (in a road) phata (M). *fry (deep-fry): tal-.
fork, for a road to: phata phut-. Function: (ceremony) samarambh (M).
Form: *function: (run) chal-.
1. akar (M); akriti (F); rup (N). functioning, going: chalu.
2. (document) pharm (M). Fuel: jalan (N); indhan (N).
*form: (to shape) akar de-; ghadaw-. -ful: (suff) bhar.
formal: aupcharik. full: bharlele.
Fort: killi (M); (hill fort) gad (M). Fun: maja (F); gammat (F).
Fortnight: pandhrawda (M). *fun, to have: maja mar-; (R) maja ye-
fortunately: nashibane. .
Fortune: funny: majeshir; (odd) chamatkarik.
1. (fate) nashib (N); daiw (N). Furniture: pharnichar (N).
2. (future) bhawishya (N). Future: bhawishya (N); bhawishyakal
3. (wealth) sampatti (F). (M).
*found (establish): sthapan kar-. G
*found, be: sapad-. Gain: phayda (M); labh (M).
Foundation: paya (M); adhar (M). *gain: (T) milaw-; (R) mil-.
four (of persons): chaughe. Game: (sport) khel (M); (quarry)
fourth: chauthe. shikar (F)
fourth (1/4): paw; (1/4 of pie etc) Gang: toli (F).
chatkor. Garage: gærej (N); warkshap (N).
Frame: chaukat (F). Garbage: kachra (M); ker (M).
frank: manmokla; spasht. Garden: bag (F).
free: Gardener: mali (M).
1. (unhampered) mokle. Gardening: bagkam (N).
2. (independent) swatantra. *gargle: gulnya kar-.
3. (no charge) mophat; phukat. Garland:
*free: sodaw-. 1. har (M);
Free time: sawad (F). 2. (flowers in hair) weni (F); gajra
Freedom: (M).
swatantrya (N); mubha, moklik Garlic: lasun (F,M).
(F). Garnish (chutney): chatni.
freely: moklepanane. Gas: wayu (M); (cooking) gæs (M).
French beans: phansi sheng (F). Gas station: (M) petrol pamp.
fresh: taje. Gasoline: petrol (M).
*freshen up: (I) fresh ho-. Gate: phatak (N); (town-) wes (F).
fried: tallele. *gather: (T) gola kar-; jamaw-.
Friend: mitra (M), maitrin (F); dost *gather (I) gola ho-; jam-
(M). gaudy: bhadak.
friendly: maitripurn. general: samanya; sadharan.
frightened: ghabarlele; bhyaylele.
generally: sadharanpane; Goldsmith: sonar (M).
samanyapane. Golf: (M) galph.
generally (not generally): sahasa nahi.. Good: (benefit) hit (N); kalyan (N).
Generation: pidhi (F). good: changle; bare; bhale; sajjan.
generous: udar. Good God: bapre!
gentle: saumya; komal; haluwar; good-looking: sundar; dekhne.
mand. Good luck: sudaiw (N).
Gentleman: grihasth (M). Goodies: khau (M).
gentlemanly: sabhya. Goods: mal (M); saman (N).
gently: haluwarpane; algad. Government: sarkar (N); shasan (N).
genuine: assal; khare. governmental: sarkari.
Geography: bhugol (M). Grade:
Gesturing (w. arms, hands) hatware (M 1. (quality) prat, pratwari (F); darja
Pl) (M).
*gesture: hatware kar-. 2. (class) iyatta (F).
*get: (R) mil-; (T) milaw-; (take) ghe-. gradually: haluhalu; kramakramane.
*get around: hind-; phir-. Grain:
*get down/out: utar- 1. dhanya (N); (individual grain)
*get up: (I) uth-; (T) uthaw-. dana (M).
Ghee (clarified butter): tup (N); ghi 2. (particle) kan (M).
(N). Grammar: wyakaran (N).
Ghost: bhut (N). Grandchild: natwand (N).
Giant: rakshas (M). Granddaughter: nat (F).
Gift: bakshis (N); bhet (F). Grandfather: ajoba (M).
Ginger: (green) ardrak (M); (root) ale Grandmother: aji (F).
(N). Grandson: natu (M).
Girl: mulgi (F); por, porgi (F). Grant: denagi; (F) grænt (F).
*give: de-. granted: grihit.
Give and take: dewghew (F). *granted, to take for: grihit dhar-.
*give back: parat de-. Grape: draksh (N).
*give up: sodun de-. *grasp: dhar-; pakad-.
Glance: najar (F); drishti (F). Grass: gawat (N).
*glance: bagh-; pah-. *grate: kis-.
Glass: kach (F); (tumbler) glas, pela grave (serious): gambhir; siriyas.
(M). Gravel: khadi (F); (sand) walu (F).
glass, made of: kacheche. Gravity: (attitude) gambhirpana (F).
Glasses: chashma (M). gray: rakhi; karade.
Glue: dink (M). *graze: (I) char-; (T) char-.
*go: ja-. great: (big) mothe; (illustrious) mahan.
*go back (return): parat ja-. Greed: lobh (M); hawratpana (M).
*go out: baher ja-/pad-. greedy: lobhi; hawrat.
Goat: bakra, bokad (M); bakri, sheli green:
(F). 1. (color) hirwe; parwe; popati.
*gobble up: khaun tak-. 2. (unripe) kachche; hirwe.
God: dew (F); ishwar, parameshwar 3. (inexperienced)
(M). nawkhe;ananubhawi.
*God knows: dew jane. Green gourd: dudhi bhopla (M).
Goddess: dewi (F). Green onion: hirwa kanda (M).
Gold: sone (N). Green pea: hirwa watana (F).
-golden: soneri; (of gold) sonyache. Green pepper:
1. hirwi mirchi (F). Hall (large room): hal (M);
2. (capsicum) bhopli mirchi (F). diwankhana (M).
*grew up: mothe jhale; wadhle. *halt: thamb-; (stay) utar-.
Grief: duhakh (N). Hamlet: wadi (F).
*grieve: duhakh kar-; shok kar-. Hammer: hatodi (F).
Grill (screen): jali (F). Hand: hat (M).
*grind: dal-; wat-. handful: muthbhar; onjalbhar.
*groan: wiwhal-. Handkerchief: (M) rumal.
Groceries (exc. fresh produce): kirana Handle: danda (M); muth (F); hændal
(M). (N).
Ground: jamin (F); (sports) maidan *handle: hatal-.
(N). handsome: dekhne; sundar.
Group: gat (M); grup (M); mandal Handwriting: akshar (N); hastakshar
(N). (N).
*grow: (I) wadh-; (as a crop) pik-. *hang: tang-; (execution) phashi de-.
*grow: (T) wadhaw-; (crop) pikaw-; *hanged, to be: phashi ja-.
law-. *happen: (I) ho-; ghad-.
grown-up: mothe. Happiness: anand (M); sukh (N).
Growth: wadh (F). happy: anandi; sukhi.
Guarantee: hami (F); gæranti (F). *harass: chhal-; tras de-.
Guard: paharekari (M); wachman (M). *harassment: chhal.
*guard: rakh-; rakhan kar-. Harbor: bandar (N).
Guarding: rakhan (F). hard: kathin; awghad.
Guava: peru (M). hard (forcefully): jorat, jorane.
Guess: andaj (M); tark (M); anuman hardworking: kashtalu; kamasu.
(N). harmful: ghatak.
*guess: andaj kar-; kalpna kar; olakh-. harmless: ahimsa.
Guest: pahuna (M). Harshness: kathorpana (M).
Guidance: margdarshan (N). Harvest: pik (N); kapni, todni kadhni
Guide: watadya (M). (F).
*guide: margdarshan kar-. *harvest: tod-; kap-; kadh-.
Guilt: apradh (M). Harvest season: sugi (F).
guilty: apradhi; doshi. Haste: ghai (F); gadbad (F).
Gulp: ghutka (M); ghot (M). Hat: topi (F); hæt (F).
*gulp: gil-; (to take a gulp) ghot ghe-. *hate: dwesh kar-.
Gum (glue): dink (M). Hatred: dwesh (M).
Gun: banduk (F); pistul (F). *have: (R) as-.
Guts: himant (F). Head:
Gymnasium: talim (F); wyayamshala 1. (skull/brain) doke (N).
(F). 2. (chief) nayak (M).
H Head man (of village): patil (M).
Habit: saway (F). Health:
*habit (for habit to form): (R) saway 1. (of individuals) prakriti. (F);
lag-. 2. (in general) arogya (N).
Hair: (a hair) kes (M). healthy: sashakta; nirogi.
*hair, to do one’s: weniphani kar-. Heap: dhig (M); dhigara (M).
half: ardhe; nimme. *hear: aik-; aiku ye-.
half, one & one- (1-1/2): did. Heart: hriday (N); man (N).
half-done: ardhawat. Heat: ushnata (F); ukada (M).
*heat: (I) tap-; (T) tapaw-.
Heater: (M) hitar. *home, to go: ghari ja-.
Heater, water: bamb (M). honest: pramanik.
Heaven: swarg (M). Honey: madh (M).
heavens: bapre! Honor: man (M); sanman (M); abru
heavy: jad; bojad; awjad. (F).
heavy (rain): musaldhar. *honor: man de-.
Height: unchi (F). Hoodlum, hooligan: gund (M).
Hell: narak (M). Hook: khunti; huk.
Help: madat (F); hatbhar (M). Hooliganism: gundgiri (F).
*help: madat kar-; hatbhar law-. Hope: asha (F).
Helper: madatnis (M). *hope: asha kar-; (R) asha wat-.
helpless: agatik; asahayy. *hope, cherish: balag-.
Hen: kombdi (F). hopeful: ashadayak.
here: ithe; (this way: hither) ikde. horizontal: adwe.
here, from: ithun; ikdun; ithapasun. Horn: (animal) shing (N); (vehicle)
here, up to: ithaparyant. harn (M).
here and there: madhunmadhun. Horoscope: patrika (F); kundli (F).
hereditary: (genetic) anuwanshik. Horse: ghoda (M).
Hermitage: ashram (M); math (M). *horse, to ride a: ghodyawar bas-.
Hero: Hospital: haspital (N).
1. (brave man) wir (M); Host: yajman (M).
2. (of a story) nayak (M). Hostel: bording, hastel (N); wastigrih
Heroine: (of a story) nayika (F). (N).
*hesitate: pudhe mage kar-. hot: garam; ushna; (pungent) tikhat.
Hiccough: uchki (F). *hot, to feel: (R) ukad-.
*hide: (I) lap-, dad-; (T) lapaw-, *hot, to get: (I) tap-; garam ho-.
dadaw-. *hot, to make: (T) tapaw-.
high: unch; (-priced) mahag, bhari. Hot season: unhala (M).
higher (education): uchch. Hotel (restaurant): hotel, upahargrih
Hill: tekdi (F); (big) dongar (M). (N).
Himalayas: himalay (M); himgiri (M). Hour: tas (M); ghanta (M).
Hindi (language): hindi (N). hour (at the hour of): wajta.
hindu: hindu. House: ghar (N); bangla (M); (big)
Hint: suchna (F). wada (M).
*hint: suchaw-; suchit kar-. Housewife: grihini (F).
*hire: kamawar ghe-; nokri de-. Housework: gharache kam, gharkam
historical: aitihasik. (N).
History: itihas (M). how: kase., kontya ritine.
*hit: mar-. how big/small: kewdhe.
Hoarding: sathebaji (F). how come (why): kashane, kashamule.
Hobby: chhand (M); nad (M). how do you do: kase kay (challe).
*hold, hold on to: dhar-; pakad-. how many/few: kiti.
Hole: bhok (N); bil (N); (pit) khadda how much: kiti, kewdhe.
(M). how much is it? kewdhyale ghetle?
Holiday: however: matra; parantu; tathapi.
(festival) san (M); (vacation) sutti huge: prachand.
(F). human: manwi.
hollow: pokle. Human being: manus (M); manaw
holy: pawitra. (M).
Home: ghar (N); (at/to home) ghari. Human race: manawjat (F).
Humanities: arts (N). imitation: (bogus) nakli; khote.
humid: damat. immediately: tabadtob; lagech; tatdine.
Humidity: olawa (M); damatpana (M). immediately after: -pathopath.
Humor: winod (M). immense: prachand.
humor, in good: khushit. *immerse: budaw-.
humorous: winodi. *immersed, to be: bud-.
hundred: (100) shambhar. Impetus: prerna (F).
hundred (with preceding numeral): - Implement (tool): awjar (N); hatyar
she. (N).
hundred, group of (per hundred): Import: ayat (F).
shekda. *import: ayat kar-.
hundreds: shekdo. Importance: mahattwa (N).
Hunger: bhuk (F). *importance, to give: mahattwa de-.
hungry: bhuklele. important: mahattwache; mothe.
*hungry, to feel: (R) bhuk lag-. imported: ayat.
Hunt: shikar (F). *impose: lad-.
*hunt: shikar kar-. impossible: ashakya.
Hunter: shikari (M). *impress: chhap pad-; sangun thew-.
Hurly burly: dhumdhadaka (M). Impression:
Hurry: ghai (F); gadbad (F). 1. chhap (F); parinam (M).
*hurry: ghai kar- 2. (lasting) sanskar (M).
*hurry, to be in a: ghai as-; (R) ghait *improve: sudhar-.
as-. Improvement: sudharna (F).
*hurt: (I) dukh-; (T) dukhaw-, dukh impure: ashuddh; bhesal kelele.
de-. Impurity: ashuddhata (F); bhesal (F).
*hurt, to be (as accident): (R) lag-. in: at; -at/t, -madhe, -madhye (written).
Husband: nawra, pati, mistar (M). in that: tyat.
Hut: jhopdi (F); khopat (N); khop (F). Inauguration: udghatan (N).
hypocritical: bhondu. *inaugurate: udghatan kar-.
I inauspicious: ashubh.
Ice: barph (N). Incantation: mantra (M).
Ice cream: aiskrim (N). Incense:
Idea: kalpna (F); wichar (M). 1. ud (M); dhup (M);
idiotic: murkh. 2. (stick) udbatti, agarbatti (F).
Idol: murti (F). Inch: inch (N).
if: jar (if ... then: jar ... tar). Incident: ghatna (F).
*ignite: (I) pet-; (T) petaw-. Inclination: kal (M).
ignorant: adani. *incline: kal-.
*ignore: durlaksh kar-. *include: samawesh/samawisht kar-.
ill: ajari; (seriously ill) siriyas. Income: utpann (N); milkat (F); prapti
Illness: ajar (M); dukhne (N). (F).
Image: Inconvenience: gairsoy (F); adachan
1. murti (F). (F).
2. (reflection) pratibimb (N). inconvenient: gairsoyache.
3. (idea) kalpna (F). incorrect: chukiche.
4. (likeness) pratima. Increase: wadh (F).
imaginary: kalpnik. *increase: (I) wadh-; (T) wadhaw-.
Imagination: kalpnashakti (F). indefinite: anishchit; mogham.
*imagine: kalpna kar-. indefinitely: mogham.
Imitation: (mimicry) nakkal (F). Independence: swatantrya (N).
independent: swatantra. intellectual: bauddhik.
India: bharat (M); hindustan (M). Intelligence: buddhi (F); (brain) doke
Individual: (N).
wyakti (F); manus (M, N in Pl); intelligent: hushar; dokebaj;
asami (M). buddhiwan.
individual: waiyaktik. intense: tiwra.
*indulge: lad kar-. Intensity: tiwrata (F).
Indulgence: lad (M Pl). Intention: bet (M); uddesh (M).
industrial: audyogik. intentionally: muddam; buddhya.
Industrialist: udyogpati, karkhandar Interest:
(M). (liking) ras (M); (premium) wyaj
industrious: udyogi, mehnati. (N).
Industry: udyog (M). *interest, to take: ras ghe-.
infectious: sansargik. interest, at: wyaji.
inferior: kami pratiche; gachal. interesting: manoranjak;
Influence: manowedhak.
1. (effect) prabhaw (M). *interfere: (I) madhe pad-.
2. (personal inf.) wajan (N); washila *interfere: (T) dhawladhawal kar-.
(M). Interpreter: dubhashya (M).
*inform: kalaw-. Interruption: wyatyay (M).
informal: anaupacharik. *interrupt: wyatyay an-; madhe bol-.
Information: mahiti (F). Intersection: (of streets) chauk (M).
Injection: injekshan (N). interval, in the: darmyan.
Injustice: anyay (M). Interview: mulakhat (F).
Ink: shai (F). *interview: mulakhat ghe-.
inland: antardeshiy. intimate: jawalche; ghanisht.
Inlet (of the sea) khadi (F). *introduce: olakh karun de-.
inner: atil. inured: nirdhawlele.
innocent: nishpap; nirdosh; nirparadh. *inured, to be: nirdhaw-.
*inquire: chaukshi kar-; wichar-. Invasion: akraman (N).
Inquiry: chaukshi (F); wicharna (F). *invade: akraman kar-.
Insect: khida (M); kitak (M); (worm) *invest: guntaw-.
ali (F). Investment: guntawnuk (F).
Insecticide: kitaknashak (N). *invite: bolaw-; amantran de-.
inside: at, atmadhe; -at/t, -madhe. Invitation: amantran, nimantran (N).
Insistence: agrah (M). irascible: ragit.
*insist: agrah kar-; thasun sang- Iron: (Ferrum) loh, lokhand (N);
Inspection: pahni (F); tapasni (F). Iron (appliance) istri (F).
Inspiration: prerna (F); sphurti (F). iron, made of: lokhandi.
*install: basaw-. *iron clothes: istri kar-.
Installment: hapta (M). irresponsible: bejababdar.
instead of: -aiwaji. *irrigate: bhijaw-; pani de-.
Institution: sanstha (F). irrigated (under irrigation): bagait.
Instrument: *irrigated, to be: bhij-.
1. shastra, hatyar, upkaran, sadhan *irritated, to be: chid-.
(N). Island: bet (N).
2. (musical) wadya (N). Itch: khaj (F); kand (F).
Insult: apman (M). itself: swadd.
*insult: upman kar-. itself (by itself): apoap; apsukh.
Intellect: buddhi (F). J
Jaggery: gul (M). *kill: mar-; thar kar-, thar mar-.
Jail: (M) jel. *killed, to be: thar ho-.
Jar: barni (F); batli (F). Killing: hatya, himsa (F); himsachar
Jaw: jabda (M). (M).
jealous: matsari. Kiln: bhatti (F).
*jealous, to feel: (R) matsar wat-. Kilogram: kilo (M).
Jealousy: matsar (M). kind: (sort) prakar; jat; tarha.
*jeer: tar udaw-; upahas kar-. kind (kindly): dayalu.
Jerk: hisaka (M). kind, of a: tarheche; prakarche.
*jerk: hisak-. kind (what kind of): kase, kasle.
Jewelry: King: raja (M).
1. dagdagine (M Pl); Kingdom: rajya (N).
2. (piece of) dagina, dag (M). Kiss:
Job: kam (N), nokri (F). 1. chumban (N); muka (M);
*job, hold a: nokri kar-. 2. (childish) papa (M); papi (F).
*join: (I) mil-; samil ho-. *kiss: chumban ghe-; papa/papi ghe-.
*join together: (T) jod-. Kitchen: saipakghar (N).
Joint: sandha (M). Kite: patang (M); (bird) ghar (F).
Joke: winod (M); maskari (F). *kite, to fly a: patang udaw-.
*joke: winod kar-. *knead: mal-.
Jolt: dhakka (M). Knee: gudgha (M).
Journey: (M) prawas. knew: kalle.
Jowar: jwari (F); jondhla (M); shalu Knife:
(M). 1. (pocket) chaku (M);
Joy: anand (M); harsh (M). 2. (kitchen) sura (M), suri (F).
Judge: nyayadhish (M); nyaymurti Knock: thap (F).
(M). *knock on a dar: darawar thap mar-.
Judgement: nirnay; nikal. Knot: gath (F).
Juice: ras (M). *knot: gath mar-.
Jump: udi (F). *know: (T) jan-.
*jump: udi mar-. *know: (R) mahit as-, thauk as-, kal-.
Jungle: jangal (N). *know by sight (recognize): (R) olakh-
junior: kanisht. .
just: Knowledge:
1. (fair) nyayy; (of a person) nyayi. 1. (learning) dnyan (N); widya (F);
2. (only) phakta; nuste. 2. (information) mahiti (F); olakh
just now: atta; atach. (F).
just recently: nukte. known: mahit; thauk.
Justice: nyay (M). L
K Labor: kam (N); shram, kasht (M Pl).
*keep: thew-; rakh-; thewun de-. *labor: kam kar-; shram/kasht kar-.
*keep on -ing: -un rah-. Laborer: gadi (M); bai (F); kamgar
*keep a pet: pal-. (M).
Kerosene: rakel (N). Lack: abhaw (M); uniw (F); kamtarta
Kettle: kitli (F). (F).
Key: chawi (F); killi (F). Ladder: shidi (F).
Khadi: khadi (F). Ladle: pali (F).
Kick: lath (F). Lady: stri (F).
*kick: lath mar-. Lake talaw (M); tala (N); sarowar (N).
*kidnap: palaw-; palawun ne-. lakh (one hundred thousand): lakh.
lame: langde; apang. left over: urlele.
Lamp: diwa (M). *left over, to be: ur-; shillak rah-.
Land: jamin (F); sheti (F); bhumi (F). leftwards: dawya bajula; dawikade.
Lane: galli (F); ali (F); patti (F). Leg: pay (M).
Language: bhasha (F). legal: kaydeshir.
Lap: mandi (F). Leisure: sawad (F).
large: mothe; (huge) wishal. Leisure time: phawla wel (M).
last: gele; magche; (final) shewtche. Lemon: limbu (N).
*last: tik-, pur-. Lemonade: limbache sarbat (N).
late: ushira; let. *lend: usne de-.
*late, to be: (R) ushir ho-. Length: lambi (F).
lateness: ushir. *lengthen: lambaw-.
later: nantar; magun. Leopard: biblya (M); bibla wagh (M).
Laugh: hasya (N). Leper: kushtrogi (M).
*laugh: has-. less: kami.
laughable: hasyaspad. *lessen: kami ho-.
Laundryman: dhobi (M). Lesson:
Law: kayda (M). 1. dhada (M);
lawful: kaydeshir (unlawful: bekayda). 2. (study) abhyas (M), path (M).
Lawn: hirwal (F). *let (permit): parwangi de-
Lawsuit: khatla (M); dawa (M). *let it go: jau de-, sodun de-.
Lawyer: wakil (M). *let me know: mala kalaw-.
Laxative: julab (M). Letter: patra (N).
*lay out: mand-; thew-. Level: patli (F); payri (F); sapati (F).
Layer: thar (M). level (flat): sapat.
Lead (metal): shise (N). Liberation (final): moksh (M); nirwan
*lead: ne-; netritwa kar-. (N).
Leadership: netritwa (N). Library: laybrari (F), granthalay (N).
Leader: neta (M); pudhari (M). License
Leaf: 1. (permission): parawana (M);
1. pan (N); 2. laysens (M).
2. (leaves) pala (M); (fallen) pachola *lick: chat-
(M). Lid: jhakan (N).
*leak: gal-. *lie: khote bol-.
Leap: jhep (F); udi (F). *lie down: nij-, pad-; kaland-; jhop-.
*leap: udi mar-; jhep ghe-; jhepaw-. Life:
*learn: shik-; atmasat kar-; (R) kal-. 1. jiwan (N); (lifespan) ayushya (N);
learned: widwan. 2. (living matter) jiw, pran (M).
Learned man: pandit (M). Life, worldly: samsar (M); prapanch
Learning: dnyan (N). (M).
Leather: chamade (N); katade (N). Lifestyle: rahni (F).
leathery: chamat. *lift: uchal-.
Leave (leave of absence, etc): raja (F). Light:
*leave: (I) ja-, nighun ja-; (T) sod-. 1. (illumination) ujed (M); prakash
*leave (set out): (I) nigh-. (M).
*leave (of a train etc): sut-. 2. (sunlight) un (N).
Leavings (of food) ushte (N). 3. (lamp) diwa (M); lait (M).
Lecture: wyakhyan (N); lekchar (N). light (pale color): phikke; phikat.
left: (direction) dawe; (remaining) light, lightly: halke, halkech.
shillak. light: (rain) jhimjhim.
*light a lamp: diwa law-. local: sthanik; deshi.
Lightning: wij (F). Lock: kulup (N).
lightweight: halke. *lock: kulup law-; kulup ghal-.
like: -sarkhe, -pramane. Lodge: laj (N).
like that: tase; tyapramane. lonely: ekte; ekaki; (desolate) nirjan.
like this: ase; hyapramane, asha ritine. *lonely, to feel: (R) ekte wat-.
*like: (R) awad-, ruch-, pasant as-. long: lamb; (time) dirgh.
liked: pasant. long (-long): -bhar.
Liking: haus (F); awad (F). long, too: jast, phar wel.
Lime: limbu (N). *long for: asus-.
Limit: maryada (F); hadd (F). longterm: dirghkalache.
*limit: maryadet thew-. *look:
limited: maryadet; maphak. 1. (look at) bagh-; pah-.
limited extent, to a: maphak pramanat. 2. (look for) shodh-.
Limits (as of a town): hadd (F). 3. (appear to) (R) dis-.
limp: (flaccid) wiswishit. Looks (appearance): rup (N).
*limp, walk with a: langad-. Loom: mag (M); (handloom) hatmag
Line: (M).
1. regh (F); resh (F). loose:
2. (queue) rang (F). 1. sail; dhile.
3. (of business etc) lain (F). 2. (baggy) dhagal.
lined: (ruled) akhiw; (wrinkled) 3. (disconnected) sute.
surkutlele. Loose change: mod (F); sute paise (M
Lion: simha (M). Pl).
Lip: oth (M). *loosen (come loose): nisat-; sail ho-.
Liquid: draw (M). Loot: lut (F).
Liquor: daru (F). *loot: lut-.
List: yadi (F); suchi (F). Lorry: lari (F); trak (M).
*listen: aik-. *lose: (I) muk-; (T) haraw-, har-.
Listener: aiknare (N); shrota (M). Loss: tota (M); nuksan (N).
Liter: litar (M). *lost, to be: (R) haraw-.
Literacy: saksharata. lots of: barech; pushkal; khup; phar,
literate: sakshar. lai..
Literature: sahitya (N); wadmay (N). loud: mothe.
Litter (animals): win (F). loudly: mothyane; jorane, jorat.
*litter, to bear a: wi-. Louse: u (F).
little: Love: prem (N); maya (F).
1. (small, young) lahan; chhote. *love: prem kar-; maya kar-.
2. (small amount) thode; jarese. Lover: premkar (M), preyasi (F).
little, just a: thodese. loving: premal; mayalu.
little, too: kami. low:
live (alive): jiwant. 1. (in status) khalchya darjache.
*live: (to be alive) jag-; (stay) rah-. 2. (low-lying) sakhal.
Livelihood: nirwah (M). 3. (in intensity or volume) mand.
Load: ojhe (N); boja (M); bhar (M). 4. (of price) kami.
*load: bhar-; chadhaw-; lad-. 5. (in height) thengne; baithe.
Loaf (of bread): paw (M); bred (M,F). 6. (without dignity) lachar.
Loan: usne (N), karj (N). lower: khalche.
*loan: karj de-; usne de-. *lower: kami kar-; khali kar-; khali
*loan, to take out a: karj kadh-. sod-.
*lower (the fire) dhima kar-. many: pushkal; khup; anek/kityek;
loyal: wishwasu; imani. barech.
Luck: nashib (N); bhagya (N). many (how many): kiti.
lucky: nashibwan; bhagyawan. many times: pushkalda, pushkal wela.
Luggage: saman (N). Map: nakasha (M).
Lump: gola (M); gath (F). Marathi (language): marathi (N).
Lunch: Marble: (plaything) goti (F).
duparche jewan (N); (packed) daba Mark: (sign) khun (F); chinha (N).
(M). Market: bajar (M); (vegetable) mandai
Luster: tej (N). (F).
lustrous: tejaswi. Market area: (F) bajarpeth.
Luxury: chain (F); chhanchhoki (F). Marketing: bajar (M).
M *marketing, to do: bajar kar-.
Mace: jaypatri (F). Marriage: lagna (N); wiwah (M).
Machine: yantra (N). married: wiwahit.
mad: wede. *marry: lagna kar-.
made: banawlele; banlele. *married, get: lagna ho-.
Madness: wed (N). Mason: (M) gawandi.
Magazine: (monthly) masik (N). Massacre: kattal (F).
Magic: jadu (F). *massacre: kattal kar-.
Maharashtra: maharashtra (M). Master: mastar (M); swami (M);
maharashtrian: marathi; maharashtriy. malak (M).
Maidservant: molkarin (F). Masur:
Mail: dak (F); tapal (N). 1. (black lentil): akha (whole) masur
*mail: postat tak-. (M).
main: mukhya; pramukh. 2. dal (split skinless): masurachi dal
mainly: mukhyatha; pramukhyane. (F).
Maize: maka (M,F). Match:
major: mukhya. 1. (sports) mæch (F); samna (M);
Majority: bahumat (N). 2. (lighting) kadi (F).
majority of (most): bahutek. *match: (I) jul-; (T) julaw-
*make: kar-; banaw-;(create) nirman Matchbox: kadyapeti (F); agpeti (F).
kar- Material (cloth): (N) kapad.
*make (cause to): law-. Materials: saman (N); sahitya (N); mal
*make: (get done) karun ghe- (M).
*make: (prepare) tayar kar-. Mathematics: ganit (N).
Male: purush (M); nar (M). Matter: gosht (F); babat (F); prakaran
Man: manus (M; N in Pl); purush (M). (N).
Manager: mænejar, wyawasthapak Matter: mamla (M); padarth (M).
(M). Mattress: bichhana (M), gadi (F).
Mango: amba (M); (green) kairi (F). mature: (adult) praudh; pragalbh.
Manner: paddhat (F); rit (F); tarha (F). maybe: kadachit.
Manners: shishtachar (M); mænars (M Meal: jewan (N).
Pl). *meal, to prepare: saipak kar-.
Manual labor: majuri (F); molmajuri Meaning: arth (M); ashay (M).
(F). meaningful: arthpurn.
Manufacture: utpadan (N). meaningless: nirarthak.
*manufacture: banaw-; utpadan kar-. Means: sadhan (N).
Manure: khat (N); shenkhat (N). means (that is): mhanje.
Manuscript: hastlikhit (N). meanwhile: darmyan.
meanwhile (in the m.): madhyantari. Mind: man; (state of) manasthiti (F).
*measure: map ghe-; (count) moj-. *mind (pay heed): laksh de-; aikun
Measure(ment): map (N). ghe-.
Meat: matan (N); mãs (N). Mine (gold-, coal-, etc): khan (F).
Meat-eating: masahar (M). Minister: mantri (M).
Mechanic: mekænik (M). minus: une.
medical: waidyakiy. Minute: (time) minit (N).
Medicine: aushadh (N). minute: (small) kichkat; sukshma.
*meditate: dhyan kar-. Mirror: arsa (M).
Meditation: dhyan (N). miscellaneous: kirkol; awantar;
Meet: (sports) spardha (F Pl). sankirn.
*meet (accidentally): gath ghe-; gath miserable: duhakhi; bichare; hawaldil.
pad-. Misfortune: durdaiw (N); durbhagya
*meet: (deliberately) bhet-; bhet kar-. (N).
Meeting: *miss (fail to catch etc): chuk-; huk-.
1. baithak (F); sabha (F); miting (F). *miss an app’t etc: budaw-, wel
2. (encounter) gath (F); bhet (F). chukaw-.
*melt: wital-.; paghal-. *miss (someone): (konachi) athawn
Member: sabhasad, sadasya, ghatak ye-.
(M). Mist: dhuke (N).
Membrane: padda (M). Mistake: chuk (F).
*memorize: path kar-.; tondpath kar-. *mistake, to make a: chuk kar-; chuk-.
Memory: *mistaken, be: chuk-.
1. (recollection) athawn (F). misty: dhusar.
2. (retentive ability) smaranshakti Misunderstanding: gairsamaj (M).
(F). Mixture:
*mend: durust kar-. 1. mishran (N);
Mention: ullekh (M). 2. (hodgepodge) khichdi (F).
*mention: ullekh kar-. Mixup: ghotala (M).
Menu: bet (M); menyu (M). modern: adhunik; nutan; abhinaw.
Merchant: wyapari (M). modest:
Merit: gunwatta (F); (religious) punya 1. (not arrogant) namra; winayashil.
(N). 2. (proper, chaste) maryadshil.
Mess (dining hall): mes (F). Modesty: namrata (F); laj (F).
Message: nirop (M); sandesh (M). moist: ole; damat; olsar.
Meter: mitar (M). Moisture: ol (F); olawa (M);
Metal: dhatu (M). damatpana (M).
Method: paddhat (F); tarha (F); rit (F). Molasses (jaggery): gul (M).
methodical: paddhatshir. Mold: (fungus) burshi (F); (form)
middle: madhya; (in the middle) sacha (M).
madhe. moldy: buraslele.
middle (in the m.): -madhe; -madhun. *mollify: samajaw-; samajut ghal-.
midnight: madhyaratra. Moment: kshan (M); ghatak (F).
mild: saumya; kowle; mand. Monastery: math (M).
Mile: mail (M). Money: paisa (M); (plural) paise.
Milk: dudh (N). Moneylender: sawkar (M).
Milkman: dudhwala (M), gawali (M). Monkey: makad (N); wanar (M,N).
Mill: girni (F); chakki (F); dhane (N). Monsoon: pawsala (M); mansun (M).
Millet (pearl): bajri (F). Month: mahina (M); mas (M).
Millionaire: lakhpati, lakshadhish (M). Monthly period: masik pali (F).
Monthly periodical: masik (N). much (as m.... that m.): jewdhe...
monthly (every/per month): tewdhe
darmahina. much (for how much): kase;
Mood: manasthiti (F); mud (M). kewdhyala.
Moon: chandra (M); chandoba (M). much (how much): kiti; kewdhe.
Moonlight: chandne (N). much (not very m.): pharse/titkese
moral: naitik. nahi.
Morality: niti (F). much (so/this much): itke, ewdhe.
more: ankhi; adhik; jast. much (that much): titke, tewdhe.
more than: -peksha, -hun. much (too much): jast/jasti, phar.
moreover: shiway; parat. much (very much): atishay.
Morning: sakal (F); (early hours) pahat Mud: chikhal (M).
(F). Mug: (M) mag.
morning (in the morning): sakali. Multiplication: gunakar (M).
morning (this morning) aj sakali. *multiply: gun kar-.
Mosque: mashid (F). Mung bean: akha (whole) mug (M).
Mosquito: das (M); machchhar (M). Mung dal (split skinless) : mugachi dal
Mosquito net: machchhardani (F). (F).
most: (the majority of) bahutek. Murder: khun (M).
most (at the most): phar tar. *murder: khun kar-.
most (whatever) of all: saglyat, sarwat. Muscle: snayu (M).
most of the time: bahutek weli; Museum: myujhiyam (M).
bahudha. Music: sangit (N).
Mother: ai (F); mata, may (F). Music (classical): shastriy sangit.
Mother-in-law: sasu (F). Musician:
Mother tongue: matribhasha, mayboli 1. (composer) sangitkar (M).
(F). 2. (singer) gayak (M); gayika (F).
Motive: hetu (M). 3. (player of an instrument) wadak
Motor car: motar (F). (M).
Motor scooter: (M) skutar. musical: surel.
Motorcycle: phatphati, motarsaykal Musical note: swar (M); sur (M).
(F). Musical instrument: wadya (N).
Mountain: dongar (M), parwat (M). Muslim: musalman (M).
Mountain range: parwat (M). Mustard: mohri (F), rai (F).
Mouse: undir (M). *mutter: phutphut-.
Mouth: tond (N); mukh (N). Mutton (goat/chicken meat): matan
Mouthful: ghas (M); (liquid) ghot, (N).
ghutka (M). mutual: paraspar; ekmek.
*move: (I) hal-, chal-; (T) halaw-. myself: mi swatha.
Movement: mysterious: gudh.
1. (activity) halchal (F). Mystery: rahasya (N).
2. (agitation) andolan (N); chalwal Mystery story: rahasya katha (F).
(F). N
Movie: chitrapat, bolpat (M); sinema Nail: (finger/toe) nakh (N); (spike)
(M). khila (M).
Mr: shri; Mrs: shrimati; Miss: kumari. Name: naw (N).
much: khup, pushkal, bharpur, barech. 1. (given name) swathache naw (N).
much (about so much): itpat. 2. (surname) adnaw (N).
much (as much): -itke, -ewdhe. *name (appoint): nem-.
namely: mhanje; nawache.
Napkin: (M) næpkin. Nirvana: nirwan (N).
narrow: arund. no: nahi; (don’t!) nako/naka; (interj)
Nation: rashtra (N). chhe!
national: rashtriy. nobody: koni nahi.
Native place: (N) gaw. nobody else: dusre koni nahi.
natural: nasargik, swabhawik. *nod: man halaw-; (drowse) peng-.
naturally: sahajik. Noise:
Nature: 1. (sound) awaj (M).
1. (natural world) nisarg (M). 2. (din, racket) gondhal (M); gadbad
2. (essential character) swarup (N). (F).
3. (temperament) swabhaw (M). non-vegetarian: masahari.
naughty (of a child): wede. Non-veg food: nan-whej (N).
near: jawal, -jawal; nearby: jawalche. North: uttar (F).
nearly: bahutek. Nose: nak (N).
neat: nitnetake; wyawasthit. not: nahi; (it’s not that) ase nahi.
neatly: nit; nitnetake; nitnetakepanane. Note:
Neatness: nitnetakepana (M). 1. (message) chiththi (F);
necessary: awshyak. 2. (noting) nond (F).
Neck: man (F); gala (M). 3. (currency): (F) not.
Necklace: mal (F). *note down:
Neckline: gala (M). 1. nond kar-.
Need: jarur (F); garaj (F); awshyakta 2. (take notes) nond ghe-.
(F). Notebook: wahi (F).
*need: (R) jarur as-, garaj as-, lag-. Notes (musical): swar (M); sur (M).
Needle: sui (F). nothing: kahi nahi.
needlessly: nishkaran; winakaran.- Notice: dakhal (F).
negative/negatively: nakararthi. *notice: dakhal ghe-.
Neglect: durlaksh (n); haygay (F). Nourishment:
*neglect: durlaksh kar-; haygay kar-. 1. poshan (N);
Neighbor: shejari (M), shejarin (F). 2. poshak ann (N); poshak ahar (m).
Neighborhood: shejar (M). Novel: kadambri (F).
neighboring: shejarche. now: ata; (just now) atta, itkyat.
neither ... nor: na ... na. now (by now): ewhana.
Nest: gharte (N). now & then: adhunmadhun;
Net: jale (N). kadhikadhi;
never: kadhi nahi. kadhimadhi; madhunmadhun.
nevertheless: tarisuddha/taripan; nowadays: halli; alikade; ajkal.
tathapi nowhere: kuthehi nahi.
new: nawa; nawin. Nuisance: updraw (M); katkat (F).
News: (-item) batmi (F); (gen.) Number:
batmya. 1. akda (M); sankhya (F);
Newspaper: wartmanpatra (N); pepar. 2. (rank) nambar (F).
next Nurse: (F) nars.
1. (coming): pudhche; pudhle; yete. Nutmeg: jayphal (N).
2. (near) shejarche. nutritious: sakas; poshak.
next to (next-door to): -shejari. O
nice: changle; chhan, god. Oar: walhe (N).
Night: ratra (F). Oath: shapath (F).
night (at night): ratri. obedient: adnyadharak.
night (tonight): aj ratri. *obey: adnya pal-, adnya aik-.
Object: (thing) wastu (F); (goal) dhyey *omit: gal-; wagal-; sod-.
(N). omniscient: sarwadnya.
*object: harkat ghe-; akshep ghe-. on: -war.
Objection: harkat (F); akshep (M). once: ekda.
Objective: dhyey (N). once in a while: kwachit.
Obligation: bandhan (N). oneself: swatha.
oblique: tirke. one’s own: swathache.
*observe: pah-; nirikshan kar-. Onion: kanda (M).
Observation: pahani (F), nirikshan (N). only: phakta; kewal; nuste; (alone)
obstinate: hatti. ekte.
*obstruct: adaw-; adthala an-. only child, an (unique): ekulte.
*obstructed, to be: ad-; nad-. open: ughade; khule; manmokle.
*obtain: (R) mil-; (T) milaw-, prapt *open: ughad-.
kar-. Operation: shastrakriya (F); apareshan
*obtained, be: mil-. (N).
Occasion: prasang (M). Opinion:
occasionally: adhunmadhun; 1. mat (N);
kadhikadhi; 2. (diff. of opinion) matbhed (M).
kadhimadhi; madhunmadhun. Opponent: wirodhak (M); pratispardhi
Occupation: udyog (M); wyawasay (M).
(M). Opportunity: sandhi (F); (scope) waw
*occur: (M).
1. (happen): ho-; ghad-. *oppose: wirodh kar-.
2. (as an idea): (R) such-. opposing: wirodhi.
Ocean: mahasagar (M). opposite: -wiruddh.
o’clock: wajta. opposite (facing): samorche; -samor.
octroi: jakat. Opposition: wirodh (M).
of course: arthat; arthatach. or: kiwa; ki.
*offer: de-; deu kar-; (in worship) Orange: mosambi (N); (see tangerine).
wah-. orange (color): naringi.
Office: aphis (N); karyalay (N); Orchard: bag (F); phalbag (F).
kacheri (F). Ordeal: diwya (N).
Office worker: karkun (M); shipai, Order:
pyun (M). 1. (command) hukum (M);
Office worker (clerical): (M,F) klark. ardar (F); adnya (F).
Officer: adhikari (M). 2. (sequence) kram (M); anukram
Official: adhikari (M). (M).
official (authorized): adhikrit. 3. (orderliness) nitnetkepana (M).
often: pushkalda; khupda; barechad. *order:
Oil: tel, (edible) gode tel (N); (motor) 1. hukum de-; adnya kar-; ordar de-.
oil (N). 2. magaw-.
Ointment: malam (N). *order, to go out of: bighad-.
okay: bare, thik; (that’ll do) chalel. order, out of: bighade, bighadlele.
Okra: bhendi (F). order to, in: -sathi.
old: orderly: wyawasthit.
1. (of things) june. ordinary: samanya; sadharan.
2. (of biological age) mhatare. *organize
3. (tough) jun; nibar. 1. (as a group) sanghatit kar-.
Old age: mhatarpan (N). 2. (arrange) wyawastha kar-.
older (elder): thorle; mothe. organized: sanghatit.
Origin: mul (N). 1. (black lentil): akha (whole) masur
original: mul. (M).
*originate: udbhaw-. 2. (masur dal): masurachi dal (F).
Orphan: anath mul (N). .
other: itar; dusre; (alien) parke. Papaya: papai (F); papaya (M).
otherwise: erwi; nahi tar. Paper: kagad (M).
out of: -tun. paper (made of paper): kagadache.
Outcasting: bahishkar (M). paralyzed: lule.
*outcaste: bahishkar tak-. Parcel: parsal (N); pudke (N).
outer: baherche. Pardon: maphi (F); kshama (F).
outside: baher; -baher. *pardon: maph kar-; kshama kar-.
Oven: bhatti (F). Parents: aibap, aiwadil (M Pl),
over: war; -war; -warun. matapita (N)
*over/finished, to be: ho- (ie, jhale); Park: bag (F); udyan (N).
samp-. Parrot: popat (M).
overseas: paradeshat; paradeshi. Part: bhag (M); wibhag (M).
Owl: ghubad (N). *part, take: bhag ghe-.
own: aple, swathache. *part one’s hair: bhang pad-.
Owner: malak (M). particular: wishisht.
Ox: bail (M). Partner: bhagidar (M).
P Party (feast): parti (F); mejwani (F).
Paan (spicy chew): pan (N); wida (M). *pass
*pacify: samajaw-; samajut ghal-. 1. (an exam): pas ho-; pas kar-.
Packet: puda (M), pudi (F); pakit (N). 2. (overtake): pas kar-.
Page (book etc): pan (N). Passenger: utaru (M).
Pail: badli (F). Past: bhutkal (M).
Pain: kal (F); dukh (N). past (gone): gele; magche, magle.
*pain: dukh-. Path: wat, paywat (F); path (M).
Paint: rang (M). Patient (sick): rogi (M); rugna (N).
*paint: rangaw-; rang de-. Pause: khal (M); khand (M).
Painter: *pause: thamb-; thabak-.
1. rangari (M); pentar (M); *pay: paise de-; pagar de-.
2. (artist) chitrakar (M). *pay: bhar-, phed-, de-.
Painting (picture): chitra (N). Pea: watana (M).
Pair: jod (N); jodi (F). Peace: shantata (F); (mental) shanti
Paisa: paisa (M). (F).
Pajama: payjama (M); salwar (F). Peak: shikar (N).
Palace: mahal (M); rajwada (M). Peanut: sheng dana (M).
pale: Pebble: khada (M); gota (M).
1. phike, phikat; nistej; peculiar: wichitra; chamatkarik.
2. (sunlight) kowle. Peel: sal (F).
Palm: *peel: sol-.
1. talhat, talwa (M), panja (M); *peep in or out: dokaw-.
2. (tree) tad (M). Peepul tree: (M) pimpal.
Pamphlet: patrak (N). Peg: khunti (F); mekh (F).
Pan: bhande (N); (frying) tawa (M). Pen: pen (N); lekhni (F).
Pane: tawdan (N). Pencil: pensil (F).
Pants: pænt (F); (loose) lenga (M). *penetrate: shir-.
Papad (pulse flour wafer): papad (M). Penknife: chaku (M).
Pension: penshan (N).
People: lok (M Pl); manase (N Pl); Pilgrimage: wari (F); yatra (F).
janta (F). Pill: goli (F).
Pepper: Pillar: khamb (M).
1. (black pepper-corn): miri (F). Pillow: ushi (F).
2. (black): kali miri (F); (chili) Pin: tachni (F).
mirchi (F). Pineapple: ananas (N).
3. (pepper powder) mirpud (F). pink: gulabi.
Percent: takka (M). Pipe: nal (M); paip (M).
Percolation tank: pajhar talaw (M). Pit: khadda (M).
Performance: (play etc) prayog (M). pitiable: bichare.
perhaps: kadachit. Pity: kiw (F); daya (F).
Period (time): kal (M); (term) mudat *pity: kiw kar-; daya kar-.
(F). Place: jaga (F); thikan (N); sthal, sthan
Permanence: shashwati (F). (N).
permanent:kayam/kayamche;shashwat place (in a place/places): thikani; jagi.
permanently: kayam. place (of this/that place): ithle/tithle.
Permission: parawangi (F); anumati place (of which place): kuthle.
(F). place (at whose place): konakade.
Person: manus (M); wyakti (F); purush place (at which place): kuthe.
(M). place (in place of): (its) baddali.
personal: khajgi; waiyaktik. Plain (level land): maidan (N).
Personality: wyaktimattwa (N). plain (simple): sadhe; saral.
Perspiration: gham (M). plainly: spasht; spashtpane.
*perspire: (R) gham ye-. Plan: bet (M); yojna (F).
Pet (adj.): *plan: bet kar-.
1. (favorite) ladke, awadte. Plane: wiman (N).
2. (animal) pallele. Planning: niyojan (N).
*pet (indulge): lad kar-. Plant: wanaspati (F); rop (N).
Petticoat: parkar (M). *plant (a crop): law-; lagan kar-.
Petrol: petrol (N). Planting: lagan (F); lagwad (F).
Philosophy: tattwadnyan (N). Plantation: mala (M).
Photograph: photo (M). Plastic: plastik (N).
*photograph: photo kadh-. Plate:
Photography: photographi (F). 1. tat (M), tatli (F).
physical: sharirik. 2. (saucer) bashi (F).
*pick: Plateau: pathar (N).
1. (harvest) tod-; wech-. Platform: phalat (M); (lectern)
2. (choose) niwad-. wyaspith (N).
*pick through (grains): niwad-. Play: khel (M); (drama) natak (N).
*pick up: uchal-. *play: khel-; (musical instr.) wajaw-
Pickle: lonche (N). Playground: maidan (N); graund (N).
Picnic: sahal (F); wanbhojan (N). please: kripa karun.
Picture: chitra (N). pleasant, pleasing: sukhad;
*picture, to draw: chitra kadh-. alhaddayak.
Piece: tukda (M); (portion) bhag (M). pleased: khush, khushi.
*pierce: toch-. *pleased, to be: khush ho-.
Pig: dukkar (N). *pleased with, to be: (R) pasant as-
Pile: (heap) dhig (M); (stack) gaththa /pad-.
(M). Pleasure: sukh (N).
Pilgrim: warkari (M); yatrekaru (M). plenty of: khup.
Pakad: cooking pincers (F). 1. dak (F), tapal (N);
Plumber: plamar, plambar (M); phitar 2. chauki (F), thane (N).
(M). *post (a letter): tak-.
plump: gubgubit. Post office: post aphis (N).
plunder: lut. Postcard: post kard (N).
*plunder: lut-. *postpone: pudhe kar-; pudhe dhakal.
plus: adhik. Pot:
Pocket: khisa (M). 1. bhande (N); (flanged) bagula (M).
Pod (of a legume): sheng (F). 2. (earth) madke (N); dera (M); math
Poem: kawita (F). (M).
Poet: kawi (M). Potato: batata (M).
Poetry: kawya (N). Pothole: khadda (M).
Point: mudda (M); (geom) bindu (M). Potter: kumbhar (M).
*point out: dakhaw-. *pour: ot-.
Poison: wish (N). Poverty: garibi (F); daridrya (N).
poisonous: wishari. Powder: pud (F); pawdar (F); kut (N).
Police: polis (M); hawaldar (M); Power:
kotwal (M). 1. (physical) shakti (F); bal (N).
Police station: polis chauki (F). 2. (political) satta (F).
Policy: dhoran (N). powerful: balwan.
Polish: powerless: durbal; hatbal.
ujla (M); chakaki (F); (skill) saphai practical:
(F). 1. (of something) wyawaharik.
*polish: ujla de-; palish kar-. 2. (of a person) wyawahari.
polished: chakchakit; saphaidar. Practice (exercise): talim (F); saraw
polite: sabhya. (M).
Politics: rajkaran (N). *practice: talim kar-; saraw kar-.
Pollution: Praise: stuti (F); tariph (F); wahwa (F).
1. (environmental) pradushan (N). *praise: stuti kar-; tariph/wahwa kar-.
2. (ritual) wital (M). *prattle: badbad-.
Pond: tale (N); (puddle) dabke (N). Prayer: prarthna (F).
Pool: tale (N); talaw (M); kunde (N). precise/precisely: nemke.
poor: garib, daridri; (pitiful) bichare. Predicament: pech (M).
Popcorn: makyachi lahi (F). Prediction:
Poppyseed: khaskhas (F). 1. (estimate) andaj (M);
popular: lokpriy. 2. (future) bhawishya (N).
Popularity: lokpriyta (F). *prefer: pasant kar-.
Pork: dukarache mas (N). pregnant: garodar; garbhar, potushi.
Port: bandar (N). Prejudice: purwagrah (M); wait mat
Porter: kuli, hamal (M). (N).
Position: (place) sthan (N); (post) Preparation:
hudda (M). 1. tayari (F).
*possess: malakiche as-. 2. (food) padarth (M).
Possession: malakichi wastu (F). *prepare: banaw-; tayar kar-.
possession, in one’s: tabyat. Presence: hajeri (F); upasthiti (F).
Possibility: shakyata (F); sambhaw present: hajar.
(M). present, at: sadhya.
possible: shakya ahe. Present: (gift) bhet (F); bakshis (N).
possible, as far as: shakyatowar. present (at present): sadhya; halli; turt.
Post: present (in attendance): hajar.
*present (make presentation) sadar Profession: wyawasay (M); udyog
kar-. (M).
Preserve: (jam) muramba (M). Professor: pradhyapk, prophesar
*preserve: rakh-; jatan kar-. (M,F).
President: adhyaksh (M). Profit: napha (M); phayda (M).
Pressure: dab (M); dadpan (N); dabaw Program:
(M). 1. karyakram (M); progræm (M).
*pretend: song kar-; dhong kar-. 2. (plan) bet (M); yojna (F).
pretty: surekh; sundar. Progress: pragati (F).
*prevent: tal-. progress (in progress): chalu.
previous: adle, magche. *progress: pragati kar-.
previously: purwi. *prohibit: bandi ghal-; manai kar-.
Price: kimmat (F); bhaw (M); mulya Prohibition: bandi (F); manai (F).
(N); Project: prakalp (M); yojna (F);
dar (M); akar (M). prajekt (M).
Price-rise: bhawwadh (F). *prolong: lambaw-.
Prick: boch (F). Promise: ashwasan (N), (word)
*prick: (R) toch-, boch-. wachan (N)
Pride: *promise: ashwasan de-; kabul kar-.
1. abhiman (M); promising: hotkaru.
2. (self-respect) swabhiman (M) Promotion: wadhati (F).
Priest: bhataji (M); pujari (M). prone (horizontal): adwe.
primary: prathamik. *pronounce: uchchar kar-.
Principal: Pronunciation: uchchar (M).
1. (school) pracharya (M); prinsipal Propaganda: prachar (M).
(M). proper: barobar; yogya.
2. (investment) muddal (N). properly: barobar; wyawasthit; nit,
principal (main): mukhya; pramukh. thik.
Principle: tatwa (N). Property: malmatta (F).
Print: chhap (M). Proportion: praman (N).
*print: chhap-. Prose: gadya (N).
print, in: chhapil, chhaplele. *protect: rakshan kar-; sanrakshan
printed: chhapil; (pr. material) printed. kar-.
Prison: turung (M); jel (F). Protection: sanrakshan (N).
Prisoner: kaidi (M). *prove: siddh kar-.
private: khajgi, praywhet. Proverb: mhan (F).
Prize: bakshis (N). Province: prant (M).
probable: shakya; sambhawaniy. Protest: nishedh (M); (march) morcha
probably: bahutek; bahudha. (M).
Problem: prashna (M).; samasya (F). *protest: nishedh kar-.
Process: kriya (F); prakriya (F). *provide: puraw-.
*process: prakriya kar-. Provision:
Processing: prakriya (F). 1. (providing) purawtha (M).
Procession: mirawnuk (F). 2. (proviso) tartud (F).
*procure (as a ticket): kadh-. Provisions: saman (N).
Produce: *proviso, to make a: tartud kar-.
1. utpadan (N); nirmiti (F); public (common): sarwajanik.
2. (agric) shetmal (M). public (known): jahir.
*produce: utpadan kar-; nirmiti kar-. Publicity: jahirat (F); prachar (M).
Producer: utpadak (M); nirmata (M).
*publish: prasiddh kar-; prakashan Queen: rani (F).
kar-. Question: prashna (M).
Publisher: prakashak (M). *question (ask): wichar-; prashna kar-.
*puff: dhapa tak-. Questionnaire: prashnawali (F).
Puffed rice: murmura (M). Queue: rang (F).
Pull: odh (F). quickly: lawkar, jaldi; chatkan;
*pull: odh-. patkan.
Pulp: lagda (M); (flesh of fruit) gar quiet: shant.
(M). Quilt: rajai (F).
Pulse (dried split beans): dal (F). Quire: dasta (M).
Pump: pamp (M). *quit: sod-; sodun de-.
Pumpkin: lal bhopla (M). quite: agdi.
Puncture: pankchar (N). quite a lot: barechase.
*puncture, to get: pankchar ho-. R
*puncture, to repair: pankchar kadh-. Rabbit: sasa (M).
pungent: tikhat; (of smell) ugra. rabid (an animal): pisallele.
*punish: shiksha kar-. Race (contest): sharyat (F); spardha
Punishment: shiksha (F). (F).
Purchase: kharedi (F). Racket: gadbad (F); gondhal (M).
*purchase: karedi kar-; wikat ghe-. Radio: redio (M).
pure: shuddh; niwwal. Radish: mula (M).
purely: niwwal; kewal. Rag: chindhi (F).
Purity: shuddhata; (ritual) sowle. ragged: phatke; phatketutke.
purple: jambhle. Raid (by police): chhapa (M).
Purpose: nimitt (N); hetu (M). *raid (police): chhapa ghal-.
purpose, for what: kashasathi. Railroad: relwe (F).
purpose of, for: -nimitt, -nimittane. Railway: (F) relwe.
Purse: pishwi (F). Rain: paus (M).
*push: dhakal-. *rain: paus pad-.
*put: thew-. Rainy season: pawsala (M); mansun
*put in: tak-; ghal-. (M).
*put on (as garment): ghal- Raincoat: renkot, pausali kot (M).
*put on (as wraparound garment): nes-. Raise: (pay) pagarwadh (F).
*put on (light): law-. *raise (lift) uchal-; war kar-.
*put up: utar-. Raisin: manuk (F).
*put in order: law-. ramshackle: khilkhile; dabde.
Q Range: (mountains) parwat (M).
Quality: Rank:
1. (property) gun; (M) gundharm 1. darja (M); nambar (M);
(M). 2. (position) hudda (M).
2. (grade) prat (F); darja (M); kwaliti Rape: balatkar (M).
(F). rapidly: bharabhar.
3. (merit) gunwatta (F). rarely: kwachitach.
Quarrel: bhandan (N). Rate:
*quarrel: bhand-; bhandan kar-. 1. bhaw (M); dar (M); akar (M).
quarrelsome: bhandkhor. 2. (interest) wyajacha dar (M).
quarter (1/4): paw. raw: kachche.
quarter after one: sawwa, sawwa ek. Ray (beam): kiran (M).
quarter to one: paun, pawne ek. *reach: poch-, ye-.
*queasy, to feel: (R) malmal as- *read: wach-.
Reader: wachak (M). regional: pradeshik.
Reading: wachan (N). *register: nond kar-; rajistar kar-.
Reading room: wachanalay (N). regular: niyamit.
ready: tayar. regularly: niyamitpane.
readymade: redimed; tayar; ayte. Regulation: niyam (M).
real (genuine): khare; assal. Rehearsal: talim (F).
realistic: wastaw. *rehearse: talim kar-.
*realize: (R) kal-, umaj-, lakshat ye-. *reject: nakar-; nakar de-.
Reality: wastaw (M). Relationship: sambandh (M); nate (N).
really: khare, kharech; kharokhar. Relative: nate (N); natewaik (M).
really (Is that so?): ase ka? Relative by marriage: soyara, pahuna
Reason: karan (N). (M)
reason, without: ugech; nishkaran. *relax: aram kar-.
reasonable: Relaxation: aram (M).
1. (able to understand) samajutdar. *release: sod-.
2. (fair) yogya. Religion: dharm (M).
3. (limited) maphak. religious: dharmik.
*rebel: band kar-. Religious observances: dewdharm
Rebellion: band (N). (M).
Receipt: pawti (F); poch (F). Reluctance: nakhushi (F); khalkhal
*receive: (T) ghe; (R) mil-. (F).
received: milale. *remain:
recent: alikadche. 1. (stay) rah-.
recently: alikade; nukte; madhyantari. 2. (be left over): ur-.
Recital: maiphal (F). remaining: shillak; baki.
reckless: bephikir; awichari. Remedy: upay (M); ilaj (M).
recklessly: bepham; bephikirpane. *remember: (R) athaw-, athawn ho-
Recognition: olakh (F); manyata (F). *remind: athawn kar-.
*recognition, give (sanction): manyata Rent: bhade (N).
de- *rent: bhadyane ghe-.
*recognize: (R) olakh pat-. *rent, to pay: bhadyane de-.
recognized: olakhle. *repair: durust kar-.
Recollection: athawn (F). repair, out of: nadurust.
*recommend: shipharas kar-. Repairing: durusti (F).
Recommendation: shipharas (F). *repairing, to do: durusti kar-.
Record: rekard (F). *repeat:
Records: kagadpatra (M Pl). 1. (say again) parat/punha mhan-
red: lal; (rusty) tambde. /sang-
*reduce: kami kar-. 2. (do again) parat/punha kar-.
*refer to: ullekh kar-. replete: tript.
Reference: ullekh (M); sandarbh (M). Reply: uttar (N).
*reference, to give: sandarbh de-. *reply: uttar de-; uttar-.
Reform: sudharna (F). Report: riport (M).
Refrigerator: shit peti (F). *report: riport kar-; sang-.
Refusal: nakar (M). Reporter: patrakar (M).
*refuse: nahi sang-; nakar-; nakar de-. Representative: pratinidhi (M).
regarding: -babat; -babatit; -baddal. Reputation: naw (N); kirti (F);
Regime: (rule) rajya (N). pratishtha (F)
Region: pradesh (M); mulukh (M); Request: winanti (F).
bhag (M). *require: (R) lag-, garaj as-.
Research: sanshodhan (N). 2. (well-endowed) samriddh.
*research: sanshodhan kar-. Rickshaw: riksha (F).
*reserve: rakhun thew-. Rickshaw driver: rikshawala (M).
reserved: rakhiw. *ride (on, in): bas-.
Reservoir: (lake) talaw (M). *ride a horse: ghodyawar bas-.
*resign: rajinama de-. ridiculous: hasyaspad.
Resignation: rajinama (M). Right: (just claim) hakk (M).
Resolution: nishchay (M). right (correct): barobar, yogya.
Respect: man (M); adar (M). right (direction): ujwe.
*respect: man de-. right away: lagech.
respectable: pratisthit; mananiy. rightwards: ujwya bajula; ujwikade.
respected: pratisthit. Rind: sali (F).
*respond: uttar de-; dad de-. Ring: (ornament) angthi (F).
Response: uttar (N); dad (F). *ring (bell): (I) waj-; (T) wajaw-.
Responsibility: jababdari (F). Riot: danga (M); dangal (F).
responsible: jabadar. ripe: piklele; tayar jhalele.
Rest: aram (m); wishranti (F). *ripen: (I) pik-; (T) pikaw-.
rest: (remaining) baki; rahilele; urlele. *rise: (get up) uth-; (as the sun) ugaw-.
*rest: Ritual: widhi (M).
1. aram kar-; wishranti ghe-. ritual, according to: widhipurwak.
2. (lean against) (I) tek-; (T) tekaw-. River: nadi (F).
Restaurant: restarant (N); hotel (N). Road: rasta, rod (M); marg (M); path
*restrain: thopaw-; ala ghal-. (M).
Restriction: bandhan (N); nirbandh *roam: bhatak-; hind-.
(M). *roast: bhaj-.
Restroom (public): swachchhtagrih. *rob: chori kar-; hirawun ne-; daroda
Result: ghal-
1. (outcome) nikal (M). Robber: darodekhor (M); chor (M).
2. (consequence) parinam (M). Robbery: chori (F); daroda (M).
result (as a result): parinami. Rock: (mass) khadak (M); (stone)
*result, to be declared: nikal lag-. dagad (M)
*retire: niwritt ho-; ritayar ho-. Role: bhumika (F).
retired: niwritt. Roll: (of cloth) taga (M).
Retirement: niwritti (F). *roll out: lat-.
*retreat: parat-, mage ye-. Rolling pin: latne (N).
*return: parat-; parat ye-; parat kar- romantic: romæntik; pranayramya.
/de-. Roof: chhappar (N).
Revenge: sud (M). Room: kholi (F).
*revenge, to take: sud ghe-. Root: mul (N).
Revengefulness: sudbuddhi (F). *root, to take: ruj-; mul dhar-.
*review: ujalni kar-. Rope: dori (F); dor (M).
Revision: ujalni (F). Rose: (bush & flower) gulab (M).
Reward: bakshis (N). *rot: nas-; kuj-.
Rice: rotten: naske; kujke; kharab.
1. (grain) tandul (M). rough: khadbadit; kharbarit.
2. (cooked) bhat (M). Roughneck: gund (M).
3. (puffed) murmura (M). round: gol.
Rice plate: rais plet (F). Route: marg (M).
rich: Row: (line) rang (F), ol (F).
1. (wealthy) shrimant. *row (propel a boat): walhaw-.
*rub: chol-. saltless: alni.
Rubber: rabar (N). salty: kharat.
rudimentary: prathamik; thaturmatur. Salvation: moksh (M).
Ruin: nash (M). same: tech; ekech.
ruins, in: padik. Sample: namuna (M).
Rule: *sanction: manjur kar-.
1. (regulation) niyam (M); sanctioned: manjur.
2. (reign) rajya (N). Sand: walu (F); reti (F).
*rule: rajya kar-. Sandal: sændal (M); (strapless)
ruled (lined): akhiw. chappal (F)
Ruler (foot-): phutpatti (F). Sanskrit: sanskrit (N).
Run: Sari:
1. (cricket) dhaw (F); 1. sadi (F); patal (N);
2. (musical notes) tan (F). 2. (traditional) lungde (N).
*run: Satchel: bæg (F); (schoolbag) daptar
1. dhaw-; pal-. (N).
2. (function) chal-. Satisfaction: samadhan (N).
3. (manage) chalaw-. satisfied: khush; samadhani; tript.
running (going; in progress): chalu. *satisfy: samadhan kar-.
Rupee: rupaya (M). Saucer: bashi (F).
rural: gramin. *saute: parat-.
Rural area: gramin bhag (M). savage: ranti.
Rust: ganj (M). *save: (T) wachaw-; rakh; thew-.
*rust: ganj-. *saved, to be: (I) wach-.
Rut: chakori (F). Savings: shillak (F); bachat (F).
S savory: khamang.
Sack: pote (N). Savory fritter: (M) wada.
sacred; pawitra. Saw: karwat (F).
sad: duhaki; (saddening) *say: mhan-, sang-.
duhakhdayak. say!: aga; aho; are, re.
*sad, to feel: (R) wait wat-. Saying: mhan (F).
Sadness: duhakh (N). Scale:
Sadhu: sadhu (M). 1. (weighing) kata (M); taraju (M).
Safe: (strongbox) tijori (F). 2. (portion) praman (N).
safe: surakshit; khushal. 3. (of fish) khawla (M).
safely: sukhrup. *scale (climb): (I,T) chadh-.
Safflower: kardi (F). Scar: wan (M).
Saffron: keshar (N). Scarcity: tanchai (F); tutawda (M).
saffron-colored: keshari; naringi; Scarf: skarph, maphlar (M); galpatta
shendri. (M).
Sago (tapioca): sabu dana (F). *scatter (throw about): wiskat-.
said: mhanale. scattered: turlak; wikhurlele.
Sail: shid (N). Scene:
*sail: botine ja-. 1. thikan (N); sthal (N).
Saintly person: sant (M). 2. (sight) drishya (N).
Salad: koshimbir (F), salad. 3. (narrative) prasang (M); dekhawa
Salary: pagar (M); wetan (N). (M).
Sale: wikri (F). Scenery: dekhawa (M).
Saliva: thunki (F). Schedule: karyakram (M); progræm
Salt: mith (N). (M).
Scheme: yojna (F). chitnis (M); sekretari (M,F);
scheming: labad. sachiw (M,F)
School: shala (F); widyalay (N). Sect: panth (M).
school, in/of the: shaletle. Section (of city): (F) peth.
Science: shastra (N); widnyan (N). Security: surakshitata (F); adhar (M).
scientific: shastriy. *see: (T) bagh-, pah-; (R) dis-.
Scissors: katri (F). Seed: bi (F); (food) dana (M).
*scold: ragaw-; dam de-. Seeds: (NPl) bi-biyane.
Scooter: skutar (F). Seeing: darshan (N).
Scope: waw (M). Seedling: rop (N).
Scorn: tuchchhta (F); titkara (M). *seem: (R) dis-, bhas ho-.
*scorn: tuchchh lekh-; seldom: kwachitach.
titkara kar-; (R) titkara wat-. *select: niwad-; pasant kar-.
Scorpion: winchu (M). self: swatha.
*scour: ghas-. Self interest: swarth (M).
Scrap:. Self respect: swabhiman (M).
1. (piece) tukda (M); (paper) chithore self-respecting: swabhimani.
(N). self-willed: hatti.
2. (of plastic, metal, etc) bhangar selfish: swarthi.
(N); *sell: wikat de-; wikri kar-.
3. (scrap paper) raddi (F). Semolina (wheat grains): rawa (M).
Scratch: orkhada (M); bochkara (M). *send: pathaw-; dhad-.
*scratch: khajaw-; orkhad-; bochkar-. *send away: ghalaw-; ghalawun de-.
Screen: jali (F); (curtain) padda (M). senior: siniyar; warishth.
Screen door: jali darwaja (M). Sense: akkal, buddhi (F); shahanpana
Screw: skru (M). (M).
Script: (writing) lipi (F). sensible: shahane; samajutdar.
*scrub: ghas-. sensitive: halwe; sanwedanshil.
Sculpture: shilp (N). Sentence:
Sculptor: shilpkar (M). 1. (words) wakya (N).
Scythe: wila (M). 2. (legal) shiksha (F).
Sea: samudra (M); sagar (M). *sentence: shiksha de-.
Search: shodh (M). separate:
*search: shodh-. 1. nirale; wegle; nirnirale.
Seashore: samudrakinara (M). 2. (loose) sute.
Season: *separate: wegle ho-/kar-; wibhakte
1. ritu (M); sijhan (M); ho-.
2. (of harvest: fruit, etc) bahar (M). separately: nirale; wegle; nirnirale.
Seat: (place) jaga (F); baithak (F). Series: malika (F).
*seat (install): basaw-. serious: gambhir; (ill) siriyas.
Second: (unit of time) sekand (M). Seriouness: gambhirpana (M).
second: dusre Sermon: prawachan (N).
Second class: sekand klas; dusra warg. Servant: nokar, gadi (M); bai,
second time: dusryanda. molkarin (F).
secondary: gaun; duyyam. *serve sewa kar-; (a meal): wadh-.
secondary (of education): madhyamik. Service: nokri (F); sewa (F).
Secret: gupit (N); rahasya (N). Sesame seed: til (M).
secret: gupt. Session: baithak (F); satra (N).
Section: bhag (M); wibhag (M). Set: (group) sanch (M); set (M).
Secretary: *set:
1. (set forth) mand-. Ship: jahaj (N); bot (F).
2. (set up, display) mand-; that-. Shirt: sadra (M); shart (M); kudta (M).
3. (as the sun) mawal-. shiver: tharthar.
*set out (leave) : nigh-; chal-. *shiver: kap-; kudkud-; (R) hudhudi
*settle: bhar-
1. (a dispute) mitaw-. Shock: dhakka (M); shak (M).
2. (take up residence) sthayik ho-. *shock, to get a: (R) dhakka/shak bas-.
*settled, to be (a dispute): (I) mit-. Shoe: but (M), joda (M).
Settlement: wasahat (F); (small) wasti Shoemaker: chambhar (M).
(F). *shoot: goli mar-; goli ghal-.
several: kityek. Shop: dukan (N).
severe: kadak; tiwra. Shopkeeper: dukandar (M).
*sew: shiw-. Shopping:
Sewing: shiwankam (N); shilai (F). bajar (M); shaping (N); kharedi
Sewing machine: shiwanache mashin (F).
(N). *shopping, to do: bajar kar-, shaping
Shade: sawali (F); (of color) chhata kar-.
(F). Shore: kinara (M).
Shadow: sawali (F); chhaya (F). short:
*shake: (T) halaw-; (tremble) kap-. 1. (in length) akhud.
*shake out: jhatak-. 2. (in height) butke; thengne.
shallow: uthal. short, in: thodkyat.
Shame: laj (F); sharam (F). Shortage: tanchai (F); tutawda (M).
shameless: nirlajj; besharam. Shorts: chaddi (F).
Shampoo: Shoulder: khanda (M).
shampu (M); (-ing pods) shikekai Shout: aroli (F).
(F). *shout: orad-.
Shantytown: jhopadpatti (F). Shouting: orda (M); orda-orda M).
Shape: akar (M). *shove: dhakal-.
*shape: (T) ghadaw-; (to give) akar Show: (performance) prayog (M).
de-. *show: dakhaw-.
*shape, to take: akar ghe-. Shower (rain): sar (F).
Share: bhag (M); wata (M); hissa (M). *shower, for there to be a: sar pad-.
*share: watun ghe-; watni kar-. Shrew (musk rat) chichundri (M).
sharp: shrewd: dhurt; chatur.
1. (a knife) dhar. *shrink: at-; akunchan paw-.
2. tiwra. *shut (fastened): (I) lag-.
*sharpen: dhar law-. *shut: (T) band kar-; law-; (eyes) mit-.
Sharpness: dhar (F); tiwrata (F). shy: lajre; bujre.
*shatter: phut-; phod-. *shy, to be: laj-; buj-; sankoch kar-.
*shave: dadhi kar-. Shyness: laj (F).
Sheep: mendhru (N); mendhi (F). Sibling: bhawand (N).
Sheet: (bedcover) chadar (F). sick: ajari.
Sheet metal: patra (M). *sick, to be: ajari pad-.
sheet metal, made of: patryache. sickly: rogat.
Shelf: shelph (N); ghadwanchi (F). Sickness: ajar (M).
Shell: (egg, etc) tarphal (N); kawach Side: baju (F).
(N). side, on this: alikade.
Shelter: niwara (M). side, on the far: palikade.
Sherbet: sarbat (N). side (on the far side of): -palikade.
Sieve: chalni (F); (screen) jali (F). *skip (leave out): wagal-; gal-.
*sieve: chal- Skirt: parkar (M); skart (M).
Sigh: suskara (M); nihashwas (M). Sky: akash (N).
*sigh: suskara sod-; suskara tak-. slack: sail; dhile.
Sight: slanting: tirpe; tirke.
1. najar; drishti (F). Slate: pati (F).
2. (scene) drishya (N). Slave: gulam (M).
Sign: Slavery: gulamgiri (F).
1. chinha (N); khun (F). Sleep: jhop (F); nidra (F)
2. (board) pati (F). *sleep: jhop-; nij-, jhopi ja-.
Signature: sahi (F). *sleepy, feel: jhop ye-.
Significance: Sleeve: bahi (F).
1. (meaning) arth (M); ashay (M). slender: radpatal; barik.
2. (importance) mahattwa (N). Slice: tukda (M); phod (F).
Silence: *slice (dice): ubhe kap-.
1. (quiet) shantata (F). *slide: (I) ghasar-, sark-; (T) sarkaw-.
2. (refraining from speech) maun slightly: kinchit; jarese.
(N). Slingshot: gophan (F).
*silence, to observe: maun pal-. *slip off: (I) nisat-., sut-.
silent: gapp, muke. Slope: (down) utar (M); (up) chadh
*silent, to remain: gapp bas-. (M).
silently: gapchup. sloppy: gabale.
Silk: reshim (N); silken: reshmi. slow: mand.
Silver: chandi (F). slowly: sawkash; haluhalu; mand.
silver, made of: chandiche. Slum (crowded hutment): jhopadpatti
similar: -sarkhe. (F).
Similarity: samya (N); sarkhepana small: chhote; lahan.
(M). smart: hushar, chalakh; (burning) ag
similarly: tyachpramane; tasech. ho-.
simple: (plain) sadhe; (easy) sope. smeared (with food leavings) :
Sin: pap (N). kharkate.
since: pasun. Smell:
*sing: ga-; mhan- (also means “say”). 1. was (M); gandh (M).
Singer: gayak (M), gayika (F). 2. (good) suwas (M); sugandh (M).
Singing: gayan (N). 3. (bad) durgandh (M).
single: ekulte; ekte; (unmarried) Smile: smit (N); smit hasya (N).
awiwahit *smile: has-; smit kar-.
*sink: (I) bud-; (T) budaw-. Smoke: dhur (M).
Sister: bahin (F). *smoke: (I) dhumas-; (cigar etc) odh-,
Sister-in-law: mehuni (F). pi-.
*sit, sit down: bas-. smooth:
Situation: sthiti, paristhiti (F). 1. (even, level) sarkhe; saph; sapat.
Size: akar (M); saij (M). 2. (not rough) gulgulit; nital.
Skeleton: sangada (M); sapla (M). 3. (polished speech/manner)
Skill: kaushalya (N); saphai (F). saphaidar.
skilled: kushal; tarbej; patait; kaslele. smoothly: suralit.
Skin: *smuggle: chorti ayat/niryat kar-.
1. katdi (F); (animal) katde (N); Smuggler: taskar (M); smaglar (M).
2. (rind) sal (F). Smuggling: chorti ayat/niryat (F).
skinny: hadkule; rod. Snack: pharal, khau (M); nyahari (F).
*snack: pharal kar-; khau kha-. Sorghum: jwari (F); jondhla (M); shalu
Snake: (Cobra: nag) sap (M). (M).
*snatch: hiskaw-; (pick a pocket) mar-. Sorrow: duhakh (N); khed (M).
Sneeze: shink (F). sorry (interj.) sari.
*sneeze: shink-. Sort: jat (F); prakar (M); tarha (F).
Snow: barph (N); him (N). Sound: awaj (M); nad (M).
*snow: barph pad-; himwarshaw ho-. *sound: (I) waj-.
snow-white: pandhre shubhra. Soup (juice): ras (M).
Snowfall: himwarshaw (M). sour: ambat.
so (therefore): mhanun. Source: ugam (M).
so much: ikte. South: dakshin (F).
*soak (clothes, food): (I) bhij-.; (T) Sowing: perni (F).
bhijaw-. Soybean: soyabin (N).
Soap: saban (M). Space: jaga (F); (of time) awkash (M).
Soap-bar: Space, outer: awkash (M); antaral (N).
sabanachi wadi (F); sabanbar (M). Spare time: phawla wel (M); sawad
Sob: hundka (M). (F).
*sob: hundka de-. sparse: turlak.
Soccer: phutbal (M). *speak: bol-.
social: samajik. special: khas; wishesh.
Society: samaj (M). specially: wishesh; wisheshkarun.
Sock: moja (M). Species: jat (F).
soft: mau. specific: wishisht.
Soil: (earth) mati (F); (dirt) mal (M). Spectacles: chashma (M).
soiled: malke; malkat. Speech:
*soiled, to get: mal-. 1. bolne (N); bhashan (N).
Soldier: sainik (M); shipai (M); jawan 2. (power of) wacha (F); wani (F).
(M). Speed: weg (M); jor (M).
Sole: talwa (M); talpay (M). *spend: kharch-; kharch kar-.
solemn: gambhir. Spice: masala (M).
solid: ghan, ghatt; (strong) majbut. spiceless (plain): phikke.
Solution: todga (M); uttar (N). spicy: tikhat; masaledar.
*solve: sodaw-. Spider: koli (M).
some: kahi; (unspecif. person etc) *spill: sand-.
ekhade. *spin:
somebody/someone: konitari. 1. (turn) (I) phir-; (T) phiraw.
somehow: kasatari. 2. (spin thread) sut kadh-.
something: kahitari. Spinach: palak (M).
sometime: kadhitari; kewhatari. Spine: kana (M).
sometime or other: pudhemage. Spirit (methylated): spirit. (N)
sometimes: kadhikadhi; kadhimadhi. Spit: thunki (F).
somewhat: kahise; jara; thodephar. *spit: thunk-.
somewhere: kuthetari. spoiled:
somewhere (from s.) kuthuntari. 1. (gone bad) kharab; (rotten) nasle.
somewhere else: dusrikade. 2. (of a child) ladawlele.
Son: mulga, lek (M). spontaneously: apoap; sahaji.
Son-in-law: jawai (M). Spoon:
Song: gane (N); git (N). chamcha (M); (teaspoon) chamchi
soon: lawkar. (F).
sooner or later: magunpudhun. Sports: khel (M Pl), krida (F).
Sports club: jimkhana (M). Statement: widhan (N); jabab (M).
Spot: timb (N); thipka (M); (stain) dag Station:
(M). 1.steshan (N);
*sprained, to be: murgal-. 2. (police) chauki (F); thane (N).
*spray: phawar mar-. Stationery store: (N) steshanariche
Spread-out things: pasara (M). dukan
*spread: Statistics: (figures) akdewari (F).
1. (bedding etc) pasar-; anthar-. Statue: putla (M).
2. (as ink on paper) phut-. Status:
*spread out: (I) pasar-; (T) pasaraw-. 1. darja (M); sthan (N);
Spread-out things: pasara (M). 2. (high-) pratishtha (F).
*sprinkle: shimpad-; shidkawa kar-. *stay:
Sprout: phut (F); komb (M); mod (M). 1. rah-; mukkam kar-
*sprout: phut-; mod ye-. 2. (settle, of a group) wasti kar.
Spy: her (M); guptaher (M). Staying: mukkam (M).
*spy: hergiri kar-. *steal: chori kar-; chor-.
Spying: hergiri (F). Steam: waph (F).
Square: chauk (M). *steam: waph ukad-; waph kar-.
*squeeze: (press) dab-, awal-; (wring) steaming: waphalate.
pil-. Steel: polad (N); (stainless steel) stil
Squirrel, chipmunk: khar (F). (N).
Stability: sthairya (N). steel (stainless), made of: stilche.
stable: sthir. steep: ubhya chadhache.
Stack: gaththa (M). Step: paul (N); (of staircase) payri (F).
Stage: payri (F); tappa (M). *step: paul tak-.
Stain: dag (M). Stick: kathi (F); (small stick) kadi (F).
Stair: payri (F). *stick: (I) chikat-; (T) chikataw-.
Staircase: jina (M). sticky: chikat.
stale: shile. stiff: (erect) tath; (not soft) kadak.
Stamina: dam (M); takad (F). still:
Stamp: 1. (yet) ajun; ajunparyant.
1. (post) tikit (N). 2. (nevertheless) tari; tarisuddha.
2. (imprint) shikka (M); chhap (M). 3. (quiet) shant.
*stand: (I) ubhe rah-; (T) ubhe kar-. 4. (unmoving) stabdh; sthir.
Standard: still yet: tarihi.
1. (level) darja (M); 2. (grade) iyatta *stir: halaw-; dhawal-.
(F). Stitch: taka M).
standing: ubhe. *stitch: shiw-.
Stapler: (M) steplar. Stomach: pot (N).
Star: tara (M); chandni (F). Stomachache: potdukhi (F).
*stare: tak lawun pah-. *stomachache, to have a: pot dukh-.
Start: surwat/suruwat (F). Stone: dagad (M); (small) khad,; gota
*start: (M).
1. (T) chalu kar-; suru/surwat kar-. stone (made of): dagadi.
2. (I) chalu ho-; suru ho-. Stool: (N) stul.
3. (of a train, bus etc) sut-. Stop: (for bus) stap; thamba.
State: *stop: (I) thamb-; (T) thambaw-,
1. rajya (N). adaw-
2. (condition) sthiti (F); awastha (F). Stopper: buch (N).
State transport (bus line): es ti.
Store: dukan (N); bhandar (N); satha *study: abhyas kar-; shik-.
(M). Stuff: mal (M); saman (N).
*store: satha kar-; sathaw-. *stuff: komb-.
Stored materials: satha (M). *stumble: adkhal-.
Storey (floor): majla (M). Stump: khunt (M).
Story: stupid: murkh; bawlat; dha.
1. hakikat (F); gosht (F); katha (F); Stupidity: murkhpana, bawlatpana
2. (short) laghukatha (F). (M).
Storm: wadal (N). sturdy: sashakta; balkat; dankat.
Story: katha (F); gosht (F). Style:
stout: jad; lathth. 1. (fashion) phæshan (F); paddhat
Stove (earth): chul (F). (F).
straight: saral; saralsot. 2. (elegance) dimakh (M).
straightforward: saral. 3. (literary) shaili (F).
Strain: tan (M). Subject: wishay (M).
strange: *submerge: budaw-.
1. (peculiar) wichitra; chamatkarik. *submerged, to be: bud-; panyakhali
2. (unknown) anolakhi; parke. ja-.
Stranger: anolakhi manus (M). Subscription: wargni (F).
Stream: prawah (M); (brook) odha Success: yash (N).
(M). successful: yashaswi.
Street: rasta, rod (M); marg (M); path such a: ase, itke.
(M). such a big: ewdhe.
Strength: shakti, takad (F); bal (N); jor *suck: chokh-; shosh-, shoshun ghe-.
(M). *suckle: (T) paj-; (I) (angawar) pi-.
Stress: (emphasis) jor (M); (strain) tan suddenly: ekdam; ekaeki; achanak.
(M). *suffer: duhakh bhog-.
*stretch (I) lamb-; (T) lambaw-. sufficient: purese; purte; -potapurte
Strike: samp (M). *sufficient, to be: bhag-; (R) pur-.
*strike: Sugar: sakhar (F); (coarse brown) gul
1. (beat) mar-; han-; war kar-. (M).
2. (go on strike) samp kar-. Sugarcane: us (M); (-trash) pachat (N).
String: dora (M), dori (F); sutli (F). *suggest: suchna kar-, suchaw-.
Strip: patti (F). Suggestion: suchna (F).
Stripe: patta (M). *suggestion, to make a: suchna kar-.
*stroll: phir-, phirayla ja-. Suit (of clothes): poshakh (M); sut
strong: (M).
1. (physique) dankat; balkat, *suit (find to one’s liking): (R)
balwan. manaw-.
2. (of a structure) majbut; bhakkam. Suitability: yogyata (F); patrata (F).
3. (of a drink) kadak. suitable: yogya; -yogya, -joge, -jogte.
4. (of language) kadak; jordar. Suitcase: peti (F); bæg (F).
Struggle: dhadpad (F); chalwal (F). *sulk: rus-.
*struggle: dhadpad kar-; chalwal kar-. Sum: berij (F).
Stubble: khunt (M Pl). Summer: unhala (M).
*stuck, to get: chikat-; (obstructed) Summit: shikhar (N).
adak-. Sun: surya (M).
Student: widyarthi (M), widyarthini *sun (for sun to shine): un pad-.
(F). Sunflower seed: suryaphul dana (M).
Study: abhyas (M). Sunlight:
1. suryaprakash (M); Syrup: pak (M).
2. (heat/glare) un (N). System: paddhati (F).
Sunrise: suryoday (M). T
Sunset: suryast (M). Table: mej, tebal (N).
superficial: warwarche; thaturmatur. Table tennis: pingpang (M).
*supervise: dekhrekh kar-. Tablet: goli (F).
Supervision: dekhrekh (F). Tag: (game) shiwashiwi (F).
Supervisor: suparwayjhar (M). *tag: shiw-.
Supply: purawtha (M). Tail: shepti (F).
*supply: puraw-. Tailor: shimpi, telar (M).
Support: *take: ghe-.
1. adhar (M); paya (M); *take away: gheun ja-; ne-.
2. (backing) pathimba (M) *take a photo: (photo) kadh-.
*support: *take back: parat ghe-.
1. adhar de-. *take carre of: sambhal-.
2. (supply maintenance) pos-; *take off (clothes): kadh-; (plane) ud-.
sambhal- *take out: kadh-.
3. (back up) pathimba de-. *take place: ghad-, ho-.
sure (for sure) nakki; (surely) khatrine. Talent: gunwatta (F); kaishalya (N);
*sure, to be: khatri as-. kala (F).
Surname: adnaw (N). Talk: bolne (N); bhashan (N).
Surprise: ashcharya; nawal. *talk: bol-.
*surprised, be: (R) ashcharya/nawal talkative: badbade; gappishth.
wat-, tall: unch.
ashcharyachakit/thakk ho-. Tamarind: chinch (F).
*surrender: sharan ja-/ye-. Tangerine: santre (N).
surrounding: bhowtalche. Tangle: gunta (M).
Surroundings: parisar (M). Tank:
Survey: pahni (F). 1. taki (F); haud (M);
*survive: wach-, jag-; (of things) tik-. 2. (artificial lake) talaw (M).
*suspect: (R) shanka wat-, sanshay Tap: nal (M).
wat-. Tape: phit; (measuring/recording) tep
Suspicion: shanka (F); sanshay (M). (F).
*swallow: gil-. Tape recorder: (M) tep rekardar.
Sweat: gham (M). Tariff: tæriph (M).
*sweat: (R) gham ye-. Taste: chaw (F).
Sweater: swetar (M). *taste: chaw ghe-; chakh-.
*sweep: jhad-, jhadlot kar-, jhadu mar- taut: tath; tanlele.
. Tax: kar (M).
Sweeping: jhadlot (F). *tax: kar basaw-.
*sweeping, to do the: jhadlot kar-. Taxi: tæksi (F).
sweet: god; madhur. Tea: chaha (M,F).
Sweets: mithai (F); khau (M). *teach: shikaw-.
*swell: (inflate) phug-; (edema) suj-. Teacher: shikshak (M), shikshika (F).
Swelling: suj (F). Teak: sag, sagwan (M).
swiftly: bharabhar. Team: sangh (M).
*swim: poh-. Tear (drop) ashru (M).
Swing: jhopala (M); jhoka (M). *tear: (I) phat-; (T) phad-.
Sword: talwar (F); tarwar (F). *tears, to shed: ashru dhal-.
Sympathy: sahanubhuti (F). *tease: tingal kar-; cheshta kar-.
Teasing: tingal (F); cheshta (F); thatta Theator: thiyetar (N); natakgrih (N).
(F). Theft: chori (F).
technical: tantrik. then: tewha; mag; (later) nantar.
technically: tantrikdrishtya. then (since then): tewhapasun.
Technique: tantra (N). then (till then) tewhaparyant.
Telegram: tar (F). then (just then) tewdhyat.
*telegraph: tar kar-. there: tithe; (that way: thither) tikde.
Telephone: phon (M); teliphon. there, from: tithun; tikdun; tithapasun.
Telephone call: (M) phon. there, up to: tithaparyant.
*telephone: phon kar-. therefore: mhanun.
Television: tiwhi, teliwhijan thereupon: tewdhyat.
*tell: sang-. Thesis: prabandh (N).
Temper: swabhaw (M); ragitpana (M). thick: dat; ghatt; jad.
Temperament: swabhaw (M). Thickness: jadi (F).
Temperature: Thief: chor (M).
1. tapman (N); ushnataman (N). Thigh: mandi (F).
2. (fever) tap (M). thin:
*temperature, to get a: (R) tap ye-. 1. (consistency, breadth, density)
Temple: deul (N); mandir (N). patal.
temporary/temporarily: tatpurte. 2. (sheer) jhirjhirit; (threadbare)
Tenant: bhadekaru (M). wirwirit
Tendency: kal (M). 3. (skinny) hadkule; rod.
tender: kowle; premal. 4. (fine) barik.
Tenement: chal (F). Thing:
tense (taut) tang; tanlele. 1. wastu (F); gosht (F); dag (M);
Tension: tan (M); tanaw (M). jinnas (M);
Tent: tambu (M); (small nomadic) pal 2. padarth (M); (things) saman (N).
(N). *think: (T) wichar kar-; (R) wat-.
Term: (fixed period) mudat (F). third: tisre.
Terrace: gachchi (F). Thirst: tahan (F).
terrible: bhayankar; bhayanak. thirsty: tahanele.
terribly: bhayankar; atishay. *thirsty, to feel (R) tahan lag-.
Terror: this (like this): ase, (this sort) asle.
dahashat (F); (fear) bhay (N), bhiti Thorn: kata (M).
(F). though: jari.
Terrorism: dahashatwad (M). Thought: wichar (M).
Terrorist: dahashatwadi (M). thousand: hajar.
Test: chachni (F); pariksha (F). Thread: dhaga, dora (M); (cotton) sut
*test: chachni ghe; pariksha ghe-. (N).
*test, to take a: pariksha de-. Threat: dhamaki (F).
Testimony: saksh (F). *threaten: dhamaki de-.
Textbook: kramik pustak, tekstbuk three (of persons): tighe.
(N). three-fourths (3/4): paun.
Textile: kapad (N). *thresh: mal-.
th (ordinal number suffix after 4th): - Threshing: malni (F).
we. Threshold: umbartha (M).
than: -peksha. thrice: tinda.
thanks: thenkyu; (much) dhanyawad. Thrift: katkasar (F).
thanks (I’m grateful): abhari ahe. *thrive: pos-; bharbharat ho-.
that is: mhanje. Throat: gala (M); (inside) ghasa (M).
*throat, to have a sore: ghasa dukh-. together: ekatra; -barobar.
Throne: gadi (F); (“lion-thr.”) Toilet: sandas, bathrum, toylet (M).
simhasan (N). Tomato: tamato (M).
through: -madhun, -tun. tomorrow: udya.
through the agency of: -marphat. Ton: tan (M).
*throw: tak-; phek-. Tone: swar (M); sur (M).
*throw off: phekun de-; jhugarun de-. Tonga (horse-carriage): tanga (M).
*throw out: ghalaw-, baher kadh-. Tongue: jibh (F).
Thumb: angtha (M). tonight: aj ratri.
*thumb through: chal-. too: -suddha, -hi.
thus: tase. Tool: awjar (N); hatyar (M).
Ticket: tikit (N). Tooth: dat (M).
*tidy: nitnetake awar-. Toothbrush: (M) tuthbrash.
Tie: bandhan (N). Toothpaste: (F) tuthpest.
*tie: bandh- torn: phatke; phatlele.
Tiger: wagh (M). Total: berij (F).
tight/tightly: ghatt. totally: par; purnpane.
*tighten: awal; ghatt kar-. Touch: sparsh (M).
Time: *touch: shiw-; sparsh kar-.
1. (duration) wel, kal (M). tough: nibar; jun.
2. (occasion) wel (F). Tour: phirti (F); daura (M).
Time (free time): sawad (F). *tour, to go on: phirtiwar ja-; daura
time (all the time): rahun rahun. kar-.
time (at that time): tya weli. towards: -kade.
time (from time to time): Towel: tawel (M).
adhunmadhun; Tower: manora (M).
kadhikadhi; kadhimadhi. Town: nagar (N); gaw (N).
time (on time) welewar. Toy: khelne (N).
time (what time is it?): kiti wajle? Tractor: træktar (M).
time (at what time?) kiti wajta? Trade: dhanda (M); wyapar (M).
times (follows a number, ekda: ‘once’): Tradition: parampara (F).
-da. traditional: paramparik.
Timetable: welapatrak (N); taimtebal Traffic: rahadari (F); wahatuk (F).
(N). Trailer: trali (F).
timid: bhitre. Train: aggadi, gadi (F); (express)
Tip: (end) tok (N); (fee) bakshis (N); ekspres (F)
tip (F). *train: shikaw-; shikshan de-.
*tip: (fall) kaland-. trained: shiklele; kushal; kaslele.
*tire (become tired): dam-; thak-. Training: shikshan (N); trening (N).
tired: damlele. Tranquility: shanti (F).
*tired of: (R) kantala ye-. Transfer: badali (F).
to: -la, -war, -at, -kade, -pashi. transparent: paradarshak.
to (eg, from one to ten: ‘ek te daha’): Trash: kachara (M); ker (M).
te. Translation: bhashantar (M).
*toast: bhaj-. *translate: bhashantar kar-.
today: aj. Transport: wahatuk (F).
Toe: *transport: wahatuk kar-.
1. payache bot (N); Trap: sapla (M); (snare) phas (M).
2. (big) payacha angtha (M). *trap: saplyat pakad-; kondi kar-.
Toenail: (N) nakh. Travel: prawas (M).
*travel: prawas kar-. two or three (a few): dontin.
Traveller: prawasi (M). Type: prakar (M); tarha (F).
Treasury: trejhari (F); khajina (M). type (of a type): prakarche, tarheche.
Treat (“eats”): (M) khau. Typewriter: taipraytar (M).
*treat: U
1. (behave towards) wagaw-. ugly: kurup.
2. (as a doctor) upchar kar-. Umbrella: chhatri (F).
Treatment: ilaj (M); upchar (M). Umpire: panch (M).
Tree: jhad (N); wriksh (M). unbroken: (whole)akhand;
tremendous: prachand. (intact)shabut.
Trial: chachni (F); (court) khatla (M). Uncle:
Tribe: toli (F). 1. (father’s brother) kaka (M); chulta
*trim: kap-; chhat-. (M).
Trip: 2. (mother’s brother) mama (M).
1. sahal (F); trip (F); wari (F); uncomfortable: (uneasy) aswasth.
prawas (M). unconscious: beshuddh.
2. (fruitless) helpata (M); kheta (M uncontrolled: bepham; anirbandh.
Pl). uncultivated (fallow): padik.
triple: tippat. under: -khali, khalun.
trivial: phaltu; kshullak; mamuli. under supervision: hatakhali.
Trouble: tras (M); katkat (F). underneath: khali.
Trousers: pænt. Underpants: chaddi (F).
Truck: trak (M); lari (F). Undershirt: ganjiphrak (M); baniyan
true: khare; satya. (M).
truly: khare; kharokhar; kharekhure. *understand: (T) samaj-; (R) samaj-,
Trunk: trank, peti (F); (tree) khod (N). kal-.
Truth: satya (N). *undertake (take in hand): hati ghe-.
Try: prayatna (M). underway: suru; chalu.
*try: prayatna kar-. unemployed: bekar.
Tube: nali (F); tyub (F). Unemployment: bekari (F).
Tuition: shikawni (F). unengaged: mokle; rikame.
*tumble down: dhasal-; kosal-. uneven: khadbadit; wisham.
Tune: chal (F). unexpected: anapekshit.
Tunnel: bogda (F). unexpectedly: anapeksjhitpane;
Turban: achanak.
mundase, pagote (N); pheta (M); unfinished: apurn.
pagdi (F). unfortunate: durdaiwi.
Turmeric: halad (plural: haldi) (F). unfortunately: durdaiwane.
*turn: (I) wal-, phir-; (T) walaw-, unhappy: duhakhi.
phiraw-. unimportant: phaltu; jhullak.
*turn away: ghalaw-. uninteresting: kantalwana; noras;
*turn on: law-. ruksh.
*turn off: band kar-. uninterruptedly: akhand; khal na
*turn over: ulat-; ulath-. padta.
twice: donda. unirrigated: jirait; kordwahu.
Twig: kadi (F); (dry twig) katki (F). Unity: ekya (N); eki (F).
Twin/twins: jule/juli (N). Universe: wishwa (N).
*twist: (I) murgal-; (T) murgal-, University: yuniwharsiti (F);
pirgal-. widyapith (N).
two (of persons): doghe. unmarried: awiwahit.
unnecessary: anawshyak. Valley: dari (F).
unnecessarily: winakaran; Value:
ugach/ugich. 1. mulya (N);
unoccupied: rikame; mokle. 2. (price) mulya (N), kimmat (F).
unorganized: asanghatit. Variety: jat (F); prakar (M).
*unravel: ulgad-; ukal-. various: nirnirale; wegwegle.
unrealistic/unreasonable: awastaw. Veda: wed (M).
unripe: kachche. vedic: waidik.
*unroll: ulgad-. Vegetable: bhaji (F); (leafy) palebhaji
until: -paryant, -war. (F).
until then: toparyant; towar. Vegetable curry: bhaji (F); rassa (M).
untouchable: asprishya; dalit. Vegetable seller: malin (F); bhajiwala
unusual: wilakshan. (M).
unwieldy: bojad. vegetarian: shakahari.
up: war, -war. Vegetarian food: shakahar.
up to (until): -paryant, -war. Vehicle: wahan (N).
*up, get: uth-. Veranda: wharanda (M); osari (F).
Upbringing: sanskar (M Pl); sangopan very: pushkal; phar; khup; atishay;
(N). agdi.
upper: warche. very much: atishay.
Upper storey: madi (F); warcha majla Vessel (cooking) bhande (N).
(M). via: -marge, -tun.
upright: ubhe. Vice (addiction): wyasan (N).
Ups and downs: chadhutar (M Pl). vicinity, in the: -aspas, -jawalpas.
upside down: ulate. Victim: bali (M).
upstairs: war; warti; warchya Victory: jay, wijay (M); (success)
majlyawar. yash (M).
urban: shahari. Viewing: darshan (N).
Urge: (desire) ichchha (F). Vilification: ninda (F).
*urge: agrah kar-. *vilify: ninda kar-.
Urging: agrah (M). Village: khede (N); khedegaw (N).
Urinal: (F) mutari. Villager: gawkari (M).
Urine: mut, mutra (N); laghwi (F). Villain: (of a story) khalnayak (M).
*urinate: laghwi kar-; mut-. Vine: wel (M,F).
*urinate, go to: laghwila ja-. Vinegar: siraka (M).
Use: upyog (M); wapar (M). Violence: himsachar (M).
*use: wapar-, upyog kar-. *visible, be: (I) dis-.
*used up, be: samp-. Vision: drishti (F).
useful: upyukta. Visit: bhet (F).
useless: nirupyogi. *visit: bhet-; bhet de-.
usual: nehmiche. Voice:
usually: bahudha/bahutek; awaj (M); (singing voice) gala,
samanyapane usually (not usually): awaj (M).
sahasa nahi. Volunteer: swayansewak (M).
*utter: uchchar-. Vomiting: ulti (F); wanti (F); okari (F).
V *vomit: (R) ulti ho-; okari ho-.
Vacation: suti (F). Vote: mat (N).
Vaccine: las (F). *vote: matdan kar-.
Vacuum: pokli (F). Voting: matdan (N).
vague: mogham. Vow: wrat (N); pratidnya (F).
W way (in that way): tyapramane.
Wages: weak:
pagar (M); (for manual labor) 1. (lacking vitality) ashakta.
majuri (F). 2. (powerless) dubale; durbal.
Waist: kambar, kamar (F). Weakness: ashaktapana, dublepana
*wait: thamb-. (M).
*wait for someone: wat pah-. Wealth: paisa (M); shrimanti, sampatti
*wake up: (I) uth-, jage ho-; (T) (F)
uthaw-. Weapon: hatyar (N); shastra (N).
*walk: chal-; chalat ye-; chalat ja-. *wear (put on): ghal-; (wraparound)
*walk, to go for a: phir-, phirayla ja-. nes-.
Walking: chalne (N). *wear out: (I) jhij-.
Wall: bhint (F). *wear down: (T) jhijaw-.
Wallet: pakit (N); paishache pakit (N). Weather: hawa (F); hawaman (N).
*wander: bhatak-; hind-, phir-. *weave: win-.
*want: (R) pahije, ichchha as-, hawe Weaver: winkar (M); koshti (M).
as-. Wedding: lagna (N).
*want (not to want): (R) nako/naka. Wedding invitation card: lagna patrika
War: ladhai (F); yuddh (N). (F).
warm: garam; ubdar; (lukewarm) Week: athawda (M).
komat. weekly: saptahik.
Warmth: ub (F); ushnata (F). *weed: khurap-; khurpan kar-.
*wash: dhu-; (dishes) ghas-. Weeding: khurpan (F).
*wash the floor: pochara mar-. *weigh: wajan kar-; wajan as-.
*wash one’s hair: nha-. Weight: wajan (N).
Washerman: parit (M); dhobi (M). Welcome: swagat (N).
Washing: dhune (N). *welcome: swagat kar-.
*washing, to do the: dhune dhu-. Well (water storage): wihir (F).
Waste: kachara (M); (-paper) raddi well:
(F). 1. (in a good manner) changle;
*waste: udaw-, ghalaw-; phukat chhan.
ghalaw-. 2. (without a hitch) suralit.
wasted: phukat; waya. 3. (in good health) bare; khushal.
Watch (timepiece): ghadyal (N). well arranged: wyawasthit.
*watch: pah-, bagh-. well cooked: purn shijawle.
Watchman: rakhandar (M); wachman well done: shabas!
(M). West: pashchim (F).
Water: pani (N). western: pashchattya.
*water: pani de-; bhijaw-. wet: ole.
Waterfall: dhabdhaba (M). *wet: (T) bhijaw-.
Water heater: bamb (M). *wet, to get: (I) bhij-; ole ho-.
watery: panchat; (thin) patal. Wetness: olawa (M); ol (F).
Wave: (ocean etc) lat (F). what: kay; (which) konte.
*wave: hat kar-, hat halaw-. what (of what): (what sort) kashache.
Way: what kind of: kasle.
1. (road, path) wat (F); marg, rasta Wheel: chak (N).
(M). when: kadhi; kewha.
2. (manner) paddhat (F); rit (F), when ... then: jewha ... tewha.
tarha (F). where: kuthe, kuthun.
way (in the way): -ad.
where ... there: jithe ... tithe; jikde ... Wisdom: shahanpana (M), dnyan (N).
tikde. wise: shahane.
where (from where): kuthpasun; Wish: ichchha (F); marji (F).
kuthun. with: -kade; -jawal; -shi; -pashi; -
where (up to where) kuthparyant. sakat.
which: konte, kuthle; konkonte with (along with): -sobat, -barobar.
(plural). *withdraw (take out): kadh-.
While (long/short): barach/thoda wel *wither: (I) komej-, galun pad-.
(M). within: at, -at.
while, in a little: thodya welane. without: (except with) -shiway, -
while, once in a: kadhikadhi. wachun.
while ... then: jar ... tar. Woman: bai (F); stri (F).
*whine: radgane ga-. Wonder: nawal (N).
Whining: radgane (N). Wood, piece of wood: lakud (N).
whining, given to: radya. wooden: lakdache.
Whip: chabuk (M). Woods: jangal (N).
Whisper: kujbuj (F). Wool: lokar (F).
*whisper: kujbuj-. woolen: lokri; lokriche.
Whistle: shitti (F). Word: shabda (M).
*whistle: shitti wajaw-, shitti mar-. Work:
white: pandhre; saphet. 1. kam (N); karya (N); (job) nokri
whitish: pandhrat. (F).
who: kon. 2. (on daily wages) rojgar (M).
whole: 3. (hard) shram (M Pl).
1. (entire): sagle; sampurn. 4. (hard physical) kasht (M Pl).
2. (unbroken) akhand. *work: kam kar-, mehnat kar-.
3. (intact) shabut. Worker:
whole (the whole ... full): -bhar. 1. kamgar (M); (servant) nokar.
whole (on the whole): ekandar; ekun. 2. (clerk) karkun, klark (M).
wholesome: sakas; arogyadayak. World:
whose: konache. 1. jag (N); duniya (F).
why: ka; kashasathi; kashala. 2. (temporal) samsar (M).
Wick: wat (F). Worm: ali (F); (parasite) jantu (N).
wide: rund. wormy: kidke; kidlele.
Widow(er): widhur (M); widhwa (F). worn out: jhijlele.
Width: rundi (F); (of cloth) panha (M). *worn out, to get: jhij-.
Wife: bayko (F); patni (F). Worry: kalji (F); chinta (F).
wild: jangli. worry, free from: nishchint.
wildly: bephampane. *worry: kalji kar-; chinta kar-.
*win: jink-. Worship: puja (F); (Muslim) namaj
Wind: wara (M). (M).
*wind a clock: killi de-. Worthiness: layaki (F); patrata (F).
Window: khidki (F); (small) jharoka worthy: layak; patra.
(M). Wound: jakham (F).
Wing: pankh (M). *wound: ghayal kar-; dukhaw-.
*winnow: pakhad-; waraw-; wadhaw-. wounded: jakhmi; ghayal.
Winter: hiwala (M). *wrap around: gundal-; lapet-.
*wipe: pus-. Wrestler: mall (M); pahilwan (M).
*wipe off with fingers: nipat-. Wrestling: kusti (F).
Wire: tar (F). *wrestle: kusti khel-; kusti kar-.
*wring: pil-. yes: ho; hoy; (yes indeed!) ho ki!
Wrinkle: surkuti (F). yesterday: kal.
*wrinkled, to get: surkut-; churgal-. yet: ajun.
*write: lihi-. yet (not just yet): ajun nahi.
Writer: lekhak (M), lekhika (F). Yield: utpann (N).
Writing: lekhan (N). *yield: utpann de-.
written: lekhi. Yogurt: dahi (N).
wrong: chukiche. young: tarun, lahan.
Y younger: dhakte; lahan.
Yard: (of house) angan (N); (3 feet) Youth: jawan, tarun (M); tarunya (N).
war (M) Z
Year: warsh (N); sal (N). Zeal: utsah (M).
year (in this year): hyawarshi. zealous: utsahi.
year (this year): yanda. Zero: shunya (N).
yellow: piwle. Zoo: pranisangrahalay (N).
Irregular verbs:
special stem forms with past tense.
bagh- (baghitle); bhi- (bhyale); de- (dile); dhu- (dhutle); ga- (gayle); ghal- (ghatle);
ghe- (ghetle); ho- (jhale); ja- (gele); kar- (kele); kha- (khalle); lih/lihi- (lihile);
mag- (magitle); mar- (mele); mhan- (mhanale/mhatle); mil- (milale); nigh- (nighale);
pah- (pahile); pal- (palale); pi- (pyale); poh- (pohole); rah- (rahile); sang-
(sangitle); wah- (wahile); ye- (ale).
Pronoun Table
Straight Object Possessive
mi ‘I’ mala majhe
tu ‘you’ Sing.* tula tujhe
to (M) ‘he, that’ tyala tyache
ti (F) ‘she, that’ tila tiche
te (N) ‘it, that’ tyala tyache
amhi ‘we’ exclusive amhala amche
apan ‘we’ inclusive aplyala aple
tumhi ‘you’ Plural tumhala tumche
te(M), tya(F), ti(N) tyana tyanche
‘they, those’
ha(M/N) ‘he/it, this’ hyala hyache
hi(F) ‘she, this’ hila hiche
he(M) hya(F) hi(N) hyana hyanche
‘they, these’
jo (M), je (N) jyala jyache
ji (F) ‘the one who’ jila jiche
je(M), jya (F), ji (N) jyãna jyanche
‘the ones who’
koni ‘someone’ konala** konache**
kon ‘who’ konala** konache**
kase ‘what kind of’ kashala kashache
swatha ‘oneself’’ swathala swathache
*For 2nd person sing, the familiar form is
tu; the respectful form is tumhi (plural).
**kunala and kunache may also be used.
Numbers:
1/4 paw 1/2 ardhe
3/4 pawne 1-1/4 sawwa
1-1/2 did 2-1/2 adich
ek (1), don (2), tin (3), char (4), pach (5), saha (6), sat (7), ath (8), nau (9), daha (10),
akra (11), bara (12), tera (13), chauda (14), pandhra (15), sola (16), satra (17), athra
(18), ekonis (19), wis (20), ekwis (21), bawis (22), tewis (23), chowis (24), panchwis
(25), sawwis (26), sattawis (27), aththawis (28), ekontis (29), tis (30), ektis (31),
battis (32), tehtis (33), chautis (34), pastis (35), chhattis (36), sadatis (37), adatis
(38), ekonchalis (39), chalis (40), ekkechalis (41), bechalis (42), trechalis (43),
chawwechalis (44), panchechalis (45), shehechalis (46), sattechalis (47), aththechalis
(48), ekonpannas (49), pannas (50), ekkawan (51), bawan (52), trepan (53), chopan
(54), panchawan (55), chhappan (56), sattawan (57), aththawan (58), ekonsath (59),
sath (60), eksast (61), basasht (62), tresasht (63), chausasht (64), pasasht (65),
sahasasht (66), sadusasht (67), adusasht (68), ekonsattar (69), sattar (70), ekkahattar
(71), bahattar (72), tryahattar (73), chauryahattar (74), panchyahattar (75), shahattar
(76), sattyahattar (77), aththyahattar (78), ekonainshi (79), ainshi (80), ekkyaainshi
(81), byaainshi (82), tryaainshi (83), chauryaainshi (84), panchyaainshi (85),
shahaainshi (86), sattyaainshi (87), aththyaainshi (88), ekonnawwad (89), nawwad
(90), ekkyannaw (91), byannaw (92), tryannaw (93), chauryannaw (94), panchannaw
(95), sahannaw (96), sattyannaw (97), aththyannaw (98), nawwyannaw (99), ekshe
shambhar(100), ekshe ek (101), ekshe don (102), donshe (200), donshe ek (201), etc.