International Conference on Computer and Communication Engineering (ICCCE 2010), 11-13 May 2010, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

ICT to Serve Hajj: Analytical Study

Shihab A. Hameed
Electrical and Computer Engineering
International Islamic University Malaysia
Jalan Gombak, 50728 KL, Malaysia
shihab@iiu.edu.my
AbstractHajj (pilgrimage) is the fifth pillar of Islam that
must be carried out at least once in their lifetime by every ablebodied Muslim. It is the largest annual convention of Faith in the
world that requires traveling to Mecca. Hajj is performed based
on predetermined dates, times, and places. It is a demonstration
of the solidarity of the Muslim people, and their submission to
Allah the Exalted (GOD). Hajj is an important event in Muslims
life, which offers religious, educational, scientific, social,
economical, political and other benefits that are rewarded by
Allah SWT to Muslims. Two to three millions out of One and
half billion of Muslims around the world, performed Hajj
annually. Time, date and place limitations related to Hajj leads to
several difficulties and problems that require suitable solutions.
Literature review LR, survey, and analysis summarize Hajj
difficulties as: Managerial and organizational problems; Lack of
information and misunderstanding; and difficulties in dialogue
between people, pilgrims and organizational committees.
This research paper proposes suitable solutions to solve
difficulties using the powerful capabilities of information and
communication technologies ICT. It shows the main components
of a Comprehensive Hajj Model that includes: comprehensive
Hajj database model for managing, organizing and tracking
pilgrims and other stakeholders; a Multi- lingual Hajj
Educational model on Web-based or CD; and a portable Hajj
emergency and guidance model. This comprehensive solution
offers: religious, educational, scientific, social, economical,
political and other benefits for Muslims. It can be consider as a
step toward Muslim unity and offering a unified understanding
and cooperation between Muslims.
Keywords- Hajj; Emergency; Guidance; ICT; Analytical study

I.

INTRODUCTION

The performance of the Hajj is obligatory, at least once in

a lifetime, upon every Muslim, male or female, who is
mentally, financially and physically fit; as Allah the almighty
said in Quran (3:97) pilgrimage to Kaaba is a duty that
mankind owes to Allah the Exalted (God), those who can
afford the journey[1, 2]. Islam is based on five pillars. Hajj or
pilgrimage to Mecca is the fifth pillar in Islam. Abdullah bin
Umar-RAA, who said: I heard the Messenger of Allah the
Exalted, sallallahu 'alayhi wasallam-SAW, say: "Islam has
been built upon five things - on testifying that there is no god
save Allah, and that Muhammad SAW is His Messenger; on
performing salah; on giving the zakah; on fasting during
Ramadhan; and on Hajj to the House (Kaaba)". [3, 4].
The Hajj is based on a pilgrimage that was ancient even in
the time of Prophet Muhammad (Peace Be Upon-PBU or
sallallahu 'alayhi wasallam -SAW) in the 7th Century. Hajj

978-1-4244-6235-3/10/$26.00 2010 IEEE

trace back to the time of Prophet Abraham (Ibrahim), around

2000 BC. Wikipedia free encyclopedia refers that Prophet
Ibrahim (PBU) was ordered by Allah the Exalted to leave his
wife Hagar and his infant son Ishmael (Ismail) alone in the
valley of Mecca. While he was gone, the child became thirsty,
and Hagar ran back and forth seven times (between Safa and
Marwa mountains) searching for water for her son. The baby
cried and hit the ground with his foot (some versions of the
story say that an angel scraped his foot or the tip of his wing
along the ground), and water miraculously sprang forth. This
source of water is today called the Well of Zamzam.
Prior to Prophet Muhammad's (SAW) era, each year tribes
from all around the Arabian Peninsula would converge on
Mecca, as part of the pilgrimage. The exact faith of the tribes
was not important at that time, and Christian Arabs were as
likely to make the pilgrimage as the pagans. Muslim historians
refer to the time before Prophet Muhammad (SAW) as alJahiliyah, the "Days of Ignorance", during which the Kaaba
contained hundreds of idols totems of each of the tribes of
the Arabian Peninsula, with idols of pagan gods such as
Hubal, Al-Lat, Uzza, and Manat. In 632 AD, when Prophet
Muhammad (SAW) led his followers from Medina to Mecca,
it was the first Hajj to be performed by Muslims alone, and the
only Hajj ever performed by Prophet Muhammad (SAW). He
cleansed the Kaaba, removed all of the idols, and re-ordained
the building as the house of God. It was from this point that
the Hajj became one of the Five Pillars of Islam.
The Hajj is a unique characteristic of Islam that requires
traveling and must be performed in Mecca in specific dates
and times.
II.

HAJJ IMPORTANCE

To clarify the importance of Hajj in the life of Muslim;

Hammudah Abdalati in his book, Islam in focus [5], different
literature review LRs [3-8], survey study and analysis,
interviews with people, as well as our personal experience in
performing Hajj and Umrah show that Hajj is enjoined by
Allah the Exalted (God) to serve many purposes among which
are the following:

It is the largest annual convention of Faith and unity of

Muslims Ummah (Nation); where Muslims meet to know
one another, study their common affairs and promote their
general welfare.

It is also the greatest regular conference of peace known

in the history of mankind. In the course of Hajj peace is
the dominant theme; peace with God, peace with other

people, peace with animals, peace with birds and even

with insects, and peace with trees and environment. To
disturb the peace of anyone or any creatures in any shape
or form is strictly prohibited.

It is a wholesome demonstration of the universality of

Islam and the brotherhood and equality of the Muslims.
From all walks of life, from all trades and classes, and
from every corner of the globe the Muslims assemble at
Mecca in response to the call of God. They dress in the
same simple way, observe the same regulations, utter the
same supplications at the same time in the same way, for
the same end. There is no royalty, but loyalty of all to
God. There is no aristocracy, but humility and devotion.

It is to confirm the commitment of the Muslims to God

and their readiness to forsake the material interests in his
service.

It is to acquaint the pilgrims with the spiritual and

historical environment of Prophet Muhammad, so that
they may derive warm inspirations and strengthen their
Faith.

Hajj is a great exercise for learning and practicing ethical

values specially patience, team work organization, and
sacrificing.

Hajj holds great economical, social, and scientific benefits

as well as it can be a giant mark between Muslims.

It is to commemorate the Divine rituals observed by

Abraham and Ishmael (Ibrahim and Ishmael), who are
known to have been the first pilgrims to the first house of
God (Allah) on earth, i.e., the Kabah at Mecca (Makkah).
It is a reminder of the Grand Assembly on the day of
Judgment when people will stand equal before God,
waiting for their Final Destiny, and where no superiority
of race or stock can be claimed.
It is a reminder of the fact that Mecca alone, in the whole
existing world, was honored by God in being the center of
monotheism since the time of Abraham, and that it will
continue to be the center of Islam, the religion of pure
monotheism, till the end of time.
In the performance of Hajj it can easily be observed that it
is a course of spiritual enrichment and moral rearmament,
a course of intensified devotion and disciplinary
experience, a course of humanitarian interests and
inspiring knowledge all put together in one single
institution of Islam.
Hajj is re-confirmation by pilgrims and all Muslims that
the entire course of devotion is to God alone.

The description of the rules and steps followed during the

Hajj are rather lengthy. However, it should be pointed out that
during the whole course of Hajj there should be guides always
available to help the pilgrims with right instructions.

HAJJ DIFFICULTIES AND ICT: ANALYTICAL STUDY

III.

There are more than one and half billion of Muslims live in
more than 100 Islamic countries beside other countries around
the world, where two to three millions of them performed Hajj
annually. The time and place limitations lead to several
difficulties and weaknesses that affect performing of Hajj
activities, which require suitable solutions. Although the Saudi
government and other Islamic organizations have great efforts
but still more efforts are needed to solve the remaining
weaknesses and difficulties. Based on literature review,
surveys, interviews, personal experience and analysis for
Hajjs difficulties and problems, we can summarize difficulties
into: Managerial, organizational, emergency and guidance
related problems; problems related to misunderstanding and
lack of information about Hajj by pilgrims; and difficulties in
dialogue between pilgrims them self and pilgrims with
organizational committees (since pilgrims are of multilanguages, multi-cultures, multi-races, multi-generations,
multi-genders, etc); as well as the weakness and inefficient
usage of the powerful facilities of information and
communication technologies ICT.
Table (1): Hajj Websites Survey
Sq

Hajj attributes

Fr /
70

Sq

Hajj attributes

Fr /
70

History

11

19

Act - Step by step

Definition

10

20

Maps

Verses & Hadith

21

Pictures

Advice / Guidance

11

22

Video

Types

23

Multimedia
performing Hajj

Rules

24

Hajj live coverage

Miqat

25

Chat & discussions

Significance

26

Translation & Other

Languages

Requirements

27

Q & A about Hajj

10

Conditions

28

Preparation before hajj

11

Errors

29

Travel program of hajj

12

Ihram

30

Hajj schedule

13

Sacrifice

31

Hajj visa requirements

14

Woman Hajj

32

Hajj Intro. To NonMuslims

15

Kids Hajj

33

First 10 days of thel

Hijjah

16

Proxy Hajj

34

Islamic Teaching series

17

Jurisprudence

35

Umrah

18

Dimensions of Hajj

on

A survey done for sample of websites related to Hajj. In

this survey we try to check and evaluate the contents and
design of the websites to specify weaknesses. The sample was
chosen randomly by two survey groups. First one focus on non
Arabic websites; they choose sample of (70) website and study
the existence of (35) attributes. Summary result of survey is
shown in table (1), which shows the frequency of each
attribute within the sample. The result shows the weaknesses
of most of the websites related to hajj. The second survey
group consider the Arabic websites; the result is better than
non Arabic in term of more attributes in the website but still
many of them suffer from mono-language and weakness in
Multimedia elements usage and live dialogue and chatting.
LR and survey results show the real need for a
comprehensive website for Hajj. We can summarize
weaknesses and difficulties related to Hajj as:

Lack of comprehensive database for Hajj related

stakeholders; pilgrims information, especially biometric
data, Hajj agents, Hajj guiders, governmental and
organizational committees.

processing information (computing, data storage, etc.). The

term has gained popularity partially due to the convergence of
information technology (IT) and telecom technology.
Information
and
Communication
Technologies
for
Development (ICT4D) is another general term referring to the
application of Information and Communication Technologies
within the field of socioeconomic development or
international development. ICTs can be applied to benefits the
disadvantaged population, or assist aid organizations or
governments in order to improve general socio-economic
conditions. In many regions of the world, legislative and
political measures are required to facilitate or enable
application of ICTs, especially with respect to monopolistic
communications structures and censorship laws.
LR [10-13] and personal experience shows that there are
many specifications and facilities offered by ICT that can help
in facilitating Hajj and overcoming many of its current
problems and difficulties; we can summarize these facilities
as:

Offering high capacity of data storage, processing and

retrieval.

Representing data in different Multimedia forms (text,

graph or picture, audio and video).

Offering powerful designing and development tools

including: multimedia, virtual and augmented reality,
database, web-based, scientific, artificial intelligent and
networking tools.

Lack of knowledge, misunderstanding, or wrong

understanding for Hajj activities and rules by some of the
pilgrims, agents, guiders and organization committees.

Lack of comprehensive and trusted educational systems

for Hajj.

Lack of multi-lingual database.

Lack of educational or e-learning systems for Hajj with

MM and Virtual Reality capabilities.

Offering high capability for communications and data

transmission.

Manual and not computerized activities related to hajj

done by agents, guiders and organizational committees.

Offering a cheap way of publication and deployment

through web and internet.

Lack of comprehensive geographical and guidance system

that offers information and maps for Mecca and all related
places for Hajj.

Lack of smart emergency, monitoring and guidance

system to serve Hajj.

Allowing users to participate in a rapidly changing world

in which work and other activities are increasingly
transformed by access to varied and developing
technologies.

Lack of Comprehensive Hajj emergency and guidance

system that integrated all units for emergency, healthcare,
guidance, security, police, traffic, immigration, Hajj
organizations, etc.

ICT tools can be used to find, explore, analyze, exchange

and present information responsibly and without
discrimination.

ICT can be employed to give users quick access to ideas

and experiences from a wide range of people,
communities and cultures.

Pilgrims have to wait in long queue for processing and

checking in airport(s) or other entry points when they
arrive or departure to Saudi Arabia Kingdom.
IV.

ICT ATTRIBUTES TO SERVE HAJJ

Wikipedia free encyclopedia [9] defines information and

communication technologies (ICT) as an umbrella term that
covers all technical means for processing and communicating
information. While this technically encompasses pre-digital
technologies, including paper-based writing, it is most often
used to describe digital technologies including methods for
communication (communication protocols, transmission
techniques,
communications
equipment,
media
(communication)), as well as techniques for storing and

We can conclude that Information and communication

technology has powerful facilities and capabilities, which are
suitable to solve the current difficulties in performing Hajj
activities.
V.

COMPREHENSIVE/ INTEGRATED HAJJ MODEL - IHM

To solve the Hajj difficulties; this research paper proposes

a Comprehensive / Integrated Hajj Model based on ICT. The
proposed solution includes integrating three main parts or
Modules as shown in Fig.1: firstly is a comprehensive
database module for Hajj, secondly is an educational or elearning module for Hajj, and thirdly is a portable emergency
and guidance module for Hajj. This comprehensive Hajj

model will serve different stakeholders such as pilgrims,

agents, guiders, medical staff, emergency staff, security staff,
immigration, police, hajj organizations, etc. It is mainly used
the powerful ICT facilities such as: database, Multimedia,
Virtual reality, Mobility and software engineering
methodology. The following sections show more details about
these three modules.
Comprehensive /
Integrated
Hajj Model-IHM

Hajj
Database Module (HDBM)

Hajj
Emergency & Guidance
Module (HEGM)

Hajj
Educational Module
(HEDM)

Figure (1): Comprehensive / Integrated Hajj Model Components

VI.

HAJJ DATABASE MODULE

This is a comprehensive database module that holds set of

database information related to: pilgrims, medical, healthcare,
and emergency centers and their staff, services, monitoring
and guidance centers and their staff (police, security force, fire
fighting, civil service, etc), hajj agents and guiding units
(Hamlat and Mutawifin) and their staff, hajj places and maps,
transportations and drivers, Daawa and Irshad (advise) units
and their staff, banks and hajj related services, shopping and
business centers, restaurants and food centers, hotels and
residence,
communication
centers,
airlines
offices,
conferences and lecture centers, etc. Table 2 shows sample of
different database files or tables and short explanations for its
contents.

Emergency centre(s)
staff info
Agents and guiding
units
Bank
Airline
Shopping & business
center
Embassy info

The IHM utilizes the 3-tier architecture including browser,

web server and MySQL database server. The Client side of the
model maybe the system administrator application, emergency
or healthcare center (MHCC) administrator application, doctor
application, Pilgrimages (Hajji) or any client. The database
stores all the information, doctors record and patient records.
The database records are mapped in the IHM model
application server. The main IHM architecture is shown in
Fig.2. This is because the 3-tier has several advantages as
follows:

Clear separation of user-interface-control and data

presentation from application logic.

Re-definition of the storage strategy would not influence

the clients.

Business-objects and data storage should be brought as

close together as possible. ideally they should be
physically on the same server.

In contrast to the 2-tier model, where only data is

accessible to the public, business objects can place
applications-logic or services on the network.

As a rule, servers are trusted systems. Their

authorization is simpler than that of thousands of untrusted client-PCs. Data protection and security is
simpler to obtain.

Dynamic load balancing: if bottlenecks in terms of

performance occur, the server process can be moved to
other server at runtime.

Table (2) Sample of different database files

Table Name

DESCRIPTION

User account

for user authentication

Pilgrim info. (personal)

Pilgrim
information
(biometric)
Pilgrim
information
(medical)
Medical & Health care
centre info

name, age, gender, DOB, nationality, address, etc.

Finger print, face recognition, voice recognition,
etc
Allergy, blood type, diabetes, medicines, surgery
operations, diseases, etc.
Medical & Health care centre (MHCC) information
(Name, address, specialization, work time, etc)

MHCC_staff_info

MHCC Staff information which include MHCC

administrator nurses, others except doctor

MHCC_doctor_ info

MHCC doctor information (name, specialization,

experience, address, contact, etc)

MHCC_work_slot

Diseases info
Emergency
info

Working slot of the doctors. This is to view the

availability of doctors.

Emergency centre(s) staff information (name, age,

gender, address, specialization, contact, etc)
Agents and guiding units information (code, name,
address, contact, etc)
Bank information (name, address, specialization,
work slot, etc)
Airline information(name, address, specialization,
work slot, etc)
Shopping & business center (s) information (name,
address, specialization, work slot, etc)
Embassy info (country, address, contact, work slot,
etc)

IHM Admin
Workstation
Doctor
Workstation
Web client

IHM
Application
server

Emergency
User
Pilgrims
Users
Other Hajj
related User

Diseases information and its appropriate treatment.

centre(s)

Emergency centre(s) information (name, address,

specialization, contact, etc)

Figure (2): IHM architecture

IHM
Database

The IHM architecture consists of several intercommunicating systems based on the application and users
situation. It provides access to users through mobile phones,
PDAs and other handheld mobile devices with multimediasupport capabilities. Users can also connect via fixed access
points linked to a LAN serviced by any server equipped with
wireless card. The server then connects to a wireless base
station providing them with broadband wireless access to the
IHM database.
VII.

HAJJ EDUCATION MODEL

As in every year, theres more than two millions of

individual who want to perform hajj. There are many things
they need to learn before they go to or perform hajj. Thus
some of them feel that the information that they have are
limited. Others feel they dont even know where to start from
and dont know who they should turn up to. The consequences
of not filling the requirement of Hajj may cause individual not
to have perfect hajj. In addition, they might dont even know
to whom to be contacted in case of having problem before and
during the performance of hajj. On the other hand the multi
lingual and culture environment in Hajj since people came
from different nations and races. To overcome such problems
we have to design and develop an interactive hajj educational
or learning system that provides trusted and comprehensive
information on the whole process of Hajj and related activities.
The product is basically a complete guidance of hajj. The main
components and capabilities of hajj educational module can be
summarized as:

Hajj definition, history, and importance.

Hajj legitimating based on Quran and Sunnah.
Types of Hajj
Hajj pillars, rules and conditions
Hajj mistakes and penalty
Hajj Ihram and Meqats
Hajj sacrificing and Hadi
Preparation for Hajj
Hajj schedule (step by step)
Virtual Hajj
Hajj jurisprudence (Fatwa)
Hajj maps
Hajj for woman and kids
Hajj proxy
Hajj live coverage
Hajj of prophet Mohammad-pbu (El-Wadaa)
Hajj of prophets companions
Hajj stories
Hajj lessons for Muslims Ummah
Hajj discussion forums and chatting
Hajj questions and answers
Hajj multimedia form (pictures, graphs, audio, video)
Hajj translations (multi-lingual)
Hajj healthcare advise
Hajj visa requirements and travel preparation
Hajj and governmental rules and conditions
Hajj self learning
Hajj emergency steps and actions

Hajj guidance steps and actions

Hajj lessons for non Muslims
Hajj peace and war
Hajj trading and business
Hajj and security
Hajj residence booking (hotels)
Hajj searching engine
Hajj agents and airlines
Umrah

Fig.3 is a prototype for Hajj educational Module. It

shows the Users Interface components.
Start

Main

Guidance on Performing Hajj

Information for Pilgrim

Exit
Password

Definition
History

Registration

Principle

Medical

Types

Expenditure

Steps

Flight & Visa

Miqat &
Ihram

Contact
Information

Penalty

Others

Others

Figure (3): Prototype for Hajj Users Interface components

The component of the educational product is divided into

two parts which are: Performance of Hajj and General
Information for Pilgrims. Performance of Hajj: In the section
we want to provide all detail of the steps and flow of
procedure of performing hajj. By mastering this, user can get
fully understanding of significant of hajj, history of hajj,
pilgrimage requirements, and proper performance of

compulsory and commendable religious rituals, forbidden

practices during pilgrimage. In general Information for
pilgrims section, we focused in explaining the roles and
responsibilities of Hajj agents as agency that handles pilgrims.
The purpose of Hajj agents is to provide services and assists
pilgrims before and during the Hajj rituals. This includes
registration matters, healthcare matters, the expenditure
needed, flight and contact information.
This hajj educational module will mainly produce in three
types of products: educational CD for Hajj, E-learning web for
Hajj, and mobile (PDA) version of e-learning for Hajj. The
CD will distributed to the pilgrims upon receiving their visa
from the agent or Saudi embassy so they can do self education
about Hajj and prepare them self before they travel to Mecca.
The E-learning web for Hajj will be available for public so
that everyone can visit that web and learn; beside that there
will be some dedicated parts to be used by specific
stakeholders, which requires registration first. Since mobile
nowadays are widely used and have powerful facilities and
capabilities so we have to develop a mobile version. Its
suitable version to download in the pilgrim or other users
mobile (hand phone set). In this version we have to consider
the limitations and specifications of mobile device and
programming tools.
VIII.

emergency and guidance Module based on the latest

broadband wireless technology WiMAX [20, 21], Multimedia
and Internet technology. Fig.4 shows main components. The
main features and capabilities of HEGM system include:

Wide area coverage and high bandwidth capability.

User friendly, better security and flexibility.
Live audio and video coverage of emergency situations.
Automatic pre-recorded Short Message Services (SMS)
and Multimedia Message Services (MMS) to all relevant
emergency services.
Site-location
and
intelligent
route-guidance
to
destinations.
Automatic access to all relevant information about
emergency victims.
Easy adaptability and portability for use in a number of
different occasions at different location.

Mobile
Phone

Guidance means 'to direct in a course or show the way to

be followed' [18]. It implies an intimate knowledge of the way
and all its difficulties and dangers. Guidance Systems today
provide a means of: allowing people to stay in touch with
events; access available educational, leisure and recreational
facilities in an unfamiliar environment and be able to trace
their ways back to their destinations such as hotels, conference
halls or places of residence, with relative easy.
Intelligent Guidance systems provide solutions to the
problem of moving around between sites and visiting locations
of interest. Each new system tries to address one or more
problems including: determining the current position of the
user and level of information needed by him, connection
problems and data transfer rates, system interface and
interactivity provided by the system [19]. So, there is a need to
integrate both emergency and guidance to produce a robust
system that allows changes to be made only to the database to
overcome the adaptability problems. To solve many of the
Hajj related problems, we proposes an integrated Hajj

PDA

Pilgrim /
User
emergen
police
PCs

WAP
Gateway

HAJJ EMERGENCY AND GUIDANCE MODULE

This part of the research paper discusses the Hajj

emergency and guidance module, which integrated with the
components of the previous two parts and adding more
components. Integration is done through a powerful
networking and communications. Enhancement of our medical
emergency model [15] is required to serve the Hajj. An
Emergency is "any event that arises in an environment having
the potential to adversely affect the health or safety of persons
and valuables in the area and requires immediate response by
them" [16]. An emergency system reduces the risk of an
emergency case to the health and safety of persons and
valuables by providing an effective means of communication
with relevant authorities, safety guidelines and measures to be
taken in an emergency situation [17].

Doctor

Wimax/Interne

Web-based Hajj Model

Intelligent Agent
(GUI)

Streaming Media
Server

Emergency/
Hospitals
Details

Web server

SMS/ MMS
Details

Database Server
(My SQL)

Pilgrim /
User Details

Map / Picture
video

Doctors
Details

Figure (4): HEG Module components

IX.

CONCLUSION

The current difficulties and weaknesses related to Hajj

require new effort to solve. ICT offers powerful facilities that
can participate in such solution. This research paper we study
and analyze hajj difficulties and ICT capabilities and proposing
a comprehensive Hajj Model as a solution. It consists mainly of
three parts: Hajj database module, Hajj educational module,
hajj emergency and guidance module. The third part which is
very important part and representing the core of the work since
it integrated all the previous part together and added more
capabilities for emergency and guidance. The paper only shows
main designs and components for these parts. The main

features of this model are: easy to use, does not require a prior
knowledge of the environment, utilized broadband wireless
capabilities, uses multimedia, internet and multi-lingual
capabilities such as preset SMS, MMS, and live video and
audio streaming in emergency situations based on user's
language. It is therefore flexible, portable, adaptable, provides
intelligent route guidance and robustness. The system fetches
information about all emergency response authorities from a
database and contacts them automatically. Such system is very
important and helpful in different cases of emergency besides
offering guidance for people in emergency or normal
occasions. The implementation of this system will lead to
control and reduce the harmful effects of disasters that happen
in Hajj. It can help in monitoring wide area for different
purposes beside guiding people to find their right way
especially in emergency cases. Mainly this research paper
offers set of solutions based on ICT capabilities, which
includes: Developing a comprehensive database for managing,
organizing and tracking pilgrims and their data; Multi- lingual
Web-based (or CD) Hajj Educational module to help in
overcoming the misunderstanding and lack of Hajj knowledge;
and Portable Hajj emergency and guidance module.
Implementation of the Hajj integrated model will offer
religious, educational, scientific, social, economical, political
and other benefits for Muslims beside that it can be consider as
a step toward Muslim unity and offering a unified
understanding and cooperation between Muslims.
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