Grade 11-36

Reporters: Cornelio, Marielle

Group 7 : Resource or Reserve

Tagala, Rechelle Sheen

T/F 1:30 3:00

Mahipos, John Andrew

1 | Page

RESOURCE OR RESERVE
Resource
- The total amount of an object, substance, or energy supply present.
Reserve
- The portion of the resource that is accessible.
Minerals
- are solid inorganic compounds, naturally occurring, have regular crystalline structure
and have definite chemical composition.
Ores
- Rock minerals that exist in quantities that can be extracted.

ORE DEPOSIT VS. MINERAL DEPOSIT

Mineral Deposit
- Showing of any type of minerals with value or for just scientific interest.
Ore Deposit
- is a mineral deposit with high economic value.

2 TYPES OF ORE DEPOSIT

Commercial Ore Deposit
- Suitable for mining in the present.
Non- Commercial Ore Deposit
- PROBLEMS IN MINNING: Transportation, prices and etc.

Source of Resources

Metallic/ Metals
Ferrous

Non-ferrous

Precious

Non- Metallic

Energy
Renewable

Non- renewable

Perpetual
Exhaustible

Construction
Industrial
Agricultural
Household and
Business Products
Precious Stones

2 TYPES OF MINING
Surface Mining
- Extraction of ore minerals near earths surface.
Underground Mining
- Extraction of ore minerals in ore body that can be found deep under the
Earths surface.

NEGATIVE ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS OF MINING

tailings piles, surface scars, land subsidence, and acid mine drainage can be minimized

Energy Resources

I.

Non- renewable
- takes millions of years to form.
Example:
Fossil fuels (oil, natural gas and coal)
Nuclear Power

II.

Renewable
- can be replenish over fairly short amount of time spans, such as months,
years or decades.
1. Perpetual (Never-ending)
- solar, wind, hydro and geothermal energy.
2. Exhaustible
- Renewable yet can be worn-out. It can be gained again in fairly amount
of time.
Example:
BIOMASS: Lumbers of trees takes a lot of time to grow.

Metals
-

Any of a category of electropositive elements that usually have a shiny surface, are
generally good conductors of heat and electricity
Characterized by ductility, malleability, luster and conductivity
are highly recyclable and reusable

Ferrous Metals

Primarily used for tensile strength and durability

Used in housing construction, industrial containers, large scale piping, etc
Make up the most recycled materials in the world
Cheaper than non-ferrous metals
Have magnetic properties
Resists oxidation
Contains iron
Are vulnerable to rust when exposed to elements

Exceptions:

Wrought iron resist rust due to its purity

Stainless steel is protected from rust by the presence of chromium

Examples of Ferrous:
Mild steel, carbon steel, stainless steel, cast iron and wrought iron

Non-ferrous Metals

Much more malleable than ferrous

Much lighter making them well suited for use where strength is needed
Contain no iron
Has higher resistance to rust and corrosion
Non-magnetic
Difficult to create, this makes the demand higher which drives up the prices higher than
ferrous metals

Example of Non-ferrous:
Aluminum, brass, copper, nickel, tin, lead and zinc (gold & silver; precious metals)

Precious Metals

Are naturally occurring metallic chemical of high economic value

Chemically, it is less reactive than most elements.
Usually ductile and have a higher luster

Example:
Gold, silver, platinum, palladium, ruthenium, osmium and iridium

NON-METALLIC
Nonmetallic resources not mined to extract a metal or an energy source.

Construction Materials sand, gravel, limestone, and gypsum

Agriculture phosphate, nitrate, and potassium compounds

Industrial Uses rock salt, sulfur, asbestos

Gemstones diamonds, rubies, etc.

Household And Business Products glass, sand, fluorite, diatomite, graphite