Professional Documents
Culture Documents
STRUCTURAL ASSEMBLY
AND RIGGING
8-1
KOI
What device in a hydraulic system with a constant
delivery pump allows circulation of the fluid when no
demands are on the system?
A 1 Pressure regulator.
B 1 Pressure relief valve.
C 1 Shuttle valve.
8-2
KOI
A fully charged hydraulic accumulator provides
A 1 positive fluid flow to the pump inlet.
B 1a source for additional hydraulic power when heavy
demands are placed on the system.
C 1 air pressure to the various hydraulic components.
8-3
KOI
A hydraulic system referred to as a "power pack" system
will
A 1 have an engine driven pump for greater pressure. B
1 have all hydraulic power components located in one
unit.
C 1 have a pressurized reservoir.
8-4
KOI
A hydraulic hose identified as MIL-H-8794 will have a
yellow stripe running the length of the hose. This stripe
A 1 identifies that the hose is constructed of synthetic
rubber and may be suitable for a wide range of applications.
B 1 identifies that the hose is for hydraulic fluid only.
C 1 is used to ensure that the hose is installed without
excessive twisting.
8-5
KOI
An O ring intended for use in a hydraulic system using
MIL-H-5606 (mineral base) fluid will be marked with
A 1 one or more white dots.
B 1 a blue stripe or dot.
C 1 a white and yellow stripe.
8-2
8-6
KOI
What condition would most likely cause excessive
fluctuation of the pressure gauge when the hydraulic
pump is operating?
A 2 O ring seal.
B 2 gasket seal.
C 2chevron seal.
8-11
L01
Which allows free fluid flow in one direction and no fluid
flow in the other direction?
A 2 Check valve. B 2
Metering piston. C 2
Shutoff valve.
8-3
8-12. Answer C. JSAT 8-28 (AC65-15A)
A 3 Sequence. B
3 Shuttle. C 3
Selector.
8-13
L01
What function does the absolute pressure regulator perform
in the pneumatic power system?
A 3 Regulates the compressor outlet air pressure to stabilize the system pressure.
B 3 Regulates the compressor inlet air to provide a stabilized source of air for the compressor.
C 3 Regulates the pneumatic system pressure to protect
the moisture separator from internal explosion.
8-14
L01
(1)Relief valves are used in pneumatic systems as damage
preventing units.
(2)Check valves are used in both hydraulic and pneumatic
systems.
Regarding the above statements,
8-17
L01
8-4
8-18
L01
An aircraft pneumatic system, which incorporates an
engine driven multistage reciprocating compressor, also
requires
A 4 a surge chamber.
B 4 an oil separator.
C 4 a moisture separator.
8-19
L01
The removal of air from an aircraft hydraulic system is generally accomplished
A 4 through automatic bleed valves on individual components during system operation.
B 4 by allowing the system to remain inoperative for several hours.
C 4 by operating the various hydraulic components
through several cycles.
8-20
L01
Pneumatic systems utilize
A4return lines.
Brelief valves.
C diluter valves.
8-21
L01
The component in the hydraulic system that is used to
direct the flow of fluid is the
A 4 check valve.
B 4 orifice check valve.
C 4 selector valve.
8-22
L01
What type of selector valve is one of the most commonly
used in hydraulic systems to provide for simultaneous flow
of fluid into and out of a connected actuating unit?
A 4 Three port, four way valve. B 4
Four port, closed center valve. C 4
Two port, open center valve.
8-23
L01
What is the purpose of using backup rings with O rings in
hydraulic systems above 1,500 PSI?
A 4 Prevent high pressure from extruding the seal between
the moving and stationary part.
B 4 Provide a seal between two parts of a unit which move
in relation to each other.
C 4 Prevent internal and external leakage of all moving
parts within a hydraulic system.
8-26
L01
Which characteristics apply to aircraft hydraulic systems?
1. Minimum maintenance requirements.
2. Lightweight.
3. About 80 percent operating efficiency (20 percent
loss due to fluid friction).
4. Simple to inspect.
8-5
8-24. Answer C. JSAT 8-35 (AC65-15A)
One purpose of a pressure regulator is to manage the output of the pump to maintain system operating pressure
within a predetermined range. The other purpose is to permit the pump to turn without resistance (termed unloading
the pump) at times when pressure in the system is within
normal operating range.
A 51, 2 , 3 , 4 .
B 5 1, 2,4.
C 5 1,3,4.
8-27
L01
If a rigid tube is too short for the flare to reach its seat
before tightening, pulling it into place by tightening
A 5 may distort the flare.
B 5 is acceptable.
C 5 may distort the cone.
8-28
L01
The installation of a new metal hydraulic line should be
made with
A 5 a straight tube to withstand the shocks and vibration
to which it will be subjected.
B 5 enough bends to allow the tube to expand and contract
with temperature changes and to absorb vibration.
C 5 a straight tube to permit proper alignment of the fitting
and thereby reduce fluid loss through leakage.
8-29
L01
Extrusion of an O ring seal is prevented in a high pressure
system by the use of a
A 5 backup ring on the side of the O ring next to the pressure.
B5 U ring on the side of the O ring away from the pressure.
C 5 backup ring on the side of the O ring away from the
pressure.
8-6
8-30
L01
What is one advantage of piston type hydraulic motors over
electric motors?
A 6 They work satisfactorily over a wider temperature
range.
B 6 There is no fire hazard if the motor is stalled.
C 6 They are considerably quieter in operation.
8-31
L01
Generally, the first step in removing an accumulator from an
aircraft is to
A 6 drain the reservoir.
B 6 relieve system pressure.
C 6 discharge the preload.
8-32
L01
(Refer to figure 11.) Which fitting is an AN flared tube fitting?
A 1 and 2
B 1 and 3
C 3
8-33
L01
(Refer to figure 12.) Which illustration(s) show(s) the correct spiral for teflon backup rings?
A 7 1 and 2. B 7 1 and 3. C 73.
Illustration 2 would cause a "hump" in the compressed "O" ring and a shearing tendency in the backup ring. Illustration 1 is
correct and under pressure takes on the appearance of Illustration 3.
8-34
L02
If a hydraulic brake system uses neoprene rubber packing materials, the correct hydraulic fluid to service the system is
A 9 mineral base oil.
B 9 phosphate ester base oil.
C 9 vegetable base oil.
8-7
8-35
L02
The internal resistance of a fluid which tends to prevent it from flowing is called
A 10 volatility. B 10 viscosity. C 10 acidity.
8-36
L02
What is the viscosity of hydraulic fluid?
A 10 The internal resistance of a fluid which tends to prevent it from flowing.
B 10 The increase in volume of a fluid due to temperature change.
C 10 The fluid's ability to resist oxidation and deterioration for long periods.
8-8
8-37
LQ2
Which is a characteristic of petroleum base hydraulic fluid?
A 12 Nonflammable under all conditions.
B 12 Flammable under normal conditions.
C 12 Compatible to natural rubber seals and packings.
8-38
L02
(1)When servicing aircraft hydraulic systems, use the type
fluid specified in the aircraft manufacturer's mainte
nance manual or on the instruction plate affixed to the
reservoir or unit.
(2)Hydraulic fluids for aircraft are dyed a specific color for
each type of fluid.
Regarding the above statements,
8-40
L02
Which of the following is adversely affected by atmospheric humidity if left unprotected?
1. MIL-H-5606 hydraulic fluid.
2. Skydrol hydraulic fluid.
3. None of the above.
A 122.
B 12 1 and 2.
C 123.
8-41
L02
Which is a characteristic of synthetic base hydraulic fluid?
A 12 Low flash point.
B 12 Low moisture retention.
C 12 High flash point.
8-42
L02
Which statement about fluids is correct?
A 12 All fluids are considered to be highly compressible.
B 12 Any fluid will completely fill its container.
C 12
All fluids readily transmit pressure.
8-9
8-43. Answer A. JSAT 8-7 (AC65-15A)
There are three types of hydraulic fluid currently being
used in civil aircraft 13 vegetable, mineral, and phosphate
ester base.
L02
8-10
8-49
L02
If an aircraft hydraulic system requires mineral base
hydraulic fluid, but phosphate ester base hydraulic fluid is
used, what will be the effect on the system?
A 14 System will be contaminated, fluids will not blend,
and the seals will fail.
B 14 No effect.
C 14 System will be contaminated, fluids will not blend,
but there will be no seal problem.
8-50
L02
What is used to flush a system normally serviced with MILH-5606 hydraulic fluid?
A 14 Naphtha or varsol.
B 14 Lacquer thinner or trichlorethylene.
C 14 Methyl ethyl ketone or kerosene.
8-51
L02
Components containing phosphate ester-base hydraulic
fluid may be cleaned with
A 14 Naphtha.
B 14 Carbon tetrachloride.
C 14 Stoddard solvent.
8-52
L02
How can the proper hydraulic fluid to be used in an airplane be determined?
A 14 Consult the aircraft manufacturer's service manual.
B 14 Refer to the aircraft parts manual.
C 14 Consult the aircraft Type Certificate Data Sheet.
8-53
L02
Phosphate ester base hydraulic fluid is very susceptible to
contamination from
8-11
8-55. Answer C. JSAT 8-55
Quite frequently in hydraulic systems it is necessary to
provide alternate or emergency sources of power with
which to operate critical parts of the system. In such a
case, there must be a means of disconnecting the normal
source of hydraulic power and connecting the emergency
source of power. This is the function of a shuttle valve.
8-56. Answer A. JSAT 8-39 (AC65-15A)
An actuating cylinder transforms energy in the form of
fluid pressure into mechanical force, or action, to
perform work.
8-12
8-61
L03
Unloading valves are used with many engine driven
hydraulic pumps to
A 16 dampen out pressure
surges. B 16 relieve system
pressure. C 16 relieve the pump
pressure.
8-62
L03
What safety device is usually located between the driving
unit and hydraulic pump drive shaft?
A 16 Thermal relief valve.
B 16 Pump motor safety switch.
C 16 Pump drive coupling shear section.
8-63
L03
Which valve installed in a hydraulic system will have the
highest pressure setting?
A 16 Thermal relief valve. B
16 Pressure regulator valve.
C 16 Main relief valve.
8-64
L03
Excluding lines, which components are required to make up
a simple hydraulic system?
A 16 Pump, reservoir, relief valve, and shuttle valve.
B 16 Actuator, pressure reservoir, accumulator, and selector
valve.
C 16 Pump, reservoir, selector valve, and actuator.
8-65
L03
Most variable displacement hydraulic pumps of current
design
A 16 contain a built in means of system pressure regulation.
B 16 must be driven at a nearly constant speed in order to
be practical for use.
C 16 are not practical for use with a closed center hydraulic
system.
8-66
L03
In a gear type hydraulic pump, a mechanical safety device
incorporated to protect the pump from overload is the
A 16 check valve. B
16 shear pin. C 16
bypass valve.
8-67
L03
After installation of a rebuilt hydraulic hand pump, it is
found that the handle cannot be moved in the pumping
direction (pressure stroke). The most likely cause is an
incorrectly installed
A 16 hand pump outport check valve.
B 16 hand pump inport check valve.
C 16 inport/outport orifice check
valve.
8-70
L03
Using a hand pump, pressure of 100 PSI has been built up
in a hydraulic system. The hand pump piston is 1 inch in
diameter. A 1/2-inch line connects the hand pump to an
actuating cylinder 2 inches in diameter. What is the pressure in the line between the hand pump and the actuator?
A
17150
PSI. B 17
100 PSI. C
17 200PSI.
8-13
8-68. Answer B. JSAT 8-2 (AC65-9A)
8-71
L03
Heat exchanger cooling units are required in some aircraft
hydraulic systems because of
A 17 fluid flammability.
B 17 the high heat generated from braking.
C 17 high pressures and high rates of fluid flow.
8-72
L03
Which is true regarding the ground check of a flap operating mechanism which has just been installed?
A 17 If the time required to operate the mechanism
increases with successive operations, it indicates the
air is being worked out of the system.
B 17 If the time required to operate the mechanism
decreases with successive operations, it indicates the
air is being worked out of the system.
C 17 All hydraulic lines and components should be
checked for leaks by applying soapy water to all connections.
8-14
8-73
L03
A hydraulic system operational check during ground runup
of an aircraft indicates that the wing flaps cannot be lowered using the main hydraulic system, but can be lowered
by using the emergency hand pump. Which is the most
likely cause?
A 18 The pressure accumulator is not supplying pressure
to the system.
B 18 The fluid level in the reservoir is low.
C 18 The flap selector valve has a severe internal leak.
8-74
L03
Many hydraulic reservoirs contain a small quantity of fluid
which is not available to the main system pump. This fluid
is retained to
A 18 supply fluid to the auxiliary pump.
B 18 prime the main system.
C 18 supply fluid to the pressure accumulator.
8-75
L03
The unit which causes one hydraulic operation to follow
another in a definite order is called a
A 18 selector valve.
B 18 shuttle valve. C
18 sequence valve.
8-76
L03
The purpose of a hydraulic pressure regulator is to
A 18 prevent the system pressure from rising above a
predetermined amount due to thermal expansion.
B 18 relieve the pump of its load when no actuating units
are being operated.
C 18 boost the pressure in portions of the system.
8-77
L03
Severe kickback of the emergency hydraulic hand pump
handle during the normal intake stroke will indicate which
of the following?
A 18 The main system relief valve is set too high.
B 18 The hand pump inport check valve is sticking open.
C 18 The hand pump outport check valve is sticking open.
8-78
L03
What type of valve in an aircraft hydraulic system permits
fluid to flow freely in one direction, but restricts the rate at
which fluid is allowed to flow in the other direction?
A 18 Orifice check
valve. B 18 Orifice
restrictor. C 18 Check
valve.
8-15
8-79. Answer B. JSAT 8-12
A power control valve, or pump control valve, is a semiautomatic valve which is manually closed and
automatically opened. Its purpose is to allow fluid to
circulate back to the reservoir to relieve the pump. This
valve must be closed before attempting to adjust the main
system pressure relief valve, because pressure will not
build in the system with it open.
8-80. Answer B. JSAT 8-37 (AC65-15A)
The accumulator is a steel sphere divided into two
chambers by a synthetic diaphragm. The upper chamber
contains system fluid and the lower chamber contains an
air pre-charge. Once the hydraulic system is pressurized,
the lower pressure is increased by compression until the
air pressure equals the system pressure.
8-16
8-84
L03
Which seals are used with vegetable base hydraulic fluids?
A 20 Natural
rubber. B 20 Butyl
rubber. C 20
Siliconerubber.
8-85
LOS
The air that is expended and no longer needed when an
actuating unit is operated in a pneumatic system is
A 20 returned to the compressor.
B 20 exhausted or dumped, usually overboard.
C 20 charged or pressurized for use during the next
operating cycle.
8-86
L03
Some hydraulic systems incorporate a device which is
designed to remain open to allow a normal fluid flow in the
line, but closed if the fluid flow increases above an
established rate. This device is generally referred to as a
A. hydraulic fuse.
B. metering check valve.
C. flow regulator.
8-87
L03
When hydraulic system pressure control and relief units
fail to function properly, how are most systems protected
against overpressure?
A 20 A shear section on the main hydraulic pump drive
shaft.
B 20 One or more hydraulic fuses installed in the pressure
and return lines.
C 20 A shuttle valve interconnecting the main and emergency systems.
8-88
L03
A worn hydraulic pump shaft seal can normally be detect ed by
A 20 hydraulic fluid flowing from the pump drain
line. B 20 the presence of hydraulic fluid around the
pump
mounting pad.
C 20 evidence of hydraulic fluid combined in the engine
Oil.
8-89
L03
If an engine driven hydraulic pump of the correct capacity
fails to maintain normal system pressure during the opera tion of a cowl flap actuating unit, the probable cause is
A 20 restriction in the pump outlet.
B 20 a partial restriction in the inport of the selector valve.
C 20 mechanical interference to the movement of the cowl
flap.
8-94
L03
Quick disconnect couplings in hydraulic systems provide
a means of
A 21 easily replacing hydraulic lines in areas where leaks
are common.
B 21 quickly connecting and disconnecting hydraulic lines
and eliminate the possibility of contaminates entering the system.
C 21 quickly connecting and disconnecting hydraulic
lines without loss of fluid or entrance of air into the
system.
8-95
L03
Which seal/material is used with phosphate ester base
hydraulic fluids?
A 21 Silicone rubber. B
21 Neoprene rubber. C
21 Butyl rubber.
8-17
8-90. Answer B. JSAT 8-19 (AC65-15A)
8-18
8-96
L03
A hydraulic pump is a constant-displacement type if it
A 22 produces an unregulated constant pressure.
B 22 produces a continuous positive pressure. C
22 delivers a uniform rate of fluid flow.
8-97
L03
A hydraulic motor converts fluid pressure to
A 22 linear motion.
Brotary motion.
C 22 angular motion.
8-98
L03
A cross-flow valve which is designed to bypass fluid from
one side of an actuating cylinder to the other side, under
certain conditions, may be found in some aircraft installed
in the
A 22 flap overload system. B
22 landing gear system. C 22
engine cowl flap system.
8-99
L03
Hydraulic fluid filtering elements constructed of porous
paper are normally
A 22 discarded at regular intervals and replaced with new
filtering elements.
B 22 not approved for use in certificated aircraft.
C 22 cleaned and reused.
8-100
L03
A pilot reports that when the hydraulic pump is running,
the pressure is normal. However, when the pump is
stopped, no hydraulic pressure is available. This is an indication of a
8-106
L03
An emergency supply of fluid is often retained in the main
hydraulic system reservoir by the use of a standpipe. The
supply line is connected to the
A 23 inlet of the emergency pump. B
23 inlet of the main system pump. C
23 inlet of the main hydraulic system.
8-107
L03
To check the air charge in a hydraulic accumulator,
A 23 read it directly from the auxiliary pressure gauge.
B 23 reduce all hydraulic pressure, then observe the reading on the accumulator air gauge.
C 23 observe the first reading on the hydraulic system
gauge while operating a component in the system.
8-19
8-102. Answer C. JSAT 8-18 (AC65-15A)
Pressurizing a reservoir with air is accomplished by
forcing air into the reservoir above the level of the fluid.
In most cases, the initial source of the air pressure is the
aircraft engine from which it is bled. Usually, air coming
directly from the engine is at a pressure of approximately
100 PSI. This pressure is reduced to between 5 and 15
PSI, depending on the type of hydraulic system, by using
an air pressure regulator.
8-103. Answer B. JSAT 8-16 (AC65-15A)
Aircraft flying at high altitude, with lower atmospheric
pressure, have a problem with foaming of hydraulic fluid.
Pressurizing hydraulic reservoirs minimizes this problem.
8-20
8-108
L03
How would the air pressure charge in the accumulator be
determined if the engine is inoperative, but the system still
has hydraulic pressure?
A 24 Operate a hydraulic unit slowly and note the
pressure
at which a rapid pressure drop begins as it goes
toward zero.
B 24 Read it directly from the main system pressure gauge
with all actuators inoperative.
C 24 Build up system pressure with the emergency pump
and then read the pressure on a gauge attached to the
air side of the accumulator.
8-109
L03
How many of these seals are used with petroleum base
hydraulic fluids?
1. Synthetic rubber.
2. Natural rubber.
3. Neoprene rubber.
A 24 Two.
B 24 One.
C
24Three.
8-110
L03
Hydraulic system thermal relief valves are set to open at a
A 24 lower pressure than the system pressure regulator. B
24 lower pressure than the system relief valve.
C 24
higher pressure than the system relief valve.
8-111
L03
Chatter in a hydraulic system is caused by
A 24 excessive system pressure.
B 24 air in the system.
C 24 insufficient system pressure.
Thermal relief valves are used to relieve excessive pressures that may exist due to thermal expansion of the fluid.
They are adjusted to pressures which are above those
required for the operation of the systems or the other relief
valves, so they do not interfere with normal operation.
8-112
L03
If hydraulic fluid is released when the air valve core of the
accumulator is depressed, it is evidence of
A 24 a leaking check valve.
B 24 a ruptured diaphragm or leaking seals.
C 24 excessive accumulator air pressure.
8-113
L03
Although dents in the heel of a bend are not permissible,
they are acceptable in the remainder of a hydraulic tube
providing they are less than what percent of the tube diameter?
A 24 10.
B 24 20.
C 245.
If hydraulic fluid is found in the air chamber of an accumulator, there is a leak between the two chambers. In such
cases, the accumulator must be removed and repaired.
8-21
8-114. Answer A. JSAT 8-37 (AC65-15A)
hi a hydraulic system which is shut down (pump not turning), there will only be pressure showing on the gage if the
accumulator has a preload. Although the pressure in the
system when the pump is running might be normal, the
operation of the system with an accumulator which has
lost its preload will not be normal.
8-115. Answer B. JSAT 8-30 (AC65-15A)
Allows limited operating speed through restricted flow of
fluid. Restrictors are a type of control valve used in pneumatic systems. The small outlet port reduces the rate of
flow and the speed of operation of an actuating unit.
8-22