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1045MediumTensileCarbonSteelBar|Interlloy|EngineeringSteels+Alloys

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1045MediumTensileCarbonSteelBar
1045isamediumtensilelowhardenabilitycarbonsteelgenerallysuppliedintheblackhotrolledoroccasionallyinthenormalisedcondition,withatypicaltensile
strengthrange570700MpaandBrinellhardnessrange170210ineithercondition.Characterisedbyfairlygoodstrengthandimpactproperties,plusgood
machinabilityandreasonableweldabilityinthehotrolledornormalisedcondition.
1045hasalowthroughhardeningcapabilitywithsectionsuptoaround60mmonlygenerallyrecommendedassuitableforthroughhardeningandtempering.Itcan
howeverbesuccessfullyflameorinductionhardenedintheasrolledornormalisedconditionresultinginsurfacehardnessesofuptoRc54Rc60dependingupon
quenchingmediumemployed,typeofsetup,sectionsizeetc.Corestrengthswillremainassupplied.
Itdoesnothoweverrespondsatisfactorilytonitridingduetoalackofsuitablealloyingelements.
1045isusedextensivelybyallindustrysectorsforapplicationsrequiringmorestrengthandwearresistancethanthelowcarbonmildsteelscanprovideandthe
higherstrengthofthelowalloyhightensilesteelsisnotnecessary,plusthoseapplicationsrequiringflameorinductionhardening.
Typicalapplicationsare:AxlesVarious,Bolts,ConnectingRods,HydraulicClampsandRams,PinsVarious,RollsVarious,Studs,Shafts,Spindlesetc.
ColourCode

StockedSizes

Serpentine(BarEnd)

Rounds

16mm690mmDia

Squares

25mm100mm

RelatedSpecifications
Australia

AS144219921045

Germany

W.Nr1.0503C45
W.Nr1.1191CK45

GreatBritain

BS970Part31991080A47
BS970Part11972080M46
BS9701955EN43B

Japan

JISG4051S45C

USA

AISIC1045
ASTMA29/A29M911045
SAE1045
UNSG10450

ChemicalComposition

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1045MediumTensileCarbonSteelBar|Interlloy|EngineeringSteels+Alloys
Min.%

Max.%

Carbon

0.43

0.50

Silicon

0.10

0.35

Manganese

0.60

0.90

TypicalMechanicalPropertiesHotRolledCondition
TensileStrengthMpa

570700

YieldStrengthMpa

300450

Elongationin50mm%

1430

HardnessBrinellHB

170210

TypicalMechanicalPropertiesNormalisedCondition
TensileStrengthMpa

640

YieldStrengthMpa

410

Elongationin50mm%

22

ImpactIzodJ

54

Hardness

HB

187

Rc

10

*Materialstockedgenerallyinthehotrolledconditionbutcanoccasionallybeinthenormalisedcondition.NB.Checkthemillcertificateifcriticalforenduse.
TypicalMechanicalPropertiesHardenedbyWaterQuenchat820oC850oCoroilquenchat830oC860oCandTemperedBetween540oC680oC
SectionSizemm

upto16mm

1740mm

41100mm

Min

700

650

630

Max

850

800

780

YieldStrengthMpa

Min

500

430

370

Elongationin50mm%

Min

14

16

17

ImpactCharpyJ

Average

30

30

30

HardnessHB

Min

210

195

185

Max

245

235

230

TensileStrengthMpa

Forging
Preheatto750oC800oC,thencontinueheatingto1100oC1200oCmaximum,holduntiltemperatureisuniformthroughoutthesectionandcommenceforging
immediately.Donotforgebelow850oC
Finishedforgingsmaybeaircooled.
HeatTreatment
Annealing
Heatto800o C850o Cholduntiltemperatureisuniformthroughoutthesection,andcoolinfurnace.
FlameorInductionHarderning
Heatasquicklyaspossibletotheaustenitictemperaturerange(820o C860o C)andrequiredcasedepthfollowedbyanimmediatewateroroilquench,dependingupon
hardnessrequired,workpiecesize/shapeandquenchingarrangements.Theblackhotrolled/normalisedsurfacewillfirstrequiretobemachinedsufficientlytoremoveanyde
carburisedlayer,otherwiselessthansatisfactoryresultswillbeobtained.
Followingquenchingtohandwarm,mostcomponentsshouldbetemperedat150o C200o Ctoremovequenchingstressesinthecase.Thiswillhavelittleeffectoncase
hardness.
Hardening
Heatto820o C850o Cholduntiltemperatureisuniformthroughoutthesection,soakfor1015minutesper25mmofsection,andquenchinwaterorbrine.
or:
Heatto830o C860o Csoakasaboveandquenchinoil.Temperimmediatelywhilestillhandwarm.

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Normalizing
Heatto870o C920o Cholduntiltemperatureisuniformthroughoutthesection,soakfor1015minutes.Coolinstillair.
StressRelieving
Heatto550o C660o Cholduntiltemperatureisuniformthroughoutthesection,soakfor1hourper25mmofsection,andcoolinstillair.
Tempering
Reheatto400o C650o Casrequired,holduntiltemperatureisuniformthroughoutthesection,soakfor1hourper25mmofsection,andcoolinstillair.
NotesonHeatTreatment
Heatingtemperatures,rateofheating,coolingandsoakingtimeswillvaryduetofactorssuchasworkpiecesize/shape,alsofurnacetypeemployed,quenchingmediumand
workpiecetransferfacilitiesetc.Pleaseconsultyourheattreaterforbestresults.
Machining
1045inthehotrolledandnormalisedconditionhasverygoodmachinabilityandalloperationssuchassawing,turning,drilling,broaching,millingandtappingetc.canbe
carriedoutsatisfactorilyusingmachinemanufacturersrecommendationsforsuitabletooltype,feedsandspeeds.
Welding
1045isreadilyweldableintheasrolledandnormalisedconditionprovidingthecorrectprocedureisemployed.Followingweldingtheworkpieceimmediatelyuponcooling
tohandwarmshouldbestressrelievedat550o C660o Cifpossible.
NB.Weldinginthehardenedandtempered,flameorinductionhardenedconditionisnotrecommended.
WeldingProcedure
Weldingof1045shouldalwaysbecarriedoutusinglowhydrogenelectrodes.Pleaseconsultyourweldingconsumablessupplier.
SuggestedPreheatTemperature
Section

25mm

50mm

75mm

150mm+

oC

100

140

200

300

PostWelding
Coolasslowlyaspossibleindrylime,sandetc.

Interlloybelievestheinformationprovidedisaccurateandreliable.Howevernowarrantyofaccuracy,completenessorreliabilityisgiven,norwillany
responsibilitybetakenforerrorsoromissions.

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