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Modern Hapkido
100% Self Defense
Self Defense Manual
60 Second Lessons in Survival
WRITER:
DATE:
Table of Contents:
Introduction and Purpose
Modern Hapkido Summary, Three Musts, 4 Piles, System
Overview
Awareness, Safe Distance, Interview, Verbal Parries,
Pre-attack Cues, Footwork, Movement, and Blocking
Explosive Physical Response EPR, Improvised Explosive Defense
Targets, Basic Strikes, Basic Kicks
Throws, Takedowns, and 3 Selected Locks
Dirty Tricks, First Strikes, and Improvised Weapons
Punches, Grab and Punch, Kick Defense, Hair Grabs
Uses C.O.R.E.
Techniques
Takes into account
the most common
types of attacks.
Recognizes the
attacker may use a
weapon.
o Plan to Defend
yourself
o Plan to Defend
yourself
Intent
Interview
Positioning
An axiom for survival and escape is that the Response must be equal to
the Threat or if you like a shorter version,
Pile 2 Threats
Professional Control & Restraint
Police, Corrections Officers
Responses:
Responses:
Footwork, Movement, Strikes, Kicks, Minimum Custody Situations,
Head Control, Takedowns, Throws, Takedowns, Pins, Throws, Joint
Dirty Tricks
Locks, Escort techniques, Arrest
Tactics, Handcuffing
Covered
Pile 3 Threats
Grabs and other Assaults
Responses:
Simple Escapes, Joint Locks,
Strikes, Kicks, Throws, Joint Locks
Pile 4 Threats
Sentry removal, Covert ops
Responses:
Chokes, Neck breaks, Use of
Knives and Firearms, other
Covered
The Three
Musts
S.A.F.E.
S = Sense it, Be Aware
A= Avoid it , Evade
F = Fight to Freedom*
E= Escape to Safety
* As unpleasant as it may
be, at this stage you may
have to stun or hurt your
attacker enough so that you
can leave
Escape = Survive and Leave.
If an attacker makes or
attempts physical Contact
with you, Counter Attack!
Any invasion of personal
space or attempted physical
Contact, if it happens after
a warning or verbal parry =
An Attack!
2008 Victor M Cushing
Contestant = Win
Fight
Mind Control
Mental Awareness
External and Internal
Threat Recognition
Accepting Situation for what
it may become
Threat Realization
Actual Threat Exists
Strategy
You Must Use Your Heart
Verbal Commands
Escape
Alarms
Attack Plans
Available Assets
Focus
Technique
Train Realistically
survive!
In a violent situation my
goals are very basic:
I will be a Wolf!
Survival
I am not a sheep!
In a violent situation my
choices are:
I will:
Wolf or Sheep
Visualize responses
Improvise
Carry a cell phone
Consider legal carry
of a weapon
Threat Levels
Threat Levels
Yellow
Orange
Red
Size-Body Type =
Danger!
Number, 2 or More =
Danger!
Weapons =
Danger!
Leave me alone
You need to leave now!
Back off
This is over
Back away
I dont want to hurt you!
Think I am in trouble,
But
..
There are some things I can
control or do right
nowThen you will start to
think of solutions.
765...4
In a confrontation the situation may escalate and get to condition red where
the threat is clear, an attack is about to happen.
In an ambush because the attacker has already made his move you are
already under attack.
Both of these call for you to respond to the threat. Remember the response
must be equal to the threat. You have to deal with what is happening.
Youre now the Wolf!
The C.O.R.E. manual offers options for avoiding conflict and defusing it.
Those options have been exhausted or skipped because you were ambushed.
Now you are at the place where you must defend yourself.
There are two concepts you should become familiar with
Explosive Physical Response or EPR
EPR means that you go into action like a rocket launching. Once you must
defend yourself or someone else, you put 100% of your effort, mind, body and
soul into only that. You attack the attacker exploding into him with, hands,
forearms, elbows, shoulders, feet, legs, knees, nails, teeth and whatever other
weapons you can bring to bear on him so as to stop his assault and keep him
from renewing it or pursuing you when you make your escape. You want to do
EPR so as to avoid anyone doing CPR on you.
Improvised Effective Defense or IED
As you attack you find the closest targets and hit or kick them, you will switch
to other targets if your attacker moves or reacts or if you are in a different
position as you move forward. There is no one single best way to deal with an
attack, you will adjust and improvise always keeping the goal of making sure
he is unable to hurt you again. You should stay in motion and on the attack
until there is no doubt it is over. You want to do IED so as to avoid ICU for
yourself.
Even though
particular examples
may be shown with a
male defender, the
techniques work for
females.
Even though
particular examples
may be shown with a
female defender, the
techniques work for
males.
goal is
Gender Issues in
Confrontations
Womens biggest issues:
TPS
It is OK to have fun.
Enjoy yourself, just dont
become a Clown, Idiot,
A**hole, Jerk (you can
supply any phrase you
prefer).
Have a buddy system, so
someone is watching out for
your interests.
Drink moderately as a part
of socializing, not as your
main objective.
o Focused on Reading
Awareness
You have to be willing to
accept that violent dangerous
confrontations might happen
to anyone.
Violence is unpredictable, but
you can learn to be prepared
and deal with it.
If your senses or intuition say there
is a problem, listen!
Be a Wolf!
You should be a well
behaved alert critter until the
options are exhausted
then Attack!
Be a Wolf!
You should be a well
behaved alert critter until the
options are exhausted
then Attack!
2008 Victor M Cushing
Multiple Aggressors =
More Distance
Neutral Position
Do not show that you
are ready to fight
Instead take a nonthreatening position
that covers your head
and throat
Neutral, Non-verbal = calm
Condition Yellow
Negotiating Position
Palms Up
Hands Apart
Neutral expression
Eyebrows slightly raised
Use Verbal Responses:
Condition Orange
Condition Red
Your Actions:
Turn Towards him ASAP!
Eyes to Center of mass
Counter Attack!
Condition Red
Confrontation
Drop Chin
Gaze Center of Mass
Stay Ready
The Wolf in you might say in a
loud voice, Back off, I dont
want to hurt you
Be ready and counting down
Punch is coming!
because
Condition Red
When you are going to
Fighting Stance
Scan back and forth to
hands to detect
movement/threat
Be aware of your
environment
Try to stay relaxed
enough to scan the
area, remember he
may have buddies
be aware of this risk.
While you are
confronting him you
do not want to be
ambushed by his
friends.
When possible keep
barrier between you
such as a desk, table,
chair, guard rail, etc.
Pre-attack Cues
2008 Victor M Cushing
Pre-attack Cues
Head/Face
Talking to you and turning head around quickly (checking for your backup and
getting ready to hit and run)
Hands
Hand hidden out of sight, palm not visible or holding arm in funny position
(hiding a weapon)
Feet/Body
Stepping into a Boxers Stance with feet, no matter what he does with hands
Air
Consciousness
Will
Escape
A to Face, B to Base
Off Balance
In Pain
32...1 = Countdown
Over!
EPR Time!
In Pain
Off Balance
Colliding with a Hard
Object (A Knee)
K.O.
Forward engagement, intercept punch Pull him down and set up kicks
K.O.!
There are lots of ways to
do an IED.
This is over!
2008 Victor M Cushing
1
Clear the Line to the
Target, if it isnt
already open
2
Initiate a Direct
accelerated strike
3
Strike the Closest
Target First
4
Strike Areas not
Pinpoints at the start
of EPR
5
Strike/Kick/Fire
Repeatedly
6
Transition Targets
and Weapons as
needed
7
Attempt to acquire a
better or more
weapon(s) at the
first opportunity
8
Finish without a
pause, do not
hesitate.
4 K.O.s
All Tactical Momentary
Giving you the ability to
finish him off with other
techniques, to escape, or to
deal with the next attacker in
multiple attacker situations
Vascular
Crimps the Hose
Forearm, Knife Hand or Axe
Hand Blow to the Carotid
Artery. Thump it hard and
cause a blackout
4 K.O.s
Open Hand Blows will
execute all of these.
Since these are all head
strikes, this avoids
broken bones in your
hand.
Impact/Relax
The Evangelist
Forehead Hit with Palm
Heel cause a concussion
when brain hits front then
back of inside of skull
Sensory Overload
Use your eyes and avoid trouble, if it comes toward you and you cannot escape for
whatever reason (trapped by circumstances, walking your 5 year daughter, etc.), then
Keep a Safe Distance from your potential attacker, 5 to 6 feet approximately.
Put your Hands up with open fingers (just as if you had been startled).
Arms bent at 135 extended forward together, fingers not interlocked in front of you.
Use Verbal Parries. Tell them Stop! in a very loud voice. Make eye contact.
Do not let other person move closer to you. It will be an attack, if they do.
Do not let him distract you, Do you have the time? How do I get to Main Street?
Do not respond when asked, Why are you getting upset? Why are you being rude?
If still being crowded = Move off at a 45 angle forward, keep eye contact
Condition Red = Yell, Collide with attacker- strike at face, neck, throat with forearm.
Keep head forward to the outside of attacker. Use legs as if pushing a car (knees
bent, leaning forward, banging into attacker to upset his balance, then go to defenses
below.
Use Rising Strikes on centerline with hips and whole body,, thrust hips and uncoil legs
to add power.
Be sure to strike or kick through the target.
Palm Heel to chin is executed like a Shot Put, not a straight arm, but a lifting strike.
Rear Attacks:
When grabbed, step backwards into attacker hard, slam into him. Turn your center to him
Bear hug type of attack: Butt butt, pivot hip to create opening, raise arms 135
extended Forward, and defend yourself with repeated strikes, and stomps!
Hair/clothing grab: Back into attacker hard, slam hip into him, turn to him, and
defend yourself!
Simple Defenses by the half dozen:
6 Easy Target Areas
Eyes, Nose, Chin Area
Throat/Side Neck
Groin/Bladder
Mid-Thigh
Knee Caps/Shins
Ankle/Top Side of Foot
6 Strikes or Moves
Eye Jab/Rake
Palm Heel
Get Head Control
Hammer Fist
Forearm
Elbow
6 Kicks
Stomp Heel
Side
Scoop
Knee
Bent Leg Thai
45 Front
6 Dirty Tricks
Spit or Spray
Bite. Bite, Bite
Head Butt
Butt Butt
Pinch/Gouge/Tear
Weapons/Improvised/Actual
All of the terms used above and the defenses mentioned are covered in this manual.
.
Chamber Fist
Thigh Strike
He collapses
Results of elbow
Stomp Foot
Improvised Explosive
Defense
In Pain
Off Balance
Knocked Out!
Attack!
Move His Target
Step Aside
Slide Forward on an
Angle
Center Line
Along with Getting off the
Line of the Attack, You
want to control the position
of your center line relative
to his.
The center line can just be
envisioned as a line form
your nose to your navel
extended up and down.
This matters because most
of our ability to strike and
kick hard lies directly in
front of us.
Most of your best weapons:
Forearm smashes, chin
jabs, elbow, knees, stomps
are easiest to deliver
directly to the front of you.
It is to our advantage to be
aimed at our attacker and
to have him angled,
pushed, twisted, and bent
at least partially away from
us. Strikes, Kicks, Joint
Center Line
Locks, Head Control all can
From Overhead And From Front
be used for this.
2008 Victor M Cushing
The drawing is a
representation of two people
facing each other both with
their center lines facing each
other.
Clash and contact center lines facing Attackers center line turned
away from Defender
Roll hips and shoulders along wall hit Grab his head for head control
You want to be positioned so that you can move quickly. Take a relaxed,
but alert posture when it has gone to Condition Red. From head to toes,
heres what you should do. Tuck your chin in and down, raise your
hands up and keep them open for faster movement and so you can
strike, intercept, and grab. Keep your elbows bent to shed force when
he attacks and so you can penetrate his defense when you move
forward. Blade your body, that is turn in slightly at the shoulders and
hips so you do not present a broad target to the attacker. Keep the
Center Line aimed at him. Bend your knees slightly to make it harder to
knock you down and so you can drive off them to hit and shove, etc.
Place your weight so it is evenly distributed on both feet which should
be about a shoulder width apart.
Relaxed Natural
Movements
Bend Knees for Better
Balance
Bend Elbows for
Shield/Shed Force of
Attack
Open Hands = Faster
and yields more options
Turn Body Somewhat to
limit his targets
Keep Your Center Line
to your Targets
Generalizations:
Be Aware = Avoid or
Increase Options
Control Space = Limit
Opponents Choices
Move Head and Shoulders
first for High Attacks, Then
Step
Movement to Avoid Attack
= Short Light Steps
Slide Zone Slip Shed
Defender has moved forward
Duck
as attacked and blocked
Block softly, so you can
softly. He is Ready to
counter
Develop a common
defensive position for
confrontations
Against a Punch
Keep Lead Hand at Same
Level as the Threat or
slightly higher
Develop a common
defensive position for
confrontations
As a corollary use same
draw for any tool or weapon
you are using
Knife
Stick/Baton
Stun Gun
Bring the tool into play with a
draw that follows your centerline
to a position 135 in front of your
center of mass and then flow to
where it needs to go from there
as a strike or to discharge
weapon.
On the following pages we will
show this for common items,
you can extend this logic to
whatever you carry.
2008 Victor M Cushing
Hand-gun
Flashlight
Baton
Tactical Folder
Forward Engagement
Condition Red
Hands Ready
Red = Attacker
Blue = Defender
He punches, steps, grabs
Move Head and Torso first!
Footwork is just feet catching up
so you still have balance.
Hit = A to Face
Kick = B to Base
Move in behind him
This opens up more targets, and
keeps you away from his other
hand
Do not lean back =
Balance
Off
Do not go sideways =
Avoids
his hit, but leaves you too far
away to counter attack
Condition Red
Hands Ready
Red = Attacker
Blue = Defender
He punches, steps, grabs
Move Head and Torso first!
Footwork is just feet catching up
so you still have balance.
Slide or Rotate Right by going
Forward to the Inside of his arm
Hit = A to Face
Kick = B to Base
Slide Inside punching hand
Move inside, Hit Multiple Times
Monitor his other hand so he will
not counter attack you, often by
cupping his elbow or covering his
arm
Do not lean back =
will be Off Balance
You
Do not go sideways =
Avoids
his hit, but leaves you too far
away to counter attack
Principle of Non-Resistance
Water Principles
Move Lightly (Vapor)
Flow Around Him
(Liquid)
Engulf Him with
Strikes/Kicks/Throws
(Ice)
Defender on counter attack
2008 Victor M Cushing
Hard Block
Block Softly
Hard Blocks (Linear) are Force-onforce, might unbalance you, and
slow down time to counter attack.
If you have time to block,
You have time to move
Movement is a better
defense, than trying to meet
strength with strength
Soft Block
A to Face Targets
A to Face
Strike, Gouge, Tear
Nose and Eyes
Chin
Throat/Neck
Temple
Skull Top
Skull Base Rear
Jaw
Ears
Target Rich Environment
Or grab Face/Head/Hair
Aim for the Bulls Eye
Hit the Center of the Face and get
Head Control
Use Principle of Circular Motion
If you twist anything far enough in one
direction it will cause pain and a fall.
Head Control
Head Control allows you to
put him on the ground
without having to be
stronger than he is.
As it hits, spread out cover his face Swing leg behind and unbalance
B to the Base
Leave me Alone
As he Strikes Move
Forward and use a
Forearm Smash to Neck
Area
Shoving Attacker #1
into the Path of
Attacker # 2
Praying Hands
Bent Elbow helps
shed his attack
Allows for penetration
up his center line
Create false
impression
Bent Elbow helps shed his attack
Preying Hands
Allows you to get
close enough
To Scratch or Gouge
Used for Head Control
Eye Jab/Rake
Longest Reach
Weapon
Eye Jab
Least Amount of
Power needed for
Damage
Eye Rake
Palm Heel
On Strikes like this, use
hips, drop step to generate
power
Move forward with slightly
bent knees and uncoil
upward as you strike
Hit through the target!
Hit through the target!
Palm Heel
Palm Heel
2008 Victor M Cushing
Hammer Fist
Hammer Fist
Elbow
Elbow
Elbow to Chin
for Women or Men
If an attacker is in front of
you, you can swing your
elbow up into his face or
around into the side of his
head.
Elbow to Chin
- Swing body
Elbow to Chin
2008 Victor M Cushing
Dropping Elbow
Dropping Elbow
Forward
Backward
Downward/Dropping
Upward/Rising
In Clinches