16

Earth Science, 13e (Tarbuck)
Chapter 16 The Atmosphere: Composition, Structure, and Temperature

1) Air may best be described as ________.
A) an element
B) a compound
C) a mixture
D) none of these
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Topic: 16.2 Composition of the Atmosphere
Bloom's: Remembering
2) Which one of the following is the most abundant gas in the atmosphere?
A) oxygen
B) argon
C) carbon dioxide
D) nitrogen
Answer: D
Diff: 1
3) With which of the following is dust in the atmosphere associated?
A) reflection of solar energy
B) optical phenomena such as a red sky at sunset
C) condensation and cloud formation
D) all of these
Answer: D
Diff: 1
4) Which one of the gases listed below is more important meteorologically (that is, is more
important in weather processes) than the others?
A) oxygen
B) argon
C) carbon dioxide
D) nitrogen
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.
5) On the AVERAGE, for every 1 km increase in altitude in the troposphere, the air temperature
________.
A) drops about 6.5C
B) rises about 6.5C
C) remains constant
D) rises only during the day
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Topic: 16.3 Vertical Structure of the Atmosphere
Bloom's: Applying
6) Fifty percent of the gases making up the atmosphere are found below ________.
A) 10 miles (16.2 km)
B) 6 miles (10.4 km)
C) 3 miles (5.6 km)
D) 8 miles (12.8 km)
Answer: C
Diff: 1
7) The tropopause is the boundary between ________.
A) the troposphere and stratosphere
B) tropical and polar air masses
C) the troposphere and mesosphere
D) two layers of high ozone concentration
Answer: C
Diff: 1
8) The triatomic form of oxygen (O3) is known as ________.
A) argon
B) ozone
C) chlorofluorocarbon
D) molecular oxygen
Answer: B
Diff: 1
9) Ozone filters out most of the ________ radiation in sunlight.

A) infrared
B) gamma
C) ultraviolet
D) microwave
Answer: C
Diff: 1
10) Ozone is concentrated in the ________.
A) troposphere
B) mesosphere
C) stratosphere
D) ionosphere
Answer: C
Diff: 1
11) The lowest layer of the atmosphere is the ________.
A) troposphere
B) mesosphere
C) stratosphere
D) ionosphere
Answer: A
Diff: 1
12) The normal lapse rate in the troposphere is about ________ per kilometer.
A) 3.5C
B) 6.5C
C) 1.5C
D) 9.5C
Answer: B
Diff: 1
13) The wavelengths of radiation emitted by Earth are ________.

A) longer than those emitted by the Sun
B) shorter than those emitted by the Sun
C) about the same as those emitted by the Sun
D) none of these
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Topic: 16.7 Heating the Atmosphere: The Greenhouse Effect
14) The longest wavelengths on the electromagnetic spectrum are ________.
A) gamma
B) ultraviolet
C) radio
D) infrared
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Topic: 16.5 Energy, Heat, and Temperature
15) The storage of heat in the lower layer of the atmosphere produced by certain heat absorbing
gases is called the ________.
A) adiabatic effect
B) greenhouse effect
C) grey-body effect
D) photon effect
Answer: B
Diff: 1
16) On the average, how much of the Sun's energy that is intercepted by Earth is reflected back
to space?
A) 10%
B) 20%
C) 30%
D) 40%
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Topic: 16.6 The Fate of Incoming Solar Radiation
17) Which one of the following statements is true about the equinoxes?
A) They occur in June and December.
B) The Sun's vertical rays are striking either the Tropic of Cancer or the Tropic of Capricorn.
C) Days and nights are equal in length everywhere.
D) The length of daylight at the Arctic and Antarctic Circles is 24 hours.
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Topic: 16.4 Earth-Sun Relationships
Bloom's: Analyzing
18) On this date the length of daylight gets progressively longer going south from the equator.
A) June 21
B) March 21
C) September 21
D) December 21
Answer: D
Diff: 1
19) The spring equinox in the Northern Hemisphere occurs on ________.
A) June 21
B) March 21
C) September 21
D) December 21
Answer: B
Diff: 1
20) The North Pole has a higher noon Sun angle than New York City on this date.
A) June 21
B) March 21
C) September 21
D) none of these
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Analyzing
21) The 90 angle solar rays are striking the Tropic of Cancer on ________.
A) June 21
B) March 21
C) September 21
D) December 21
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Analyzing
22) The 90 angle solar rays are striking the Tropic of Capricorn on ________.
A) June 21
B) March 21
C) September 21
D) December 21
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Analyzing
23) The fall equinox in the Southern Hemisphere occurs on this date.
A) June 21
B) March 21
C) September 21
D) December 21
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Analyzing
24) This process involves the movement of a mass or substance.
A) conduction
B) convection
C) radiation
D) all of these
Answer: D
Diff: 1
25) Earth receives energy from the Sun in this way.

A) conduction
B) convection
C) radiation
D) all of these
Answer: C
Diff: 1
26) The transfer of heat through matter by molecular activity is
A) conduction
B) convection
C) radiation
D) all of these
Answer: A
Diff: 1
27) The two most important heat absorbing gases in the lower atmosphere are ________.
A) oxygen and nitrogen
B) water vapor and carbon dioxide
C) argon and oxygen
D) ozone and chlorofluorocarbon
Answer: B
Diff: 1
28) A very important control of the DAILY range of temperature is ________.
A) the amount of water vapor in the air
B) Earth's elliptical orbit
C) parallelism and inclination of Earth's axis
D) air pressure
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Topic: 16.8 For the Record: Air Temperature Data
29) If the maximum temperature for a particular day is 26C and the minimum temperature is
14C, the daily mean would be ________.
A) 40C
B) 20C
C) 12C
D) 13C
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Applying
30) If the maximum temperature for a particular day is 26C and the minimum temperature is
14C, the daily range would be ________.
A) 40C
B) 20C
C) 12C
D) 13C
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Applying
31) The annual range of temperature may be described as the difference between ________.
A) maximum and minimum temperatures over a period of one year
B) maximum and minimum temperatures during the period of one month
C) the average temperatures of the warmest and coldest months
D) both maximum and minimum temperatures over a period of one year and the average
temperatures of the warmest and coldest months
Answer: D
Diff: 1
32) A place located along a windward coast will probably have ________.
A) warmer summer temperatures than an inland location at the same latitude
B) cooler summer temperatures than an inland location at the same latitude
C) summer temperatures that are very similar to an inland location at the same latitude
D) none of these
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Topic: 16.9 Why Temperatures Vary: The Control of Temperature
Bloom's: Applying
33) Two cities are located at the same latitude (40). City A is in the Southern Hemisphere and
City B is in the Northern Hemisphere. Assume the two cities reflect the general characteristics of
the hemispheres where they are located. Which city should have the warmest winter
temperatures?
A) City A
B) City B
C) Both cities should have nearly identical winter temperatures.
D) More information is required to answer the question.
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Applying
34) Two cities are located at the same latitude (40). City A is in the Southern Hemisphere and
City B is in the Northern Hemisphere. Assume the two cities reflect the general characteristics of
the hemispheres where they are located. Which city should have the largest annual temperature
range?
A) City A
B) City B
C) Both cities should have nearly identical temperatures.
D) More information is required to answer the question.
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Applying
Word Analysis. Examine the words and/or phrases for each question below and determine the
relationship among the majority of words/phrases. Choose the option which does not fit the
pattern.
35) Tropic of Cancer
Equator
Answer: Arctic Circle
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Analyzing
36) conduction
scattering
Answer: scattering
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Analyzing
Arctic Circle
convection
Tropic of Capricorn
radiation
37) oxygen
nitrogen
hydrogen
Answer: hydrogen
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Analyzing
argon
38) Weather and climate are synonymous terms

Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Topic: 16.1 Focus on the Atmosphere
Bloom's: Analyzing
39) Tiny solid and liquid particles suspended in the atmosphere are collectively called aerosols.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Analyzing
40) More solar energy is reflected back to space than is absorbed directly by the atmosphere.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Analyzing
41) Distance variations between Earth and the Sun are very important in understanding seasonal
temperature variations.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Analyzing
42) Isotherms are more irregular in the Southern Hemisphere than in the Northern Hemisphere.
Answer: FALSE
Diff: 1
Bloom's: Analyzing
43) The line separating the dark half of Earth from the lighted half is called the ________.
Answer: circle of illumination
Diff: 1
10
44) The movement of Earth in its orbit around the Sun is referred to as ________.
Answer: revolution
Diff: 1
45) List three mechanisms of heat transfer.
Answer: conduction, convection, radiation
Diff: 1
46) Located adjacent to red on the electromagnetic spectrum, and having a longer wavelength, is
________ radiation, which we cannot see but which we can detect as heat.
Answer: infrared
Diff: 1
47) The closest invisible wavelengths to violet on the electromagnetic spectrum are called
________ and are responsible for sunburns.
Answer: ultraviolet
Diff: 1
48) The fraction of the total radiation encountered that is reflected by a surface is called its
________.
Answer: albedo
Diff: 1
Topic: 16.6 The Fate of Incoming Solar Radiation
Critical Thinking and Discussion. Use complete sentences, correct spelling, and the
information presented in Chapter 16 to answer the questions below.
49) You are given a six-month assignment by your employer to work at a remote location in
Australia. In order to pack as lightly as possible, you try to research the climate of the small town
in Australia, but there is little data since no major cities are located within 300 miles. What are
some geographic or other considerations that might help you "predict" what general weather
patterns exist at the location?
Answer: The latitude is very important and will tell you it is hot and dry, but you must also be
aware of the elevation and time of year.
Diff: 3
Bloom's: Applying
11
50) Considering the albedo of various surfaces, compare daily temperature ranges and means for
an urban area to a more rural setting of crops and forests. Also, are there any other factors other
than albedo that might affect these temperature variations?
Answer: Albedo will make for daily temperature ranges in cities to be more severe due to
pavement and urbanization relative to a rural setting. The least steep of the temperature
fluctuations will occur with crops and forests due to the vegetation and amount of water present.
Diff: 2
Bloom's: Applying and Understanding
51) Label the troposphere, thermosphere, mesosphere, and stratosphere on the diagram below.
Answer: See Figure 16.8 in Chapter 16 of Earth Science, 13e.

Diff: 1
Bloom's: Applying
12
52) Label the mechanisms of heat transfer on the diagram below.
Answer: See Figure 16.17 in Chapter 16 of Earth Science, 13e.

Diff: 1
Bloom's: Analyzing and Applying
13

16

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

16

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Earth Science, 13e (Tarbuck)

Chapter 16 The Atmosphere: Composition, Structure, and Temperature

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

9) Ozone filters out most of the ________ radiation in sunlight.

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

13) The wavelengths of radiation emitted by Earth are ________.

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

25) Earth receives energy from the Sun in this way.

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

38) Weather and climate are synonymous terms

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

Answer: See Figure 16.8 in Chapter 16 of Earth Science, 13e.

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

52) Label the mechanisms of heat transfer on the diagram below.

Answer: See Figure 16.17 in Chapter 16 of Earth Science, 13e.

Copyright 2012 Pearson Education, Inc.

You might also like