MATKIM

BAB VIII
PROBLEMS
1. In the molecule OClO < OclO is 116 ; both Cl O distances are 1.49 . Calculate
the between the Cl atoms.
Answer :
Cl
dCl-Cl / 2 = 1.49 sin 98
dCl-Cl / 2 = 1.264
O

2.
1.15 and the
Answer :

dCl-Cl = 2.53

In the ONBr molcule, the < ONBr is 117 ; the O N distance is

N Br distance is 2.14 . Calculate the Br O distance.

N
2.14

111111

1.15

Br

( d Br O)2 = (1.15 )2 + (2.14 )2 2 (1.15 ) (2.14 ) cos 117

= 1.32 + 4.58 4.92 cos 117
= 1.32 + 4.58 4.92 (- 0.45)
= 1.32 + 4.58 + 2.21
= 8.11( )2
(d Br O) =
= 2.85
3.

The molcule NClO2 has the following structure :

Each N O distance is 1.24 . Calculate the < ClNO, O O distance, and the
O Cl distance.
Answer :

< ClNO = 180 (126 )

= 180 63
= 117

(d O O) / 2 = (1.24 ) sin 63
= 1,105 2 = 2.21

4.

(d O Cl )2 = (1.79 )2 + (1.24 )2 2(1.79 )( 1.24 ) cos 126

= 3.2 + 1.54 - 4.44 (- 0.45)
= 3.2 + 1.54 + 2.016 = 6.756
(d O Cl) =
= 2.59 = 2.6
Assuming that the nitrous acid molecule has the structure :
O
a

N
c

H
O
With a = 0.98 , b= 1.46 , c = 1.20 , < ONO = 116 , < NOH = 104 , calcualte
the distance from the hydrogen atom to the oxygen atom at the other end of the
molecule.
Answer :
(d H O ) = (0.98 ) cos 76 + 1.46 + 120 cos 64
= 0.24 + 1.46 + 0.53
= 2.2
5.
A square piece of metal foil with a surface area of one cm2 is
covered with a monolayer of argon, which has an atomic radius of 1.54 . if one
assumes that the argon atoms are lined up as :

How many argon atoms are there at the surface? What fraction of the surface is
actually covered by argon atoms?
Answer :
n( 3.08 10-8 cm) = 1 cm
n= 3.25 107 cm
total number of atom n2 = (3.25 107)2
= 1.06 1015
Area occupid by argon atom = r2
= 3.14 ( 1.54 10-8)2
= 7.44 10-16 cm2
Fraction covered = (7.44 10-16 ) ( 1.06 1015) / 1
= 7.89 10-1 = 0.789
6.
In the arrangement shown in problem 5, what whould be the radius
of an atom which would just fit into the space between touching argon atoms?
Answer :
S = 1.54 2 = 3.08
D2 = s2 + s2
D2= 2s2
D2 = 2((3.08)2 )
D2 = 2 ( 9.48) = 18.96
D = = 4.35

Diameter = 4.35 ( 2 1,54 ) = 1.27

7.
One mole of zinc atoms (6.02 1023 atoms ) weighs 65.4 g. If the
atomic radius of zinc is 1.33 , what is the density of a zinc atom? The density of zinc
metal is about 7.1 g/cc. What fraction of the volume of a zinc crystal is actually
occupied by zinc atoms?
Answer :
m=65.4 g / 6.02 1023 = 1.09 10-22 g
v= r2 = (3.14) ( 1.33 10-8 )3
= (3.14) ( 2.35 10-27 )
= 9.8 10-24 cc
d=1.09 10-22 g / 9.8 10-24 cc
= 0.111 102 cc = 11.1 cc
F = 7.1 /11.1 = 0.64 = 64 %
8.
Calculate the fraction of empty space in a face- centered cubic unit
cell.
Answer :

No of atoms in cube = (8 1/8 ) + ( 6 )

=1+3
=4
3
Volume = 4 4/3 r = 16 / r3

Diagonal of cubes = a = 4r
a= 4r / = (4r / ) ( / )
a= 2r

Volume cubes : a3= (2r )3 = 8r3 = 16r3

F accupied = 16/3 r3 / 16r3 = / 3= 0.74

So, f emty = 1 0.74 = 0.26
9.
A certain metal crystallizes with a cubic unit cell 3.00 on an
edge. What is the atomic radius of the metal if the cell us :
a.
A simple cube?
b.
A body centered cube?
c.
A face centered cube?
Answer :
a.

b.

c.

A simple cube : 2r = a
2r = 3.00
r =3/2 = 1.5
A body centered cube : 4r = a
4r = 3 (1.73)
4r = 5.19
r =1.3
A face centered cube : 4r = a
4r = 3 (1.41)
4r = 4.23

r =1.0575
10.
In the methane molecule, what is the distance from the carbon atom
to the center of the equilateral triangle formed by there hydrogen atoms? ( C H
bond distance = 1.09 ).
Answer :
H
D= 1.09 COS 70.5
= 1.09 (0.33)
= 0.36
109.5
C

H
11.

In the PtCl6 2- ion, the platinum atom is at the center of a regural

octahedron with Cl- ions at each vertex. The Pt Cl distance is 2.33 . what are the
Cl Cl distances?
Answer :
Cl
Pt

Cl

Cl
Cl
Cl
2
(d Cl) = (2.33) + (2.33)
= 5.43 + 5.43
= 10.86
(d Cl ) = = 3.29
12.
How many geometri isomers are there in octahedral species which
have the formulae :
a.
Ab5c
b.
Ab3c3
c.
Ab2c2d2
d.
Abcd4
e.
Abcdefg
2

Answer :
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.

Ab5c = 1
Ab3c3 = 2
Ab2c2d2 = 5
Abcd4 = 2
Abcdefg = 15