DETRI FURWANTI

LT3D / 08

RESISTOR
Resistor is an electronic component have two terminal that implements electrical
resistance as a circuit element. The main function of resistor is holding the voltage and
current that pass resistor. Resistance is ability of resistor to do the function which appropriate
with the value of resistor and called Ohm (). Resistor was categorized in pasif component
because doesnt need current for doing the function. Other has resistance, resistor also has
tolerance and power that pass in the resistor.
Law Ohm : V=I*R
The law of Ohm claim that resistance inversely proportional with amount of current that pass
in the circuit.
Types of Resistor
In general resistor can be classified into many types, Then if we classify of resistor based on
the resistance value can be divided into 3 types :
1. Fixed Resistor
Fixed resistor has constan value of resistance, which all of that was setted by EIA (Electronic
Industries Association). The standaritation of value of resistance called in E6, E12, and E24.
Fixed value resistor used for electronics circuit for barrier current in a circuit. Fixed resistor
can found in metal film resistor, carbon resistor, and metal oxide resistor.
2. Variable Resistor
Variable resistor has value of resistance can be changed. There are many kind of variable
resistor but Potensiometer or trimpot is the most used for variable resistor. Potensiometer can
changed the value of resistance with rotating the axis with screw draw. Commonly, variable
resistor used for voltage divider that we can use for control volume amplifier, tone control
and many more.
3. Non Linier Resistor
Non Linier Resistor has value of resistance that dependent with state in area. This matter
caused by temperature, pressure, light etc. Example LDR (Light Dependent Resistor) the

resistance will change if struck wight the light, Thermistor the resistance will change if
temperature struck that divided into 2 PTC (Positive Temperature Coefficient) and NTC
(Negative Temperature Coefficient), Strain Gage the resistance will change if pressure struck
that, etc.

Then if we classify of resistor based on the material used, can be divided into 3 types :
1. Wirewound Resistor
Wirewound resistor is resistor that made from wire entanglemented. So, the value of
resistance determined by long of wire that entanglemented. This resistor commonly made for
high power.
2. Carbon Resistor
The main material is carbon charcoal rod. This resistor is most sold and most use for
everyone. In this resistor, we can know the power capacity like 1/16 Watt, 1/8 Watt, 1/4 Watt,
1/2 Watt, 1 Watt, 2 Watt dan 3 Watt.
3. Metal Film Resistor
The main material is metal oxide. This resistor has better characteristic than other with lower
tolerance like 1% or 2%. This resistor has physical form like carbon resistor just different
color and value of color ring in resistor. And metal film resistor also have low power like 1/8,
and watt and commonly used for measuring, industrial and military.

ReadingThe Resistor Value

The value of resistor can known with colour code or text code in resistor. Resistor
with the color code for fixed value resistor with the lower power capacity. And resistor with
the text code for high power capacity and variable resistor.
1. Color Code Resistor
Resistor has 4, 5 or 6 color code. For 4 color code, color 1 and 2 is digit 1 and 2,
color 3 is multiplier and color 4 is tolerance. For 5 and 6 color code, color 1,2 and 3
is digit 1,2 and 3, color 4 is mulplier and 5 is tolerance. And for color 6 is
temperature coefficient. In sequence of color code is black, brown, orange, red,
yellow, green, blue, violet, gray and white.

2. Text Code Resistor

Resistor with text code can be read easily. Just look at the text on the resistor.
Commonly text code has sequence power capacity, resistance and tolerance. Like
5W 22R J, that shown the resistor has power capacity 5W, resistance 22 and 5%
for tolerance.

The Power Capacity of Resistor

The Power Capacity of Resistor is maximum power value that can be passed by
resistor. The capacity can known by physical of resistor or read on the text patch on the
resistor. Determining the power capacity in so important to avoid the damage of resistor
because out of limit power capacity that pass and make resistor can be burnt. The resistor
with the high power capacity will have big form.
The Tolerance of Resistor
The tolerance of resistor is a range of resistance value that can be permitted and called in
good condition. The tolerance happen because the operational of resistor in change
characteristic. In resistor, the tolerance shown in 1%, 2%, 5% and 10%. And if the resistor
measured and shown the value out of the range of tolerance that resistor in bad condition.

THE APLICATION OF RESISTOR

INVERTING AMPLIFIER

Inverting amplifier is an implementation of an operational amplifier as a signal amplifier with

the basic characteristics of the output signal has the opposite phase to phase input signal.
In one of the inverting amplifier feedback resistor installation function (feedback) and the
input resistor is to set the amplification factor inverting amplifier (inverting amplifier) is.
With the installation of the feedback resistor (RF) and input resistor (Rin) then the
amplification factor of the inverting amplifier can be set from 1 to 100,000 times.