Professional Documents
Culture Documents
(MANE 3300 )
Instructor: Dr. Sayyed Ali Hosseini
Winter 2015
Lecture #14
Some contents of the presented slides are completely adopted or partially revised from the:
Automation, Production Systems, and Computer Integrated Manufacturing, 4th Edition, Mikell P. Groover, Pearson
Lecture #14
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Material Handling
Handling of materials must be performed
Safely
Efficiently
At low cost
In a timely manner
Accurately (the right materials in the right quantities to
the right locations)
And without damage to the materials
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Logistics
Concerned with the acquisition, movement, storage, and
distribution of materials and products to satisfy customer
demand
Two categories of logistics:
External logistics - transportation and related
activities that occur outside of a facility (between
different geographical locations)
Five traditional modes of transportation: rail, truck,
air, ship, and pipeline
Internal logistics - material handling and storage
within a facility
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External Logistics
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Internal Logistics
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Material Characteristics
Material characteristics affect type of transport and storage
equipment required
Solid, liquid or gas
Size
Weight
Shape - long, flat, bulky
Condition - hot, cold, wet, dirty
Risk of damage - fragile, brittle, sturdy
Safety risk - explosive, flammable, toxic, corrosive
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Plant Layout
Material handling equipment considerations must be
included in the plant layout design problem
Correlation between layout type and material handling
equipment:
Plant layout type Material handling equipment
Fixed-position
Cranes, hoists, industrial trucks
Process
Hand trucks, forklift trucks, AGVS
Product
Conveyors for product flow
Trucks to deliver parts to stations
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Industrial Trucks
Two basic categories:
1. Non-powered
Human workers push or pull loads
2. Powered
Self-propelled, guided or driven by human
Common example: forklift truck
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(a) Two-wheel hand truck, (b) four-wheel dolly, (c) handoperated low-lift pallet truck
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AGVs Applications
1. Driverless train operations - movement of large quantities
of material over long distances
2. Storage and distribution - movement of pallet loads
between shipping/receiving docks and storage racks
3. Assembly line operations - movement of car bodies and
major subassemblies (motors) through the assembly
stations
4. Flexible manufacturing systems - movement of workparts
between machine tools
5. Miscellaneous - mail delivery and hospital supplies
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Vehicle Management
Two aspects of vehicle management:
Traffic control - to minimize interference between vehicles
and prevent collisions
1. Forward sensing
2. Zone control
Vehicle dispatching
1. On-board control panel
2. Remote call stations
3. Central computer control
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Zone Control
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Vehicle Safety
Travel velocity of AGV is slower than typical walking speed
of human worker
Automatic stopping of vehicle if it strays from guide path
Acquisition distance
Obstacle detection system in forward direction
Use of ultrasonic sensors common
Emergency bumper - brakes vehicle when contact is made
with forward object
Warning lights (blinking or rotating red lights)
Warning sounds of approaching vehicles
MANE3300 Integrated Manufacturing System
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Rail-Guided Vehicles
Self-propelled vehicles that ride on a fixed-rail system
Vehicles operate independently and are driven by
electric motors that pick up power from an electrified rail
Fixed rail system
Overhead monorail - suspended overhead from the
ceiling
On-floor - parallel fixed rails, tracks generally
protrude up from the floor
Routing variations are possible: switches, turntables,
and other special track sections
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Overhead Monorail
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Conveyor Systems
Large family of material transport equipment designed
to move materials over fixed paths, usually in large
quantities or volumes
1. Non-powered
Materials moved by human workers or by gravity
2. Powered
Power mechanism for transporting materials is
contained in the fixed path, using chains, belts,
rollers or other mechanical devices
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Conveyor Types
Roller
Skate-wheel
Belt
In-floor towline
Overhead trolley conveyor
Cart-on-track conveyor
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Roller Conveyor
Pathway consists of a
series of rollers that are
perpendicular to direction
of travel
Loads must possess a flat
bottom to span several
rollers
Powered rollers rotate to
drive the loads forward
Un-powered roller
conveyors also available
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Skate-Wheel Conveyor
Similar in operation to
roller conveyor but use
skate wheels instead of
rollers
Lighter weight and
unpowered
Sometimes built as
portable units that can be
used for loading and
unloading truck trailers in
shipping and receiving
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Belt Conveyor
Continuous loop with
forward path to move
loads
Belt is made of reinforced
elastomer
Support slider or rollers
used to support forward
loop
Two common forms:
Flat belt (shown)
V-shaped for bulk
materials
MANE3300 Integrated Manufacturing System
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Cart-On-Track Conveyor
Carts ride on a track
above floor level
Carts are driven by a
spinning tube
Forward motion of
cart is controlled by a
drive wheel whose
angle can be
changed from zero
(idle) to 45 degrees
(forward)
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Hoist
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Bridge Crane
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Gantry Crane
A half-gantry crane
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Jib Crane
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