Name : Agus Hasim

NPM : 150510150013 Majors/Class : Agroteknologi/A

COMPOSITION

Writing Practice/Composition
Answer the following questions !
Your sentences should form a paragraph.
When do you get up in the morning ?
What time do you eat in the morning ?
When do you go to your campus to study ?
How long do you study ?
When do you stop for lunch ?
How long does lunch last ?
When do you return to study in the afternoon?
Until when do you study ?
When do you leave for home ?
How do you go home ? How long does the trip take ?
-----oo-----

DIRECT/INDIRECT SPEECH

John told Diana (that) he had something to show her.

John told Diana : I have something to show you

Mary asked: Do I have to attend the meeting?

Mary asked whether she had to attend the meeting

She asked me : Were you at home last night?

She asked me whether I had been at home the night before.

Name : Agus Hasim

A.
B.

NPM : 150510150013 Majors/Class : Agroteknologi/A

John asked to me: Why do they go abroad so often?

John asked me why they went abroad so often.

The police said: Tell me the truth! The police asked me...
to tell him the truth
told him the truth

tell him the truth

to telling him the truth

telling him the truth

I will be so late tomorrow, the director said. The director said to me that...
A.

he would be so late
C.
tomorrow
D.
B.
I would be so late tomorrow

he will be so late tomorrow E.

he would be so late the next
I will be so late tomorrow
day.

The salesman asked Mira, How many books do you want to buy? The salesman wanted to
know...
A. How many books Mira
wanted to buy
B. How many books Mira
wants to buy.
F.

C. How many books does Mira

want to buy
D. How many books did Mira
want to buy.

E. How many books Mira

wanted to be bought.

My teacher told me not to put my book on his table. My teacher said,

G.
A. Dont put my book on his
C. Dont put your book on my
E. Dont put your book on
table.
table.
your table.
B. Dont put my book on your
D. Dont put his book on my
table.
table.
F.
Dian: When will you pay the debt, Peter?. Dian wanted to know...
G.
A. When he pays the debt
C. When he paid the debt
E. When he paid the debt to
B. When he would pay the
D. When he had paid the debt
me.
debt,
H.
She told John : Ill come tonight John. She told John.
A I would come to her that
night.
B that she will come to his
house tonight.

C that he would come to my

house tonight.
D that she would come to his
house that night.

E John come to her that night.

I.
2

Name : Agus Hasim

NPM : 150510150013 Majors/Class : Agroteknologi/A

J.
K.
L.
M.
N.
Niken asked me if I had come to the meeting the day before. Niken asked me : ?
A Do you come to the meeting
the day before?
B Did I come to the meeting
two days ago?

C Did you come to the

meeting the day before?
D Were you come to the
meeting yesterday?

E Did you come to the

meeting yesterday?

O.
P.
He said: I must study hard to pass this exam.
Q.
R.

This sentence can be changed into

A He said that you must study

hard to pass the exam.
B He said that he must study
hard to pass this exam.

C He said that I must study

hard to pass this exam.
D I said that I must study hard
to pass the exam.

E He said that he had to study

hard to pass that exam.

S.
Time is precious, the teacher told his pupils. The teacher told the pupils..
T.
A Time is precious
C Dont waste the time
E That time will be precious
B That time was precious
D To time is precious
F
Have you posted the letter? my father asked me. My father asked me if..
G
A I posted the letter.
C I have posted the letter.
E I had posted the letter
B he posted the letter
D he has posted the letter.
F
G

-----oo-----

H
I
J
K

Name : Agus Hasim

NPM : 150510150013 Majors/Class : Agroteknologi/A

L
M
N
O
P
Q Direct Speech

Indirect Speech

Simple Present

Simple Past

Simple Past

Past Perfect

Present Continuous

Past Continuous

Present Perfect

Past Perfect

Present Perfect Cont.

Past Perfect Cont.

Past Continuous

Past Perfect Cont.

Past Perfect

Past Perfect

Past Perfect Cont.

Past Perfect Cont.

AB

Yesterday

The day before

AC

Tomorrow

The day after

AD

Now

At that time

AA

AE

At that moment

AF

To day

That day

AG

To night

That night

AH

Last week

The Previous Week

AI

Two months ago

The previous two months

AJ

Next month

The following month

Name : Agus Hasim

NPM : 150510150013 Majors/Class : Agroteknologi/A

AK
AL

Name : Agus Hasim

AM

NPM : 150510150013 Majors/Class : Agroteknologi/A

GERUND, INFINITIVE, AND PARTICIPLE

AN

AO
I.

GERUND
AP Gerund adalah kata benda (noun) yang dibentuk dari kata kerja dasar (infinitive) dengan
tambahan akhiran ing (ing form). Sebagai kata benda, gerund dapat digunakan sebagai
subjek dan objek, sesuai dengan kedudukan yang bisa ditempati oleh noun.
AQDisamping itu, gerund bisa didahului oleh artikel a, an, the; bentuk milik (possessive
adjective) : my, your, his, her, their, dsb. dan diikuti objek, misal beating a snake, writing
a letter.
AR
AS KEDUDUKAN GERUND
AT Di dalam kalimat, gerund digunakan sebagai:

1. Subjek kalimat
Walking is healthy.
Collecting stamps is his hobby.
Looking after children requires patience.
2. Objek kalimat
He enjoys camping.
She likes his singing.
I like Broerys singing.
3. Objek dari sebuah preposition (kt depan)
We talked about going to Hollywood for our vacation.
Budi is in charge of organizing the meeting.
I am interested in learning Sociology.
4. Dengan kombinasi by + gerund (menerangkan bagaimana sesuatu dilakukan)
Turn off the radio by pushing the stop button.
We quench our thirsty by drinking water.
I found out what quench means by looking up the dictionary.
5. Dengan kombinasi go + gerund (umumnya menyatakan kegiatan rekreasi)
I like to go camping in a mountain.
We went fishing yesterday
AU
6. Mengikuti kata-kata kerja di bawah ini:
(1) Appreciate
We appreciated his telling the truth.
(2) Cant help
6

Name : Agus Hasim

NPM : 150510150013 Majors/Class : Agroteknologi/A

Take my hands, take my whole life too, for I cant help falling in love with you.
(3) Defer
We have deferred making a final decision until next month.
(4) Excuse
The teacher excused my being late.
(5) Finish
Has everyone finished doing the assignment ?
(6) Imagine
Can you imagine winning a thousand dollars ?
(7) Prevent
Sometimes its impossible to prevent fighting among children.
(8) Risk
I will not risk failing tomorrows test, so I wont go out tonight.
(9) Suggest
The football coach suggested swimming as a means of relaxation.
(10)
Understand
I cant understand your getting angry with me.
AV
AW
II.

INFINITIVE
AX
AY Infinitive adalah kata kerja (verb) dasar yang belum mengalami perubahan tenses dan
penambahan imbuhan. Infinitive dibedakan menjadi dua :
AZ A.Infinitive with to : to speak, to walk
BA B.Infinitive without to : speak, walk (bare infinitive)
BB Di dalam kalimat, infinitive with to digunakan sebagai :

1. Subjek kalimat
To study takes a lot of time.
To be a student is a difficult job.
2. Sesudah kata sifat (adjective)
He is very nice to talk to.
Integral theory is not easy to understand.
3. Digunakan dengan too dan enough
That box is too heavy for Dadang to lift.
I am strong enough to lift the box.
4. Sesudah kata benda
His refusal to cooperate is understandable.
Have you got a key to unlock the door.
5. Sesudah kata Tanya (question words)
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Name : Agus Hasim

NPM : 150510150013 Majors/Class : Agroteknologi/A

Can you tell me how to get to the station?

Ask the police where to park the car !
BC

6. Mengikuti kata-kata kerja berikut :

a.
Kata-kata kerja yang langsung diikuti to infinitive
(1)
Agree

b.

(2)

BD
The family agreed to wait until next year.
Deserve
BE
Fail

Every customer deserves to receive good service.

(3)

BF
Forget

He has never failed to get a good grade on a test.

(4)

He never forgets to do the homeworks.

(5)

BG
Mean

BH
I am sorry. I didnt mean to interrupt you.
BI
Kata-kata kerja yang memerlukan object sebelum diikuti to infinitive
(1)
Advise
(2)

BJ
Cause

Who advised you to join the soccer team?

(3)

BK
Bills injury caused him to play poorly
Encourage

(4)

BL
Parents should encourage their children to do their best.
Forbid
BM
Hire

Her mother forbids her to tell a lie.

(5)

BN
BO

He has hired me to work in his store this summer.

BP
BQ
BR
BS

Name : Agus Hasim

NPM : 150510150013 Majors/Class : Agroteknologi/A

BT
BU Latihan.
1. I would appreciate . from you.
A. hearing
D. having been heard
B. to hear
E. being hear.
C. to be heard,
2. If you insist on eating in the restaurant, you must agree . the bill.
A.
Pay
D.
Being paid
B.
to pay
E.
having paid.
C.
to be paid
3. Did you enjoy .. my short story ?
A. read
B. reading
C. to read
D. you read
E. be reading.
4. You should know that it was very hard. a living in the city.
A.
Make
D.
to making
B.
Making
E.
makes.
C.
to make,
5. Marina : Whats your hobby ? James : . novels.
A.
Read
D.
Reading
B.
Reads
E.
To reading.
C.
To read
6.
A.
B.
C.

Do you objecthere?. Yes. You sit on my ice cream.

I sit
D. sitting
to my sitting
E. to me sit.
me to sit,

7. What did the teacher dislike?.

She disliked myout of turn.
A. Answered
D. to answer
B. Answering
E. to answering
C. to have answered
8. Dont you go fishing?.
No, Im too busy .. fishing.
A. Go
D. that go
B. Going
E. to going.
C. to go
9. Britney : I dont think Ill ever understand Trigonometry.
10. David : Just keep on ..
A. try
D. trying
B. to try
E. to trying.
C. tries
11. I never think of .out at night. Its too dangerous.
9

Name : Agus Hasim

NPM : 150510150013 Majors/Class : Agroteknologi/A

D.
A. go
B. to go
E. going
C. to going
F. went.
12. If my parents were alive, I would not have to work for my tuition fee. It means..
A. I must work although my parents are still alive.
B. I dont have to work because my parents support me.
C. I have to earn money to pay my tuition fee because my parents have died.
D. As my parents were alive, I didnt have to earn money.
13.
14.

15. COMPOUND & COMPLEX SENTENCES

16. (Kalimat Majemuk Setara dan Majemuk Bertingkat)
17.

18.
19. Compound Sentences
20. Compound Sentences terdiri dari paling sedikit dua kalimat dengan sebuah Connector
21. Fungsi Connector ialah untuk menghubungkan kedua kalimat itu. Jenis-jenis connectors :
1. Coordinate Conjunctions : but, so, and, yet, or, nor, for.
I didnt know the way to the hotel. I asked a policeman.
I didnt know the way to the hotel, so I asked a policeman.
Mary is a vegetarian. She is fat.
Mary is a vegetarian, yet she is fat.
22.
2. Correlative Conjunctions:
(1) Eitheror
I can go to meet the consultant. You can go to meet the consultant.
23.
(Only one person can meet the consultant)
Either I or you can go to meet the consultant
(2) Not only.but also
He is dependable. He is trustworthy.
He is not only dependable, but also trustworthy.
(3) Bothand
Ali falls in love with Siti. Ahmad falls in love with Siti.
Both Ali and Ahmad fall in love with Siti
(4) Neither.. nor
He is not dependable. He is not trustworthy.
He is neither dependable, nor trustworthy

10

Name : Agus Hasim

3.

NPM : 150510150013 Majors/Class : Agroteknologi/A

24.
Conjunctive Adverbs:
However, nevertheless (contrast)
Therefore, otherwise, accordingly, consequently, thus, in fact (result)
Furthermore, besides, moreover (augmentation)
Then, meanwhile (time)
25. Exs :

The road was wet and slippery. There were many accidents.
The road was wet and slippery, consequently there were many accidents.
The dog is smart. The dog is wakeful.
The dog is smart, moreover it is wakeful.

26.
27. Complex Sentences (CS) :

28. Kalimat yang terdiri dari:

1
2

Main Clause (induk kalimat), bagian dari CS yang dapat berdiri sendiri.
Sub-Clause (anak kalimat), bagian dari CS yang tidak dapat berdiri sendiri tapi tergantung pada
Main Clause.
29.
30. Families help each other when sickness came.
a)
b)
31.

Families help each other : Main Clause (Induk kalimat)

When sickness came: Sub Clause (Anak kalimat)

32. Sub-clause biasanya didahului oleh :

1)
2)
33.

Subordinate conjunctions: as, since, because, when, dsb.

Relative Pronoun: who, which, that

34. Fungsi sub-clause ada 3 :

1) Menerangkan noun Adjective Clause
2) Menerangkan kata lain kecuali noun Adverbial Clause
3) Mengganti noun Noun Clause
35.
36. 1.a.Krakatau exploded in 1883. b. Krakatau is a volcano on an Indonesian island.
37. Krakatau, which is a volcano on an Indonesian island, exploded in 1883.
38. Yg digaris bawahi : adjective clause

11

Name : Agus Hasim

39.

NPM : 150510150013 Majors/Class : Agroteknologi/A

2.a.People lived 4000 km away. b. People heard it.

40. People who lived 4000 km away heard it.

41. 3.a.She did not pass her examination. b.She did not study.
42. She did not pass her examination, because she did not study
43. Yg digaris bawahi : adverbial clause

When the girl broke her leg, she sat down.

He can meet you when he finishes his work.
I am always tired although I have a good nights sleep.

44.
3

What you hear about the Tom is not true.

That is not true
That = what you hear about the Tom
That her husband is a teacher is true.
45.
46.

I remember when my children were born.

I remember that
That = when my children were born = noun clause

47.
48.
49.

Fill in the blanks with correct conjunction!

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
50.
51.

John isnicehelpful to his sister.

The new students are .good.diligent.
. .my uncle.my aunt enjoy traveling to remote regions.
There are not enough seats in the bus, .half of us have to stay at home . we all dont go.
The director wants to see .his father.his mother to explain the case.
We have been swimming the whole morning, we are now ..tired..hungry.
The older students are.good.diligent, they are lazy.
These bees are very dangerous, .could they be handled,..could their honey be harvested.
Combine the sentences with correct conjunction !

The toys were returned to him. They belong to the boy.

The toys which belong to the boy, were returned to him.
Ali was appointed manager of a firm. Ali is 40 years old.
Ali who is 40 years old, was appointed manager of a firm.
12

Name : Agus Hasim

NPM : 150510150013 Majors/Class : Agroteknologi/A

52.

She hurried home to feed the birds. The birds were sick.
The apartment is one of the most expensive buildings. It is on the third floor
The shopkeeper asked for police protection. He had been robbed.
The people were given help. The peoples houses were burned down.
I was in Surabaya. I learned to speak Javanese.
They moved to an expensive house. They became proud.
Yanti went to the market. Mother stayed home
She will spend all her money on clothes. She earns a lot.
Elephants need to drink. They use their trunk.
Their trunks are very long. They can pick up big things.
They use their trunks. They only want to pick up a peanut.
He should not be paid unless he does his work.
We can hire a baby sitter. We have the money.
Planes link us with people far away. The world seems smaller.
She loved to draw. She decided to become a painter
He likes to eat. You ate last week.
We worked very efficiently yesterday and finished early. We got a reward.
He hurt his ankle. He kept on walking as he did not want to be left behind.
She wants her daughter to play the piano at a concert. She has to send her to a conservatory to
study.
There are a number of cases of swine flu in the neigbourhood. If you dont feel well go to the
doctor immediately.
I dont like jazz. I enjoyed the concert as the members of the band played excellently.

53.
54.
55.
56.
57.
58.

13

Name : Agus Hasim

NPM : 150510150013 Majors/Class : Agroteknologi/A

59. TENSES
60.

61.
1.
2.
3.
4.
6.
7.
8.
9.

Present Tense
Present Continuous Tense
Present Perfect Tense
Present Perfect Continuous Tense
5.
Past Tense
Past Continuous Tense
Past Perfect Tense
Past Perfect Continuous Tense
10.

11.
12.
13.
14.
16.
17.
18.
19.

Future Tense
Future Continuous Tense
Future Perfect Tense
Future Perfect Continuous Tense
15.
Past Future Tense
Past Future Continuous Tense
Past Future Perfect Tense
Past Future Perfect Continuous
Tense

20.
1.

Present Tense
21. Subject + verb 1 ( + s)

2.

She wakes up at 5 oclock every day.

The sun rises in the East.
Water boils at 100 C degrees
A week consists of 7 days.
22.
Present Continuous Tense
23. Subject + to be (am, is, are) + verb 1 + ing

3.

Pak Yus is teaching English now.

The students are studying English now.
Ltr. Belakang : ..
24. No, I am preparing for my exams.

Present Perfect Tense

25. Subject + have/has + verb 3

4.
27.

26.
Present Perfect Continuous Tense
Subject + have/has + been + verb 1 + ing

5.
29.

I have already studied Chapter 1

I have been studying for two hours

28.
Past Tense
Subject + verb 2

14

Name : Agus Hasim

NPM : 150510150013 Majors/Class : Agroteknologi/A

6.
30.

I studied last night

Past Continuous Tense
Subject + were/was + verb 1 + ing

7.
31.

I was studying when they came

Past Perfect Tense
Subject + had +verb 3

8.

I had already studied Chapter 1 before I began to study Chapter II

Past Perfect Continuous Tense
32. Subject + had + been + verb 1 + ing

9.

I had been studying for two hours before my friend came

Future Tense
33. Subject + will + verb 1

10.

I will study tomorrow

Future Continuous Tense
34. Subject + will + be + verb 1 + ing

11.

I will be studying when you come tomorrow at 10 oclock

Future Perfect Tense
35. Subject + will + have + verb 3

12.

I will have already studied Chapter IV before I study Chapter V

Future Perfect Continuous Tense
36. Subject + will + have + been + verb 1 + ing

13.

I will have been studying for two hours by the time you arrive
Past Future Tense
37. Subject + would + verb 1

14.

15.

16.

They asked me whether I would go to the meeting

He said that he would be here
Past Future Continuous Tense
38. Subject + would + be + verb 1 + ing
He said: I will be studying English at seven o clock to night.
He said that he would be studying English at seven o clock that night.
Past Future Perfect Tense
39. Subject + would + have + verb 3
If you had studied hard, you would have passed your exam.
Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense
40. Subject + would + have been + verb 1 + ing

15

Name : Agus Hasim

NPM : 150510150013 Majors/Class : Agroteknologi/A

41.

They told me that by the end of that month, they would have been living there
for fifteen years.
Tenses Review

Mr. Martin had been living in Medan for five years before he moved to Bandung in 1981.
42.
This sentence means ..
A. He had lived in Medan before 1976
B. He began to live in Medan in 1976
C. He lived in Medan only in 1976
D. He is still living in Medan now
E. He lived in Medan only in 1981.
43.
Our next-door neighbours . in that house for one year by next Christmas because they moved
there last Christmas.
A. will
D. will have been living
B. will be living
E. will have lived.
C. have lived
F.
The concert pianist the auditorium before we arrived.
A. had left
D. has been leaving
B. was left
E. had been left.
C. already left
F.
Adrian a newspaper when she came.
A. is reading
D. was reading
B. read
E. will read.
C. reads
F.
By the end of this month, I my assign-ment.
A. will finish
D. am finishing
B. will have finished
E. was finishing.
C. finish
F.
Did he die after he . for a long time?
A. was ill
D. being ill
B. has been ill
E. been ill.
C. had been ill
F.
His mother .. a lot about him before she heard that he was safe.
A. worried
D. had worried
B. has worried
E. had been worried.
C. worries
F.
My friend will certainly pass the test because.
A. she studied hard
B. she has studied hard

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Name : Agus Hasim

NPM : 150510150013 Majors/Class : Agroteknologi/A

C. she had studied hard

E. she has been studying hard.
D. she had been studying hard
F.
When do you get married?. After school.
A. I finish
D. I had finished
B. I finished
E. I have been finishing.
C. I am finishing
F.
I met Tyas this morning when I .for the bus.
A. wait
D. has waited
B. waited
E. was waiting.
C. am waiting
F.
He .to solve this mathematical problem for the past fifteen minutes.
A. has been trying
D. had tried
B. has tried
E. had been trying.
C. tried
F.
When you come back I ..all the homework.
A. will finish
D. had finished
B. have finished
E. finish.
C. will have finished
F.
My uncle .English for ten years when I was fifteen years old.
A. has taught
D. has been teaching
B. is teaching
E. had been teaching.
C. was teaching

By the end of this week, he will have finished reading the novel. It means :.
A. He has finished reading the novel.
D. He will not finished reading the novel.
B. He may have finished reading the novel.
E. He has not finished reading the novel and
C. He was reading the novel.
is going to finish reading it this week.
F.
My friend will certainly pass the test because
A. she studied hard.
D. she had been studying hard.
B. she has studied hard.
E. she has been studying.
C. she had studied hard.
F.
His mother.a lot about him before she heard that he was safe.
A. worried.
D. had worried
B. has worried
E. had been worried.
C. worries
F.
Did he die after he . for a long time?
A. was ill
B. has been ill
17

Name : Agus Hasim

C. had been ill

D. being ill

NPM : 150510150013 Majors/Class : Agroteknologi/A

E. been ill.

F.

I dont like cigarettes. The smell. me a headache.

A. make
C. makes
B. do make
D. have made.
E.
I want to see you tomorrow. What at ten oclock? .
A. would you do.
D. had you done.
B. have you done.
E. will you be doing.
C. are you going to do.
F.

G.
H.
I.

18

Name : Agus Hasim

NPM : 150510150013 Majors/Class : Agroteknologi/A

J. TOPIC SENTENCE (MAIN IDEA)

K.
L.

M. The hippo is a large water and land animal.

N. It lives in Africa. Except for the elephant, the hippo is the heaviest of all land animals.
O. A large hippo may weigh as much as three automobiles. We wouldnt want a hippo to step on
our toes !
P. The topic sentence : The hippo is a large and land animal Explicit
Q.
R. When a baby is born, its heart beats 140 times a minute. In children about ten years old, the
heart beats around ninety times a minute. Later on, the heart beats about seventy times per
minute. Childrens hearts beat faster than grown ups
S. The topic sentence : Childrens hearts beat faster than grown ups Explicit
T.
U. Dogs can hear much better than people. A sound that people can hardly hear at 4 meters dogs
can hear at 40 meters. Dogs can also hear higher sounds than people can. Thats why people
use very high pitched whistles to signal to dogs.
V. The topic sentence : Dogs can hear 10 times better than people Implicit
W.
X. Exercises
Y. Circle the main idea of the paragraphs :
A.
B.
C.
D.
Z.
A.
B.
C.
D.
AA.
A.
B.
C.

Not everything that falls from the sky is rain or snow or sleet.
Fish have fallen from the sky.
So have frogs and tadpoles.
How and why such animals get up into the air somewhat of mystery, but it has happened
more than a few times in history.
Horses dont live as long as people.
A horse that lives to the age of thirty is very old.
One year of a horses life is equal to three years of a persons.
A thirty year old horse is as old as a person who is ninety.
The first people to make correct maps were the Egyptians.
Before a map can be drawn, land must be measured.
The Egyptians made tools for this purpose.
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Name : Agus Hasim

NPM : 150510150013 Majors/Class : Agroteknologi/A

D.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
AB.

They measured the entire land with special measuring chains.

Many people think deserts are made up just of sand.
This is not true.
In most deserts sand covers only a small part of the land.
Sometimes sand covers only one or two miles of every ten.
Most of the deserts are covered by rock.

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
AC.

The housefly carries many germs.

Some of the germs are on the hairs of its legs.
Some are on the houseflys feet.
Most flies carry far more than a million germs.
One fly was known to carry over six million germs.

AD.
AE.
Cats catch colds just as people do. Cats that have a cold sneeze very often. Their
noses run.
AF.
Their eyes become watery, just as the eyes of people who have colds. When this happens to
your
AG.
cat, keep it warm. Feed the cat lots of liquids.
AH.
The main idea of this paragraph is :
A. that cats with colds show just one sign.
B. that cats are somewhat like people.
C. that cats need no help.
AI.
AJ.
AK.
The first bicycle was called a walk-along. It looked a lot like the bicycle of today.
Only there
AL. was something missing. There were no pedals. The rider had to push it along with the feet,
like a kiddie car.
AM. The main idea of the paragraph is :
A. that walk-alongs were faster than the bicycles of today.
B. that walk-alongs were prettier than the bicycles of today.
C. that walk-alongs were slower than the bicycles of today.
AN.
AO.
A person can swim about 5 km an hour. The little goldfish can swim almost as fast.
The whale can swim four times as fast as people. So can the sea turtle. The dolphin swims five
times as fast as a person. The sailfish can swim even faster.
AP.The main idea of this paragraph is that the sea turtle cannot swim :
A. at all.

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Name : Agus Hasim

NPM : 150510150013 Majors/Class : Agroteknologi/A

B. as fast as sail fish.

C. as fast as a person.
AQ.
AR.
AS. PASSIVE VOICE
AT.
AU.

AV.In Passive Voice, the subject does not perform the action of the verb, but instead is acted upon
by someone or something. In other words, the subject is passive.
Mary was given a ticket by the police.
AW.
AX. In this sentence, the police gave the ticket to Mary. Mary did not give the ticket to the
police. Notice that by is used to indicate who (or what) is performing the action.
AY.In Passive Voice, it is not always obvious who is performing the action
The story was told over and over again.
AZ.
BA. In this sentence it is uncertain who told the story and the information is not assumed to be of
primary importance.
1. Simple Present Tense
BB. Is/are + verb 3
He borrows the newspapers every Sunday.
The newspapers are borrowed by him every Sunday
Hurricanes destroy a great deal of properties each year.
A great deal of properties is destroyed by hurricanes.
BC.
2. Past Tense
BD. was/were + verb 3
Marys father promised her a prize.
Mary was promised a prize by her father.
BE.
3. Present Continuous Tense
BF.Is/are + being + verb 3

Anna is writing the letters.

The letters are being written by Anna.
Miss Niken is teaching the students.

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Name : Agus Hasim

NPM : 150510150013 Majors/Class : Agroteknologi/A

The students are being taught by Miss N.

BG.
4. Past Continuous Tense
BH. Was/were + being + verb 3
He was doing the homework when I came.
The homework was being done by him when I came.
5. Present Perfect Tense
BI. Has/have + been + verb 3
Somebody has dropped a wallet on the road.
A wallet has been dropped by somebody on the road,
BJ.
6. Past Perfect Tense
BK. Had + been + verb 3
My sister had finished the work before I came.
The work had been finished by my sister before I came.
BL.
7. Present Perfect Continuous Tense
BM. Has/have + been + being + verb 3

She has been writing the letters for two hours.

The letters have been being written by her for two hours.

BN.
BO. Exercises

Who invented TV? Benny or Berta?

A. Benny was invented TV
D. It was invented by Benny
B. Benny is to invented TV
E. It will be invented by Benny.
C. It is TV invented by Benny
F.
She is going to buy a new present for you. The passive form is :
A. You are going to buy a new present for
D. A new present is going to be bought by
her.
her for you.
B. You will be bought a new present by
E. A new present is going to be buy by her
her.
for you.
C. You are going to be bought a present by
her.
F.
Find one of the passive voice among the sentences below :
A. She was interested in the film.
D. He was tired
B. She has been satisfied.
E. I was born in 1971.
C. They will be disappointed.
F.
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Name : Agus Hasim

NPM : 150510150013 Majors/Class : Agroteknologi/A

America ..four hundred years ago.

A. discover
D. was discovered
B. will be discovered
E. was being discovered
C. had discovered
F.
Nobody can wash this dirty shirt. The correct passive form of this sentence is :
A. This dirty shirt cannot be washed.
C. This dirty shirt was washed by nobody.
B. This dirty shirt could not have been
D. This dirty shirt cannot be washing.
washed.
E. This dirty shirt cannot washed.
F.

The letter is short. It can in three minutes

A. write
D. be written
B. wrote
E. is written
C. to write
A wooden bridge.here next year
A. Is going to build.
D. is building.
B. is to build.
E. is built.
C. will be built.
We like Mr. Nelson very much. We English by him for three years.
A. are teaching.
D. have been teaching.
B. are taught.
E. were taught.
C. have been taught.
F.
G.
H.
I.
J.
K.
L.
M.
N.
O.
P.

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Name : Agus Hasim

NPM : 150510150013 Majors/Class : Agroteknologi/A

Q. REFERENCES
R.

S.
T. Some students read slowly but dont know that they do; others read slowly and know it. Their
reading problems are the same, but the latter can be helped more easily because they are already
aware of their problem.
U.
V. Write down the word, phrase or part of a sentence, the underlined references in the sentences refer
to.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Mr. Anton bought a new car. His wife hasnt seen it yet.
The Alis old television set didnt work, but their new one is fine.
Everyone seems to think my boss is guilty. If so, she will probably resign. If not, we should
apologize to her.
Mary thought the moon landing was a waste of money, and Martin her husband, thought the
same.
Although the President doesnt seem to trust the polls, everyone else does.
When Leewenhoek looked at a drop of water under microscope, he saw many little animals,
which were called protozoa.
W.
X.
Y.

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Name : Agus Hasim

NPM : 150510150013 Majors/Class : Agroteknologi/A

Z. SENTENCE PATTERN
AA.
AB.

Pola Kalimat Tunggal (Simple Sentences)

AD.
AE.
Pola I :
AF.Subject (Noun) + Verb
AC.

I turned
They laugh

I gave him a book

He asked me a question

The play was very interesting

She is a teacher

Adverb of manner
She writes beautifully
Adverb of time
She wrote a letter yesterdaY
Adverb of place
She is writing a letter in her room

Pola II :
Subject (Noun) + Verb + Object (Noun)
He reads a book
We see a film

He reads
The children play

They eat rice

She sent her friend a letter

Pola II a :
Subject+Verb+Indirect Object+Direct Object

Pola II b :
Subject+Verb+Direct Object+Preposition+Indirect Object
I gave a book to him
We bought a pen for her
They sent a letter to Joko
Pola III :
Subject + Linking Verb + Complement

She is an engineer

Pola IVa :
Subject + Verb + Adverb

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Name : Agus Hasim

NPM : 150510150013 Majors/Class : Agroteknologi/A

26

Pola IVb :
Subject + Verb + Object + Adverb

He saw the thief clearly in the moonlight last night.

He cried sadly in the corner yesterday
She got angry at school yesterday
Last night he saw the thief clearly in the moonlight
Yesterday he cried sadly in the corner
Yesterday she got angry at school

1.

Linking Verbs :
Be
Verb

: am, is, are, was, were, has been, will have been, would have been, might be.
: feel, get, grow, look, taste, smell,sound

Susunlah kata-kata berikut menjadi kalimat yang benar !

the examination to the students announced the teacher.

2.

3.

prescribed the doctor the medicine for you.

the door is going to John for us open.

WRITING PRACTICE - COMPOSITION

Five Steps to Successful Writing

Step 1. Preparation

1.
2.
3.

Establishing your objective,

Identifying your reader,
Determining the scope of your coverage.

Step 2. Research

Three sources of information :

1.
2.
3.

1.
2.

The library,
Personal interviews or written questionnaires,
Your own knowledge.
Step 3. Organization
Determining the sequence in which your ideas should be presented
Making outline.

Step 4. Writing the Draft

The process of transcribing and expanding the notes from your outline into topic sentences
and then into paragraphs.

Write the draft quickly, concentrating entirely on converting your outline to sentences and
paragraphs.

1.
2.
3.

Step 5. Revision
Read and evaluate the draft from the point of view of the reader,
Dont try to do all your revision at once. Read through your rough draft several times,
each time looking for and correct-ing a different set of problems or errors.
Check slowly and carefully for problems of grammar, punctuation, spelling,
abbreviations, capital letters, etc. and format.