A)

B)
C)
D)

1.The fundamental attribution error involves

becoming more extreme in one's individual opinions following group discussion.
performing a complex task more poorly when in the presence of others.
underestimating situational constraints on another's behavior.
losing self-restraint in group situations that foster anonymity.

A)
B)
C)
D)

2.Professor Stewart wrote a very positive letter of recommendation for a student despite
having doubts about her competence. Which theory best explains why he subsequently
began to develop more favorable attitudes about the student's abilities?
cognitive dissonance theory
scapegoat theory
two-factor theory
equity theory

A)
B)
C)
D)

3.Research participants who worked alongside someone who rubbed his or her face or
shook his or her foot were observed to do the same thing themselves. This best illustrated
the mere exposure effect.
the chameleon effect.
social loafing.
the bystander effect.

B)
C)
D)

4.Using the Asch procedure, conformity to group judgments would be LEAST likely when
participants announce their own answers only after the other group members have
done so.
participants are not observed by other group members when giving their answers.
it is very difficult to make correct judgments.
judgments are made in a group that has more than three people.

A)
B)
C)
D)

5.In a study of social loafing, blindfolded students were asked to pull on a rope as hard as
they could. The students tugged hardest when they thought
three others were pulling with them.
three others were pulling against them.
no others were pulling with them.
no one was monitoring how hard they pulled.

A)
B)
C)
D)

6.Although Frieda is typically very reserved, as part of a huge rock concert crowd she lost
her inhibitions and behaved in a very sexually provocative way. Frieda's unusual behavior
is best understood in terms of
the bystander effect.
social facilitation.
deindividuation.
the mere exposure effect.

A)

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A)
B)
C)
D)

7.Groupthink is fueled by a desire for

self-disclosure.
harmony.
minority influence.
cognitive dissonance.

A)
B)
C)
D)

8.Evidence that people exhibit heightened levels of prejudice when they are economically
frustrated offers support for
cognitive dissonance theory.
social exchange theory.
the scapegoat theory.
attribution theory.

A)
B)
C)
D)

9.Shortly after Alex learned that he had failed to make the high school football team, he
vandalized the team's locker room and broke several classroom windows. His behavior is
best explained in terms of
group polarization.
the mere exposure effect.
social loafing.
the frustration-aggression principle.

A)
B)
C)
D)

10.People's physical attractiveness is a good predictor of their

happiness.
academic competence.
frequency of dating.
altruism.

A)
B)
C)
D)

11.Although Natalie receives somewhat greater rewards from her marriage than does her
husband, both are satisfied with the relationship because they each benefit in proportion
to what they put into it. This best illustrates the significance of
equity.
deindividuation.
social facilitation.
the mere exposure effect.

12.When Hutu militia began to slaughter the Tutsi in 1994, missionary Carl Wilkens risked
his own life to save the lives of others. His actions best illustrated
A)
social facilitation.
B)
the mere exposure effect.
C)
the reciprocity norm.

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D)

altruism.

A)
B)
C)
D)

13.After Mrs. Chanski and her children had helped themselves to free samples of the cookies
being promoted in the grocery store, she felt obligated to buy some, even though they
seemed unreasonably expensive. Her reaction best illustrates the significance of
social facilitation.
the reciprocity norm.
the bystander effect.
the just-world phenomenon.

A)
B)
C)
D)

14.Although the leaders of two enemy nations admit to a buildup of their own military
forces, each sees the other country's actions as unreasonable and motivated by evil
intentions. This situation best illustrates
deindividuation.
the mere exposure effect.
the just-world phenomenon.
mirror-image perceptions.

A)
B)
C)
D)

15.Initiating one or more small conciliatory acts is a central feature of

the just-world phenomenon.
social facilitation.
the mere exposure effect.
GRIT.

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Answer Key
1.C
2.A
3.B
4.B
5.C
6.C
7.B
8.C
9.D
10.C
11.A
12.D
13.B
14.D
15.D

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