Professional Documents
Culture Documents
19)
Teenager boy with recurrent nosebleeds, visible nasal mass,
nasal obstruction = juvenile angiofibroma. Its a benign growth but
can invade and erode locally.
20)
Edema, hypoalbuminemia, no urine RBC, and fatigue are signs of
nephrotic disease. Most common cause is minimal change disease in
children and FSGS and membranous nephropathy in adolescence and
adults. Hepatitis infection is associated with increased risk for
membranous nephropathy.
21)
Suspect Alports Syndrome in patients with recurrent
hematuria, sensorineural deafness, and family history of renal failure.
Dx shows splitting of GBM.
22)
Iron deficiency is the most common nutritional deficiency in
children. It is at risk with babies under 2 who drink mostly cow-milk
(low iron) than breast milk. Tx is oral iron therapy
23)
In patient with type I diabetes, acute infection can precipitate
DKA due to increased glucagon increases hyperglycemia. As a result,
depletion of total body potassium storage even though serum K+
may be elevated.
24)
Neonate with jaundice, light-colored stool, hepatomegaly, and
direct (conjugated) hyperbilirubinemia requires prompt evaluation for
biliary atresia. Dx is ultrasound to show absence or abnormal
gallbladder. Dont pick Crigler-Najjar or Gilberts syndrome (CG) both
resulting in unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia.
25)
Chest CT scan isnt the best option for foreign bodies stuck in
right bronchus because some foreign bodies dont show up in CT scan
so the best diagnosis is immediate bronchoscopy.
26)
Gynecomastia can occur up to 2/3 pubertal boys but
reassurance that it most likely will dissolve.
27)
For sickle-cell patients with recurrent vasooclusive pain,
hydroxyurea is indicated with its effect to increased fetal
hemoglobin.
28)
Pathophysio of Hirschsprungs disease could be in RET gene that
is responsible for movement of nerve cell, which this disease lacks
myenteric plexus. A mutation in RET gene is associated with Downs
Syndrome.