Professional Documents
Culture Documents
2013 Schneider Electric All Rights Reserved Advanced Technical Training Power Course July 2013
L1: To Know
L2: Standby
L6: Rotary
L7: Eco-Mode
Standby
Line Interactive
Double Conversion On-line
Rotary
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2013 Schneider Electric All Rights Reserved Advanced Technical Training Power Course July 2013
L1: To Know
L2: Standby
L6: Rotary
L7: Eco-Mode
Unit Structure
This unit is divided into six lessons a foundational lesson, one for each of
the five common UPS designs covered, and one for eco running mode.
Lesson 1
What You
Need to Know
Before You
Begin
Lesson 3
Standby UPS
Line
Interactive
UPS
Lesson 2
Double
Conversion
On-line UPS
Lesson 4
Lesson 5
Rotary UPS
Eco Running
Mode
Lesson 6
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2013 Schneider Electric All Rights Reserved Advanced Technical Training Power Course July 2013
L1: To Know
L2: Standby
L6: Rotary
L7: Eco-Mode
Before We Begin
There are a number of organizations
that set standards for UPS systems.
AC
DC
L1: To Know
L2: Standby
L6: Rotary
L7: Eco-Mode
L1: To Know
L2: Standby
L6: Rotary
L7: Eco-Mode
UPS Requirements
Because these are the primary organizations that create the
requirements for UPS systems, you should have a general understanding
of how they work and how Schneider Electric works with them.
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2013 Schneider Electric All Rights Reserved Advanced Technical Training Power Course July 2013
L1: To Know
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L6: Rotary
L7: Eco-Mode
International Electrotechnical
Commission (IEC)
Founded in 1906, the IEC is the worlds leading organization for the
preparation and publication of International Standards for all electrical,
electronic, and related technologies. These are known collectively as
electrotechnology.
The IEC is a standards organization that accredits standard developing
organizations, such as Underwriters Laboratory (UL). Both organizations
accredit the labs that test products to ensure compliance. All Schneider
Electric architectures are tested against and comply with IEC standards.
During the workshop you will learn more about the applicable IEC
standards of which you should be aware when talking with your
customers about UPS solutions.
Complete information is found on www.iec.ch.
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2013 Schneider Electric All Rights Reserved Advanced Technical Training Power Course July 2013
L1: To Know
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L7: Eco-Mode
ENERGY STAR
Schneider Electric participates in the voluntary ENERGY STAR program,
which recognizes the top 25% in efficiency in the industry. The program is
aimed at reducing pollutants caused by the inefficient use of energy, while
also making it easy for consumers to identify and purchase energy
efficient products.
In addition to delivering significant overall savings and providing critical,
reliable functions within small to medium businesses and homes, the
Schneider Electric Smart-UPS and Back-UPS were tested under the
supervision of an independent certification body on the following criteria
to become ENERGY STAR qualified:
Efficiency
Performance Tested
Published Results
For more information, refer to the ENERGY STAR UPS site and apc.com,
where you will find a listing of qualified products.
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2013 Schneider Electric All Rights Reserved Advanced Technical Training Power Course July 2013
L1: To Know
L2: Standby
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L7: Eco-Mode
L1: To Know
L2: Standby
L6: Rotary
L7: Eco-Mode
UPS
Load
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2013 Schneider Electric All Rights Reserved Advanced Technical Training Power Course July 2013
L1: To Know
L2: Standby
L6: Rotary
L7: Eco-Mode
UPS
Load
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2013 Schneider Electric All Rights Reserved Advanced Technical Training Power Course July 2013
L1: To Know
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L7: Eco-Mode
UPS
Load
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2013 Schneider Electric All Rights Reserved Advanced Technical Training Power Course July 2013
L1: To Know
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L6: Rotary
L7: Eco-Mode
Utility
Power
DC
AC
AC
DC
AC
DC
Inverter
Switches
or Relays
Battery
Charger
Surge
Protection
Filtering
The
inverter
converts
the DC
powertwo
from
the
The
type
will
change
between
possible
The first
Some
battery
designs
functions
employ
as
a
dedicated
the
stored
battery
source
of DC
the
UPS
and other
its
load
battery
into
AC
power
used
byagainst
the
attached
Protects
against
harmonic
distortions
and more
electrical
paths.
The
type
functions
power. to maintain the batteries.
charger
load.
Some
inverters can also function in the
electrical
noise
surges
and
spikes
like a light
switch.
These
chargers
areAC
sometimes
referredIn
reversebattery
manner,
changing
into DC power.
When
the switch
is closed,
is able
to flow
to
asmanner,
rectifiers.
this
an inverter
canpower
be used
to charge
through
When
theinternal
switch DC
is open,
the There
batteriesit.and
other
systems.
connection
is of
broken
andsymbols
power isused
no longer
are a number
different
to
able
to
flow,
making
this
the
off
position.
represent different types of inverters.
AC
DC
AC
DC
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2013 Schneider Electric All Rights Reserved Advanced Technical Training Power Course July 2013
L1: To Know
L2: Standby
L6: Rotary
L7: Eco-Mode
Quick Quiz
1. Click the image that you think correctly illustrates the way in
which the utility power flows into the UPS?
C
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2013 Schneider Electric All Rights Reserved Advanced Technical Training Power Course July 2013
L1: To Know
L2: Standby
L6: Rotary
L7: Eco-Mode
The utility power flows into the UPS from the left side of the screen,
through the UPS, and then out to the equipment drawing power
from the UPS or its load.
UPS
Load
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2013 Schneider Electric All Rights Reserved Advanced Technical Training Power Course July 2013
L1: To Know
L2: Standby
L6: Rotary
L7: Eco-Mode
Quick Quiz
2. For each UPS symbol shown below, click the button with the
correct name for it from the choices listed below the symbol.
Battery Charger
Battery
Filter
Surge
Battery Charger
Inverter
Switch
Surge
Switch
AC
DC
Battery
Filter
Filter
Inverter
Inverter
Surge
2013 Schneider Electric All Rights Reserved Advanced Technical Training Power Course July 2013
Submit
16
L1: To Know
L2: Standby
L6: Rotary
L7: Eco-Mode
Switch
Battery Charger
Filter
AC
DC
Inverter
Surge
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2013 Schneider Electric All Rights Reserved Advanced Technical Training Power Course July 2013
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L7: Eco-Mode
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2013 Schneider Electric All Rights Reserved Advanced Technical Training Power Course July 2013
L1: To Know
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L6: Rotary
L7: Eco-Mode
Back-UPS CS 500
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2013 Schneider Electric All Rights Reserved Advanced Technical Training Power Course July 2013
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L7: Eco-Mode
In a standby UPS
power from the utility flows into the unit
through the surge protector and filter
Utility
Power
before passing
through the
transfer switch
AC
DC
and out to
the attached
load
L1: To Know
L2: Standby
L6: Rotary
L7: Eco-Mode
AC
DC
21
L1: To Know
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L6: Rotary
L7: Eco-Mode
AC
DC
the inverter turns on and begins to take power from the internal battery,
and the transfer switch transfer feeding the inverter power out to the load.
Because the inverter is not powered up during normal operation, it is
considered to be in standby, hence the name of this type of design.
Click here to replay the animation.
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2013 Schneider Electric All Rights Reserved Advanced Technical Training Power Course July 2013
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L7: Eco-Mode
Benefits
Relative low cost
Compact
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2013 Schneider Electric All Rights Reserved Advanced Technical Training Power Course July 2013
L1: To Know
L2: Standby
L6: Rotary
L7: Eco-Mode
Limitations
Using battery under
brownout condition
Impractical to use at
sizes over 2 kVA
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2013 Schneider Electric All Rights Reserved Advanced Technical Training Power Course July 2013
L1: To Know
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L6: Rotary
L7: Eco-Mode
UPS
UPS Load
Note that the quality of the surge suppression and the noise filtering is
independent of the UPS and not an specific feature of that UPS design.
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2013 Schneider Electric All Rights Reserved Advanced Technical Training Power Course July 2013
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L6: Rotary
L7: Eco-Mode
Summary
Standby
Products
Benefits
Limitations
Application
Uses battery
during
brownouts,
impractical over
2 kVA
Schneider Electric
Back-UPS (ES, NS,
and CS)
Tripp-Lite Internet
Office
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2013 Schneider Electric All Rights Reserved Advanced Technical Training Power Course July 2013
L1: To Know
L2: Standby
L6: Rotary
L7: Eco-Mode
Quick Quiz
1. True or False? The image shown below correctly illustrates how
power flows into the standby UPS, during normal operation.
Utility
Power
AC
DC
True
False
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2013 Schneider Electric All Rights Reserved Advanced Technical Training Power Course July 2013
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L7: Eco-Mode
True
Utility
Power
AC
DC
L1: To Know
L2: Standby
L6: Rotary
L7: Eco-Mode
L1: To Know
L2: Standby
L6: Rotary
L7: Eco-Mode
Products
L1: To Know
L2: Standby
L6: Rotary
L7: Eco-Mode
Line Interactive
This is the most common design for use in small business and
departmental servers.
Utility
Power
AC
DC
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2013 Schneider Electric All Rights Reserved Advanced Technical Training Power Course July 2013
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L7: Eco-Mode
In normal operation
the inverter of the UPS is connected directly to the output. The inverter
functions in reverse providing the battery charging.
Like the standby UPS, the input AC power is connected directly to the
load assuming that voltage conditions are acceptable.
Utility
Power
AC
DC
L1: To Know
L2: Standby
L6: Rotary
L7: Eco-Mode
AC
DC
L1: To Know
L2: Standby
L6: Rotary
L7: Eco-Mode
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2013 Schneider Electric All Rights Reserved Advanced Technical Training Power Course July 2013
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L7: Eco-Mode
Utility
Power
High
Ideal
AC
DC
Low
L1: To Know
L2: Standby
L6: Rotary
L7: Eco-Mode
Benefits
High efficiency
High reliability
Good voltage
conditioning
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2013 Schneider Electric All Rights Reserved Advanced Technical Training Power Course July 2013
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L6: Rotary
L7: Eco-Mode
Limitations
Does not regulate
frequency
Impractical at sizes
over 5 kVA
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2013 Schneider Electric All Rights Reserved Advanced Technical Training Power Course July 2013
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L7: Eco-Mode
Summary Comparison
Standby
Products
Benefits
Limitations
Application
Schneider Electric
Back-UPS
Tripp-Lite Internet
Office
Schneider Electric
Smart-UPS
Powerware 5P
High reliability,
high efficiency,
good voltage
conditioning
Line
Interactive
Like standby, line interactive benefits from the high efficiencies of being
able to pass acceptable utility power directly onto the load, automatic
voltage regulation, and lower overall internal part count, which gives it a
very high availability reliability with good voltage conditioning.
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2013 Schneider Electric All Rights Reserved Advanced Technical Training Power Course July 2013
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L7: Eco-Mode
Quick Quiz
1. True or False? The image shown below correctly illustrates
how power flows into the line interactive UPS, during normal
operation.
Utility
Power
AC
DC
True
False
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2013 Schneider Electric All Rights Reserved Advanced Technical Training Power Course July 2013
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L7: Eco-Mode
False
Utility
Power
AC
DC
L1: To Know
L2: Standby
L6: Rotary
L7: Eco-Mode
LESSON 4: DOUBLE
CONVERSION ON-LINE UPS
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2013 Schneider Electric All Rights Reserved Advanced Technical Training Power Course July 2013
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L7: Eco-Mode
Products
L1: To Know
L2: Standby
L6: Rotary
L7: Eco-Mode
Characteristics
primary design within 3-phase UPS industry;
every major UPS manufacturer makes one
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2013 Schneider Electric All Rights Reserved Advanced Technical Training Power Course July 2013
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L7: Eco-Mode
Utility
Power
AC
DC
AC
DC
L1: To Know
L2: Standby
L6: Rotary
L7: Eco-Mode
In normal operation
the UPS takes in the incoming AC power from the utility, transforms it
into DC power that is used to power the output inverter and charge the
batteries
AC
DC
AC
DC
L1: To Know
L2: Standby
L6: Rotary
L7: Eco-Mode
Utility
Power
AC
DC
AC
DC
L1: To Know
L2: Standby
L6: Rotary
L7: Eco-Mode
Utility
Power
AC
DC
AC
DC
47
L1: To Know
L2: Standby
L6: Rotary
L7: Eco-Mode
AC
DC
AC
DC
2013 Schneider Electric All Rights Reserved Advanced Technical Training Power Course July 2013
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L6: Rotary
L7: Eco-Mode
Benefits
Ease of paralleling
Excellent voltage
conditioning
Ability to synch to
other sources
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2013 Schneider Electric All Rights Reserved Advanced Technical Training Power Course July 2013
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L6: Rotary
L7: Eco-Mode
Limitations
Multiple conversions
impact efficiency
Expensive
under 5 kVA
Limited overload
capabilities
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2013 Schneider Electric All Rights Reserved Advanced Technical Training Power Course July 2013
L1: To Know
L2: Standby
L6: Rotary
L7: Eco-Mode
Summary Comparison
Standby
Products
Benefits
Limitations
Application
Schneider Electric
Back-UPS
Tripp-Lite Internet
Office
Schneider Electric
Smart-UPS
Powerware 5P
High reliability,
high efficiency,
good voltage
conditioning
Schneider Electric
Smart-UPS On-Line,
Smart-UPS VT,
Symmetra 1
MGE Galaxy, EPS
Liebert NX
Excellent
voltage
conditioning,
ease of
paralleling,
ability to synch
to other
sources
Multiple
conversions impact
efficiency,
expensive under
5 kVA, limited
overload
capabilities
Line
Interactive
Double
Conversion
On-Line
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2013 Schneider Electric All Rights Reserved Advanced Technical Training Power Course July 2013
L1: To Know
L2: Standby
L6: Rotary
L7: Eco-Mode
Quick Quiz
1. True or False? The image shown below correctly illustrates
how power flows into the double conversion on-line UPS,
during normal operation.
Utility
Power
AC
DC
AC
DC
True
False
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2013 Schneider Electric All Rights Reserved Advanced Technical Training Power Course July 2013
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Utility
Power
AC
DC
L6: Rotary
L7: Eco-Mode
True
AC
DC
The UPS takes in the incoming AC power from the utility, transforms it
into DC power that is used to power the output inverter and charge the
batteries.
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2013 Schneider Electric All Rights Reserved Advanced Technical Training Power Course July 2013
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L7: Eco-Mode
Background
To this point you have been presented with information about electrical
static UPS systems, the most common type of UPS systems found in
data centers.
Another, less common, type of UPS is the mechanical rotary UPS.
Static
UPS
Rotary
UPS
2013 Schneider Electric All Rights Reserved Advanced Technical Training Power Course July 2013
L1: To Know
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L6: Rotary
L7: Eco-Mode
Products
The three large rotary suppliers of rotary UPS systems are:
Piller Power Systems
Hitec Power Protection
EURO-DIESEL / E1 Dynamics
Schneider Electric does not offer a rotary UPS at the present time.
However, it is important that you have a general understanding of this
topic as you will undoubtedly read about it in articles and may be asked
about it by customers.
Lets start by looking at the two types of rotary UPS systems.
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L7: Eco-Mode
Two Types
Motor-Generator /
Battery Rotary UPS
Engine-Coupled
Rotary UPS
L1: To Know
L2: Standby
L6: Rotary
L7: Eco-Mode
MotorGenerator
L1: To Know
L2: Standby
L6: Rotary
L7: Eco-Mode
2013 Schneider Electric All Rights Reserved Advanced Technical Training Power Course July 2013
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L6: Rotary
L7: Eco-Mode
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2013 Schneider Electric All Rights Reserved Advanced Technical Training Power Course July 2013
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L7: Eco-Mode
L1: To Know
L2: Standby
L6: Rotary
L7: Eco-Mode
Suitable Environments
Rotary UPS systems are more suited to environments characterized by
multiple short inrushes of power. An example is an environment in which
multiple motors constantly turn on and off.
Other examples include:
Satellite stations and broadcast stations
where high power amplifiers turn on and
off in rapid and random sequence
High security installations such
as military applications whose
goal it is to prevent electrical
eavesdropping
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L6: Rotary
L7: Eco-Mode
Rotary or Static?
The short answer is it depends on who you ask.
Proponents of rotary tout the system to be at least 10 times more
reliable than static and thus preferable because of the following:
Quality of the sine wave is superior No harmonic distortion
Less complex system
No need for power capacitors
Inherent fault clearing
No distorted loads / clipping
of the voltage
Less sensitivity to working
temperatures
Whereas proponents of static systems tout these benefits over rotary:
Less complex installation and maintenance procedures
Lower Mean Time to Repair (MTTR)
Low to no noise, vibration, and exhaust gas
Higher efficiency
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2013 Schneider Electric All Rights Reserved Advanced Technical Training Power Course July 2013
L1: To Know
Standby
Rotary
L6: Rotary
L7: Eco-Mode
Benefits
Limitations
Application
Schneider Electric
Back-UPS
Tripp-Lite Internet
Office
Schneider Electric
Smart-UPS
Powerware 5P
High reliability,
high efficiency,
good voltage
conditioning
Excellent voltage
conditioning,
ease of
paralleling, ability
to synch to other
sources
Multiple
conversions impact
efficiency,
expensive under
5 kVA, limited
overload
capabilities
Schneider Electric
Smart-UPS On-Line,
Smart-UPS VT,
Symmetra 1
MGE Galaxy, EPS
Liebert NX
Overload
capacity, fault
clearing, less
sensitivity to temp
More suited to
environments
characterized by multiple
short inrushes of power
Double
Conversion
On-Line
Products
Line
Interactive
L2: Standby
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2013 Schneider Electric All Rights Reserved Advanced Technical Training Power Course July 2013
L1: To Know
L2: Standby
L6: Rotary
L7: Eco-Mode
Quick Quiz
1. Rotary of Static? To which type of UPS does the following list of
advantages apply, according to proponents of the system?
Rotary
Static
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2013 Schneider Electric All Rights Reserved Advanced Technical Training Power Course July 2013
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Static
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L6: Rotary
L7: Eco-Mode
L1: To Know
L2: Standby
L6: Rotary
L7: Eco-Mode
Whats eco-mode?
Heres how eco-mode is defined in the Operations Manual:
In bypass operation, an even higher operating efficiency may be
achieved without sacrificing protection when there are good power
conditions. Depending on configuration, efficiency can exceed 99%.
The load remains in bypass mode until the input voltage exceeds
tolerance levels, and then enters full protection mode. UPS
performance Class B cannot be guaranteed during short circuit error
scenarios and other conditions. This setting is disabled by default and
can be configured using the touchscreen display.
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2013 Schneider Electric All Rights Reserved Advanced Technical Training Power Course July 2013
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L7: Eco-Mode
In an online UPS...
the UPS takes in the incoming AC power from the utility, transforms it into
DC power that is used to power the output inverter and charge the batteries.
Utility
Power
AC
DC
AC
DC
L1: To Know
L2: Standby
L6: Rotary
L7: Eco-Mode
Significant
risk
Worth it?
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L7: Eco-Mode
Utility
Power
AC
DC
AC
DC
2013 Schneider Electric All Rights Reserved Advanced Technical Training Power Course July 2013
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L6: Rotary
L7: Eco-Mode
Eco-Mode Comment
Normal operation
Rectifier / Inverter
Bypass
Eco-mode exposes
the load to raw mains
During a power
disturbance
Inverter
Inverter
During a fault
condition
Bypass
Bypass
In eco-mode,
online operation
any mains
the UPS
power
uses
abnormality
the bypasscauses
path only
the when
UPS to
there
switch
is a
fault. Therefore,
power
paths between
the critical
bypass
load
and
is inverter.
not subject
Note
to that
power
andisturbances,
advanced ecoeven during
mode
will have
a mains
additional
power
features.
problem.
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2013 Schneider Electric All Rights Reserved Advanced Technical Training Power Course July 2013
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L7: Eco-Mode
Quick Quiz
1. True or False? Eco-mode is not always compatible with transfer
switches used in the distribution chain and any incompatibilities
must be resolved before committing to eco-mode.
True
False
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L7: Eco-Mode
True
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L7: Eco-Mode
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2013 Schneider Electric All Rights Reserved Advanced Technical Training Power Course July 2013
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Voltage
Conditioning
Cost / VA
Efficiency
Inverter Always
Operational
Standby
0 - 0.5 kVA
Low
Low
Very High
No
Line Interactive
0.5 5 kVA
Design
Dependent
Medium
Very High
Design
Dependent
Double Conversion
On-line
5 5000 kVA
High
Medium
Low /
Medium
Yes
Delta Conversion
On-line
5 5000 kVA
High
Medium
High
Yes
These factors play a part in determining the Total Cost of Ownership (TCO)
* Note that rotary UPS systems are omitted intentionally as Schneider Electric
does not currently offer a rotary UPS.
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Business
have
changed over time, forcing
AC types
the need for different
DC
of UPS systems.
L6: Rotary
L7: Eco-Mode
implementation and
DC
manufactured
quality are
AC
often DC
dominant factors in
determining the ultimate
performance achieved in
the customer's application.
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Unit Review
The primary goal of this unit is to provide you with a basic
understanding of five common UPS designs:
Standby
Line Interactive
Double Conversion On-line
Delta Conversion On-line
Rotary
L1: To Know
L2: Standby
L6: Rotary
L7: Eco-Mode
L1: To Know
L2: Standby
L6: Rotary
L7: Eco-Mode
www.MyEnergyUniversity.com
2013 Schneider Electric All Rights Reserved Advanced Technical Training Power Course July 2013
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L6: Rotary
L7: Eco-Mode
2013 Schneider Electric All Rights Reserved Advanced Technical Training Power Course July 2013
Thank You !
2013 Schneider Electric All Rights Reserved Advanced Technical Training Power Course July 2013