1.

RESULTS

Experiment 1 : Pulse Input in a Tubular Flow Reactor

Flow Rate : 700 mL/min
Input Type : Pulse input
Conductivity (mS/cm)
Time (min)

Inlet

0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0

Outlet

0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
Table 1

0.0
1.6
2.2
2.9
2.3
0.8
0.3
0.1
0.0

Graph of Outlet Conductivity vs Time

3.5
3
2.5
2
Conductivity, mS/cm 1.5
1
0.5
0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5
Time, min

Graph 1 : Graph of Outlet Conductivity versus Time

Time (min)
0.0
0.5

Outlet conductivity (mS/min)

0.0
1.6

E(t)
0.0000
0 .3422

1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0

2.2
2.9
2.3
0.8
0.3
0.1
0.0
Table 2

0.4706
0.6203
0.4920
0.1711
0.0642
0.0856
0.0000

Graph of E(t) versus Time

0.7
0.6
0.5
0.4
E(t) 0.3
0.2
0.1
0
0

0.5

1.5

2.5

3.5

4.5

Time, min

Graph 2 : Graph of E(t) versus Time

Outlet
Time (min)

conductivity

E(t)

tm = tE(t)

(mS/min)
0.0

0.0

(t-tm) E(t)dt
0.0000

0.000

0.000

s3 =
(t-tm)3E(t)dt
0.000

0.5

0 .3422

1.6

1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
= 2.246

2.2
2.9
2.3
0.8
0.3
0.1
0.0
= 3.4762

0.4706
0.6203
0.4920
0.1711
0.0642
0.0856
0.0000
= 7.1164

0.1711

2.4318

-6.4828

0.4706
0.93045
0.9840
0.4278
0.1926
0.2996
0.0000
= -10.9645

2.2074
1.7213
0.6687
0.07585
0.001764
0.009561
0.000

-0.7809
-2.8673
-0.7795
-0.0505
-0.000293
0.003195
0.000

Table 3

Experiment 2: Step Change Input in a Turbular Flow Reactor

Conductivity (mS/cm)
Time (min)

Inlet

Outlet

0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5

0.0
2.1
2.3
2.3
2.3
2.4
2.4
2.4
2.4
2.4

0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
2.2
2.8
2.9
2.9
2.9
2.9

Flow rate : 700

mL/min
Input type : Step
change

Table 4

Graph of Outlet Conductivity vs Time

3.5
3
2.5
2
Outlet Conductivity, mS/cm 1.5
1
0.5
0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5
Time, min

Graph 3 : Graph of Outlet Concentration versus Time

Time

Conductivity

(min)

(mS/min)
Inlet

0.0

Outlet

0.0

s3

C(t)

E(t)

tm

Cit

Ci(t)/Ci(t)

t*E(t)/

(t - tm)2 *

(t - tm)3 *

C i t

E(t)/Cit

E(t)/ Cit

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.0

0.5
1.0
1.5
2.0
2.5
3.0
3.5
4.0
4.5

2.1
2.3
2.3
2.3
2.4
2.4
2.4
2.4
2.4

0.0
0.0
0.0
2.2
2.8
2.9
2.9
2.9
2.9

0.0
0.0
0.0
4.4
7.0
8.7
10.15
11.6
13.05
Cit =

0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0801
0.1275
0.1585
0.1849
0.2113
0.2377
E(t) = 1

0.0
0.0
0.0
0.002918
0.005724
0.00866
0.01179
0.01540
0.01948
tm = 0.06397

0.0
0.0
0.0
0.00582
0.01444
0.02583
0.0410
0.0611
0.08692
2 =

54.9

0.88818

0.23511
Table 5

Graph of E(t) versus Time

0.25
0.2
0.15
E(t)

0.1
0.05
0
0

0.5

1.5

2.5

3.5

Time, min

Graph 4 : Graph of E(t) versus Time

4.5

0.0
0.0
0.0
0.01162
0.03604
0.07728
0.1303
0.2435
0.38944
s3 =