AP Human Geography

Ch. 3 Study Guide 4

Migration
1. Explain the difference between emigration and immigration.

2. How is net migration calculated?

3. What is the demographic equation and what does it calculate?

4. What two-way movement of people in the United States serves as an

example of circular or cyclical migration?

5. Briefly summarize British demographer Ernst Ravensteins laws of

migration (include all six).

6. What was Ravenstein one of the first researchers to do?

7. What are recent trends showing about migration patterns for women?

8. Explain what Ravenstein meant by counterflows of migrants.

9. What did Ravenstein attribute the decreasing number of migrants as

distance increased to (hint: its a vocab term from a previous chapter)?

10.

What often plays an important role in migration?

11.
What did social scientist Everett Lee develop based on
Ravensteins laws of migration?

12.

What was his theory centered on?

13.
According to Figure 3.12 on pg. 83, what four factors did Everett
Lee identify as affecting the decision to migrate in his migration
theory?

14.

What is internal migration?

15.

What two broad categories can it be broken into?

16.
Give an example of internal migration in the United States
(past or present).

17.

How do experts view internal migration today?

18.
What three major factors influence internal migration
decisions?

19.
What do migration experts agree has a strong influence on
migration decisions and the likelihood of carrying them out?

20.

Why are migration rates among your children very high?

21.

What type of families have a low rate of migration?

22.

What age group has the highest migration rates?

23.
Since migration rates decrease with age, at what age can the see
a slight increase after steadily decreasing for years?

24.
What constitutes one of the most important factors in internal
migration, and even more so in long-distance migration?

25.
What environmental characteristics do studies of migration point
to as being desirable for migrants?

26.
If migrants are more mindful of the amenities of a destination,
then what characteristics do they tend to have?

27.
What is one of the most persistent forms of internal migration
in developing regions of the world?

28.

Why isnt much known about these migration rates?

29.

What dimension does rural-rural migration tend to have?

30.
For what reason do people tend to move within a regions rural
areas (list all)?

31.
In what country in particular is rural-rural migration one of the
predominant forms of migration?

32.
What differences are there in the rural-rural migration
patterns of men and women in this country?

33.

What are these migration patterns for women known as?

34.

What percentage of Nepals internal migration is rural-rural?

35.

What areas are the people of Nepal moving from and to?

36.
What type of internal migration has led to the rapid growth of
cities?

37.
Between what years in the 20th century did this migration pattern
occur most rapidly worldwide?

38.

When was rural-urban migration most prevalent in the U.S.?

39.

When was it most prominent in China?

40.
How many people in China migrated to urban areas during this
time period?

41.
Prior to this time period, what system controlled internal
migration?

42.

How did this system restrict internal migration within China?

43.

When did China begin to reform this system?

44.
Why have many governments put policies in place to limit ruralurban migration within their countries?

45.

What are the two types of urban out-migration?

46.

What three general forms does urban-urban migration take?

47.
When does urban-urban migration become more frequent
within a country?

48.

Where is it more common?

49.
Where is urban-urban migration the most prevalent form of
internal migration now?

50.
For what reasons do people tend to move from city-suburb or
suburb-suburb in developed countries?

51.
What two streams of urban-urban migrants exist in developing
countries?

52.

What does urban-rural migration entail?

53.

What does this type of migration create?

54.

When has the United States experienced this phenomenon?

55.
What migrants fueled this type of migration during these
periods?

56.
Why have many migrants in Africa gone from being rural-urban
migrants to urban-rural migrants?

57.
According to the textbook, how many international migrants
were there in 2014 (when the book was published)?

58.

What percentage of the global population did this account for?

59.

How many internal migrants did India have in the same year?

60.
Why does internal migration affect more people than
international migration?

61.
What has caused a rise in the number of international
migrants that cross an ocean to migrate?

62.
How many Africans were relocated to the Americas as part of the
Atlantic Slave Trade that started in the 1500s?

63.
How many Europeans crossed the Atlantic to the United States
between 1880 and 1914?

64.

What caused this many Europeans to migrate internationally?

65.
What percentage of international migration from developing
countries to developed countries?

66.
What percentage is from developing countries to other
developing countries?

67.
What percentage of international migrants then originated in
developing countries?

68.

What regions of the world have a net emigration?

69.

What regions of the world have a net immigration?

70.
According to the tan table in Figure 3.15 on pg. 88, what country
of the world has the rate of net emigration?

71.

What country loses the most migrants?

72.
73.

What country has the highest rated of net immigration?

What country gains the most migrants?

74.

Identify migration corridors.

75.

What migration corridor involves Germany?

76.

Why are these migrants coming to Germany?

77.

How did this cause chain migration to Germany?

78.
What country has Afghanistan had a migration corridor with
since the 1800s?

79.
What event caused migration between these two countries to
accelerate in the late 1970s and early 1980s?

80.

When is a migrant designated as a refugee?

81.

What is the term for a country protecting refugees?

82.
What characteristic does the movement of refugees tend to
have?

83.
What countries the Middle East have taken in refugees from the
Syrian civil war since 2011?

84.
What is the difference between a refugee and an internally
displaced person?

85.
How many people in Iraq have been displaced by the Iraq War
since 2003?

86.
What country has the highest amount of internally displaced
persons?

87.
What are the main causes of refugees and internally
displaced persons globally?

88.
According to Figure 3.16 on pg. 89, what is the worlds largest
migration corridor?

89.
According to What a Geographer Sees on pg. 90, what does
economic transnationalism focus on in relation to migration?

90.
How much money was sent between countries as remittances
during 2010?
91.
What country received the most money in remittances that
year?

92.
In what country do remittances account for more than half of
the countrys gross domestic product?

93.
Name an aspect of Bowling Green that reflects
transnationalism (hint: check out the What a Geographer Sees on
pg. 91)

94.
What percentage of international migrants reside in the
United States?

95.

How did the U.S. limit migration prior to 1965?

96.

What law abolished such country quotas?

97.

What does the U.S. use now to control migration?

98.

What are the four categories?

99.
What category has the highest ceiling?
100.
What percentage of the 1 million migrants admitted to the U.S. in
2011 entered under this category?

101.

What are authorized immigrants in the U.S.?

102.

What are unauthorized immigrants in the U.S.?

103.
What percentage of immigrants in the U.S. as of 2014 are
considered authorized immigrants? (hint: add the percentages)

104.

Where are most of them from?

105.
What immigrants dominated the U.S. migration flows between
1750-1950?

According to the line graph in Figure 3.17 on pg. 92, in what

decades did migration flows from Asia and Latin America begin to
surpass those from Europe?

106.