new clinical technique for fabrication

immediate partial denture

Abstract
Immediate partial denture is a choice of treatment due to various cases of teeth extraction such as
badly carious teeth, periodontal disease, eruption problems, trauma, and other reasons. Many
choices are used to replace the lost teeth; one of these choices is a removable plastic denture in
which hot cured acrylic resin should be used to fabricate such denture. Aim of Study: To provide
an applicable technique to fabricate an immediate partial denture by reducing and declining the
prosthetic steps and some materials in proportional to the conventional method. Clinical
Procedures: Maxillary and mandibular stone casts are mounted to a simple articulator and the
procedures are explained as step by step to fabricate an immediate partial denture without using
the conventional methods and material, just using a small quantity of white cold cure acrylic
resin to fabricate the artificial teeth, hot cure acrylic resin for the denture base and mold made of
a silicon impression material are used to fabricate an immediate partial denture. Conclusion: The
finished immediate partial denture showed a good retention and produced the exact shapes and
sizes of the extracted teeth with low cost and less time for a dentist and patient.
Keywords: Acrylic, immediate temporary denture, immediate denture, prosthodontic, technique
How to cite this article:
Zwiad AA. New clinical technique for fabrication immediate partial denture. Dent Hypotheses
2013;4:139-42
How to cite this URL:
Zwiad AA. New clinical technique for fabrication immediate partial denture. Dent Hypotheses
[serial online] 2013 [cited 2015 Mar 19];4:139-42. Available
from: http://www.dentalhypotheses.com/text.asp?2013/4/4/135/122677
Introduction
Various reasons lead to extract natural teeth such as, dental caries, periodontal disease, eruption
problems, trauma, orthodontics, and other reasons. [1] Many choices are used to replace the lost
teeth; one choice for replacing lost teeth is the removable plastic dentures. Proposed changes in a
laboratory and clinical techniques in prosthodontics may lead to change in options of treatments.
Several studies have dealt with the subjects of providing alternative and applicable techniques in
general dentistry and various prosthodontic treatments. [2],[3],[4],[5] Immediate dentures remain an
important tool for providing patients with an instant replacement option for extracted teeth.
Clinical and laboratory techniques can be used to facilitate the accurate construction of
immediate dentures, as well as some of the problems that can compromise their final outcome. [6]
The immediate denture has been documented since 1860 and still some patients insist to avoid

extraction of their hopeless teeth due to their desire to avoid the condition of comparative
esthetic and may be for emotional factors. Immediate denture is fabricated before all the
remaining teeth have been removed. Its advantages include maintenance of a patient's
appearance, muscle tone, facial height, tongue size, normal speech, and reduction of
postoperative pain. [7] Patients may expect to wear dentures of a particular shape and size and are
familiar with the polished surface shape, the position of the teeth, the base extension, and the
vertical dimension of occlusion. [7] It is necessary and important for a patient to be provided with
an acceptable and well-tolerated new appliance of an immediate denture. Therefore, the task of
providing immediate denture for such patient needs a dentist or prosthodontist be well familiar
and hardly seeking to maintain, or slightly modifying these aspects to overcome faults that have
developed. Patients should find it easier to accept and learn to use their new dentures. [8] A study
showed that plastic removable partial denture was the main type of replacement offered. And
most of the patients, surprisingly, tolerated anterior edentulousness. However, it appears that
anterior edentulousness was more abhorrent to female patients and younger individuals. [9]
Acrylic dentures are still needed in dental practice for patients who need a complete maxillary or
mandibular denture, the results of study suggested that the adult population in need of one or two
complete dentures will increase from 33.6 million adults in 1991 to 37.9 million adults in 2020.
[10]
This study has been concerned with an alternative technique for fabricating a transitional
immediate partial denture in less appointments, less consuming of dental materials and
equipments, less clinical and laboratory procedures, and to provide the aims of preservation
esthetics and functions.
Aim of the study
The aim of this study is to provide:
An applicable technique to fabricate an immediate temporary partial denture by reducing and
declining the prosthetic procedures and materials in proportional to the conventional method.
Clinical Procedures
After producing the necessary working stone casts for a patient, the procedures of this study is
started as follows:
1. The working casts for this study are represented by stone models which was mounted on
a simple articulator that they should be articulated in their correct intercuspal position
[Figure 1].
2. The suggested extracted teeth are determined on the working cast and in respect to this
study they were the four maxillary incisors.
3. Draw and design the extension of the denture base on the maxillary working cast, then
carve the beading line by using a lacron carver [Figure 2].

4. Soften a piece of modeling wax, place it with adaptation on the palatal surface of the
maxillary working cast and cut the excessive wax to the exact shape and design according
to the extension of denture base [Figure 3], this adding of wax will serve to compensate
the thickness of the acrylic, while the space for the labial flange of the denture will be
prepared by shaving the inner surface of the silicon impression later on.
5. Using a silicon impression material, to make an impression for the maxillary working
cast with its additional wax [Figure 4].
6. After separating the impression from the cast, extract the four maxillary incisor teeth
from the working stone cast [Figure 5].
7. Use the impression to produce a set of an artificial teeth for the four extracted maxillary
incisors by using white cold cure acrylic resin as follows:

a. Mixture of white cold cure acrylic resin is poured in the space of the imprinted
four maxillary incisor teeth, adapt it on the cast, and wait the material to be set
and cured.
b. The produced artificial teeth are picked up from the impression as one piece.
c. Clean and carve the artificial teeth to their normal shapes, sizes, and check them
to be fit to the space in the cast. The produced teeth are saved for next step.

8. Determine the abutment teeth (canines are used for this case) and prepare an accurate
clasp for each canine by using stainless steel wire gauge 0.7.
9. The prepared clasps are adapted, placed on the abutments teeth, and fixed on the
abutments by using a small drop of sticky yellow wax should be dropped on the clasp's
arm labially [Figure 6].
10. Set the produced artificial teeth in their space on the cast and check for correction of the
occlusion and adjustment on the articulator, then start to put in step by step a sufficient
mixture of acrylic resin (Triplex hot- Type I Class I, Ivoclar Liechtenstein) and in a
proportional mixing ratio 3:1 on the palatal surface of the cast [Figure 7].
11. Cut any excessive material in respect to the extension of the denture base, also put a
sufficient mixture on the labial site [Figure 8] to form the labial flange.
12. Convey the silicone impression alone without its tray and adapt it on the entire maxillary
compartment including the maxillary working cast, clasps, and the mixture of the heat
cure acrylic resin to be ready for the polymerization cycle [Figure 9].

13. Introduced the entire maxillary compartment in to the heat pressure machine to achieve
the curing cycle for polymerization the hot cure acrylic resin, the machine is set on
120C, three bars, and 20 min.
14. After setting time; the compartment is picked up, left on the bench to cool, separate the
immediate partial denture to be finished, and polished by the conventional procedures of
finishing a denture.
15. Place the finished denture on the working cast, remount the cast on the articulator, and do
a selective grinding for a necessary correction for the occlusal contacts of the teeth.

Figure 1: Maxillary and mandibular working casts are mounted on a simple

articulator
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Figure 2: A view shows extension of the denture base on the maxillary

working cast
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Figure 3: Add a piece of modeling wax on the maxillary working cast

to compensate the thickness of the denture base
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Figure 4: Impression for the maxillary cast shows the shape and depth
of the prospective thickness of the denture base that is produced by the
additional wax
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Figure 5: A view for the site of four maxillary incisors after extraction
from the working cast
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Figure 6: Two clasps are adapted and fi xed by drops of sticky yellow
wax on the retentive arms labially on the canines' abutment teeth
Click here to view

Figure 7: Adjust the produced artifi cial teeth in their space and apply a
mixture of hot cure acrylic step by step on the palatal surface of the
working cast
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Figure 8: Add a mixture of hot cure acrylic resin from the labial aspect
to form the labial fl ange of the denture
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Figure 9: The silicone impression is adapted on the entire maxillary

compartment including the maxillary working cast, clasps, and mixture
of the acrylic resin to be ready for the polymerization cycle in the heat
pressure machine
Click here to view

Discussion

The study could provide an accurate immediate partial denture with good esthetic for it
compensates the exact shapes and sizes of the previous extracted teeth. It provides good
adaptation and retention on the working cast, so it is expected to be so in the patient mouth for it
will serve as a wound splint in the time of the extraction of the teeth. The technique is economic
that it saves time, materials, and tools such as modeling wax, gypsum products, and metal flasks.
As the denture produced by this technique provides the same sizes and shapes of the extracted
teeth; therefore, this will be expected to develop an excellent toleration of the natural teeth at the
time of insertion of the immediate denture. This technique could be applicable to fabricate a
transitional single partial denture and fabrication of a surgical splint in case of maxillofacial
prosthesis, for example, in hemimaxillectomy operation. The technique needs a normal skill of
dental technician, but in case if it is fabricated by a dentist it may need more training or
improving laboratory skill with consideration of just supplying the dental clinic with a heat
pressure machine during furnishing the dental office.
Conclusion
The finished immediate partial denture by this technique provided a good retention, could restore
the exact shapes and sizes of the extracted teeth, and preserve time and esthetic; with a low cost
for patient and dentist. It is applicable in dental clinic and providing the general requirements of
producing an immediate temporary denture.
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