REKAYASA PONDASI 2

Static Methods

-method
The -method is based on a total stress analysis (TSA)
The -method is normally used to estimate the short-term load
capacity of piles embedded in fine-grained soils.
In the -method,

A coefficient, u, is used to relate the undrained shear strength,

Su to the adhesive stress (fs) along the pile shaft.
The skin friction, Qf, over the embedded length of the pile is
the product of the adhesive stress (fs = . u Su)
The surface area of the shaft (perimeter x embedded length).
j

Q f = ( u )( Su ) i ( Perimeter) i ( Length)i

Agus Ika Putra

Civil Engineering
University of Riau
1

i =1

Reference: Budhu, Muni, Soil Mechanics and Foundations,

John Wiley ad Sons.

-method
j

Q f = ( u )( Su ) i ( Perimeter )i ( Length) i
i =1

where j is the number of soil layers within the

embedded length of the pile.
For a cylindrical pile of uniform cross section and
diameter, D, penetrating a homogeneous soil, Qf
is given by

Q f = u Su .D.L

where L is the embedded length of the pile.

3

-method
The value of u to use in determining the load
capacity of piles is a subject of much debate and
testing.
Most tests to determine a u are laboratory tests
on model piles installed in a uniform deposit of
soil.
The major problems with these laboratory tests
are:
1. It is difficult to scale up the laboratory model
test results to real piles.
2. The soils in the field are mostly nonuniform
compared with carefully prepared uniform
soils in the laboratory.
3. Pile installation in the field strongly influences
u, which cannot be accurately duplicated in
4
the
laboratory.

-method

-method
Some popular ranges of values of eL,
used in design are summarized in Tables
8.3 and 8.4.
We should use u, from at least two
sources to estimate Qf.
As we gain field experience and correlate
your estimated Qf with field tests on fullscale piles, you should be able to judge
which source of u best represents your
field condition.
5

-method
Soil type

Equation

Skin friction factors

-method

Reference

-method
The end bearing capacity is found by analogy
with shallow foundations and is expressed as:

Qb = f b Ab = N c ( Su ) b Ab
where

fb
is the base resistance;
Nc,
is a bearing capacity coefficient, usually 9;
(Su)b is the undrained shear strength of the soil at the
Ab

base of the pile;

is the cross sectional area of the base of the pile

Range of valuaes for Nc are shown in Table 8.5

9

10

REKAYASA PONDASI 2

Static Methods
-method

Agus Ika Putra

Civil Engineering
University of Riau
Reference: Budhu, Muni, Soil Mechanics and Foundations,
John Wiley ad Sons.

Thank You

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