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This study aimed to design a Solar Power Generation and Distribution with
Automatic Solar Path Tracking System that focuses on the main electrical source of a
single family dwelling unit and that provide resources for teaching electrical power
generation and distribution system and renewable energy concepts mainly in Solar
energy. The set up consist of a photo-voltaic solar panel, charge controller, light sensors,
stepper motor, nickel metal hydride storage battery, diodes, resistors, fuse, integrated
circuit (IC) and test instruments for measuring voltages and currents. This Solar power
generation and distribution with automatic solar path tracking system is extensively used
to illustrate electrical concepts and promote renewable energy which is available from
the environment.
Some possible loads that the device can supply if the DC supply from the
battery can be converted into AC supply are household lightings and appliances (cellular
phones, televisions, radio computers and refrigerator).
The device is not only beneficial for a household use but also very useful in remote
areas where power is not readily available. This can be used for various purposes such
as, but not limited to; power supply for communication equipment, personal devices,
multi-media and other electronic gadgets with low power consumption.
Chapter 1
The Problem and Its Setting
1.1 Introduction
Sun is the most important component in lifes never ending cycle. Every living
things all flora and faunadefend on the sun, plant needs sunlight to produce their food in
aprocess called photosynthesis, which eventually become food of animals even humans.
Without sun, it is impossible for human or living things live in this world. The humanity
is now more aware in these inevitable climate change and energy crisis that will happen
in not so near future. To reduce the shortage of energy, global warming and mass
destruction of our environment, one of the way is to reduce these problem is to find a
new and environment friendly sources of energy such as hydropower, geothermal, wind
and solar energy form our nature andutilize these abundant natural energy and transform
these energy into electrical energy.
As stated by the Department of Energy, biomass, solar and wind will be the major
sources of energy for the next decade, accounting for more than a third of the countrys
total energy demand. As said by Engr. Bernardo F abula, President/CEO of Equator
Energy Corporation, Philippines is the richest in the world to harvest free electricity
from the sun (5kWh/m day), however due to absence of solar machineries, our country
is now produces the smallest, the most expensive and the dirtiest electricity in the world
72% mad from imported fossils based fuel (coal, petroleum and natural gas).
The second problem is the unstable process of harvesting solar energy. As the
research stated, it is more effective and concentrated when the sun is in direct position
with the photovoltaic cell. Naturally, photovoltaic cells are installed in static
manner,because of this method, the power that can be generate by the photovoltaic
cellwill not attain its maximum loading capacity.
Therefore, this project fixed the problems that occur. TheSolar Power Generation
and Distribution with Automatic Solar Path Tracking Systempromotes the use of
photovoltaic cells, a renewable energy as the main source of electricity.This promotion,
the world will be aware of its benefits not only economically as well as environmentally
resulting to pollution reduction. The use of light dependent resistor as a sensor, it can
perceive heat in 180 degrees of rotation. So the solar power can be generatedhas very
high efficiency compared to the solar panel can only stay in one station.
The project focused to design and build the prototype of a solar tracking system that
would be the starting point to build the realistic solar tracking system.