Professional Documents
Culture Documents
with Etan
Halberg
Overview
Background
Proposed mission requirements
Crew configuration design drivers
Full-scale cabin mockup
Crew station/restraint considerations
Hatch location and crew transfer procedures
In-flight caregiving
Summary
3
Background
Medical events (scale: 1-3)
Class 2 requires ISS HMS; possible emergency evac; 1 per
2.4 years, crew of 7 (cardiac arrhythmia, pneumonia)
Class 3 requires emergency evac; 13 per 15 years, crew of
7; (retinal detachment, acute appendicitis)
Based on medical events (not system failures); data from
remote outposts, spaceflight history
Principles of Clinical Medicine for Space Flight (Barratt, Pool)
Soyuz
Habitable volume: 141 ft3 (TMA descent module)
EDL typically around 45G; ~8G if ballistic
9 injuries among 24 US crew (37.5%), Expeditions 6 thru 30
Kukla,
orig.: SCAPE suit (NASA), Soyuz TMA (NASA), Dragon (SpaceX), CST-100 (Boeing), X-38 and Space Shuttle (NASA), Dreamchaser, (Sierra Nevada Co.), X-37B (Boeing)
Vehicle
X-37B
Vehicle
X-37UCD
N2O4 +
MMH
Propellant
Non-toxic
storable
orig.: NASA
443 ft/s
7 x 4 ft
Payload
Dim.
13 x 4 ft
88 ft3
Payload
Volume
147 ft3
6
orig.: acapsule.com
Volrem147-12135 ft3
G-loads
Access (to) by CMO
Egress procedures
Volume req. 12 ft3
Acceleration (G's)
+Gz
1.6
STS 56
-Gx
1.4
1.2
1
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
Time (s)
Volrem135-13122 ft3
http://plane-crazy.k-hosting.co.uk/Aircraft/Jets/Meteor/gloster_meteor.htm
Min
Max
Hip
90
120
Knee
90
130
Ankle
100
120
Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety, 2016, Good Body Posture:
OSH Answers, in "OSH Answers Fact Sheets. from
https://www.ccohs.ca/oshanswers/ergonomics/sitting/sitting_position.html
http://easyultralightdesign.stroimsamolet.ru/design/cockpit_sizing.php
Volrem122-13109 ft3
Top View
Patient
Crew Medical
Officer (CMO)
10
10
Pilot
Patient
CMO
Crew Configurations
Fore
1
Aft
4
11
Pilot
Patient
CMO
Crew Configurations
+ Pilot isolation
+ Familiar positions
+ Equilateral access to
patient by CMO
- Overall access to
patient/equipment
- Cabin length; leg
room issues
12
Pilot
Patient
CMO
Crew Configurations
+ Leg room
+ Equilateral access to
patient
- Overall access to
patient/equipment
- Egress procedures
- Unfamiliar positions
- Pilot isolation
- Patient g-loads
13
Pilot
Patient
CMO
Crew Configurations
+ Benefits of 1 but
more compact
+ Overall access to
patient
+ Egress procedures
- Asymmetric access to
patient (far-side)
- Use of volume not
ideal
14
Pilot
Patient
CMO
Crew Configurations
+ Most compact
+ Leg room
+ Overall access to
patient/equipment
- Egress procedures
- Pilot isolation
- Patient g-loads
15
Pilot
Patient
CMO
Crew Configurations
Fore
1
Aft
4
16
Selected Configuration
17
Cabin Mockup
Depiction most closely resembles config. 3
Goal of enabling observation and evaluation
Rapidly reconfigurable
In photo (from left to right): UCD students Logan Halstrom, Kasumi Kanetaka, and Alan Carey
18
Volrem109-1693 ft3
Crew Stations
All collapsible/stowable
Patient (3 ft3)
No translation or rotation
Pilot (4 ft3)
Translation along yaw axis
Translation along roll axis
CMO (4 ft3)
Translation along all axes (1 ft3)
Rotation around yaw axis (4 ft3)
19
Distance (inches)
100
80
60
Pilot
Patient
40
Top
View
20
0
0
20
40
60
Angle (degrees)
80
CMO
20
Volrem93-390 ft3
F
C
orig.: wiki/File:X_37B_OTV-2_01.jpg
21
Volrem90-1575 ft3
C
Top
View
Vreq 15 ft3
B
Vreq 14 ft3
22
Volrem75-867 ft3
In-Flight Care
Summary
147 ft3 67 ft3; 54% of total volume in use (80 ft3)
Aft-located hatch (B), crew config. 3 are ideal
Work completed so far
Trades; crew config, hatch locations
Mockups; small-scale, full-scale
Initial volumetric estimate
Future work
Simulated procedures in mockup
Deconditioning considerations
Vehicle systems
ECLSS
Propulsion
Power
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References
[1] Halberg, E. E., Robinson, S. K., Onishi, R., and Blaesser, N.
J., "An ISS Space Ambulance Based on X-37B Technology,"
Accepted, AIAA SPACE, Sept., 2016.
[2] Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety, 2016,
Good Body Posture: OSH Answers, in "OSH Answers Fact
Sheets. from
https://www.ccohs.ca/oshanswers/ergonomics/sitting/sitting_po
sition.html, last retrieved Sept. 6, 2016.
[3] n.d., Aircraft cockpit sizing. from
http://easyultralightdesign.stroimsamolet.ru/design/cockpit_sizi
ng.php, last retrieved Sept. 6, 2016.
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