Professional Documents
Culture Documents
T.CHERIFI
I. INTRODUCTION
The electric power has become an essential asset for
economic competitiveness of nations. Indeed, the level of its
consumption characterizes for a good part the development
level of companies. In this context, its convenience of use, in
other words the maintenance of a balance between supply and
demand, proves to be a decisive key factor to maintain in
"operating state" the economy and the social life.
2015 IEEE
C. Message structure
Two types of messages exist between the master station and
the remote terminals. The first type of frame is formed by a
data link provided with the address of the controlled station and
control information. The size of this message is variable
according to the number of information sent. It is used to
transport user information and for remote supervision.
The second type is used for supervision and flow control.
In this case, the central station communicates with a fixed
frame size in order to minimize the transmission time. This
frame comprises either the address of the remote terminal or a
control signal to check the status of the controlled station. [2]
An FT1.2 frame, as illustrated in Fig 2, is composed of
different codes in hexadecimal and each code has a meaning
as follow:
Start 0x10: the 10 in hexadecimal indicates that it is a
fixed length frame which carry 5 or 6 bytes only.
Start 0x68: The hexadecimal 68 indicates a variable
length frame. This last can carry up to 253 bytes of
user data, and its maximum length is 261 bytes.
C: is the function code.
A: is the RTU address.
Checksum: is modulo 256. It is a check byte that
contains the sum between the address and the function
code.
L: is the length of the frame. It is repeated twice and
the two values must be equal to accept the frame.
End 0x16: the16 in hexadecimal indicates the end of
the frame.
D. Addressing
The addressing in this standard is done at the application
and transmission medium level. At the support, the address is
1 or 2 bytes for master-slave configuration, and from 0 to 2
bytes for master - master configuration.
At the application level, the ASDU, encoded on 1 or 2
bytes, contains the remote station address and the information
to be transmitted.
E. Data link procedures
Transmission
procedures:
Send/no
answer,
Send/Confirmation
"asymmetric
transmission"
and
Request/Response "symmetric transmission" must be used
according to demand. The interface between the link layer and
the user service is not defined in this standard.
1) Asymmetric transmission: In an asymmetric transmission
system, the remote stations are always secondary stations
(slaves). The control center is a primary station (master).
III.
IV.
Request
Link Status
ACK
ACK
SEND
PRM=1
FC = 10:
Request User
Data class 1
PRM=1
FC = 11:
Request User
Data class 2
PRM=0
FC = 11
SEND
PRM=1
FC = 00
Reset Link
Secondary Station
Link App
PRM=0
FC = 00
NACK
PRM=0
FC = 09
SEND
NACK
PRM=0
FC = 09
TABLE II.
4.
Fig. 6. Test of the results with the simulator Docklight
THE SQ FIELD
3.
Reset Link
VI.
References
[1]
[2]
[3]
[4]
[5]
[6]
Signal
changed
[7]
CONCLUSION
Mesure
changed
[8]
[9]
Bruce, A., Lee, R., A framework for the specification of SCADA data
links, Power Systems, IEEE Transactions on, Volume: 9, Issue: 1, Feb.
1994.
David Baily, Edwin Wright, Practical SCADA for Industry, IDC
Technologies, 2003.
Fig. 7. The results of the implementation with SCADA software "Protocol Test System (IEC 60870-5-101)