Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Organizational structure
COD
Each company code uses one chart of accounts and one chart of depreciation
The chart of depreciation is always country-specific.
Depreciation Area
Each depreciation area represents a specific type of valuation
The depreciation areas are defined with a two-digit numeric key
Depreciation area 01 is the leading depreciation area. Values and depreciation
are posted to the general ledger.
Company code is created in Financial Accounting. We assign the chart of
depreciation to the company code
Asset classes= for classifying assets
Fixed assets are classified into asset classes. Some examples of asset classes
could be vehicles, furniture, or machines.The asset class consists of a master
data section and a depreciation area section.Asset classes are created at
client level. They are then assigned to at least one chart of depreciation.
Asset class at client level
Three things get derived number range, screen lay out, account determination
Asset master
Number ranges drive your, to internally assign asset classes to the master data
Asset master: time dependent tab to link CO with assets, because here you
define your cost center
Depreciation key
Depreciation key
Defined at client level used at line item level. To indicate what kind of
depreciation youre dealing with.
Part 2: Asset accounting master data
To structure fixed assets according to the requirements of the company
A master data section with control data and default values for the
administrative data in the asset master record
A valuation section with control parameters and default values for
valuation and depreciation terms
Advantages: Establishes a link between the asset master records and the
accounts to which the related values and depreciation are posted in the general
ledger
Number range: The number range controls the assignment of the number of the
asset master
screen layout specifies which input fields are displayed in the asset master record
The screen layout rule defined here applies to the valuation fields in the
depreciation area
Account assignment must be activated before maintenance in asset class
Asset transactions
In Asset Accounting (FI-AA) integrated with Accounts Payable (incoming
invoice), but without reference to a purchase order
In FI-AA with automatic offsetting entry, but without a link to a
purchase order and without integration with Accounts Payable: This
posting is normally used when the invoice has not yet been received, or when the
With document type AA you post gross, that is, without deducting a
discount.
With document type AN (KN, RN), the amount capitalized to the asset is
reduced by the discount (net document type).
Business Transaction types are used with every posting. They identify
acquisitions, retirements and transfers.
Asset retirement
1. With or without revenue (scrapping)
2. With or without customer (non-integrated)
3. As full or partial retirement
4. As mass retirement (with worklist)
Asset transaction
Asset Accounting distinguishes between different types of transfers, depending
on circumstances:
. Transfers within a company code (intracompany transfer)
. Transfers between different company codes ( intercompany transfer)
The transfer method controls how values are transferred from the source
company code to the target company code.
Gross transfer method - This method transfers the historical values of the
asset to the target company code.
Net method - The net book value is capitalized on the target asset.
New value method - The system capitalizes the amount of the
sales revenue on the target asset.
Unplanned depreciation
The depreciation could be current-value depreciation, for example, that is allowed
for book depreciation but not for tax depreciation
Periodic processing
Periodic processing comprises the tasks in Asset Accounting that must be
performed at periodic intervals
For planning primary costs on a cost center basis, you can periodically
determine planned depreciation and interest and pass these on to primary
cost planning in the CO system via a report.
Investment support is a subsidy that a company receives for certain
asset investments. Assets that are eligible for such a subsidy are marked in
the asset master records with an investment support key. All specifications
for claiming the investment support are stored in the definition of this key.
The claim can be posted manually or in a mass procedure.
Inflation management is required in countries with high rates of inflation
or deflation.
Maandelijks
Opening closing period-m
costing runs-y
balance CF-y -> cc plan-y,assesments-y,distributions-y
Fx revaluation-m
depreciation runs-m
Closing FY assets-y
Closing fiscal year-y
Periodic processing: depreciation
Ordinary depreciation: This is the planned reduction in asset value due
to normal wear and tear.
Special depreciation: This represents a purely tax-based type of
depreciation for wear and tear where the percentage may be staggered
within a tax concession period, without taking the actual wear and tear on
the asset into consideration.
Period control method: assigned with a depreciation and controls how the
transaction gets affected
Depreciation key is assigned to depreciation type.
Depreciation key
DINSDAG: TAXATION
The tax on sales and purchases is the balance of the output tax and the input tax.
The tax liability minus deductible input tax is the tax payable.
The output tax is levied on the net value of the goods and is billed to the
customer. It is a liability of the company to the tax authorities.
The Input tax is levied on the net invoice amount and is billed by the
vendor. The input tax is a receivable which the company claims from the
tax authority.
A tax calculation procedure is assigned to every country for carrying out tax
calculations. The mySAP ERP system is delivered with pre-configured tax
calculation procedures for most countries.
For the USA two tax calculation procedures are relevant:
OTHER GL ACCOUNTS
All other G/L accounts may have one of the following entries in the Tax
Category field:
For non tax-relevant postings (e.g. bank postings)
For postings that require an input tax code (for example, reconciliation
account for payables from goods and services)
For postings that require an output tax code (for example, reconciliation
account for receivables from goods and services)
For postings that require any tax code
For postings with the predefined tax code xx
If the Postings Without Tax Allowed field is selected, you can post to the G/L
account without specifying a tax code. This is especially necessary for tax
postings within a jurisdiction code tax calculation procedure to foreign customers
who do not have a jurisdiction code.
Tip : Accounts for cash discounts need an entry in the Tax Category field if the
system is supposed to post tax adjustments.
BALANCE CONFIRMATION
Reports SAPF130D and SAPF130K create correspondence to and from your
customers and vendors to enable you to check the balance of receivables and
payables.
FOREIGN CURRENCY VALUATION
You carry out the foreign currency valuation before you create the financial
statements. The valuation includes the following accounts and items:
Foreign currency balance sheet accounts, that is, G/L accounts that you
manage in a foreign currency (the balances of the G/L accounts in foreign
currency are valuated)
You can use report SAPF101 to determine where transfer postings are
required. When you define the sort method in Customizing, you can
select the cases where receivables and payables should be regrouped.
COCKPIT SCHEDULING
Provides Structured interface for executing transactions and programs of
complex closing process
The closing process is the recurring process that can occur daily, monthly
and yearly. The Closing Cockpit (Transaction Code CLOCO) can be use to
simplify the complex processes of financial closing by providing
transactions and programs.
It is the set of event-driven activities that optimizes the business
processes. It provides monitoring and analysis tools that covers entire
closing process.