Power Transmission, Distribution and

Utilization
Lecture# 6: Series parameters of a
Transmission line

Slide credits
Slide # 12 and 13 is taken from internet.
Complete URL is provided in the caption

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Contents
Three phase line calculations
Symmetrical spacing
Unsymmetrical spacing

Transposition in a three phase network

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Symmetrical spacing
So far single phase lines are considered.
Three phase lines are used almost everywhere
for power transmission of electrical power.
A three phase line is symmetrical or
equilateral if all the conductors are at an equal
distance from each other.

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Symmetrical spacing
Considering A,B,C are conductors
D is the distance between them. D
In a symmetrical spacing D is
C
constant.
Considering a three phase balanced
circuit

Ia+Ib+Ic=0
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Symmetrical spacing
Inductance of all three phase is required.
La, Lb and Lc
The same formulae for two conductor case will be
used.

a=2x10-7[Ia ln (1/Daa)+Ibln (1/Dab)+Icln (1/Dac)]

Here distance from conductor ab and ac is D and
for aa is ra
a=2x10-7[Ia ln (1/ra)+Ibln (1/D)+Icln (1/D)]
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Symmetrical spacing
Referring to the claim that
Ia+Ib+Ic=0
Ib+Ic=-Ia

a=2x10-7[Ia ln (1/ra)+[Ib+Ic(ln (1/D))]]

a=2x10-7[Ia ln (1/ra)- Ialn(1/D)]
a=2x10-7 Ia ln (D/ra)
Because ln a- ln b = ln a/b
And ln 1/a ln 1/b = ln b/a
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Symmetrical spacing
We know that
L= /I
La=2x10-7 ln (D/ra) [H/m]

In a symmetrical circuit
La=Lb=Lc

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Unsymmetrical spacing
The conductors are not equally
spaced.
Assuming no neutral wire
Ia+Ib+Ic=0
D
C
In this case the flux
Linkage is different.
And hence the inductance is different.
23

D12

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Unsymmetrical spacing
Therefore, the receiving end voltages are
different .
To solve this issue, transposition is applied.

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Transposition
It is an exchange of conductors positions at
regular intervals along the line such that each
conductor occupies the original position
of every other conductor over an equal
distance.

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http://yourelectrichome.blogspot.com/2011/11/inductance-of-three-phase-lines-with_8067.html

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Transposition
We change the
conductor position to
equalize the distance of
each of these
conductors.
Hence the total distance
remains the same.
In this case we find the
flux linkage for a, b and
c conductor.

http://www.transtutors.com/homeworkhelp/electrical-engineering/powersystem/transmission-line-constant.aspx

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Unsymmetrical spacing
Considering a transposed transmission line
the conductor a will be at all the three
positions hence,
a1=2x10-7[Ia ln (1/Daa)+Ibln (1/D12)+Icln
(1/D31)]
a2=2x10-7[Ia ln (1/Daa)+Ibln (1/D23)+Icln
(1/D12)]
a3=2x10-7[Ia ln (1/Daa)+Ibln (1/D31)+Icln (1/D23)]
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Unsymmetrical spacing
avga=a1+a2+a3
avga= (2/3)x10-7[3Ia ln (1/Daa)+Ibln
(1/(D12D23D31))+Icln (1/(D12D23D31))]
Using expression for a balanced three phase
system
avga= (2/3)x10-7[3Ia ln(1/Daa)-Ialn
(1/(D12D23D31))]
avga= (2/3)x10-73Ia [ln(1/Daa)-(1/3) ln
(1/(D12D23D31))]
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Unsymmetrical spacing
avga= (2/3)x10-73Ia [ln(1/Daa)-ln(1/(D12D23D31)1/3)]
Because alnb =lnba
Using the rule
Because ln a- ln b = ln a/b
And ln 1/a ln 1/b = ln b/a

avga= 2x10-7Ia ln[(D12D23D31)1/3/Daa] [wbt/m]

Laavg= avga/Ia
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Unsymmetrical spacing
Laavg= 2x10-7ln[(D12D23D31)1/3/Daa]
Laavg= 2x10-7ln[(Deq)1/3/Daa] [H/m]

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