POINTS ABOUT

MEDICAL TOPICS
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POINTS ABOUT MEDICAL TOPICS

Contents
AMYLOID............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 3
APOPROTEIN ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 3
ARTHRITIS ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 4
AVASCULAR NECROSIS ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 4
BONE GRAFT ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 5
BRAIN ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 5
BRONCHOGENIC CARCINOMA ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 7
CENSUS .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 7
CLOTTING FACTORS ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 8
CONTRACEPTION .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 9
INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE ......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 11
CEREBROSPINAL FLUID .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 12
CULTURE MEDIA ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 13
DEMENTIA......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 15
ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 16
ENGAGING DIAMETER ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 16
ESTROGEN ......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 17
FAMILIAL HYPERLIPOPROTEINEMIA.................................................................................................................................................................................................... 17
FEATURES OF FIBROID ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 18
FIREARM ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 19
GASTRIC MOTILITY ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 20
ABSORPTION IN GUT AND NEPHRON.................................................................................................................................................................................................... 21
HORMONES ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 23
HYPERSENSITIVITY ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 24
IMMUNOGLOBULIN ....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 24
INBORN ERRORS OF METABOLISM AND DEFICIENT ENZYMES ................................................................................................................................................ 25
KIDNEY STONES.............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 28
LITHIUM ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 29
LUNG VOLUMES AND CAPACITIES .......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 30
METABOLIC ACIDOSIS.................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 31
MOSQUITO......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 31
NERVE FIBERS ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 32
MUSCLES AND NERVE SUPPLY ................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 33
CHANGES IN PREGNANCY .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 41
METHODS FOR PROTEINS .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 42
PROTOONCOGENES AND TUMOR SUPPRESSOR GENES ................................................................................................................................................................ 43
RADIOISOTOPES ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 44
RICKETTSIAL ZOONOSES ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 45
ROOT VALUES FOR REFLEXES .................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 45
RAPIDLY PROGRESSING GLOMERULONEPHRITIS ........................................................................................................................................................................... 45

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POINTS ABOUT MEDICAL TOPICS

SMALL INTESTINAL BIOPSY ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 46
SPECIMEN PRESERVATION IN POISONING ......................................................................................................................................................................................... 46
SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES .................................................................................................................................................................................................... 47
STERILIZATION AND DISINFECTION ..................................................................................................................................................................................................... 47
TETANUS............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 48
TOXINS IN FOOD ............................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 48
MANAGEMENT OF POISONING ................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 49
VACCINATION .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 50
VAGINAL CYTOLOGY ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 52
VITAMINS .......................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................... 53

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AMYLOID

POINTS ABOUT MEDICAL TOPICS

AMYLOID
AL

Primary Amyloidosis
(multiple Myeloma/B-Cell Neoplasm)
Secondary Amyloidosis (MC Rheumatoid arthritis)
Hemodialysis Associated Amyloidosis
Familial Mediterranean Fever

AA
A2m
AA
(Pyrin)
A
ACal
ATTR
AIAPP
AANF
A
Electron microscopic finding of amyloid
X ray Crystallographic finding of amyloid
Characteristic feature of long standing type II DM
Protein affected in Alzheimers disease
Most Specific feature of AL type of amyloidosis

Alzemiers disease
Medullary Carcinoma Thyroid
Familial Amyloidotic Neuropathy
Systemic Senile Amyloidosis
Type II diabetes
Isolated Atrial Amyloidosis
Familial Renal amyloidosis
Non branching fibrils
Cross pleated sheet conformation
Islet amyloid protein (amylin)
-amyloid
Macroglossia

APOPROTEIN
LDL
VLDL
Chylomicron
HDL
Cofactor for Lipoprotein Lipase
Inhibitor for Lipoprotein Lipase
Lipoprotein increases risk of
Lipoprotein not showing Electrophoretic mobility
Lipoprotein having maximum triacylglycerol
Maximum exogenous triacylglycerol
Lipoprotein having maximum Cholesterol
Lipoprotein having maximum protein & Phospholipid
Exogenous trigylcerides maximum in
Endogenous triglycerides maximum in

Apo B-100
Apo E
Apo B-100
Apo B-48
Apo A I
Apo A II
Apo C II (Main)
Apo C I
Apo A II (Main)
Apo C III
CHD & Atherosclerosis
Chylomicron
Chylomicron
Chylomicron
LDL
HDL
Chylomicrons
VLDL

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ARTHRITIS

POINTS ABOUT MEDICAL TOPICS

ARTHRITIS
RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS & VARIANTS
Symmetrical
Small Joint
More Osteoporosis
Erosions
RA
SLE
Scleroderma
Dermatomyositis

SERONEGATIVE ARTHRITIS
Asymmetrical
Large Joints
Less Osteoporosis
Periostitis,Syndesmophytes
Ankylosing Spondylitis
Psoriatric arthropathy
Reiter Syndrome
Enteropathic Arthritis

ARTHRITIS
OSTEOARTHRITIS
st
PIP,DIP,1 CMC
Sparing of MCP joint

RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS
Any Small joint
Sparing of DIP

MC connective tissue disorder associated with Scleritis

MC Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome occurs in
(Compression of Tibial Nerve)
MC weakened muscle in Osteoarthritis
MC Late Complication of Acetabular Fracture
MC type of Anaemia in Rheumatoid arthritis

PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS
PIP,DIP,MCP,Wrist
NO SPARING

Rheumatoid arthritis
st
1 Rheumatoid arthritis
nd
2 Ankylosing Spondylitis
rd
3 Osteoarthritis
Quadriceps
Secondary Osteoarthritis
(Post traumatic Osteoarthritis)
Normochromic Normocytic Anaemia

AVASCULAR NECROSIS
BONE
Lower pole of Patella
Tibial Tuberosity
Calcaneum
Navicular
nd
2 Metatarsal
th
5 Metatarsal
Capitulum
Ring epiphysis of Vertebra
Central Nucleus of Vertebral Body
Lunate
Proximal Pole of Scaphoid
Femoral Head

DISEASE
Synding Larsen Joharresen Disease
Osgood Shlatter Disease
Severs Disease
Kohlers Disease
Freibergs Disease
Islene Disease
Panners Disease
Scheurmanns Disease
Calves Disease
Keinbochs Disease
Preisers Disease
Legg-Calve-Perthes Disease

Those written in ITALICS are TRACTION/PULLING APOPHSITIS

All the others are crushing type

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BONE GRAFT

POINTS ABOUT MEDICAL TOPICS

BONE GRAFT
Ideal Source of bone Graft
Commonest Source of Cortical Bone Graft
Best source for Cortical/Corticocancellous bone Graft
Best Source for Cancellous bone Graft

Ilium
Fibula
Anterior Iliac Crest
Posterior Iliac Crest

BRAIN
ANTERIOR HYPOTHALAMUS
Paraventricular Nucleus
Supraoptic Nucleus
Medial Preoptic Nucleus

Oxytocin release
Vasopressin release
Sexual drive in Males

POSTERIOR HYPOTHALAMUS
Lateral area
Ventromedial Nucleus
Mamillary body
Dorsomedial Nucleus
Arcurate Nucleus &
Periventricular Zone

Thirst & Hunger

Satiety centre
Feeding Reflexes
GI Stimulation
Neuroendocrinal Control

Structure of brain involved in emotion

Sensory action of emotion
Expressive action of emotion
Osmoreceptors are located in
Consolidation of long term memory
Window of Limbic system
Reward centre
Functions of Limbic system
Addiction associated with
Conation means
Longetrm memory stored in
Memory doesnot involve processing in Hippocampus
Nucleus controlling Circadian Rhythm
Blobs of visual cortex a/w
Parvocellular pathway carry signal for detection of
Two main afferent to cerebellar cortex
Only output from cerebellar cortex
Neocerebellum to Ventral lateral nucleus of thalamus
through
Largest & most lateral cerebellar peduncle
Afferent tract to middle cerebellar peduncle
Posterior perforated substance located in
Pain sensitive cranial nerve
Vertical & Upside down cortical representation of body

Hypothalamus, Limbic system

Limbic system
Hypothalamus
Anterior Hypothalamus
Hippocampus
Amygdala
Medial forebrain bundle
Emotion, Memory, Higher function
Reward Centre
Desire to take action
Various part of Neocortex
Implicit/Non destructive skill
Suprachiasmatic nucleus
Colour Processing
Colour vision, shape, Fine details
Climbing fibres & Mossy fibres
Purkinje cells
Dentate nucleus
Middle cerebellar peduncle
Pontocerebellar
Floor of interpeduncular fossa
2,3,5,7,9,10
Homunculus

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BRAIN

POINTS ABOUT MEDICAL TOPICS

inCerebrum
Anterior perforated area bounded laterally by
White fibres connecting cortical areas in Same
hemisphere
White fibres connecting corresponding cortical fibres
crossing midline
Cerebral cortex connected to lower levels of brain by
Fibres of genu of corpus callosum curve forward into
frontal lobes to form
Intracellular inclusion bodies found in choroid plexus
Main afferent to basal ganglia
Tightness of blood brain barrier
Vestibular nucleus location
Largest sensory root of trigeminal nerve composed of
LMN includes
Anterior & Lateral spinothalamic tract ends in
Uncrossed ascending tracts
Filum terminale mainly composed of
Ventral roots of spinal nerve contains
Anterior & Posterior gray columns united by
Cranial nerves entrapped in apex of Petrous bone
Parasympathetic Cranial Nerves
Initiation of Voluntary movements by
Maintenance of posture in normal adult depends on
Cell bodies of Orexinergic neurons present in
Function of Microglia
Function of Oligodendrocytes
Function of Astrocyte
Neuroglial cells of ectodermal origin
Neuroglial cells of mesodermal origin
Fibrous astrocyte found in
Protoplasmic astrocytes found in
Repetetive stimulus increase pain means
Pain receptors
Ascending pain pathway in dorsal midbrain inhibited by
Afferent fibres from Lateral geniculate body end in

DOMINANT HEMISPHERE
CATEGORIAL HEMISPHERE
Language Function
Mathematical & scientific Skills
LEFT SIDED OLFACTION

Limen Insulae (Gyrus ambiens)

Association fibres
Commisural fibres
Projection fibres
Forceps minor
Bionds ring tangles
Corticostriate projection
Close apposition of astrocyte
th
Beneath floor of 4 ventricle
Pseudounipolar neurons
Anterior horn cells,Anterior spinal root,Peripheral nerve
Ventral Posterolateral nucleus of thalamus
Nucleus gracilis,cuneatus,Spinoolivary
Piamater
Somatic efferent
Grey commissure
5,6
3,7,9,10
Corticospinal & corticobulbar
Integrity of Reflex arc
Lateral hypothalamic area
Phagocytosis
Myelin formation
Blood Brain barrier
Astrocyte,Oligodendrocytes
Microglia
White matter
Grey matter
Hypersensitisation
Nociceptors (Free nerve endings)
Enkephalin,Seratonin
Layer 4 of Visual Cortex

NON DOMINANT HEMISPHERE

REPRESENTATIONAL HEMISPHERE
Music & Art awareness
Visuospatial Orientation
Form,Shape,Faces,Body images
RIGHT SIDED OLFACTION

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