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CONTENTS
Pages
iii
iv
vi
vii

Preface
Contents
Diagramsandphotog~aphs
Abbreviations

CHAPTER 1
Charts, books, system of names, International Hydrographic Organization, International Maritime Organization
Navigational information (1.1)
Chartsanddiagrams(1.5)
Supply of charts (1.35)
Navigational warnings (1.55)
Admiralty Notices to Mariners (1.62)
Upkeepofthechartoutfit(1.71)
Books(1.97)
System of names (1.135)
International Hydrographic Organization (1.149)
International Maritime Organization (1.156)
United Kingdom Hydrographic Office (1.159)

1
1
6
8
9
11
14
18
19
19
20

CHAPTER 2
The use of charts and other navigational aids
Charts (2.1)
Fixing the position (2.32)
Lights (2.65)
Fog signals (2.71)
Buoyage (2.73)
Echosoundings(2.79)
Squat (2.94)
Under-keel c1earance (2.100)

21
26
30
31
31
32
34
35

CHAPTER 3
Operational information and regulations
Obligatoryreports(3.1)
Distressandrescue(3.7)
Tonnage and load lines (3.16)
National limits (3.23)
Vessels requiring special consideration (3.33)
Fishing methods (3.55)

Ships'routeing(3.63)

36
36
37
37
39
43

48

Vessel traffic management and port operations (3.70)

Exercise areas (3.72)
Minefields(3.77)
Helicopter operations (3.81)
Pilot ladders and mechanical pilot hoists (3.91)
International port traffic signals (3.99)
Offshore oil and gas operations (3.104)
Submarine pipelines and cables (3.129)
Overhead power cables (3.137)
Pollution of the sea (3.140)
Oilslicks(3.158)
Conservation (3.159)
Historic and dangerous wrecks (3.160)
International Safety Management Code (3.161)

49
49
50
50
51
53
54
59
60
61
63
63
64
64

CHAPTER 4
The sea
Tides (4.1)
Tidalstreams(4.13)
Ocean currents (4.17)
Waves (4.30)

65
67
67
70
iv

Underwatervo1canoes and earthquakes (4.38)

Tsunamis (4.40)
Density and salinity of the sea (4.42)
Colour of the sea (4.45)
Bioluminescence(4.46)
Submarine springs (4.48)
Coral (4.52)
Sandwaves(4.56)
Local magnetic anomolies (4.59)

72
72
73
73
78
78
79
79
82

CHAPTER 5
Meteorology
General maritime meteorology (5.1)
Weather routeing of ships (5.53)
Abnormal refraction (5.55)
Aurora (5.64)
Magnetic and ionospheric storms (5.70)
Cloud formations (5.71)

91
107
108
110
110
114

CHAPTER 6
Ice
Seaice(6.1)
Icebergs(6.17)
Iceglossary(6.26)

121
127
143

CHAPTER 7
Operations in polar regions and where ice is prevalent
Polarregions(7.1)
Approaching ice (7.7)
TheMaster'sdutyregardingice(7.18)
Icereports(7.20)
Ice accumulation on ships (7.22)
Operatinginice(7.27)
Icebreaker assistance (7.45)
Exposuretocold(7.54)

150
151
152
152
153
153
157
158

CHAPTER 8
Observing and reporting
Hydrographic information (8.1)
Renderingofinformation(8.4)
Views(8.34)

161
161
169

CHAPTER 9
IALA Maritime Buoyage System (9.1)

178

ANNEXES, GLOSSARY AND INDEX

AppendixANationalflags
Appendix B The International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea (1972)
Glossary
Index

190
194
208
233

DIAGRAMS
LimitsofVolumesofAdmiraltySailingDirections
Facingpagel
Areas of Australian and New Zealand Charting Responsibility (1.13).
3
Limits of Volumes of Admiralty Lists of Lights (1.110)
15
Seismicvessels(3.48)
41
Fishing methods (3.55.1-3.55.3)
44-46
Fishing Vessel types (3.55.4)
47
International Port Traffic Signals (3.99)
53
DrillingRigs(3.1O7)
55
Offshore Platforms (3.112)
55
Offshore Mooring Systems (3.116-3.121)
57
World Sea Surface Densities (4.42.1-4.42.2)
74-75
World Sea Surface Salinities (4.44.1-4.44.2)
76-77
Sandwaves(4.56-4.57)
80-81
Sea state photographs (ForceO-Force 12)
83-90
Pressureandwindbelts(5.3)
91
Depressions(5.16)
96
Formation of Fronts in the N Hemisphere (5.17)
98
Occ1usions(5.20)
99
Typical paths of Tropical Storms (5.32)
103
Stormwarningsignals(5.51)
107
Refraction (5.56, 5.58 and 5.62)
109
Auroral forms photographs (5.64)
111-113
Cloud formation photographs (5.71)
115-119
Movement of Arctic Ice (6.13)
125'
Ice Photographs (Photographs 1-28)
129-142
lcingNomograms(7.25)
154
Windchill(7.56)
159
H.1O2-HydrographicNote(8.4)
162-163
Marked up echo-sounder tracing (8.14)
165
H.1O2a-Hydrographic
Note for Port Information (8.24)
167-168
H.488-Record
of Observations for Variation (8.32)
170-171
Panoramic view (8.36)
174
Aerial Views (8.38.1-8.38.3)
175-176
PiiotageViews(8.39.1-8.39.3)
176-177
Portrait View (8.40)
177
Close-up View (8.41)
177
IALA Buoyage Lateral Marks Regions A and B (9.16.1-9.16.2)
180-181
Local and general direction of buoyage (9.17)
182
IALABuoyage Cardinal marks (9.25)
184
IALA Buoyage Isolated danger, Safe water and Special marks (9.32-9.49) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 185
IALABuoyage diagrams (9.5.1-9.5.2)
188-189
National Flags (AnnexA)
190
Meteorological Tables
BeaufortWindScale
Seasonal Wind/Monsoon Table-West
Tropical Storm Table
Dewpoint

Meteorological

Pacific and Indian Oceans

Conversion Tables

vi

92
95
102
106
120

ABBREVIATIONS
The following abbreviations are used in the text.

Directions
N
NNE
NE
ENE
E
ESE
SE
SSE

north (northerly, northward, northern,

northernmost)
north-north-east
north-east
east-north-east
east
east-south-east
south-east
south-south-east

S
SSW
SW
WSW
W
WNW
NW
NNW

south
south-south-west
south-west
west-south-west
west
west-north-west
north-west
north-north-west

Satnav
TSS
VTS
VTMS

Satellite navigation
Traffic Separation Scheme
Vessel Traffic Services
Vessel Traffic Management System

Navigation
DGPS
GPS
Lanby
ODAS

Differential Global Positioning System

Global Positioning System
Large automatic navigation buoy
Ocean Data Acquisition System

Offshore Operations
ALC
ALP
CALM
ELSBM
FPSO

FSO
SALM
SALS
SBM
SPM

Articulated loading column

Articulated loading platform
Catenary anchor leg mooring
Exposed location single buoy mooring
Floating Production Storage and Offloading
vessel

Floating storage and offloading vessel

Single anchor leg mooring system
Single anchored leg storage system
Single buoy mooring
Single point mooring

Organizations
IALA
IRO

International Association of Lighthouse

Authorities
International Hydrographic Organization

IMO
NATO
RN

International Maritime Organization

North Atlantic Treaty Organization
Royal Navy

RT
UHF
VHF
WT

radio telephony
ultra high frequency
very high frequency
radio (wireless) telegraphy

Radio
OF
HF
LF
MF
Navtex

direction finding
high frequency
low frequency
medium frequency
Navigational Telex System

Rescue and distress

AMVER
EPIRB
GMDSS

Automated Mutual Assistance Vessel Rescue

System
Emergency Position Indicating Radio Beacon
Global Maritime Distress and
Safety System

MRCC
MRSC
SAR

Maritime Rescue Co-ordination Centn

Maritime Rescue Sub-Centre
Search and Rescue

MHWS
MLHW
MLLW
MLW
MLWN
MLWS
MSL

Mean
Mean
Mean
Mean
Mean
Mean
Mean

UT
UTC

Universal Time
Co-ordinated Universal Time

Tides
HAT
HW
LAT
LW
MHHW
MHLW
MHW
MHWN

Highest Astronomical Tide

High Water
Lowest Astronomical Tide
Low Water
Mean Higher High Water
Mean Higher Low Water
Mean High Water
Mean High Water Neaps

High Water Springs

Lower High Water
Lower Low Water
Low Water
Low Water Neaps
Low Water Springs
Sea Level

Times
ETA
ETD

estimated time of arrival

estimated time of departure
vii

ABBREVIATIONS

Units and Miscellaneous

C
dwt
feu
fm
it
g/cm3
GRP
grt
gt
hp
hPa
kHz

km
kn
kw
m
mb
MHz
mm
MW
No
nrt
teu

degrees Celsius
deadweight tonnage
forty foot equivalent unit
fathom(s)
foot(feet}
gram per cubic centimetre
glass reinforced plastic
gross register tonnage
gross tonnage
horse power
hectopascal
kilohertz

kilometre(s)
knot(s)
kilowatt(s)
metre( s)
millibar( s)
megahertz
millimetre( s)
megawatt(s)
number
nett register tonnage
twenty foot equivalent unit

Vessels and cargo

HMS
LASH
LNG
LOA
LPG
MV
MY

POL
RMS
Ro-Ro
SS
ULCC
VLCC

Her (His) Majesty's Ship

Lighter Aboard Ship
Liquefied Natural Gas
Length overall
Liquefied Petroleum Gas
Motor Vessel
Motor Yacht

Ie

..

Petrol, Oil & Lubricants

Royal Mail Ship
Roll-on, Roll-off
Steamship
Ultra Large Crude Carrier
Very Large Crude Carrier

R
..

viii