VVER-1200 Reactor Plant and Safety Systems VVER-1200 Reactor Plant and Safety Systems

ROSATOM
STATE ATOMIC ENERGY CORPORATION ROSATOM
VVER-1200 Reactor Plant and Safety Systems

Rosatom Seminar on Russian Nuclear Energy Technologies and Solutions
N.S. Fil
Chief Specialist, OKB GIDROPRESS
April 2-3, 2012

Johannesburg, Sandton Convention Center
Gidropress is the chief designer of VVER

nuclear steam supply system
Role of Gidropress in Rosatoms Key Activities
Fuel fabrication
Mining
Research and
development
Conversion
and enrichment
Power equipment
NPPs engineering
and services
& construction
Gidropress
Gas centrifuges
manufacturing
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Spent nuclear
fuel treatment
Power
Generation
The content of this presentation is for discussion purposes only, shall not be considered as an offer and doesnt lead to any obligations to Rosatom and its affiliated
companies. Rosatom disclaims all responsibility for any and all mistakes, quality and completeness of the information.
INTRODUCTION
www.rosatom.ru
VVER-1200 designer
OKB GIDROPRESS has been established in 1946 to develop designs of nuclear
steam supply systems (NSSS) and separate equipment for nuclear installations.
Some milestones:
1947 Research heavy water reactor
1954 Steam generator for 1st NPP
1963 Lead-bismuth NSSS for submarine
1964 - First VVER-210
1965 Boiling water reactor VK-50
1969 Fast sodium reactor BOR-60
1971 First VVER-440
1980 First VVER-1000
Now over 50 VVER-440 and VVER-1000 are in operation in Russia, Ukraine,
Armenia, Finland, Bulgaria, Hungary, Czech Rep., Slovakia, China, Iran.
New VVER Gen III+ of 300-1800 MWe, Gen IV VVER-SCP and lead-bismuth
SVBR-100 are under development.
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VVER evolution
VVER: Vodo-Vodianoy Energeticheskiy Reactor
-Pressurized light water reactor
-Loop-type reactor coolant system
-Reactor nozzles at 2 elevations
-No RPV penetration below inlet nozzles
-Horizontal steam generators
-Hexagonal fuel assemblies

About 1500 reactor-years
of operating time
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VVER evolution
1 upper unit, 2 pressure grid,

3 core barrel, 4 basket, 5 vessel, 6 shield,
7 working assembly, 8 compensating assembly
VVER-1 of 760 MWth (Novovoronezh NPP unit 1, 1966)

Now VVER-1200 is the main design for near term nuclear
power program in Russia and for bidding abroad
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VVER--1200 DESIGN BASES

VVER
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Reference plants
IAEA standard Safety of Nuclear Power Plants: Design (SSG-2/1, Feb 2012)
Item 4.14 Items important to safety for a nuclear power plant preferably
shall be of a design that has previously been proven in equivalent
applications, and if not shall be items of high quality and of a technology
that has been qualified and tested.
VVER-1200 is the evolution of operating VVER-1000 by

improving plant performance and increasing plant safety.
Plant performance
Plant safety
Rated power 3200 (3000) MWth

Primary pressure 16.2 (15.7) MPa
Secondary pressure 7.0 (6.3) MPa
Coolant temperature 329 (320) C
Passive decay heat removal system

Passive containment cooling system
Passive hydrogen removal system
Passive corium catcher
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Reference plants
Operating VVER-1000s
VVER-1000 reactor plant for AES-91(Tianwan NPP)

VVER-1000 reactor plant for AES-92 (Kudankulam NPP)
Technical Assignment for VVER-1200 reactor plant design:

To proceed from AES-91 and AES-92,
to meet Russian norms, IAEA, EUR, WENRA
to meet BIS requirement
VVER-1200 reactor plant

EUR organization has certified in 2007 that AES-92 design has passed all
the steps of the analysis of compliance vs. EUR. Following this analysis, a
specific subset of the EUR volume 3 dedicated to AES-92 project
has been published by EUR organization.
www.rosatom.ru
Reference plants
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10
Plant states
Plant states as per SSR-2/1 Item 5.1
Plant states considered in VVER-1200 design

DBC-1
Normal Operation
DBC-2
DBC-3
DBC-4
Incidents
Operational States
Design Basis Accidents
Complex
Sequences
Severe
Accidents
Design Extension Conditions
Design Basis Conditions (DBC)
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11
Design extension conditions

SSR-2/1 Item 5.28 The design extension conditions shall be used to
define the design basis for safety features and for the design of all other
items important to safety that are necessary for preventing such
conditions from arising; or, if they do arise, for controlling them and
mitigating their consequences.
The relevant technical provisions (both active and passive) are

implemented in VVER-1200 design to meet the acceptance criteria
established for design extension conditions.
These provisions ensure back-up for all safety functions

needed to prevent the progression of beyond design basis
accidents to Fukushima-like scenarios.
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12
VVER--1200 DESIGN FEATURES

VVER
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13
RCS design
Reactor
1 In-core detectors
2 Top head unit
3 Protective tube unit
4 Core barrel
5 Core baffle
6 Core
7 Reactor pressure vessel
Safety class 1
Seismic category 1
Design parameters 17.6/350

7
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No welds in core region

No joints below cold leg
14
RCS design
HT surface - 6100 m2; number of HT tubes 16x1.5 mm 11000
Safety class - 1, Seismic category 1.

Primary collector: Safety class - 1 Seismic category 1
Height 5.1 m Max. diameter - 1.2 m
Max. wall thickness 0.17 m
Steam generator
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15
RCS design
Pressurizer
Safety class 1
Seismic category -1
Volume 80 m3
Heaters
Power - 2.5 W
Safety class 2
Relief tank
Volume 30 m3
Internal diameter 2 m
Length 7.5 m
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16
16
RCS design
Main coolant pump
Head 0.59 Mpa
Flow rate 21500 m3/h
Speed 1000/750 rot/min
Current 50 Hz
Massive flywheel ensures
smooth reduction of flow rate
in case of loss of power.
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17
Reactor core
Core
FA
Top nozzle
Spacer grid
Fuel rods
Bottom
nozzle
163 fuel assemblies of to 5%

enrichment.
To 121 control rods.
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312 fuel rods.

18 guide channels.
13 spacer grids.
18
Fuel assembly
FA of V-187
TVS
MTVS
TVS-2006
TVS-2M
TVS-2
UTVS
Top nozzle
Top nozzle
Top nozzle
Top nozzle
(fixed)
(removable,
enlarged stroke of
spring unit)
(removable,
enlarged stroke of
spring unit)
Bundle
Bundle
Bundle
(steel
skeleton)
(steel
skeleton)
(removable,
enlarged stroke of
spring unit,
increased rigidity
due to closed shell,
modification with
improved thermal control)
Top nozzle
Top nozzle
(removable,
enlarged stroke of
spring unit,
increased rigidity
due to closed
shell, version with
improved thermal
control)
(removable,
enlarged stroke of
spring unit,
increased rigidity
due to closed
shell, version with
improved thermal control)
Bundle
(expanded
thickness,
rigid attachment
on the whole
perimeter,
splinted FEs)
Bottom
nozzle
50
(zirconium
rigid skeleton,
CSG of increased
height and cell
with 0,3 mm wall
thickness, 635
alloy channels,
CSG is optimized
up to 13 pc.,
fuel column
height is
increased to
150 mm)
(zirconium
rigid skeleton,
12/15 CSGs of
increased
height and cell
with
0,3 mm wall
thickness,
635 alloy
channels)
Lower grid
Lower grid
(enlarged
thickness,
rigid attachment
on the whole
perimeter)
Bottom nozzle
Bottom nozzle
(light-weight)
(light-weight)
Bottom
nozzle
(light-weight)
Bundle
(zirconium
rigid skeleton,
CSG of increased
height and cell with
0,3 mm wall thickness,
635 alloy channels,
CSG is optimized up to
13 pc., fuel column height
is increased to 150 mm)
Lower grid
(increased
thickness,
rigid attachment
on the whole
perimeter)
(increased
thickness,
rigid attachment
on the whole
parameter,
collet securing of
FEs/U-Gd FEs)
100
Lower grid
(zirconium skeleton,
uranium - gadalinium
fuel)
Bundle
Bottom nozzle
(light-weight,
short-cut,
antidebris filter)
Lower grid
(increased thickness,
rigid attachment on
the whole parameter,
collet securing of
FEs/U-Gd FEs)
Bottom nozzle
(light-weight,
short-cut,
antidebris filter)
Proven FA design: from VVER-1000 to VVER-1200

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19
VVER--1200 SAFETY SYSTEMS

VVER
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20
Reactivity control
Reactivity control means in VVER-1200
Inherent core nuclear feedbacks (reactivity effects and coefficients) provide
compensation of rapid reactivity changes and limit reactor power increase.
Reactivity coefficients (and effects) for VVER reactors are as follows: by coolant
temperature and density, by fuel temperature, by reactor power and by boron
acid concentration in the coolant.
Two independent control systems (ability to independently bring the reactor to
subcritical state):
Cluster system
Boron control
+ Reactivity compensation by burnable poison in the fuel pellet
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21
Reactivity control
15 8
1 49
1 39
1 28
11 6
10 3
89
62
1 29
9
1 04
10
76
63
2
64
8
37
65
7
38
5
26
66
5
39
3
27
10
16
40
7
28
8
17
1
7
68
3
41
2
18
11
42
5
30
7
19
8
9
2
43
4
20
1
21
3
11
5
44
2
22
8
12
10
23
11
88
60
10
35
9
1 02
74
1
47
5
24
2
14
10 1
2
73
8
46
1
11 5
87
11
59
3
34
8
13
1
1 00
8
72
7
45
7
12 7
11 4
9
86
6
58
12
33
6
1 26
5
99
7
71
4
13 8
1 13
1
85
2
57
5
32
7
1 25
3
98
5
70
8
1 48
1 37
10
11 2
12
84
10
56
9
31
12
10
9
2
69
3
1 47
1
12 4
7
97
8
1 57
13 6
8
111
4
83
3
55
8
14 6
11
1 23
2
96
3
15 6
135
6
1 10
9
82
11
54
10
29
6
95
3
67
8
1 45
8
12 2
5
Control rod grouping

- groups 12 9 are for
control and protection
- groups 1 8 are for
protection only
16 3
155
2
1 34
7
10 9
8
81
3
53
4
14 4
1
12 1
4
94
8
1 62
1 54
9
13 3
12
1 08
10
80
9
52
12
14 3
3
1 20
2
93
4
16 1
15 3
5
1 32
7
1 07
5
79
2
51
1
1 42
8
11 9
7
92
7
16 0
1 52
10
1 31
6
10 6
12
78
6
50
9
14 1
11
11 8
1
91
8
1 51
1
13 0
8
1 05
3
77
11
49
14 0
2
1 17
5
90
15 0
1 59
75
61
48
36
25
15
B4C
9
2
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-
-
Dy2O3TiO2
22
Overpressure protection
Emergency gas removal system
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23
Emergency core cooling

Passive ECCS
Passive part of emergency
core cooling system is
intended for boric acid
solution supply into the
reactor at the primary
pressure less than 5,9 MPa
under LOCA till start of
active ECCS.
Parameters
HA HA
Value
Nominal pressure, MPa
5,9
33 concentration, g/kg
16
Accumulator/solution volume, m3
60 / 50
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HA HA
24
Thank You for Attention!
Nikolay Fil
Chief Specialist
OKB GIDROPRESS
E-mail: XXX
Phone: XXX
www.rosatom.ru
25

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ROSATOM

STATE ATOMIC ENERGY CORPORATION ROSATOM

VVER-1200 Reactor Plant and Safety Systems

April 2-3, 2012

Gidropress is the chief designer of VVER

-Hexagonal fuel assemblies

1 upper unit, 2 pressure grid,

VVER-1 of 760 MWth (Novovoronezh NPP unit 1, 1966)

VVER--1200 DESIGN BASES

VVER-1200 is the evolution of operating VVER-1000 by

Rated power 3200 (3000) MWth

Passive decay heat removal system

VVER-1000 reactor plant for AES-91(Tianwan NPP)

Technical Assignment for VVER-1200 reactor plant design:

VVER-1200 reactor plant

Plant states considered in VVER-1200 design

Design Basis Accidents

Design Extension Conditions

Design Basis Conditions (DBC)

Design extension conditions

The relevant technical provisions (both active and passive) are

These provisions ensure back-up for all safety functions

VVER--1200 DESIGN FEATURES

Design parameters 17.6/350

No welds in core region

HT surface - 6100 m2; number of HT tubes 16x1.5 mm 11000

Safety class - 1, Seismic category 1.

163 fuel assemblies of to 5%

312 fuel rods.

Proven FA design: from VVER-1000 to VVER-1200

VVER--1200 SAFETY SYSTEMS

+ Reactivity compensation by burnable poison in the fuel pellet

Control rod grouping

Emergency gas removal system

Emergency core cooling

Nominal pressure, MPa

Thank You for Attention!

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