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Thin Lens
<John Megryan B. Samartino >
<School of Civil, Environmental and Geological Engineering>
Mapua Institute of Technology
I. Abstract
Refraction is the bending of lightray as it hits a materialof different
opticaldensity. Transparent materials like lensescan refract parallelray of
light and canproduce an image. If the middle part oflens is thicker, it is
called a converginglens or a convexlens. But if the middle part is thinner,
the lens is called diverginglens or concavelens. The maineffect of lenses is
to refractlight passing through it. It is made up of transparentsubstances
that are bounded by twosurfaces of regula form. However, it is necessary
that the indexof refraction of the material should be higher thanthat of the
surroundingmedium.
Generally, lenses are classified as eitherconverging or diverging.
Convergin lenses are thicker in the middlethan they are in the edge.
Conversely, diverginglenses are thicker atthe edges than at the middle, so
that, the incident waves to the surfaceparallel to lens axisdiverge from a
point infront of the lens (principalfocus).
II. Objectives
For Experiment403 entitled as Refractionfrom a SphericalSurface:
ThinLensone can state that the study seeks(i)to determine the
focallength of a convexlens using(ii)different locations of the object
and(iii)the graphicalmethod.
III. Results and Discussion
This experiment tackles the concept of thinlens and refractionof alight
from a sphericalsurface. Refraction can be described as awave bentwhen
it passes a certainmedium with different opticaldensity. There are
manytypes of lens butin this experiment we mainlyfocused on
theproperties of a converginglens. Thislens has the abilityto change the
shapeof a certain wave that passthrough it.
In the firstpart, we determine the focallength of the twolens using an
object atinfinity. We used the lightpassing through thewindow of ourroom
as ourobject at infinity, we adjusted thelens until a sharpimage of the
window isformed. We have observedthat the imagecreated is real and
inverted.
In the secondpart of our experiment, wedetermine the focallength using
an object at a finitedistance. We used the lightsource, convexlens and
imagescreen for this part. The screen is placed1 meter away from the
lightsource. The lens are the ones that willbe moved until the
objectprojected from the screen is sharp. We have observed in thelens 1
that the imageprojected islarger than the originalimage and inverted but
say that the imagemagnified is enlarged but if the value is less than 1 the
image size is diminished.
Therefore we have proved thatimage and objectdistances are
interchangeablewhich we can conclude that it has points ofconjunction
that will yield the same value for the focus.