Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Forms such as ing (as in writing), un- (as in unhappy) and -ful (as in beautiful) are called affixes. The form to which an affix is
attached is called its stem. The affix which is added to the beginning of a stem is called a prefix. The affix which is added to the
end of a stem is called the suffix. Thus in the word unmistakable, mistake is the stem, un- is the prefix and able is the suffix. In
the word disqualified, qualify is the stem, dis- is the prefix and ed is the suffix.
Exercise
Make five words by using the suffix ty.
1. State of being free from danger (S)
2. Readiness to cause suffering to others (Cr)
3. State of being higher in rank (S)
4. Not being available in sufficient quantity (Sc.)
5. Being able to do things (Ca.)
Answers
1. Safety; 2. Cruelty; 3. Superiority; 4. Scarcity; 5. Capacity
Make five words by using the suffix fy
1. To make or become clear (Cl)
2. To arrange in classes of groups (Cl.)
3. To show that there is a good reason for something (Ju)
4. To check the truth and accuracy of something (Ve..)
5. To form into one (Un.)
Answers
1. Clarify; 2. Classify; 3. Justify; 4. Verify; 5. Unify
Make five words by using the suffix ate
1. To make land suitable for growing crops (Cu)
2. To supply land with water (Ir)
3. To suggest that someone should be given a job. (No..)
4. To work together (Co)
5. Unable to read or write (Ill..)
Answers
1. Cultivate; 2. Irrigate; 3. Nominate; 4. Cooperate; 5. Illiterate
Akar kata adalah kata yang dapat diubah menjadi kata baru dengan menambahkan prefix (awalan)
dan sufix(akhiran), biasa disebut root atau stem.
1 Prefix
Prefixes adalah awalan yang diletakkan pada sebuah kata untuk menciptakan rangkaian kata baru dengan arti
yang berbeda untuk memberikan informasi. Setiap prefix memiliki arti yang berbeda, ketika prefix ditambahkan
pada sebuah akar kata, prefix merubah arti kata tersebut menjadi kata baru yang telah ditambahkan.
Contoh :
Prefix
Re
Melakukan lagi
Hyper
Berlebihan
Hyperactive, hypersensitive
Un
Tidak
Tri
Tiga
Tricycle, triangle
Pre
Sebelum
Miss
Salah
Misspell, misunderstand
Sub
Bawah
Subway, substandard
Im
Tidak
Impatient, immature
Bi
Dua
Bilingual, biweekly
Multi
Banyak/aneka
Multitalented, multicultural
2.Suffix
Suffix adalah huruf atau kelompok huruf yang ditempatkan di akhir kata atau root (bentuk paling sederhana
(base form) dari suatu kata tidak dapat diuraikan lagi) untuk menghasilkan kata baru. Suffix merupakan salah
satu tipeaffix (imbuhan). Selainnya ada pula prefix dan infix.
Contoh Root:
hat (noun), talk (verb), nice (adjective), well (adverb)
Noun
Suffixes
Verb
Suffixes
Adjective
Suffixes
Adverb
Suffixes
-acy, -age, -al, -an, -ian, -ance, -ancy, -ant, -ary, -ate,
-ation, -dom, -er, -ess, -ful, -hood, -ing, -ive, -ment, -ness,
king (noun: raja) + -dom
-or, -ory, -ship, -th, -y
= kingdom(noun: kerajaan)
-able, -al, -ant, -ary, -ate, -ed, -en, -ful, -ic, -ile, -ing, -ish,
-istic, -ive, -less, -like, -ly, -ous, -ward, -wide, -y
2. Inflectional Suffix
Inflectional suffix jika ditambahkan pada akhir suatu kata akan memberikan variasi secara grammatical tanpa
mengubah kelas kata dan maknanya secara drastis (cenderung dapat diprediksi).
Contoh Kata
-s
penambahan -s/-es pada noun menyebabkan noun tersebut bermakna plural (jamak)
book-books, workerworkers
walk-walks, sleep-sleeps
-ing
study-studying, swimswimming
-er
-est
clever-cleverer, fast-faster
clever-cleverest, fast-
fastest
-ed, -d, -t
learn-learned/learnt,
wash-washed