Pageoph

Vol. 112 (1974/I)

Birkh/iuser Verlag, Basel

Thermal Stresses in a Finite Cylinder having Temperature Varying

Linearly Along the Length Prescribed on the Curved Surface
By JAGADISCHANDRA MISRA1)

Summary - The problem of a finite cylinder of isotropic material in which the temperature on the
curved surface varies linearly along its length and has its ends in contact with smooth rigid insulating
plates has been investigated in this paper.

1. Introduction
GRINDEI [1 ] obtained axisymmetric thermal stresses in a finite elastic isotropic and
homogeneous cylinder having temperature prescribed on the curved lateral surface.
Another problem on thermal stresses in a finite cylinder due to steady temperature
variation along the curved and the end surfaces was solved by IYENGERand CrtANDRASHEKHARA [2]. In a paper published in 1966, CHATTOPADHYAYA[3] gave a solution
of the problem of a finite cylinder having constant temperature prescribed on the
curved surface and with the plane ends in contact with smooth, rigid insulating plates.
Unfortunately his results were not correct as he omitted a constant term in the expansion
of temperature in the form of a cosine series. In the present paper, the temperature
prescribed on the curved surface is supposed to vary linearly along the length while the
plane end conditions are the same as those in [3]. It is believed that the results obtained
are new.

2. Forulation of the problem and method of solution

Let the axis of the cylinder be taken as the axis o f z and let the plane faces be defined
by z = 0, I and the curved lateral surface by r = a. Assuming the axis o f z to be the axis
of symmetry, we suppose that the surface of the cylinder is subject to the following
boundary conditions:
On r = a,

T=Toz,

O<z<l

r~=O=r~

(1)
(2)

1) Department of Mathematics, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal, India.

Thermal Stresses in a Finite Cylinder

91

Onz=0, l

OT
--=

(3)

uz = 0 = r~

(4)

Oz

The boundary condition (1) may be represented by a Fourier series in the form (cf.
BYERLY [4], p. 52)

T(a,z)=To[-~--~=~

(2n- 1)2c~

'

(0<z</)

where ~. = (2n - 1) (nil)

In the steady state, the temperature

(5)

T(r, z) at

any point (r, z) satisfies the equation

VET= 0

(6)

where
02
V 2 ~. _ _ _

1 0

ar ~ l - ~ - t

02

az 2.

Let us take a solution of equation (6) satisfying (5) in the form

T(r,z) =

To

rrz .=x (2n - 1)2

(7)

Io(ot,a) c~

where Io(~, r) is the modified Bessel function of the first kind and order zero.
It may be noted that the expression for T(r, z) in (7) satisfies (3).
We obtain from the stress-strain relations in the problems thermal stresses and
equations of equilibrium (see TIMOSHENKOand GOODIER [5]) the equation
V2 ~p =

MT

(8)

in which ~ is the potential function of displacement in the problem of thermo-elasticity,

and M = (1 + v)/(1 - v)e, E being the coefficient of linear thermal expansion, and
v = 2/2(2 + G) the Poisson ratio (2 and G are Lam6's constants).
Introducing (7) into (8) one finds that

~k= MTo[~ir2_21~
zc2 ~

is a solution of (8).

(2n

l
rll(~
-- 1)2 ~. Io(a.a)

cos a. z

(9)

92

Jagadis Chandra Misra

(Pageoph,

In terms of the potential function 4, the cylindrical components of displacement

and stress due to thermal expansion are given by (see NOWACKI [6], p. 24)

Ur)T =q,,,

(Uz)T 0,z
(?r)T 2G(O;,. - M r )

"~
l

(0~0)~

2G(;0,,-Mr)J

(?z),

2G0,,~

(10)

where G is the shear modulus.

From (9) and (10), we have,

_
(u,)r = MTo

ff

rc~ / - . ,

]
1 rIo(ctllr)
(2n - 1)~ Io(e11a) cos e11z
rlz(ot, r) .

(Uz)T = M T o ' ~

(2n - 1)2 Io(~11 a) sin a. z

11=1

(r~)r =-2GMT~

[I

(0~0)r = 2GMTo -

2l .~,
12
n 11=1( 2 n - 1) Io(ena)
+--

{~176

I~176 coS~ ]

( 2 n - 1)2Io(alla) Io(ct, r)cos~11z

g 2 11=I

(2n - 1)Zlo(ella) ~11rio(el1 r) sin ct11z.

(PZ)T = 2GMTo'-fi

(11 )

t1=1

It is to be noted that the boundary conditions (4) are satisfied by the above system of
stresses and displacements but the boundary conditions (2) are not satisfied.
Let us now find out the complementary displacements and stresses on the supposition that there is no temperature distribution. We shall determine these by using the
Love function ~0 which satisfies the biharmonic equation
V4q~ = 0 .

(12)

Let us assume a solution of (12) in the form

~o = (Cr 2 + Dz2)z + ~ [A11Io(ctllr)+ B11allrlt(allr)]sinallz,

(13)

where A11and B, are functions of n to be determined from the boundary conditions.

In the case of a state of stress possessing axial symmetry, the elastic components
of displacements and stresses in the cylindrical system of co-ordinates (r,O,z) are

Vol. 112, 1974/I)

Thermal Stresses in a Finite Cylinder

93

given in terms of the Love function ~o by the formulae (cf. NOWACKI [6], p. 17)
--1

(U,)c

1 - 2v q)"

(Uo)c=O

--[2(1

- v) V2 (p - ~,,,]

(U')c = 1 - 2v

(~)r

2G
= - -

[vv

z,p -

~o,,,],:

1 -- 2v

(~)~ -

2G
2v

(o~o)~ =

v) v ~ ~ -

2___a_~[~v~,
1 -

-- - 1 -

~,,=]

- r-~ %,],,

2v

2G

(s

[0

[(2 - v) v~ q, - ~o,=],,

2v

(14)

(;o)c = o = (~Z)c

where V 2 q) ~ ~O,rp "Jvr -1 gO,r+ (p,==.

Using (13), we have f r o m (14),

(Ur)c

1 2v 2Cr+ ~ a~{AnIl(a.,r)+B.~.rIo(a.r)}cosa.z

(Uo)c = 0

12----~[ (8c(1-~)+ 6D(1-2v)Iz+ _ [A./o(~.r)

+ B.{4(1

2G

V)Io(e. r) + ~. rll(e, r)}] e~ sin c~.z]

/

oo

(FZ)c 1----2vZ [A"II(e"r)+ B"{e"rI~

(dO)c

1 - 2v {2C(1 - 2v) -

+(1-2v)~.B.Io(a.r)]

6vD} +
a2cos~.zJ-

2(1 - v ) I i ( e . r ) } ] x e3nsine.z

A.'-r II(c~"r)
(15)

94

(Pageoph,

Jagadis Chandra Misra

F r o m (11) a n d (15) we see t h a t o n z = 0 ,

=

b u t on z = l,
u~ = 0

if

8C(1 - v) + 6D(1 - 2v) = 0.

(16)

Also
r~ = (r~)r + (r~)c = 0

on z = 0, I.

A g a i n a p p l y i n g the b o u n d a r y c o n d i t i o n s (2), we get

-2(1 -

2l
= (I -

2v) MTo.r~~.

2v)C + 6vD =

88 - 2 v ) M T o l

1
(2n - 1)2 Io(e. a)

(17)

[e.aIl(e.a) -Io(~.a)},

[A. I1(~. a) + B.{e. alo(~ a) + 2(1

(18)

- v) Ii(e~ a)}] ~ I

2/(1 - 2v)
e.a
re2
( 2 n - 1) 2.

=-MTo.

(19)

S o l v i n g (16) a n d (17), we get

C = --~(1 - 2v) 2 MTol
and

D = ~(1 - v) (1 - 2v)

)
(20)

MTo l

A g a i n solving (18) a n d (19), we get

2v)Mroa ~,,a{I~(=,,a)--Io2(~,a)} - Io(a~a)I,(o~,,a) )

lo~4io(ot.a)
~a2{I~(~.a) - IoZ(~. a)} + 2(1 - v)I~(o~.a)[

= 4(l=v)(l:

A.

(21)

and

B.=--

2(1 -

2v)MToa

l ~

~.a(I~(ot.a) -/~(~.

a)}

"J

"'~-~Za2~~a-~2-~----~

N o w the d i s p l a c e m e n t s a n d stresses can be c a l c u l a t e d b y a d d i n g t o g e t h e r the e x p r e s s i o n s

o b t a i n e d f r o m (11) a n d (15) a n d b y m a k i n g use o f (20) a n d (21).

3. Numerical results
F o r l = 1 c m a n d v = 0.25, [0~0],=a has b e e n c o m p u t e d f o r different values o f z a n d
the results are s h o w n in the t a b l e below.
z

rOOlr=l
2GMTo

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1.0

0.1772

0.0392

0.2205

-0.0261

-0.0945

-0.1772

Vol. 112, 1974/I)

Thermal Stresses in a Finite Cylinder

95

Acknowledgement
The a u t h o r wishes to express his sincere t h a n k s to Prof. B. SEN, D.Sc., F . N . I . , for
his valuable suggestions in the p r e p a r a t i o n o f this paper.

REFERENCES
I. GRINDEI,Anal. ,stiin.t.Univ. AI. I. Cuza, Mathematic~ 12 (1) (1966), 191-196.
K. T. S. R. IYENGERand K. CHANDRASHEKHARA,Int. J. Engng Sci. 5 (4) (1967), 393.
N. C. CHATXOPADHYAYA,Ind. J. Pure Appl. Phys. 4 (1) (1966), 36-38.
W. E. BYERLu An Elementary Treatise on Fourier Series and Spherical, Cylindrical and Ellipsoidal
Harmonies (Dover Publications Inc., New York 1950), p. 52.
[5] S. TIMOSHENKOand J. N. GOODIER, Theory of Elasticity (McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc.
1951), p. 433.
[6l W. NOWACKT,Thermo-Elastieity (Addison-Wesley Publishing Company 1962).

[1]
[2]
[3]
[4l

(Received 17th March 1973)