Pertubuhan Rekabentuk Dalaman

M
a
l
a
y
s
i
a

R E K A

S E S S I O N

PART I - SUSTAINABILITY AND THE SPEED OF LIGHTING

17th April 2015, Solaris Dutamas, Jalan Dutamas, Kuala Lumpur

Ir. Looi Hip Peu

B.Eng (Hons), P.Eng, Jurutera Gas, F.IEM

Consulting Engineers
mektricon@gmail.com

Immediate Past President,

Malaysia Green Building Confederation

Synopsis

Lighting in urban and building design have major impact

on the contextualisation of the urban landscape and interior
building space. Not least are the needs to balance with the
agenda of sustainability and new development in the field of
lightings as dynamic feature of interior space. This lecture
introduces the preceding with the following topical
discussions:
Part I Introduction to lighting concepts
An understanding of basic lighting concepts is necessary for
an advance discussion on the topics of interest:
1. Core concepts in lighting (colour, luminosity and metrics)
2. Lamps types and technology
3. Sustainable lighting
4. Technical standards

Part 2 The Art and Science of interior lighting

1. Design concepts; technical lighting, ambience, texture, contrast,
2. Cutting edge; living light, light sculpture, the speed of lights.
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PAR
Narrow
Beam

PAR
Wide
Beam

17th April 2015

Art and Science of Lighting

SCIENCE
Quantitative

ART
Qualitative

17th April 2015

Art and Science of Lighting

SCIENCE

ART

Quantitative

Qualitative
50 lux
100 lux

250.8 296.3 327.1 365.3 394.4 401.2 394.4 360.9 271.2 156.1

150 lux
200 lux

283.2 334.9 371.9 426.1 476.3 495.3 491.2 444.5 323.4 129.3

250 lux
300 lux

300 159.4
287.6 337.7 370.0 414.9 460.5 483.7 484.0 438.5 318.5

350 lux
400 lux

284.9 330.8 352.6 378.7 404.8 421.2 423.8 391.5 289.0 146.6

450 lux
500 lux

274.7 314.5 327.8 341.5 353.6 362.2 368.2 350.5 298.8

234.4 266.1 274.4 280.2 285.9 291.3 296.5 291.0 270.4 228.3 206.6 206.6 207.0 202.2 204.6
PROPOSED SALES OFFICE - 26W CFL Down Lights (ISOLUX DIAGRAM - MOUNTING HEIGHT 4M)

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17th April 2015

Lighting Concepts

Understanding Basic Concepts is vital in the competent

design of lighting. The following concepts will be briefly
explained:
Lighting as Electromagnetic Energy
Lighting Intensity Luminance & Illuminance
Response of the Eye Scotopic & Photopic Vision
Colour Rendering Index (CRI) & Colour Temperature
(CT)
Types of Lamps and Lamp Selection
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Lighting Concepts Lighting as EM Energy

Light is a form of energy derived from electromagnetic forces.

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Concepts Scotopic & Photopic Vision

Light intensity (lumen) is scaled on
the human eye response at 555nm.

Nighttime vision)
The human
eye shift its
response to
around 500nm
(which is
bluish-green).

Daytime vision
The human eye is most
sensitive to light at
555nm
(which
is
yellowish green light).

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Concepts Human Eye Response

Luminance levels perceived

by the human eye. The
sensitivity of the human
eyes respond logarithmically
to the luminance level. The
human perception ranges
over a luminance level of 12
orders of magnitude

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Concepts Lighting Energy (the Lumens)

Lighting energy can be described as Luminous Flux.

The TOTAL amount of luminous flux (light energy) emitted by a
light source is called the Lumens.
A unit measure of luminous flux is the Lumens.
1 Watt = 685 Lumens @ 555nm (wavelength of light where scotopic
vision peaks).
The lumens is therefore scaled to the sensitivity of the human eyes

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Concepts Lighting Energy (the Lumens)

The TOTAL amount of energy (lumens) emitted by an ideal light

source is assumed to emit this lumens in all directions equally. Note:
Isotropic = equally in all directions.
However the Lumens do not take into account actual light source
which WILL NOT emit luminous flux isotropically.

The steradian is a solid

angle
enclosing
a
surface area = Radius

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Concepts Lighting Intensity, illuminance (lux)

1 candela = 1 lumen per steradian,

isotropically in all direction.

A Sphere has a total solid angle of 4 radians.

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Concepts Lighting Intensity, illuminance (lux)

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L ig h t In t e n s ity, L u min a n c e ( c d /m ) / Illu min a nc e ( L u x )

Quantifying Light Intensity?

Illuminance (E)
Measures the density of luminous flux (lumen) incident (falling at right
angle) to a surface.

The intensity of E falls in relation to the square of the distance from the
light source (inverse square law).

Illuminance (E) = lumen / m

Luminance (L)
Measures the luminous intensity (candela) on a surface area in a given
direction. Luminance is a measure of the brightness of a surface.
The luminance indicates how much luminous power will be detected
by an eye looking at the surface from a particular angle of view.

Luminance (L) = Candela / m

Luminance

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Luminance (cd/m ) OR Illuminance (lux) ?

Luminance (L in cd/m or nit or footLambert)
Intensity of light energy per unit area projected in a given
direction. Luminance is sensitive to the direction of
projection.

Illuminance (E in lumens/m or lux)

Intensity of light energy per unit area incident on a
surface.

ILLUMINANCE
METER
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Luminance (cd/m ) OR Illuminance (lux) ?

Luminance (L in cd/m)

Is more appropriately specified in road (vehicular traffic)

application.
Illuminance (E in lumens/m or lux) is more appropriately
specified where pedestrian traffic prevails.
E is also more appropriately specified for interior lightings.

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Luminance (cd/m ) OR Illuminance (lux) ?

Luminous intensity distribution (I

candela) and luminous distribution
(L- candela/m).
Top Matt Surface
Reflection on Luminous Intensity will be
diffuse. The Luminance will be the same
when viewed from all angles.
Middle Mixed Specular/Matt
Part of the Luminous Intensity will be
directionally diffuse. Luminance will be
brighter when viewed from certain
angles.
Specular Surface
Luminous
Intensity
directionally
reflected. Luminance ONLY from one
angle.
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Luminance (cd/m ) OR Illuminance (lux) ?

Urban Centres

BS 5489

Class

Class

Uo

CIE 115 and 136

E (lux)

Class

cd/m

Uo

E (lux)

cd/m

City Centre primarily vehicular

1.5

0.4

NA

Classification M1 to M5

City centre mixed pedestrian

NA

NA

30

NA

NA

25

City Centre wholly pedestrian

NA

NA

25

NA

NA

15

Suburbs primarily vehicular

1.5

0.4

MA

Suburbs

NA

NA

25

NA

NA

20

NA

NA

15

NA

NA

10

/vehicular

mixed

pedestrian

Classification M1 to M5

/vehicular
Suburbs wholly pedestrian

Table 3.1 Recommended Lighting Levels

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Lighting Concept Human Eye

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Lighting Concept Human Eye

Cone Cells
o
o
o
o

Primary responsible for scotopic

vision.
Works best in bright lights.
3 types of Cone Cells
Approx. 6-7 million cones cells in the
human eye.

Rod Cells
o Responsible for photopic vision
o 100 times more sensitive than Cone Cells,
stimulated by very low level of light
(photon)
o Most sensitive @ 498nm (blue-green)
o Approx 125 million rod cells in the retina.
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Lighting Concept - Colour

Day light is made up of a

spectrum of lights.
The whiteness or spectrum
within a light source can
render or bring out the
colour in an object.
22 October 2013

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Lighting Concept Colour Rendering Index

Methods used in describing the whiteness of light source

Color Rendering Indx (CRI)
Color Rendering Index (CRI) measure
the ability of a light source to accurately
render all frequencies of its color
spectrum when compared to a perfect
reference light of a similar type (color
temperature). It is rated on a scale from
1-100. The lower the CRI rating, the
less
accurately
colors
will
be
reproduced. Light sources that are
incandescent radiators have a CRI of
100 since all colors in their spectrum
are rendered equally.

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Lighting Concept Colour Rendering Index (CRI)

CRI = 85

CRI = 90

CRI = 70

CRI = 80
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Lighting Concept Colour Rendering Index (CRI)

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Lighting Concept Colour Temperature

Colour Temperature describes the colour of
light emitted from a black body as it is
heated from red-hot to blue-white.
The Correlated Colour Temperature (CCT) of
a light source is the colour temperature
corrected after comparing with a reference
black body,

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Lighting Concept Colour Temperature

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Lighting Concept CT and CRI

In selection of lamp understanding the difference between CRI
and Colour Temperature is important.

Standard Day Light

CRI = 30

Colour Temperature

Colour Rendering Index

The colour emitted by a

standard black-body as it is
heated from red-incandescent
to blue-hot.
High CT lacks red!

Compares light source

with natural day light
(which is considered to
have CRI = 100)
High CRI lacks blue!
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CRI and CCT

CRI and CCT are not

EQUAL.

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Lamps Selection

Discharge

Incandescent

Halogen

Low Pressure

High Pressure

A- General
Service

Mains
Voltage

Fluorescent

Mercury

Compact
flourescent

Metal Halide

Low pressure
Sodium

High pressure
Sodium

R- Reflector

Low Voltage

PAR- Parabolic
Alum. Reflector

PAR
Narrow
Beam

Electrodeless

Thermal

Solid State

Lamps

LED

Flouresc.
Induction
R.F.
Plasma

PAR
Wide
Beam

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Thermal Incandescent

Incandescent - filament which

when heated emits light.

120V PAR: 16, 20, 30, 38, 56 and 64 230V PAR:
38, 56 and 64
The numbers refers to lamp sizes and are rated

Incandescent

1/8, e.g. PAR16 = 2 diam. lamp.

A
R

PAR

General Service, High wattage G.S. >200W

Reflector coating inside bulb, concentrate light
output. Double light output to A lamps. Spot,
Medium spread.
Parabolic aluminised reflector. 4 times light
output of A lamps. 230V and 120V service
PAR with dichroic coating. Infrared reflected
back into the lamp. Cool beam PAR-HIR
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Thermal Incandescent

Power
(W)
5
15
25
35
40
50
55
60
65
70
75
90
95
100
135
150
200
300

Output
(lm)
25
110
200
350
500
700
800
850
1,000
1,100
1,200
1,450
1,600
1,700
2,350
2,850
3,900
6,200

Efficacy (lm/W)
5
7.3
8.0
10.0
12.5
14.0
14.2
14.5
15.4
15.7
16.0
16.1
16.8
17.0
17.4
19.0
19.5
20.7
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Thermal - Halogen

Halogen tungsten filament

sealed within an enclosure
filled with inert gas and small

amount halogen, e.g. iodine,

bromine.

Halogen

cycle

Halogen

promotes longer filament life.

230V

Halogen

operates

at

higher

temperature. This gives a higher CRI

value. The halogen cycle promotes

12V, 24V

longer lamp life.

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Thermal Halogen

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Thermal Halogen, 12V, 24V

Surface

contaminant,

finger-prints

can

e.g.

damage

quartz casing. Recommend

that halogen lamps should
not be handle by hand.
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Discharge Lamps

A current is discharge in a glass container containing an inert

gas (noble gas such as krypton, argon, neon, xenon). The
collision of electronics with the gas atoms with the ionised gas
produces visible light and UV light. The UV light is converted to
visible light by a fluorescent coating on the inside tube of
fluorescent lamps.

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Fluorescent

Fluorescent are low pressure discharge doped with small amount of mercury. The
mercury vapour emits UV light which is converted to visible light by the phosphor
coating on the inside tube of fluorescent.
Tube diameter
Imperial
Metric

T2
T4

N/A

Tube diameter
Inches
mm
2/ "
8

approx
4/

N/A

5/

8"

T5

T16

8"

T8

T26

8/

8"

1"

T9

T29

9/

8"

11/8"

T12

T38

12/

8"

11/2"

PG17

N/A

17/

8"

21/8"

Notes

Osram's Fluorescent Miniature (FM) tubes

only

12

Slim lamps. Power ratings and lengths not

standardized (and not the same) between
different manufacturers

15.875

Original 4-13W range from 1950s or earlier.

Two newer ranges High Efficiency (HE) 1435W, and High Output (HO) 24-80W
introduced in the 1990s

25.4

From the 1930s,more common since the

1980s.

28.575 Circular fluorescent tubes only

38.1

Also from the 1930s, not as efficient as new

lamps.

53.975 General Electric's Power Groove tubes only

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Flourescent

Halophosphate tubes
Numeric color code

Color

Approximate CRI

Color temperature (K)

27
33

Warm white
Cool white

50 - 79
50 - 79

2700
4000

83

Medium warm white

80

3000

84

Cool white (high CRI)

80

4000

Numeric color code

Color

Approximate CRI

Color temperature (K)

827
840

Warm white
Cool white

~85
~85

2700
4000

865

Cool daylight

~85

6500

Numeric color code

Color

Approximate CRI

Color temperature (K)

927
940

Warm white
Cool white

~95
~95

2700
4000

965

Cool daylight

~95

6500

Tri-phosphor tubes

Multi-phosphor tubes

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Linear Fluorescent T5
(From manufacturers' catalogs; Philips Lighting 2001/2002; GE Lighting 2001/2002)

Lamp Nominal Length

Type
(in)
T5 14W
22
T5 21W
34
T5 28W
46
T5 35W
58

CCT
(K)
3,000-6,500
3,000-6,500
3,000-6,500
3,000-6,500

Light Output* (lm)

Initial
Mean
1,350
1,269-1,275
2,100
1,974-2,000
2,900
2,726-2,750
3,650
3,431-3,450

Lamp Efficacy**
(lm/W)
96
100
104
104

T5 HO
24W
T5 HO
39W
T5 HO
54W
T5 HO
80W

22

3,000-6,500

2,000

1,880-1,895

83

34

3,000-6,500

3,500

3,290-3,320

90

46

3,000-6,500

5,000

4,700-4,740

93

58

3,000-6,500

7,000

6,580-6,650

88

** Lamp efficacies are calculated based on the initial light output data.
*Light outputs are measured during lamp operation on reference ballasts under standard
laboratory conditions. T5 lamps are operated at 35C (95F) compared to T8 and T12 lamps,
which are operated at 25C(77F). Mean light output means lamp light output at 40% of rated
lamp life.
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Linear Fluorescent T8

(From manufacturers' catalogs; Philips Lighting 2001/2002; GE Lighting 2001/2002)

Lamp Type Nominal Phosphor*
CCT (K)
CRI
Light Output***(lm)
Lamp
Length
Efficacy**

T12 40W

T12 34W

(in)
48

RE70

Initial
Mean
3,000-6,500 70-75 3,050-3,250 2,775-2,950

(lm/W)
81

48

RE80

3,000-5,000 80-82 2,200-3,400 1,775-3,090

85

48

RE70

3,000-6,500 70-75 2,650-2,800 2,430-2,520

82

48

RE80

3,000-5,000 80-82 2,025-2,900 1,775-2,610

85

48

RE70

3,000-6,500 75-78 2,700-2,850 2,550-2,710

89

48

RE80

3,000-5,000

92

T8 32W
86

2,800-2,950 2,660-2,800

* RE70 designates rare-earth phosphor with CRI values from 70 to 79. RE80 is rare-earth phosphor
with CRI values of 80-89.
** Lamp efficacies are calculated based on the initial light output data.
***Light outputs are measured during lamp operation on reference ballasts under standard
laboratory conditions. T5 lamps are operated at 35C (95F) compared to T8 and T12 lamps, which
are operated at 25C(77F). Mean light output means lamp light output at 40% of rated lamp life.
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Compact Fluorescent

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High Pressure Discharge Lamps

High pressure discharge (or high intensity discharge) lamps

are similar to low pressure discharge lamp but operate at
higher pressure.

H.P. Mercury

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High Pressure Discharge Lamps

Metal Halide

H.P. Sodium

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High Pressure Discharge Lamps

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Colour and Lamp Selection

In selection of lamp understanding the difference between CRI

and Colour Temperature is important.

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Mercury Hazard in Lamps

Mercury Hazard in Discharge Lamps

Mercury is an essential ingredients in energy
efficient discharge lamps. The most common are
fluorescent lamps, compact fluorescent and high
intensity discharge lamps.
1. Lamps are a steady source
of
mercury
to
the
environment
released
mainly thro waste land-fill
and incineration.
2. If properly disposed almost
ALL the components of
lamps can be recycled.
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High Pressure Discharge Lamps

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Lamp Colour

Typical Lamp Type, Colour Temperature & CRI

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Lamp Colour

Incandescent Lamps and Natural Day Light

Produce smooth, continuous spectra
High Intensity Discharge Lamps (HID)
Produce light with discrete lines or bands (used in spectral
analysis to identify or fingerprint the material producing the
light
Fluorescent Lamps
Produce combined spectrum a continuous or broad
spectra from their phosphor, plus the line spectra of the
mercury discharge

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Natural Day Light

The natural outdoor daylight spectrum

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Incandescent Lamps - Spectrum

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Fluorescent Lamp - Spectrum

Fluorescent HaloPhosphor; Daylight

Fluorescent TriPhosphor; Warm White

Fluorescent Lamps
Produce a combined spectrum a continuous or broad spectra from
their phosphor plus the line spectra of the mercury discharge

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High Pressure Discharge Lamps - Spectrum

Clear Mercury Vapour

HID Lamp Multi -Vapour

High Intensity Discharge Lamps (HID)

Produce light with discrete lines or bands (used in spectral
analysis to identify or fingerprint the material producing the light
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Lamps
Mercury

Metal
Halide

High
Pressure
Sodium

Low
Pressure
Sodium

2 - 10

50 1,000

70
1,500

35 1,000

18 180

1,000
3,200

200
1,000

1,000
45,000

7,000
150,000

2,000
140,000

1,800
40,000

75 81

40 60

30 - 55

60 95

60 125

80 180

85% (80%)

75%
(65%)

90% (70%)

100%
(100%)

35,000
50,000

18000
24000

10000 20000

18000 24000

16000

40 - 90

30 80

80 90

20 39

< 20

Incandescent

Linear
Fluores.

Compact
fluores.

LED

Wattage

25 - 150

18 - 95

13 26

Output
(lumens)

210
2,700

1,000
7,500

Efficiency
(lm/watt)

8 - 18

55 79

Lumen
Maintnce

90%
(85%)

85%
(80%)

Lamp Life
(hours)

750
2000

10000
20000

10,000

80 95

30 90

30 90

CRI
Note

Wattage and output refers to the common available lamp rating for outdoor lightings.
Efficiency refers to luminous efficiency taken at 50% mean lifetime and do not include ballast loss.
Lumen Maintenance refers to percent of initial lamp output at 50% of mean lifetime and at end of lifetime
(parenthesis).
Lamp life refers to the approximate mean lifetime of lamp.
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MS1525

MS 1525:2014
Energy efficiency
and use of
r e n e w a b l e
energy for nonresidential
buildings Code
of practice
(third edition)
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MS1525 Content
First Edition 2001
Second Edition 2007
Third Edition - 2014
Section 1 Scope
Section 2 Normative reference
Section 3 Terms and definitions
Section 4 Architectural and passive design
Strategy
Section 5 Building envelope
Section 6 Lighting design
Section 7 Electric power and distribution
Section 8 Air conditioning and mechanical
ventilation (ACMV) system
Section 9 Energy management control
system
Section 19 Building
energy
simulation
method
(an
alternative
compliance method)
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Review ing Section 6 MS1525

Section 6 Lighting Design
6.1 Scope
Lightings in outdoor, theatrical, medical & dental, emergency, outdoor
recreational, display, exterior monument, special lighting, emergency,
security, signage, store front application are out of scope.
6.2 Lighting Intensities
(a) Table 13 sets performance criteria for lighting illuminance (Lux).
(b) Ballast shall not exceed 6W

6.3 Lighting Intensities

(a) Table 14 sets performance criteria for lighting intensities W/m.
6.4 Exterior Building lighting
(a) Net area intensities shall not exceed 5 W/m
6.5 Lighting Controls
(a) All lighting systems (except emergency) to be provided with controls.
Lighting loads exceeding 100W should have automatic control.
(b) Lighting zones for daylighting control, switching zones < 30m.

6.6 Operation & Maintenance

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Review ing Section 6 MS1525

Section 6 Table 13 (illuminance level) & Table 14 (energy Intensities)

E Level (Lux)

Power Rate
(W/m)

200 lux

15 W/m

Offices

300 400 lux

15 W/m

Classrooms/lecture theatres

300 500 lux

15 W/m

Working Area
Restaurants

Auditoriums/Concert Halls

Refer MS8993

(200lux)

15 W/m

Hotel/Motel/Guest Rooms

Refer MS 8993

15 W/m

Lobbies/Atrium/Concourse

100 lux

20 W/m

200 750 lux

25 W/m

Store/Warehouse/Corridors/Toilets

100 lux

10 W/m

Car Parks

100 lux

6 W/m

Supermarkets/Dept Store/Shops

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Review ing Section 6 MS1525

Section 6 Summary of Revision in 2014 Edition

New Sub Section inserted before 6.1
New sub section requires that safety standard (MS8995
for interior MS825 for exterior) must be complied, i.e.
Safety has precedence over E.E.
Safety has
Precedence
over E.E

6.2 Illuminance renumbered 6.3

(a) Table 13 illuminance level include CRI as a
consideration
(b) 4W for fluorescent ballast. Losses of ballast for hipressure discharge lamp listed.
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Review ing Section 6 MS1525

Section 6 Summary of Revision in 2014 Edition

4. 6.3 Power Intensities renumbered 6.4
Table 14, Lighting intensities (W/m) set to higher
standard in compliance with international practice.
5. 6.4 Exterior Building Lighting renumbered to 6.5
Instead of just 5 W/m, power intensity is for covered area
(5W/m) and uncovered area (2W/m) are prescribed.
6. 6.5 Lighting Controls renumbered to 6.6; No change
7. 6.6 Operation & Maintenance renumbered to 6.7; No
change
Higher
standards
for Lighting
EE
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Review ing Section 6 MS1525

Section 6 Summary of Revision in 2014 Edition

4. 6.3 Power Intensities renumbered 6.4
Table 14, Lighting intensities (W/m) set to higher
standard in compliance with international practice.
5. 6.4 Exterior Building Lighting renumbered to 6.5
Instead of just 5 W/m, power intensity is for covered area
(5W/m) and uncovered area (2W/m) are prescribed.
6. 6.5 Lighting Controls renumbered to 6.6; No change
7. 6.6 Operation & Maintenance renumbered to 6.7; No
change
Higher
standards for
Lighting EE

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Review ing Section 6 MS1525

New Sub Section inserted at Preamble.

Requirement that safety standard must be complied before
considering E.E.
In 2007 Edition, this is not explicitly stated BUT is implied.
Min. Safety Standards:
MS-ISO 8995 Lighting for Indoor Work Places
MS-ISO 825 Part 1 & 2 Code of Practice for the design of
road lighting
Min safety standards requires that lighting comfort such as
glare, uniformity, colour have to be taken into consideration.
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Review ing Section 6 MS1525

Add CRI Column

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Review ing Section 6 MS1525

Add CRI Column
Why ADD CRI ?
1. Colour Rendering Index
(CRI)
2. CRI in sustain reading
application is a health
issue.
3. Min.
Safety
standard
require CRI > 80 for
sustain reading activities.
4. CRI has a STRONG
correlation
to
lamp
efficiency for Solid State
Lamps (SSL).
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Review ing Section 6 MS1525

2007 Ed
6W

Losses for hipressure

discharge
lamps added.

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69

Review ing Section 6 MS1525

2007 Ed values of
power intensities
too high /easy
2013 Ed Lux level
correlated with power
intensities
2013 Ed power intensities
at lower values
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Review ing Section 6 MS1525

Lower Power
Intensities for
Lighting are
correlated from
ASHRAE 90.1

71

Review ing Section 6 MS1525

1525-2007

1525-2013

ASHRAE 90.1

Walkway / Car Park

5W/m

5W/m

0.5W/ft

Entrance hall, lobbies

20W/m

5W/m

1.3W/ft

Office, shops, writing

15W/m

14W/m

1.5W/ft

Drawing Office

? W/m

14W/m

?? W/ft

Classrooms, Lecture Theatres

? W/m

18W/m

1.4W/ft

Shops, supermarket

25W/m

24W/m

5W/m

Exacting drawing

? W/m

40W/m

?? W/ft

Restaurants, canteens, cafe

15W/m

8W/m

0.9W/ft

Difference in interpretation of spaces and max allowable lux level

between ASHRAE 90.1 and 1525 accounts for the difference in
Power Intensities.
Refer next slide for correlation between allowable lux level and
Power Intensities.
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Review ing Section 6 MS1525

73

Review ing Section 6 of MS1525

The lighting power load for

external car parks, drive-ways,
pedestrian malls, landscape
areas, shall not exceed 5
W/m2. The area shall be the
net site area excluding the
built-up area.

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74

Review ing Section 6 of MS1525

74 Reviewing Section 6
Conclusion Higher Standard of E.E. for Lighting
1. Min. Safety Standard has precedence over E.E.
2. Correlation of CRI (which is a health issue) with lamp efficiency
(primarily to address issues of SSL)
3. Previous edition prescribe Power Intensities which are too low.
Draft 2013 edition sets higher standard of EE. which is already
industry norm and to align with international practice.

4. Ballast loss are also set to higher standards to take into account
current development in industry.

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76

MEPS Lighting

Table 1. T5 and T8 double capped fluorescent lamps

Type
T8
T5

Lamp rating (W)

18 to < 31
> 31
14 to < 15
> 15

Minimum efficacy (lm/W)

70
85
80
85

Table 2. Self ballasted single capped lamps (compact fluorescent lamps CFL) for general lighting services

Lamp rating (W)

5 to < 9
9 to < 15
15 to < 25
> 25

Minimum efficacy (lm/W)

55
60
60
60
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MEPS Lighting

Table 3. Single capped fluorescent lamps (non-integrated compact fluorescent

lamps) and circular fluorescent lamps for general lighting services

Lamp rating (W)

< 10
10 to < 19
19 to < 27
> 27

Minimum efficacy (lm/W)

46
65
65
85

Table 4. Self ballasted Light Emitting Diode (LED) lamps for general lighting
services

Lamp cap type

(as in MS IEC 60061-1)
G13
GU10
E27 or B22d
E14

Minimum efficacy (lm/W)

75
50
60
60

filament tungsten incandescent lamps;

performance testing standard shall be as accordance with MS IEC 60064;
the MEPS value will be 20 lumen per watt.
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Phasing Out Mercury and Low Energy Lamps

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Safe Disposal of Cracked Discharge Lamps

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81

Sustainable Urban Lighting GBI Interior

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82

Sustainable Lighting GBI Interior Tool V1.00

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Sustainable Lighting GBI Interior, Version 1.00

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Sustainable Lighting GBI Interior, Version 1.00

17th April 2015

Pertubuhan Rekabentuk Dalaman

M
a
l
a
y
s
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a

R E K A

S E S S I O N

PART I - SUSTAINABILITY AND THE SPEED OF LIGHTING

17th April 2015, Solaris Dutamas, Jalan Dutamas, Kuala Lumpur

Ir. Looi Hip Peu

B.Eng (Hons), P.Eng, Jurutera Gas, F.IEM

Consulting Engineers
mektricon@gmail.com

Immediate Past President,

Malaysia Green Building Confederation