<CHAPTER 9>

mg_cho@semyung.ac.kr

Information & Communication Engineering

Semyung University

2016

Public Facilities

Transportation

Ticket gate

Accident
500m ahead

Education
Change Lines
Boarding
procedures using
wireless terminals
Wireless vehicle-tovehicle communications
Use of mobile
terminals in
education

Daily Lives

Business
Ill check e-mails
before arrival

Keyless door locks

Wireless Office
Its realistic and easy
to understand
Lets confirm the schedule using
my cellular telephone via VPN

Toast
Microwave oven

Wirelesscontrolled home
security

Air-conditioning

2016

9.1
2010

90% .
100Mbps .
.
.
1 (1 1 ) .
10 .
90% .
DNA .
.
.
.
.

2016

9.2 Beyond 3G
Beyond 3G
Mobility
High

IMT-2000

New
Mobile
Enhanced Access
IMT-2000

Enhancement

New Nomadic / Local

Area Wireless Access

Low
1

System
beyond IMT-2000
will encompass
the capabilities
of previous

10

100

1000

Peak Useful Data Rate (Mbps)

2016

9.2 Beyond 3G
B3G
Beyond IMT-2000 : 100Mbps Datarate
Next Generation Internet Support

Universal Capability and Coverage

Flexible for Providing New services

Reliable Transmission as Wired System

Adaptive System to Varying Channel, QoS

2016

9-2-1.

3G
Mobile Internet Subs : 33,075 (94.5% of Total
Subs)
After Dec.2002, the number of 3G subscriber is
greater than 2G subscriber.
40,000

Subscriber of Mobile
Communication (2004. 3)

6,403
(18.3%)

3G
[cdma2000
1x -EVDO]

35,000

(Thousand persons)

30,000
25,000

27.1%

21,515
(61.5%)

3G
[cdma2000 1x]

72.9%
(35,003)

20,000
15,000
10,000
5,000

Total population 47,994

thousand persons (2004.3)

7,085
(20.2%)

2G(IS-95A/B)

0
4Q.
2001

1Q.
2002

2Q.

3Q.

4Q.

1Q.
2003

2Q.

3Q.

4Q.

2016

1Q.
2004

9-2-1.

Total sales of Mobile Internet

Sales(2003) :2,217 billion won (2 2)
SMS Charge : 547 billion won (55)
Air time Charge : 1,234 billion won ( )

Information Charge: 436 billion won ()

Rate of Growth is rapidly

14,000

increased (2002 vs 2003)

10,000

12,000

8,000
6,000

SMS Charge / 12%

4,000
2,000

Air time Charge / 149%

0
2000

Information Charge / 98%

SMS charge

2001

Air time charge

2002

2003

Information charge

2016

9-2-1.

IT
(B USD)

250 45%

41.3%

World Market Size

04 Market Share (%)
02 Market Share

200 43.8%
28.8%
150
37.7%
20%
100
24.9%

50

48

47

107

60%
50%

200

197

30%

109
13%

15.0%
4.8 11.5%
30

40%
20%

7.7%
4.1%
6.4

2.4%
2.4%

3.4%

2.5%

2.8%

2.4%

10%

2016

9-2-2.

~ 1999
GSM

GSM

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

05~10

11 ~

W-CDMA
(UMTS)

GPRS

W-CDMA
(UMTS R99, R4)

GPRS

W-CDMA
(HSDPA)

EDGE

TD-SCDMA

CDMA

IS-95A/B

CDMA2000
1x

CDMA2000
1x EV-DO

CDMA20001x

CDMA2000
1x EV-DV

CDMA2000
1x EV-DO
CDMA2000
1x Rel.A

Data Rate

All IP
Based
System

CDMA2000
1x EV-DV

2G

2.5 G

3G

3.5 G

4G

9.6 K ~ 14.0 K

64 K ~ 171 K

384 K ~ 12.4 M

2 M ~ 10 M

20M~100M

Video Telophony
Wireless Internet
(Graphic Based)
Multimedia Services
(MMS, VOD )

QoS
High Data
Rate

Global
Roaming
Plug &
Play

Service
Voice
Short Message
Service

Data Service
Wireless Internet
(Text Based)

* (UMTS) Universal Mobile Telecommunications System, HSDPA(High Speed Downlink Packet Access)

2016

9-2-2.

[]
1980s
Initial stage

1990s

Growing stage

Analog

2000s

Expansion stage

Digital

IMT-2000

4G
2Mbps ~ ?? Mbps
(best effort)

Mobile
Data

< 300bps

9.6Kbps
~ 64Kbps

64Kbps ~ 384Kbps
2Mbps (indoor)

Frequency
band

800MHz

800MHz
1.8GHz

2GHz

W-LAN

Matured stage

2Mbps

6~54 Mbps

3~8GHz
< 100MHz
(best effort)

2.4GHz
5.3GHz
Frequency
4G 100Mbps,
1Gbps

2.4GHz
~ 5.3GHz
~ 17GHz
band
- WCDMA 50, .

10

2016

9-2-3.

~300MHz

H.264 Code
3D Graphic

64MB

Camera I/F
MPEG-4 Codec

~200MHz
32MB

~80MHz

~50MHz

16MB

JPEG Codec

Graphical &
TextBrowser

4MB
Text
only

All-in-One
Terminal

TextBased
Internet
Service

Camera
Video

AOD
VOD
MMS
256 color

Gray Scale

~2000

Camcorder
DAB/DMB,
3D Game

2001

110K

True color
VGA 640x480
256K color
/ QVGA 240x320

256K color
65K color

1.3M

330K
2002

2003

2~3M
2004

4M
2005 ~

MMS : Multimedia Messaging Service, SoG : System on Glass, AOD : Audio on Demand,
VOD : Video on Demand, DAB : Digital Audio Broadcasting, DMB : Digital Multimedia Broadcasting

11

2016

9-2-3.

2G

2.5G

3G

3.5G

(14.4Kbps)

(144Kbps)

(12~10Mbps)

(>10Mbps)

Moving forward
Intelligent
Multimedia Phone

Health-care / Remote Copntrol

VOD / m-Wallet
Wireless LAN / Navigation
Broadcasting / Video Conference
Video Mail

All in One

Bluetooth / Camera
HTML / E-mail
Camera / Camcorder / VOD
WAP / Melody
SMS / PIMS

12

Replace
TV / Credit card
Camera / Camcorder
ID Card etc.
2016

9-3.

** ITU:
ITU-R WP8F
Work Plan

Framework Recommendation

Technology Trends Report

(Oct. 2003)

Service View
(June 2004)

Radio Aspects
(Feb. 2006)

Market / Service
Analysis Report (Oct. 2005)

Methodology
(June 2005)

Spectrum Survey
(Oct. 2005)

Estimation
(Oct. 2005)

ITU-R Rec.
For System beyond(2008)

Sharing Study
(Fed. 2006)

Spectrum at WRC07

13

2016

9-3-1.
9 Product
8 Service

Product

WiBro
Service
DMB
Home Network
Telematics
RFID
W-CDMA
DTV
VoIP

4th Mobile Communication

Digital TV
Home Network
IT SoC
Next Generation PC
Embedded SW

Digital Contents and S/W Solution

Telematics ( )

Infrastructure

Ubiquitous Robotic Companion

BcN (broadband communication network)

USN (ubiquitous sensor network)

IPv6 (internet protocol version 6)

*BcN( ): ,,

*USN: ,

3 Infrastructure ()

*IPv6: IPv4
32bit 128bit

14

2016

9-3-2. []
New Frequency ranges
and related ACTS project
SAMBA

User mobility
Fast mobile

Slow mobile

G
S
M

UMTS

Magic WAND

MEDIAN

A
W
A
C
S

60GHz
40GHz
19GHz
5GHz
2GHz Frequency
Band

Movable
Fixed

ISDN

B-ISDN
2M

20M 34M

Supported data rate

15

155M
* (UMTS) Universal Mobile Telecommunications System

2016

9-3-2. []
RACE () ()

ACTS

IST

Research for Advanced

Communications in Europe

Advanced Communications
Technology & Services

Information Society
Technology

Target System

Environment

Data rate
/ Band

Modulation

Multiple Access

Mobility

MBS

Mobile broadband
system

Indoor
Outdoor

34 Gbps /
40 , 60 GHz

QAM

TDMA / FDD

Low to
High

Magic

Wireless ATM network

demonstrator

Indoor

20 Mbps /
5 GHz ,
50 Mbps /
17 GHz

OFDM

TDMA / TDD

Low

MEDIAN

Wireless Broadband
LAN

Indoor

155 Mbps /
60 GHz

OFDM

TDMA / TDD

Low

SAMBA

Advanced Mobile
Broadband
Application

Indoor
Outdoor

34 Mbps /
40 GHz

OQPSK

TDMA / FDD

Low to
Medium

AWACS

ATM wireless Access

System

Indoor
Outdoor

34 Mbps /
19 GHz

OFDM

TDMA / TDD

Low

WAND

16

2016

9-3-3. []
IEEE 802 4G
LAN MAN (Metropolitan)
802.20 : , , IP
MBWA
Target
System

Environmen
t

Data rate
/ Band

Modulation

Multiple
Access

Mobility

OFDM

TDMA /
TDD

Low

FHSS

TDMA /
TDD

Low

BA
HA
MA

Broadband
Adaptive
Homing ATM
Architecture

Indoor

PBS-PBS :
100 Mbps
PBS-MS :
25 Mbps

SWAN

Seamless
Wireless ATM
network

Indoor

625 kbps /
2.4 GHz

17

2016

9-3-4. []
MMAC (Multimedia Mobile Access Communication)

LAN

5GHz

ACCESS

LAN

ACCESS

Home Link

,
Interface

ATM

ATM

IP

ATM

IEEE 1394

156 Mbps

30Mbps

20 Mbps

20~25 Mbps

100 Mbps

PC, WS

Notebook PC,
PDA

Notebook PC

Notebook PC,
PDA

AV

60GHz

25, 40, 60
GHz

5 GHz

5GHz

5,25,40,60
GHz

106 ~ 1016

10 6

10 6

106 ~ 1016

10 6

18

2016

9-3-4. []
MMAC (Multimedia Mobile Access Communication)
96
NEC, NTT 130
NTT DoCoMo ( SKT)
3.5G Enhanced IMT-2000
4G Test Bed
4G SPEC.
Frequency

5GHz

Mulple Access /
Multiplexing

OFDM-CDMA / FDD

Modulation

QPSK / 16QAM / 64QAM

Antenna

Adaptive Antenna array,

MIMO

19

2016

9-3-5. []

21
18
13.6

(%)
(%)

2
9

1.18

2
6

0.3

0.43

50

0.002
()

1
4512

()

28.6
8526

(km)

685

214

1980

1
8300

1990

0.33

2000

2005()

20

2016

9-4-1. []

Requirement of B3G System

Broadband services to mobile user

Broadband Internet Services

Broadcast service (Digital TV, Interactive TV)
Low / competitive tariff to fixed network
Seamless services among fixed and mobile

21

2016

9-4-1.
Beyond 3G System
Mobile Communication System ()
EV-DO (EVolution Data Only) CDMA2000()
EV-DV (EVolution Data and Voice) CDMA2000()
HSDPA (High Speed Downlink Packet Access )-
WCDMA

Wireless System ()
WiFi, WiMax, WLAN
WiBro (Wireless Broadband)

Broadcasting System ()
Terrestrial DMB DMB
Satellite DMB - DMB

22

2016

9-4-1.

3G B3G(3.5G)

CDMA
2000-1x

1x EV-DO

1x EV-DV

WCDMA

HSDPA

1.25MHz

1.25MHz

1.25MHz

5MHz

5MHz

153.6 Kbps

2.4 Mbps

5.2 Mbps

2 Mbps

10 Mbps

Only

Only

1.2288Mcps

1.2288Mcps

1.2288Mcps

3.84 Mcps

3.84
Mcps

23

2016

9-4-1.

Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM) Bands

902 ~ 928MHz

2.400 ~ 2.4835GHz

5.725 ~ 5.850GHz

26MHz

83.5MHz

125MHz

FREQUENCY (GHz)

UNLICENSED OPERATION GOVERNED BY FCC DOCUMUNT 15.247, PART 15

SPREAD SPECTRUM ALLOWED TO MINIMIZE INTERFERENCE
2.4GHz ISM BAND
- More Bandwidth to Support Higher Data Rates and Number of Channels
- Available Worldwide
- Good Balance of Equipment Performance and Cost Compared with 5.725GHz Band
- IEEE 802.11 Global WLAN Standard

24

2016

9-4-1. (ISM )

IEEE802.111997

1Mbps or
2Mbps

2.4 GHz

50 m

DSSS, FHSS
(GFSK, DPSK)

Residential User, SOHO,

SME, Indoor Tech.

IP
based

IEEE802.11a

6Mbps
54Mbps

5.15
5.3 GHz

50 m

OFDM (BPSK,
QPSK, QAM16,
QAM64)

Residential User, SOHO,

SME, Indoor Tech.

IP
based

IEEE802.11b

5.5Mbps
or
11Mbps

2.4 GHz

Residential User, SOHO,

SME, Indoor Tech.

IP
based

HIPERLAN
Type1

1.47Mbps

23.53Mbps

5.15
5.3 GHz

FSK(low bit rate), Residential User, SOHO,

GFSK(high bit
Ad hoc, SME, Indoor
rate)
Tech.

ATM
IP
based

HIPERLAN
Type2

6Mbps
54 Mbps

5.15
5.3 GHz

25Mbps

HIPERACCESS

Bluetooth

1Mbps

CCK
50 m

50 m

(Complementary
code keying)

50 m

OFDM (BPSK,
QPSK, QAM16,
QAM64)

Residential User, SOHO,

SME, Indoor Tech.

ATM
IP
based

40.5
43.5 GHz

5 Km

Single Carrier
(CQPSK,QOSK,
QAM16,QAM64)

Residential User,
Business User Outdoor
Tech.

ATM
IP
based

2.4 GHz

10 m
100m

FHSS, GFSK

Residential User, Ad
hoc
Indoor Tech

25

2016

9-4-1.

Wireless Service

WLAN

WiFi

WiMax

WiBro

OFDM

OFDM

TDMA

OFDM

TDD

TDD

FDD/TDD

TDD

20MHz

20MHz

28MHz

10MHz

2 Mbps

11Mbps

31-134 Mbps

50 Mbps

2.4GHz

2.4GHz

10-66 GHz

2.3GHz

IEEE 802.11

IEEE 802.11b

IEEE 802.16

TTA

26

2016

9-4-1. []

OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division

Multiplexing)

FDM
f

IFFT

FFT
OFDM

( )

27

2016

9-4-1. []
MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output)

[] [

(Spatial Multiplexing) :

(Spatial Diversity) :

(Beamforming) :

SNR

28

2016

9-4-2. []

2.3GHz WiBro (wireless

Broadbadnd)

(4G)

IMT 2000
(3G)

2.3GHz

PCS
(2G)

2.4GHz

ADSL/HFC/B-WLL

WLL
0.1M

1M

2M

5M

29

10M

20M

2016

9-4-2.

Market Position

WLAN 3G

WLAN : PC / PDA,
Hotspot
3G : / PDA ,

: PC/PDA,
(WiBro)

30

2016

9-4-2. (WiBro)
2004
TTA Phase

2005

2006

TTA Phase

IEEE 802.16

1st Phase Development

2st Phase Development

Standardization
and 1st Phase
Development

2nd Phase
Development and
Test

Commercial
Service in Korea

TTA Standardization
IEEE 802.16
Standardization
System Design

Commercial System
Development
System Test

Commercial Test
System Installation
Commercial Service

31

Test

Commercial Service

2016

9-4-2.
WiBro Service History
: 2005 2
: 3
: 7

: 3248, 3775
: 1082 ~ 1258
: 2004 10

: 11 29 ~ 12 3
* 3 WiBro 500

(KTSK) .

32

2016

9-4-2.

Requirement for WiBro

Frequency Bands 2.3GHz

Channel Bandwidth 10MHz
Multiple Access OFDMA
Multiplexing TDD

Mobility ~ 60km/h

33

2016

9-4-2.

Requirement for WiBro

Adaptive Modulation and Coding
Frequency Reuse Factor 1
Dynamic Scheduler with QoS
Fast access Short Frame Length
High quality and low latency H-ARQ

34

2016

9-4-2. []
WiBro
Structure

AP : Access Point
AR : Autonomous Registration
HA : Home Agent
FA : Foreign Agent

Public IP Network
HA

AAA
Service Providers
IP Network

FA

Ih

Ih

PAR

W-LAN AP

Ah

Ph
Mobile IP

PAR

NMS(O&M)

Ah

WiBro-AP
W-LAN

PAR : Packet Access Router

NMS : Network Management
System
WiBro-AP

Uh
Uh
WiBro-AT
WiBro-AT
WiBro-AT

Interface Reference Point

Uh : AP-AT
Ah : AP-PAR
Ph : PAR-PAR
Ih : PAR-INTERNET
Seamless handover
Inter AP Handover
Inter PAR Handover

Q&M : Operation & Management

AAA : Authentication, Authorization, Accounting
WLAN : Wireless Local Area Network

35

2016

9-4-3.

DMB

,

Skylife

June, Fimm

CD

,
, VOD
: H.264, AAC+
DMB

36

2016

9-4-3.

DMB

, , , 4

DMB : ,

2007 200 400
2009 DMB 19156, 2,029

: 2005 , 2008 1

37

2016

9-4-3.
9,000

DMB

8,000

8,416

Source : ETRI, KISDI

7,000
6,000

5,144

5,000

4,597

4,689

6,376

6,297

5,717

4,000
3,000
2,000
1,000

2100

2,371

3,311

2,908
2,194

1,294
574

0
2004

2005

2006

2007

38

2008

2009

2010

2016

9-4-3. []

DMB
dow
n
12.2 link Ku14 ~
band
12.2
39 G
Hz

(GAP filler)

Hz
nd
ba 5 G
S- 2.65
0~

3
2.6

n
el
ba
S- e hann
rat s / c
ta
Da Kbp
6
25

13 Up
.8 lin
24 k
~ Ku
13 -b
.8 a
83 nd
G
H
z

(, , )

PDA
/

39

A/V DAB

2016

9-4-3. []

DMB
Transmission

Audio
Encoder

Media
Processor

Data
Encoder

Ensemble Multiplexer

Fixed

High
Power
Amplifier

Wireless Radio
Channel

COFDM
Modulator

174~216 MHz (Band III)

-> 204 ~210 MHz (CH.12)

Ethernet

Portable

Mobile

Multimedia
Contents
Server

Management
Server

IP Network
(Internet)
Data Flow
Control Line

Reception

Wireless Radio
Channel

Base
Station
DMB Transmitter

Return channel for Interactive DMB Service

40

2016

9-4-3.

DMB DMB

DMB

DMB

Eureka 147 (DAB ) System E(CDMA )

Ch.12(6MHz)
Ch.8, Ch.10

25MHz 1

CD , ,

VHS 1 (6MHz) 3

1 6
video 1, 3,
1

CD , ,
25MHz Video 13

SKT Video11,
25, 3

(,
)

41

( )

S-band

2016

9-4-3.

DMB DMB

DMB

DMB

( 7~15 )

7 ,

(SKT 12,000/)

(LBS )

CDMA

500
(1 )

4,000 ~8,000
(Gap Filler )

MBC, KBS
3

(SKT)
KT

42

2016

9-5.

2G

2.5G

3G

3.5G

(14.4Kbps)

(144Kbps)

(12~10Mbps)

(>10Mbps)

Moving forward
Intelligent
Multimedia Phone

Health-care / Remote Copntrol

VOD / m-Wallet
Wireless LAN / Navigation
Broadcasting / Video Conference
Video Mail

All in One

Bluetooth / Camera
HTML / E-mail
Camera / Camcorder / VOD
WAP / Melody
SMS / PIMS

43

Replace
TV / Credit card
Camera / Camcorder
ID Card etc.
2016

9-5.

Contents Server
(Media Server)

Vehicle Mobile
Public
Transportation

4G Network
Macr

o-Ce
ll

R-LAN

Macro-Cell

WLL

PSTN
ISDN

Codeless
Subscriber Loop

IP Back born
/
Internet

44

2016

9-5.
Adaptive Array Antenna

IMT-2000
Wireless
Entrance Link

4G

Multi-mode Terminal
By software radio

Optical
Entrance Link

Macro Cell

Micro Cell

Major Technical Issue

Ultra High Bit-rate
High Frequency
(High Propagation Loss)

High Output
Power

45

Reduce Required
Output Power

2016

9-5.
Adaptive Array Antenna(BS&MA)
Micro & Pico Cell (with Macro Cell)

High Speed Data

Wireless/Optical Entrance Link

Co-existence with IMT2000

Ultra High Capacity

Software Radio

Cost Down

Multi-Band(Microwave & UHF)

Manufacturing Technology

Natioinwide
Coverage

Location Identification
WDM

Smaller Terminals
IP Networking

Attractive Services

High Throughput
High Mobility
IP Optimized

Wearable Terminals
New Applications Specialized to Mobile

46

2016

9-5.
Convergence over IP
A single user equipment
Wireless and Wired
Multi-functions
Mobile & Broadcasting
Portable

Heterogeneous Inter-Working
User convenient network
User service continuity
Legacy

Home Network
RGW

Common IP Core
Network

Ultra high
speed landline

AP

PAN

DMB
C
AR

AP

Broadcasting

AP

W-LAN
AP

Ad-hoc
Network

AP

2G,3G Mpbile
Communication

MBWA

Heterogeneous Radio Access

Home

Pico-Cell

Micro-Cell

Linear-Cell
Macro-Cell

47

Mega-Cell

2016

9-5.
Wireless Network will be the infrastructure of future society

Wireless Technology will change human life style

Wireless
Information
Society

Satellite
Broadband
DMB

DAB

W-LAN
UMTS

GPRS/EDGE

4G

Mobile
Internet

GSM

Bluetooth

48

IMT-2000

CDMA

2016