INDEX:

S.N EXP
O. T
NO.

AIM

PAG
E
NO.

1.

Basic applications of op-amps: AC, DC,

and transient response of noninverting and inverting amplifiers.

2.

II

To plot transient response of op-amp

integrator and differentiator giving
input as square and triangle wave
respectively.

11

3.

III

To simulate differential amplifier based

with current mirror .Carry out the DC,
AC and transient analysis.

15

4.

IV

5.

SIG
N.

EXPERIMENT NO. 1

AIM: Basic applications of op-amps: AC, DC and transient response of

non-inverting and inverting amplifiers.

THEORY:

An operational amplifier is a DC-coupled high-gain electronic voltage amplifier with

differential inputs and, usually, a single output. In its ordinary usage, the output of the op-amp
is controlled by negative feedback which, because of the amplifier's high gain, almost
completely determines the output voltage for any given input. The usual circuit symbol for an
op-amp is:

where:

V+: non-inverting input

V: inverting input
Vout: output
VS+: positive power supply (sometimes also VDD, VCC, or VCC + )
VS: negative power supply (sometimes also VSS, VEE, or VCC )

Types of Analysis:
Pspice allows various types of analysis. The types of analysis and their
corresponding commands are as follows:

DC analysis
2

.DC [LIN] {varname} {start} {end} {incr}

.DC [OCT][DEC] {varname} {start} {end} {points}
Transient Analysis

.TRAN - Transient Analysis.

.TRAN {print step value} {final time} [{no print time}
[{step ceiling value}]] [UIC]

AC Analysis :
.AC [LIN][OCT][DEC] {points} {start} {end}

NON-INVERTING AMPLIFIER

The gain of the amplifier depends on external resistors, not the internal gain of
the op amp itself. The output voltage is determined by the input voltage and the
ratio of the feedback resistors plus one.

1. AC Analysis:
3

*Non-Inverting Amplifier - AC Analysis

R1 0 2 1k
R2 2 6 2k
X 3 2 7 4 6 UA741
.lib c:\msimev71\lib\eval.lib
VP 7 0 DC 12V
VN 0 4 DC 12V
VIN 3 0 AC 0.1V
.AC DEC 50 1Hz 1MHz
.PROBE
.END

2. DC Analysis:
*Non-Inverting Amplifier - DC Analysis
4

R1 0 2 1k
R2 2 6 2k
X 3 2 7 4 6 UA741
.lib c:\msimev71\lib\eval.lib
VP 7 0 DC 12V
VN 0 4 DC 12V
VIN 3 0 DC 0V
.DC LIN VIN -10 10 0.1V
.PROBE
.END

3. Transient Analysis:
* Non-Inverting Amplifier - Transient Analysis
5

R1 0 2 1k
R2 2 6 2k
X 3 2 7 4 6 UA741
.lib c:\msimev71\lib\eval.lib
VP 7 0 DC 12V
VN 0 4 DC 12V
VIN 3 0 sin(0.005 0.01 1KHz)
.TRAN 0.01ms 5ms 0ms 0.01ms
.PROBE
.END

INVERTING AMPLIFIER

The voltage gain for the inverting configuration is set by the ratio of the
feedback resistors R1 and R2, not the internal gain of the opamp itself.

1. AC Analysis:
*Inverting Amplifier - AC Analysis
R1 1 2 1k
R2 2 6 10k
X 0 2 7 4 6 UA741
.lib "nom.lib"
VP 7 0 DC 12V
VN 0 4 DC 12V
VIN 1 0 AC 0.1V
.AC DEC 50 1Hz 1MegHz
.PROBE
.END

2. DC Analysis:

*Inverting Amplifier - DC Analysis

R1 1 2 1k
R2 2 6 2k
X 0 2 7 4 6 UA741
.lib "nom.lib"
VP 7 0 DC 12V
VN 0 4 DC 12V
VIN 1 0 DC 0V
.DC LIN VIN -10 10 0.1V
.PROBE
.END

3. Transient Analysis:
*Inverting Amplifier - Transient Analysis
R1 1 2 1k
R2 2 6 10k
X 0 2 7 4 6 UA741
.lib "nom.lib"
VP 7 0 DC 12V
VN 0 4 DC 12V
VIN 1 0 sin(0 0.01 1KHz)
.tran 0.01ms 5ms 0ms 0.01ms
.PROBE
.END

10

EXPERIMENT NO. 2

AIM: To plot transient response of op-amp integrator and differentiator

giving input as square and triangle wave respectively.

THEORY:
Op-amp integrator
A circuit in which output voltage is directly proportional to the integral of the
input is known as an integrator or the integration amplifier. Such a circuit is
obtained by using operational amplifier in the inverting configuration with the
feedback resistor R replaced by a capacitor, C. The transfer function is derived as
follows:
Vin/R = -Vout x sC
Vout/Vin = -1/sCR
Op-amp differentiator
A circuit in which output waveform is the derivative of the input waveform is
known as the differentiator or the differentiation amplifier. Such a circuit is
obtained by using operational amplifier in the inverting configuration connecting
a capacitor, C at the input. The transfer function is derived as follows:
Vin x sC = -Vout/R
Vout/Vin = -Scr
INTEGRATOR

* OPAMP INTEGRATOR
11

.LIB "NOM.LIB"
X 0 2 7 4 6 UA741
R1 1 2 .5K
C1 2 6 10U
Vdd 7 0 DC 12V
Vss 0 4 DC 12V
Vin 1 0 PULSE( -2V 2V 0S 1NS 1NS .05S .1S)
.TRAN 10MS 1S
.PROBE
.END
20V

10V

0V

-10V
0s
V(6)

0.1s
V(1)

0.2s

0.3s

0.4s

0.5s
Time

RESPONSE

* OPAMP INTEGRATOR
.LIB "NOM.LIB"
X 0 2 7 4 6 UA741
Vdd 7 0 DC 12V
Vss 0 4 DC 12V
Vin 2 0 AC 1V
.AC DEC 50 .5HZ 1MEGHZ
.PROBE
.END

12

0.6s

0.7s

0.8s

INTEGRATOR FREQUENCY

0.9s

1.0s

200KV

150KV

100KV

50KV

0V
100mHz
V(6)

1.0Hz

10Hz

100Hz

1.0KHz
Frequency

DIFFERENTIATOR

* OPAMP DIFFERENTIATOR
.LIB NOM.LIB
X 0 2 7 4 6 UA741
R1 2 6 .5K
C1 1 2 10U
Vdd 7 0 DC 12V
13

10KHz

100KHz

1.0MHz

10MHz

Vss 0 4 DC 12V
Vin 1 0 PWL(0 0 .5M 5 1M 0 1.5M 5 2M 0 2.5M 5 3M 0 3.5M 5 4M 0)
.TRAN 10NS 4MS
.PROBE
.END
20V

10V

0V

-10V

-20V
0s
V(1)

0.5ms
V(6)

1.0ms

1.5ms

2.0ms

2.5ms

3.0ms

3.5ms

Time

EXPERIMENT NO. 3

AIM-To simulate differential amplifier based with current mirror .Carry

out the DC, AC and transient analysis.

14

4.0ms

DC ANALYSIS
Vcm = 0, Rc1 & Rc2 are removed and Vd is varied from -5V to 5V.
* DC ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENTIAL AMPLIFIER BIASED WITH CURRENT MIRROR
.LIB "NOM.LIB"
Q1 4 1 2 Q2N2222
15

Q2 5 3 2 Q2N2222
Q3 8 8 9 Q2N2222
Q4 2 8 9 Q2N2222
Vd 10 0 DC 1V
Rd 10 0 1
Vcc 6 0 DC 5V
Vee 0 9 DC 5V
Vc1 6 4 DC 0V
Vc2 6 5 DC 0V
E1 1 0 10 0 0.5
E2 0 3 10 0 0.5
Rb 8 0 4.3K
.DC Vd -5V 5V .1V
.PROBE
.END
1.2mA

0.8mA

0.4mA

0A
-5.0V
-4.0V
I(Vc1) I(Vc2)

-3.0V

-2.0V

-1.0V

0.0V

1.0V

2.0V

3.0V

Vd

AC ANALYSIS
Vc1 and Vc2 are removed and Rc1=Rc2=1kohms

* AC ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENTIAL AMPLIFIER BIASED WITH CURRENT MIRROR

.LIB "NOM.LIB"
Q1 4 1 2 Q2N2222
16

4.0V

5.0V

Q2 5 3 2 Q2N2222
Q3 8 8 9 Q2N2222
Q4 2 8 9 Q2N2222
Vd 10 0 AC 1V
Rd 10 0 1
Vcc 6 0 DC 5V
Vee 0 9 DC 5V
E1 1 7 10 0 0.5
E2 7 3 10 0 0.5
Rb 8 0 4.3K
Vcm 7 0 AC 1V
Rc1 6 4 1K
Rc2 6 5 1K
.AC DEC 50 1HZ 10MEGHZ
.PROBE
.END

20.0mA

19.5mA

19.0mA
1.0Hz
10Hz
IC(Q1)-IC(Q2)

100Hz

1.0KHz

10KHz

100KHz

1.0MHz

Frequency

TRANSIENT ANALYSIS

* TRANSIENT ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENTIAL AMPLIFIER BIASED WITH CURRENT

MIRROR
.LIB "NOM.LIB"
Q1 4 1 2 Q2N2222
Q2 5 3 2 Q2N2222
17

10MHz

Q3 8 8 9 Q2N2222
Q4 2 8 9 Q2N2222
Vd 10 0 SIN(0 0.1V 1KHZ)
Rd 10 0 1
Vcc 6 0 DC 5V
Vee 0 9 DC 5V
E1 1 7 10 0 0.5
E2 7 3 10 0 0.5
Rb 8 0 4.3K
Vcm 7 0 AC 0V
Rc1 6 4 1K
Rc2 6 5 1K
.TRAN 1US 10MS
.PROBE
.END
1.2mA

0.8mA

0.4mA

0A
0s
IC(Q1)

1ms
IC(Q2)

2ms

3ms

4ms

5ms
Time

OUTPUT
Differential mode gain, Ad=19.949
Common mode gain, Ac=6.614 * 10^-3
Common mode rejection ratio,
CMRR=2994.71(normal scale)
18

6ms

7ms

8ms

9ms

10ms

=69.52(DB)

19