CLUP 2014 2029 Part 2

Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP) 20142028
Municipality of Bagac
Introduction
Chapter 1 presents the critical role of a Comprehensive Land Use

Plan (CLUP) in the development of any municipality or city and the
primary reasons why the Municipality of Bagac must prepare its
own. This Chapter also describes the approach and methodology
used in the formulation Bagacs CLUP, as well as the general manner
on how it was prepared. The linkages of this CLUP with national,
regional, provincial, and other local plans are also discussed, as well
as the relevant plans of nationally significant investment centers
and development areas which have direct contribution on the state
of development of Bagac.
1.1. LEGAL MANDATE AND DIRECTIONS FOR

PLANNING
The Municipality of Bagacs Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP) is
the main policy document that shall guide the overall physical
development of Bagac from the year 2014 to the year 2028. This
CLUP is a blueprint that will help the Municipality achieve its desired
future form by identifying a set of actions as well as the best and
most suitable arrangement of land uses within the Municipalitys
territory. The CLUP also ensures the creation of a balanced and
sustainable living environment for present and future Bagaceos by
designating adequate spaces for the four important land use policy
areas in the Municipality settlement, production, protection and
infrastructure areas.
Powerful as it is, CLUP is a statutory plan and is legally enforceable.
The local government system should provide venues for institutions,
organizations, and private individuals to take part in formulating and
amending this plan. The power, authority, and responsibility to
formulate the CLUP for Bagac are vested upon the Municipal
Government and this power emanates from different legal
documents and issuances such as the following:
a. The Philippines Constitution. The constitution states
several provisions that give Local Government Units (LGUs)
the mandate to prepare its CLUP and the corresponding
Zoning Ordinance. These are the following:
The State is in-charge of the management of the whole

development and well-being of the locality. It shall
promote the general welfare of the community (Article
II, Section 5).
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The State shall also concentrate on developing areas in

a balanced way that will create a healthy ecology
(Article II, Section 16).
It shall promote an orderly development and create just

and dynamic community (Article II, Section 9).
Land are to be distributed accordingly and a certain

volume to be allocated for public use. The State has the
right to determine the size of land of the public domain
(Article XII, Section 3). This public domain shall include
easement waterways, road right of way and other land
uses that are publicly owned.
Social responsibility of property owners and the right to

establish economic enterprises (Art XII, Sec 6).
b. The Local Government Code of 1991. The Local

Government Code (Republic
Act 7160) mandates each LGU to manage its own growth and
change by preparing a comprehensive land use plan enacted
through a zoning ordinance. Section 20 of the Code states that
local government units shall, in conformity with existing laws,
continue to prepare their respective comprehensive land-use
plans enacted through zoning ordinances, which shall be the
primary and dominant bases for the future use of land
resources. Sec. 3(i) of the Local Government Code adds that
the State shall manage land resources to ensure equity and
social justice by regulating ownership, acquisition, disposition
and use of land. Paragraph h of the same section states that
local governments, shall regulate the use of land to promote
distributive justice and the common good, and that the national
and local governments shall jointly manage land resources to
maintain ecological balance.
c. The Urban Development and Housing Act (UDHA) of
1992. UDHA stipulates provision on socialized housing for
each local government units, the sustainable urban
development and quality utilization of urban land. As stated on
this law, urban areas shall be developed in a manner that it
will attract commercial and industrial investments. Moreover,
stated on the Article 10, Section 39, all localities shall prepare
a comprehensive land use plan in accordance to the provision
of this law.
d. Executive Order 72. In line with the approval of the LGC
1991 and UDHA 1992, in 1993, Executive Order 72 was issued
upon strengthening the Housing and Land Use Regulatory

Board (HLURB) as the duly assigned institution to approve
CLUP of each localities. This EO also paved way on the creation
of the standard procedures and guidelines in formulating CLUP.
Moreover, this EO prescribed certain laws and acts that shall
be considered in CLUP formulation.
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e. Department of Interior and Local Government (DILG)

Memorandum Circular No. 2010-112. The said MC from
the DILG reiterated the provisions of the LGC 1991 in
formulating the CLUP as spearheaded by the Local Planning
and Development Office. Likewise, it initiated the inclusion of
new ideas on the Disaster Risk Reduction and Management
(DRRM) and Climate Change Adaptation (CCA) in the CLUP
formulation.
f. Republic Act 10121. The passage of the Republic Act 10121
otherwise known as the Philippine Disaster Risk Reduction and
Management Act of 2010 serves as the national guide on how
sustainable development can be achieved through inclusive
growth while building the adaptive capacities of communities;
increasing the resilience of vulnerable sectors; and optimizing
disaster mitigation opportunities with the end in view of
promoting peoples welfare and security towards genderresponsive and rights-based sustainable development. It was
further strengthened through the DILG Memorandum 2013823 stated that each local government units shall mainstream
the DRRM and CCA in the formulation of the CLUP and ZO. This
MC was issued also to serve as guide for each locality on how
to mainstream DRRM and CCA in their CLUP and ZO.
CLUP serves as the main document that guides the over-all growth and
utilization of its land resources. It provides guidance to the Municipality
of Bagac as well as national government agencies, private
organizations, international institutions and other entities in providing
services, programs, infrastructure, and other measures to support
Bagac achieve its vision for the future. It also intends to guide the
Municipality in maintaining ecological balance as well as in improving
the Municipalitys natural and built environment, enhancing economic
and social conditions, protecting biodiversity, ecosystems and heritage
sites, preserving open spaces and parks, sustaining critical agricultural
lands, upgrading the management of the Municipalitys lands and
resources, and improving the overall quality of the community.
Moreover, CLUP is translated into a legal document known as the

Zoning Ordinance. Every new development project, action, or
decision should be compared or referred to the allowed uses,
allocated distribution and recommended location as specified in the
CLUP.
Bagac CLUP has the following important features:
It is a long term plan. It is designed to guide the land

management of the Municipality for the next 14 years.
It is comprehensive, both in geographic and sectoral scope. It

covers all territorial domains (forestlands, alienable and
disposable lands), the five
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development sectors (social, economic, environmental,

infrastructure and institutional) and the four land use policy
areas (settlements, infrastructure, protection areas and
production areas).
It is a policy guide for managing the Municipalitys land and
natural resources.
It serves several functions such as the following:
Guide the overall physical growth and development of the

Municipality as specified in its vision and development goals;
Identify a development strategy that guides land utilization;
Protect and conserve the Municipality's natural resources;
Regulate land uses in the Municipality that will encourage

planned and systematic development;
Propose a spatial strategy that guides its urban and rural

development;
Mitigate the adverse effects of development decisions and

actions that resulted from the inappropriate location, use or
design of land, sites and structures; and
Involve the Municipality stakeholders in the implementation

and monitoring of the plan.
The formulation of Bagac CLUP is guided by a set of planning

principles which reinforces the CLUP goals and objectives to achieve
a more balanced form of Municipal development. These principles
include the following:
The CLUP aims to make the most productive use of lands and
resources in the Municipality. This means using lands that will
yield the greatest benefits to the people at the least possible
cost. Efficiency prevents wasteful public spending by ensuring
the strategic positioning of infrastructure and services to
provide quality and adequate services to the most number of
people.
The CLUP is concerned with improving peoples access to land

and other resources as well as their access to opportunities
and services such as health care, education, livelihood, and
shelter among others. The CLUP should also help eliminate the
traditional
hurdles
to
achieving
social
equity
i.e.
marginalization,
discrimination,
restrictions,
and
disenfranchisement. In addition, the CLUP should be able to
address issues regarding housing for the poor, access to
education and health care, accessible services for people with
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disabilities, safe environment for women, equitable

distribution and access to municipality services and public
improvements, etc.
The CLUP ensures the protection of peoples lives and assets

against accidents and hazards. It also promotes a safe and
clean environment, adequate lighting and ventilation, proper
sanitation and the appropriate siting and location of
settlements and investments away from hazardous and
environmentally critical areas.
It aims to improve and maintain environmental quality in

Bagac. As a municipality endowed with rich natural resources
and vibrant fauna, the CLUP shall be one of the guiding plan in
protecting its current environ. This includes the improvement
of air and water quality, preservation of green and open
spaces, protection of the areas natural ecosystems and
biodiversity, and the proper siting of waste management
facilities including solid, liquid, toxic and medical wastes.
It promotes a more livable settlement pattern in Bagac

through the creation of green parks and open spaces. Green
parks and open spaces present safe and accessible spaces for
children to play, enhance community interaction and
integration, offer recreational opportunities to all kinds of
people, provide buffers from natural and human induced
hazards, improve air and water quality, promote carbon
sequestration and climate conditioning, increase property
values and enhance the attractiveness of neighborhoods.
Bagac is committed in protecting its prime agricultural lands

against nonagricultural uses to support the agricultural sector,
prevent disruptions in the agricultural operations and ensure
stability and security of food supply in the municipality. This
principle complements the promotion of compact urban growth
centers that do not encroach on irrigated and irrigable croplands.
The CLUP shall preserve important buildings, structures and

sites in the municipality with historical merits and cultural
significance to promote the municipalitys rich cultural
heritage and historic past. Heritage conservation also aims to
build and highlight the distinctive character of the municipality
and bridge the past with the future for generations of citizens
to appreciate.
The formulation of the Bagac CLUP has undergone a very

democratic and participatory process. During the course of the
planning, all stakeholders of the Municipality were represented and
consulted to ensure that their concerns and perspectives were

considered and incorporated in the plan. This process promotes the
active engagement of municipality stakeholders not only in the plan
formulation but also in the implementation of the CLUP.
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1.2. PLANNING APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY

The formulation of Bagac CLUP was undertaken through a series of
activities--the output of one activity served as input to the
succeeding activities. Every activity in the planning process was
designed to involve and engage representatives from various
stakeholders of Bagac to ensure a democratic, transparent and
participatory planning of the municipalitys path to development.
As shown in Figure 1.1, the Bagac CLUP Preparation followed the
Housing and Land
Use Regulatory Boards (HLURB) planning process. As the figure
suggests, the planning process is in a cyclic method.
Figure 1.1. HLURB Planning Process

The preparation on Bagacs CLUP only includes Step 1 to 10 as
Step 11 and 12 are done after a CLUP is adopted and
implemented, respectively. These are the following:
1. Getting Organized. This step is an important step to take
before doing the actual plan preparation activities. This step is
done to anticipate and prepare for the resources that will be
needed for the planning activities that would lead to a smooth
implementation and accomplishment of the planning outputs
on time.
The formulation of Bagac CLUP started with creation of Technical
Working Group (TWG) composed of departments/offices of the
Municipal Government of Bagac. Headed by the Municipal
Planning and Development Coordinator
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(MPDO), the TWG is in-charge of the overall planning and

implementation of activities related to CLUP preparation.
2. Identifying Stakeholders. Public participation is a
fundamental part of the planning process. It ensures the
involvement of all stakeholders in order to enhance
awareness, raise the quality of the plan, and increase the
likelihood of the plans acceptability and success of
implementation.
3. Setting the Vision. Setting the Vision is one of the important
parts of the CLUP Formulation. For localities with existing
vision, revisiting it will be helpful in knowing if the
development path of the Municipality is in lined to its current
vision and also if it the vision statement shows the five (5)
essential elements namely: 1) qualities of the people as
individuals; 2) qualities of the people as a society; 3) nature of
the local economy; 4) state of the natural environment; and 5)
capacity of local leadership.
4. Analyzing the Situation. This include the inventory of
available data that were needed to show the existing trends of
the Municipality. This phase of the process includes various
data collection methods such as interdepartment/office data
gathering, key informant interview, windshield and on-foot
surveys. The data being gathered were used in the formulation
of the Ecological Profile of Bagac and analyzing the existing
conditions of the Municipality. Analysis of the situation is vital
in determining the Municipal development constraints and
potentials. These constraints and potentials will then serve as
vital input in the formulation of the development path of the
Municipality.
5. Setting the Goals and Objectives. This part of the
formulation involves the goal setting as reflected of the
Municipalitys vision. The goals and objectives are affected by
the current condition of the municipality as reflected in its
Situational Analysis. This will enable the planning team in
identifying gaps that can be used in prioritizing projects.
Moreover, this can also be used in coming up a consensus
goals for the betterment of the larger community.
6. Establishing
development
Thrusts
and
Spatial
Strategies. This part of the CLUP formulation involves
prioritization of development areas as guided by the vision of
the municipality. This part is very crucial since it involves
identifying areas for future developments. This also includes
identification of possible constraints and areas potential for
new development. The output of this process will be used in

the initial formulation of the land use plan.
7. Preparing the Land Use Plan. In preparing the Land Use Plan
of the Municipality, it will detail the spatial strategies and
development thrusts in the previous part. This part will revolve
on where and what to build, rebuild and
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preserve in certain areas. Both the constraints and potentials

are reconciled to develop a structural plan that will be used in
the CLUP.
8. Drafting the Zoning Ordinance. This part involved the
translation of the CLUP into a legal document known as the
Zoning Ordinance. Land use classifications within the
Municipality are being translated into zone boundaries. Each
zone boundary has certain provisions that will help the
Municipality in regulating the development.
9. Conducting Public Hearing on the CLUP and ZO. The
formulation of CLUP involves participatory techniques. This
part of the formulation involves the finalization of the CLUP
through a public consultation that will serve as a process of
informing the public and gathering their insights on the
proposed development of the locality.
10.
Reviewing and Adopting the CLUP and ZO. As
stated on the HLURB Guidelines, this part involves mandatory
review, approval and ratification of the CLUP by the
Sangguniang
Pambayan,
Provincial
Council,
Regional
Development Committee or the HLURB.
1.3. LINKAGES WITH OTHER PLANS

1.3.1. National Development Plans
The Bagac CLUP is anchored to various development plans from the
national level up to the local level. One of the plans being used by
the entire country is the Philippine Agenda 21. The said agenda is
guided by the principle of Sustainable Development. With the
development of the seven essential dimensions of the society, the
country has formed set of strategies in order to attain a more
competitive economy, ecologically balanced environment, culturally
and socially vibrant community, welleducated and healthy citizens
and a transparent and capable government.
As a result, the Philippine Agenda 21 is transformed into a Physical
Plan that detailed the strategic location and possible conceptual
plans in developing areas within the country. A National Framework
for Physical Planning (NFPP) was developed and served as a basis
for making regional, provincial and local plans.
Another plan that can be used as basis is the Philippine Tourism
Development Plan (PTDP). Philippines as known to be home of
numerous white sand beaches and natural forests, tourism is one of
the emerging industry of the country. The PTDP serves as a guide of

the National Government in developing areas into a tourism hub.
The PTDP envisions to be the must experience destination in Asia.
The said
plan
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also clustered the province accordingly. Each cluster has a strategic

location/point that will serve as its gateway (Figure 1.2).
Figure 1.2. Philippine Tourism Development Plan

(DOTs PTDP)
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The said plan is concerned in attaining three main goals namely:

Improving market access and connectivity
Developing and marketing competitive tourist destinations and
products
Improving tourism institutional, governance and human
resource capacities Each of the goals were accompanied by
different strategies that will help in attaining it as shown in
figure 1.3.
Figure 1.3. PTDPs Goals and Strategies

Both the NDP and PTDP embodied how localities shall manage and
utilized its land resources. Moreover, these plans serve as basis in
making a local land use plan.
1.3.2. Regional Development Plans
One of the regional development plans embodying the development
path of Central Luzon is the W-Growth Corridor. This is characterized
by numerous nodes to be developed in different manners according
to the theme it portrays (see figure 1.4).
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Figure 1.4. Central Luzon W-Growth Corridor

The Central Luzon W-Growth Corridor concept was derived from the
regions
articulated vision of becoming:
a. An Industrial Heartland of the Philippines and the Asia-Pacific
Region;
b. An International Transshipment Hub;
c. A World Conference Center; and
d. A Showcase of Competitive and Vibrant Agriculture Sector.
Bataan and Zambales are noted as the tourism hub of the region
having located near the prominent mountains such as Mount
Pinatubo and its vast and long coastal area facing the West
Philippine Sea. Both province along with Pampanga are also quoted
as the industrial hub of the region. Both region houses ports that
serves as entry point for products that are imported and exported as
well.
As implied by the W-Luzon Growth Center, Bataan Province has been
identified as both an industrial zone and tourism hub of the region.
With its proximity to Bataan Export Processing Zone and Subic Bay
Metropolitan Area, Bagac can serve as an expansion zone for both
area. With its strategic location, Bagac can also serve as a major
gateway for countries within the South East Asian Nations.
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1.3.3. Provincial Development Plans

As Bataan was cited as one of the growth nodes of the Philippines,
the development of the entire province is to be directed towards a
more efficient and competitive economic environment. Aside from
this, Bataan was also known to be one of the International gateway
as it houses ports and export zones. Through the Provincial Planning
and Development Office (PPDO), all municipalities/city within the
province were guided by a unified vision. The provincial vision
statement is as follows:
By 2020, Bataan Province will be the preferred location for EcoIndustrial Investments leading to the highest Human Development
Index in the Philippines.
As it suggests, the whole province of Bataan were to be developed as
one of the desired location for Eco-Industrial Developments. With the
presence of the Mariveles
Export Processing Zone and Morongs Science and Technology Park,
Bataan is indeed emerging in the field of industrial development
noting its rich natural and protected areas. Bagac, as one of the
municipalities comprising Bataan, shall also uphold this vision.
Aside from the Provincial Plan, the municipality also follows the
current Sea- and Coastal-Land Use Plan of the Province. Bagac was
cited as a natural and protected marine sanctuary of the area. The
Municipality serve as a breeding ground for sea turtles or pawikan.
The Municipality of Bagac envision itself as a prime eco-tourism
destination of the province with its abundant flora and fauna, rich
historical background, and iconic tourist spots.
Incorporating all these plans, the Bagac CLUP is concerned on the
development of the area as an eco-tourism zone, another area for
eco-industrial development, and as one of the growth nodes of the
province.
1.3.4. Other Local Plans

As it is known to be a planning tool, the Bagac CLUP shall also
uphold and serve as a binding document of all local plans made.
Existing plans of Bagac that can be incorporated to the CLUP are the
existing Ancestral Domains Plan and Coastal and SeaLand Use Plan.
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VISION, DEVELOPMENT GOALS, AND

STRATEGIES
This Chapter sets the framework and character of the rest of the
CLUP by stating the aspirations of the people of Bagac in the long
term. It presents the ideal state of Bagac shaped through inspired
decision-making and interaction between the Municipal Government
of Bagac and its stakeholders.
2.1. VISION STATEMENT

The Vision Statement of Bagac depicts what its people want for the
Municipality in the next 14 years and beyond. It serves as the
guiding framework for all its major plans, programs, and policies.
Crafted in May 23, 2014, the Vision of Bagac is a product of
consultative and participative multi-sectoral workshop attended by
the Municipalitys local officials, personnel, and stakeholders from
the business sector and the civil society. The Vision states that:
By 2028, Bagac is the prime eco-tourism destination and ecoindustrial center of Bataan, with God-loving and empowered
citizenry living in a life sustaining, clean and green environment
adaptive to climate change, supported by well-managed
infrastructure and a competitive economy, under a committed and
competent governance.
2.1.1. The Role of Bagac in the Province of Bataan

Bagac aims that its desired role as the Prime Eco-tourism
Destination and Ecoindustrial Center of Bataan will contribute to
the overall development of the province of which the Municipality is an
integral part. To achieve its role as the prime ecotourism destination of
the province, Bagac should attract more travelers or tourists to come in
the Municipality than all other municipalities/cities in the province.
While it has to make its business environment friendly and attractive to
investors to achieve its role as one of the centers of eco-industrial
activities in Bataan.
1. As Prime Eco-tourism Destination

As the largest municipality of the Province of Bataan, Bagac
has many places of interest where tourists can visit in. It has
vast natural parks and long beautiful beaches. It is endowed

with natural scenic spots like the Bataan
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Natural Park, Salaman Bisay Falls, Quinawan Bat Cave, and

Binukawan
Ambon-Ambon Water Falls that boost itself as the tourism
hub of the province. Numerous beach resorts located along its
beautiful and healthy coastline are being enjoyed by both
local and foreign tourists particularly during the months of
March to June. Tourists can also experience Bagacs marine
life beauty through scuba diving and snorkeling activities in
some of its healthy coral reefs.
Aside from its natural beauty, one of the significant historical
events in the country happened in Bagac. The infamous Death
March wherein thousands of Filipino and American soldiers were
forcibly transferred from Bataan to Tarlac by the Imperial
Japanese Army that caused around 10,000 lives had passed
through the Municipality of Bagac. Hence, historical landmarks
like the Zero Kilometer Death March Marker and the FilipinoJapanese Friendship Tower built by Risho-Koseki of Japan are
found in Barangay Bagumbayan.
These put Bagac in the map of Bataan as a tourism hub. Its

Vision as the Prime Eco-Tourism Destination of the province is
deemed achieved when the following indicators as identified
by the stakeholders during the multi-sectoral workshop are
realized:
a. Able to specialize in different tourism class. Being
a tourism destination, the Municipality should not only
focus in a particular tourism class but instead develop a
variety of tourism activities to include cultural and
historical. In this way, tourists would have several
options to choose from. For instance, aside from
showcasing Bagacs natural beauty, it may also promote
its traditional and cultural shows as another tourist
attractions.
b. Increased in tourist visiting the Municipality by 20
percent annually. A tourist destination is a place
characterized by constant increase in the number of
tourists visiting in the area. It also demonstrates higher
tourist arrivals compared with other neighboring areas
which offer the same products and services. From the
current average of 18,250 tourists visiting the
Municipality annually, the Municipal Government of
Bagac is targeting to increase it by 20 percent every
year. This implies that the Municipality should exert
extra efforts to attract more tourists by offering them
something that are uniquely Bagac.
c. Developed tourist sites. Based on the trends, people are

not just visiting a tourist destination because of the place
itself. Some are visiting because of the activities therein
which enable them to interact and connect not just with
their fellow tourists but also with the nature. Most of the
tourism spots of Bagac now are underutilized. Developing
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these tourist spots by creating more activities that

would attract people to visit these places should be the
priority of Bagac.
d. Preserved tourist areas. A prime eco-tourism
destination relies mainly on its tourist areas/spots the
absence of these spots means a waste of time pursuing
the Municipalitys role. Aspiring to be the prime
ecotourism destination of Bataan for the next 14 years
and beyond, Bagac should improve and protect its
tourist spots through different legal mechanisms. These
mechanisms should lay down not only on how to make
these tourism areas/spots available and enjoyable to
both the tourists and local residents but also ensure
their preservation and protection for the next
generation.
e. High standard tourist facilities. Tourism facilities and
infrastructures are vital components of a prime tourist
destination. The government should ensure that a
tourism area/spot is accessible to all tourists who are
coming in the Municipality. These facilities are where
tourists can stay comfortably while enjoying the beauty
of nature. The Municipality shall facilitate the upgrade of
existing facilities and encourage new ones to conform to
the international standard by ensuring that each of the
tourist destinations can provide all the amenities needed
by the tourists.
f. Presence of a Tourism Master Plan. To be a
successful tourist destination, one should have
everything planned. Hence, a Tourism
Master Plan which contains the Municipalitys vision on
tourism, its strategies on how to improve/develop tourism
activities, how to attract tourists to come in, and the
Municipalitys programs, projects, and activities to support
the local government should be formulated. With the Plan,
the local government will facilitate the institutionalization
of tourism management in the Municipality by creating a
Tourism Office which will be in-charge of promoting tourism
activities in Bagac.
g. Presence of campaigns for tourism. Some LGUs have
their tourism programs well-known to others by making
tourism campaigns over the media (print, radio, TV, ect.).
Other LGUs especially those with limited resources are
taking advantage of social media. To promote the tourism
of the Municipality, it is an effective tool if the government
will look into the possibility of campaigning it in different
media or strategies. A clear focus on what kind of tourism

the Municipality has to offer to the prospective tourists
should be determined.
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2. As Eco-Industrial Center of Bataan

The Vision of Bagac to be one of the Eco-Industrial Centers of
Bataan complements the Province of Bataans Vision as the
preferred location for ecoindustrial investment. However, more
than the desire of making efforts on how to contribute to the
overall development of the province through this role, Bagac
intends to promote eco-industrial development in the
Municipality to maximize the use of its land and natural
resources in the most ecological way. Industrial activities are a
major provider of non-agricultural employment.
Having this kind of activities, may augment Bagacs locallysourced income and may decrease its dependency to IRA.
Industrial development can be possibly located in the
Municipality of Bagac due its strategic location. The development
of light and heavy industries in Limay, the Bataan Economic
Zone in Mariveles and Subic Bay Free Port Zone would give
Bagac better access to technological advances and market
linkages.
As identified by the stakeholders during the multi-sectoral
workshop, the three
(3) barangays namely: Paysawan, Quinawan, and Binuangan
are the ideal locations for this kind of development.
This role of Bagac is deemed achieved if at least one (1)
industrial investment is located in Municipality particularly in
any of the 3 identified barangays.
2.1.2. Bagac as a Desired Human Habitat

A desired human habitat is a preferred state of the Municipality as
an environment for its inhabitants to live in and where they can
make a living. It illustrates the desired qualities of the Municipality in
terms of five (5) major elements, namely: 1) the quality of the
people as individuals and as society; 2) the nature of the local
economy; 3) the state of the natural environment; 4) the condition
of the built environment; and 5) the qualities of the local leadership.
The description of these qualities of the Municipality as determined
by the people of Bagac during the multi-sectoral workshop are as
follow:
1. Qualities of the People as Individuals and as Society.
Bagac envisions to have a God-loving and empowered
citizenry.
a. God-loving. Bagac recognizes the role of the Creator to

the life of every individual living in the Municipality its
people, put God first before anything else. Having a Godloving citizens is deemed achieved if peace and order
situation received topmost priority as zero crime rate is
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recorded in the Municipality after the planning period. This

also means that drug-related incidence is zeroed; and the
proportion of Children in Conflict with the Law (CICL) is
reduced. A God-loving citizenry is also achieved as
indicated by presence of significant religious practices; no
discrimination on Indigenous People (IPs), persons with
disabilities (PWDs) and other disadvantaged sector of the
society; and having a government with pro-life policies and
projects.
b. Empowered Citizenry. The people of Bagac is
empowered if they are educated and healthy. Specifically,
it means that literacy rate and basic education
participation rate are higher than the provincial or national
level and that its education programs are accessible to all
the residents of the Municipality regardless of age, gender,
and socio-economic status; and epidemic or morbidity rate,
maternal and child mortality rate are low. Likewise,
empowerment is deemed achieved if people of Bagac
regardless of class and ethnicity are able to participate in
government processes and activities; volunteerism rate
among residents is high; there is an equal opportunities
(especially economic and social services) among IPs,
PWDs, and other disadvantaged sectors of the society; the
people can express their opinion and grievances freely
without suppression from the government; and they are
aware of their responsibilities as members of society (e.g.
obligation to pay taxes, and disposal of garbage properly).
2. The Nature of the Local Economy. Bagacs local economy

is envisioned to be competitive.
A competitive economy shall be deemed attained when
there is a steady increase in production of agricultural
products. Specifically, the Municipality aims to achieve
increase in agricultural land utilization rate by 20 percent,
increase of agricultural areas practicing organic farming by 20
percent, and 5 percent increase in the production of livestock
annually. To have a competitive economy also implied increase
in locally sourced income by promoting a diversified economic
activities such as entrepreneurship and industrial operations.
Finally, a competitive economy means that the Municipality
has also well-maintained and high quality economic
infrastructures such as slaughter houses and public market,
among others.
3. The State of the Natural Environment. As the prime ecotourism destination of Bataan, Bagac should ensure that its
natural environment should complement with this vision by
preserving and protecting them for future generation. It is
necessary that the Municipality ensures that its people are
living in a life sustaining and clean and green
environment adaptive to climate change.
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A life sustaining and clean and green environment

adaptive to climate
change is considered achieved when its natural resources
both land and water are preserved and protected from illegal
activities as indicated by zero percent occurrence of illegal
logging, the number of cut trees is half the number of planted
trees, the forest cover is intact, and biodiversity reservation
sanctuaries are established (e.g. the Pawikan Reservation
Sanctuary). Likewise, this means that the Municipality
recorded zero percent occurrence of illegal fishing using
dangerous methods (i.e. dynamite and poisoning), and the
water quality is at good level or within standard (zero percent
occurrence of waste in coastal areas).
This vision of Bagac for the state of its natural environment
requires strong commitment of all stakeholders of the
Municipality to safeguard its environment both for present and
future generations.
4. The Condition of the Built Environment. Bagac is

envisioned to have a wellmanaged built environment with
adequate and properly installed/constructed infrastructure
facilities.
The built environment of Bagac is well-managed if all its
infrastructure facilities needed to support the overall
development of the Municipality are adequate with good quality
or constructed based on standards (e.g. based on National
Building Codes, etc.). It is also well-managed if monitoring and
maintenance of these infrastructure facilities are done regularly.
The following indicate that Bagac has achieved its vision to have
a well-managed builtenvironment:
Uninterrupted electricity and reliable supply of potable

water;
Presence of paved road network connecting farm to

market, tourism areas, all barangays (specially remote
barangays such as Paysawan, Binuangan and
Quinawan), and future growth areas; and
Socio-economic
infrastructures
such
as
health,
educational, and social welfare facilities, among others
are available.
5. The Qualities of the Local Leadership. The people of

Bagac envisioned to be managed by a government that is
committed and competent. A committed government is
deemed achieved if all planned programs and projects are
prioritized and implemented, all ordinances and resolutions for
the welfare of
all stakeholders of the Municipality are enforced, and all
government transactions/processes are improved and
streamlined. A competent
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governance on the other hand is attained when government

officials and employees adhere the code of conduct and
ethical standards; and they are well-trained and capable.
Annex Apresents the detailed success indicators for each of these
qualities of a desired Municipality of Bagac. Regular monitoring and
evaluation of these indicators must be undertaken to measure
progress of the development of the Municipality and achievement of
the Vision Statement.
2.2. PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT GOALS AND

STRATEGIES
The Municipality of Bagac has identified four major development
goals that would facilitate the achievement of its Vision Statement.
Each goal has its corresponding strategies to be pursued for it to be
realized. These include the following:
1. Recognition of Bagac as the prime eco-tourism
destination of Bataan. By 2028, the Municipality aims to be
recognized not only by the province but also by the country as
the prime eco-tourism destination of Bataan.
To realize this objective, the following strategies can be used
by the Municipality as guide in the implementation of its
programs, project, and activities:
a. Improve existing tourism facilities and develop
potential tourist sites.
Aside from ecological tourism, existing and potential
tourist sites could also be developed by promoting other
tourism activities such as historical tourism, cultural
tourism, and agri-tourism, among others so that it will
not be focused in one particular tourism type. This will
enable the visitors to choose from a variety of options
which would let them enjoy their stay and inspire them
to go back to the place. This would also entail
development or improvement of tourism support
infrastructures such as transportation routes and modes
from and to the tourist sites. Upgrading of tourist related
facilities from basic into high quality or international
standard which would encourage visitors to come is also
vital for Bagac to be recognized as the prime ecotourism
destination.
b. Preserve tourist areas. To have sustainable tourism
activities in the Municipality, all its tourist areas should be
preserved for the enjoyment of the present as well as the

future generation. The government plays an important role
on this matter as it is the only one with capacity to
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lay down tangible policies on the preservation and

protection of the environment.
c. Intensive tourism campaign. To let the people around
the world know what Bagac can offer to them is the
most effective approach for it to be recognized as the
prime eco-tourism destination of Bataan. Of todays
digital era, there are various media to choose from. The
Municipality may opt to use the print, TV, or radio if it
has enough resources, or it may take advantage of the
internet through social media and other medium if it has
limited budget. However, the challenge for the
Municipality is to come-up with a concrete tourism
campaign action plan so that all activities to be done are
coordinated and well-planned and that the outcome will
be remarkable.
2. Balanced and healthy natural environment. This

objective was identified to achieve its desired state of natural
environment that is to have life-sustaining, clean and green
adaptive to climate change living environment. To attain this
goal, the following strategies are identified:
a. Maintain a greener environment. Bagac is
predominantly forested. However, as its population
increases, the need to provide areas for settlement also
increases. Expanding its urban area will affect other land
uses specifically agricultural and forest. To maintain its
green environment and preserve it for future generation,
deforested areas should be planted with trees, illegal
logging should be eliminated, and cutting of trees for
production should be reduced.
b. Promote environmental consciousness. Awareness
towards preservation of natural environment is
important in promoting a balanced and healthy
environment. If the local populace of Bagac are aware of
the consequences of environmental degradation, their
way of life on how to treat the environment may be
changed. As changing behavior does not happen
overnight, environmental awareness should start at
school it should be part of the school curriculum for
basic education.
c. Formulate an Environmental Management Plan.
This will include comprehensive plans for land, water,
air, solid waste and biodiversity. For instance, a Coastal
Resource Management Plan for marine water resource

preservation is an immediate need of the Municipality as
its long coastline is slowly degrading due to rampant
illegal activities by the residents living along the coast
and river system.
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d. Establish reservation sanctuaries for critically

endangered species. Bagac has rich biodiversity. It
has been cited by the province as sanctuary of many
species especially Pawikan. Today, there are private
organizations, resort owners, individual families who
have established small scale Pawikan reservation
sanctuaries which help the government in preserving
and protecting these species. However, a tangible
project from government to establish sanctuaries for
these species would be beneficial in attaining its goal to
have a balance and healthy environment.
e. Strict implementation of existing environmental
plans and laws. There are already local and national
laws that protect the environment. However, the
Municipality has limited resources and manpower
capability to implement these laws in its local territory.
The said plans can further be implemented through the
presence of barangay volunteers and additional rangers
that may help monitor activities that affects the
environment.
f. Promote disaster resiliency and climate change
adaptability. Bagac as a coastal and mountainous
Municipality is vulnerable to both geological and
metrological hazards. To make it disaster resilient and
adaptive to climate change, DRRM and CCA should be
mainstreamed to all its local planning activities.
3. Sufficient and improved quality infrastructure facilities

and utilities. To realize its vision to have a well-managed
built-environment, Bagac should ensure that all basic
infrastructures facilities and utilities needed by the community
are present and in good condition. This goal is identified to
support the Municipalitys vision of promoting Bagac as the
prime eco-tourism destination and competitive Municipality. To
achieve this goal, the following strategies are identified:
a. Provide safe and efficient routes and modes of
transportation in and through the Municipality while
respecting the rural character.
b. Enhance mobility of people and goods and services
within the Municipality through road connectivity.
c. Provide, maintain, and improve existing socio-economic

infrastructure facilities such as health centers,
community hospital, schools, police station, etc.
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d. Provide and improve access to basic utilities such as

power, water, and communications.
4. Attractive place for businesses to locate. This goal was
identified to realize the vision of Bagac to be a competitive
Municipality in terms of economy and to achieve its vision to
be one of the eco-industrial centers of Bataan. It means that
the Municipality should recognize the need for new
commercial growth or expansion of its existing growth areas.
To become attractive the following strategies are identified:
a. Enhance policy climate for investment and business.
b. Promote new growth areas to further economic
development e.g. areas for tourism and industrial
facilities.
c. Continuous upgrading of the quality of locally based
products
d. Increase agricultural production
e. Promote entrepreneurship
f. Capacitate labor force to match with the market demand
g. Improve economic infrastructures and facilities e.g.
market, slaughter house, etc.
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DEVELOPMENT CONSTRAINTS
AND POTENTIALS
This Chapter presents the factors that hinder the development of

Bagac and the potentials it possesses. In order to achieve the vision
and the desired urban form of the Municipality, all its stakeholders
through the leadership of the officials of Municipal Government of
Bagac should overcome the identified development constraints and
take advantage of the opportunities.
The specific constraints and potentials discussed below were
derived from the results of different processes/exercises done such
as the conduct of Situational Analysis (SA), the StrengthsWeaknesses-Opportunities-Threats
(SWOT)
workshop,
Sieve
Mapping, and analysis of other relevant documents.
3.1. DEVELOPMENT CONSTRAINTS

3.1.1. Inherent Constraints
a. Topographical Characteristics. The elevation and slope of an
area are considered as important and limiting factors of the land
and its uses. The capability of land to support agricultural
production and urban development decreases with increase in
slope and elevation. As presented in the previous discussions,
Bagac is generally topographically rough. Its highest elevation is
approximately 1,400 meters above sea level and its slope is
characterized as gently undulating to very steep particularly near
the Mount Samat. The areas with hilly and steep to very abrupt
slopes are located in the barangays of Quinawan, Binuangan, and
Saysain which make these barangays difficult to access. An area
with rolling and undulating terrain is difficult for travelling
especially for children who have to travel far to go to school.
Investment for road networks would also be expensive for areas
with this kind of topography.
b. Natural Hazards. Based on the various maps provided by
concerned national government agencies, the Municipality is
prone to different natural hazards such as flooding, landslide,
soil erosion, storm surges, tsunami, and volcanic hazards.
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3.1.1.
The Municipality can be affected by coastal and inland

flooding as it has both coastal and mountainous
barangays. More than seven percent of its total land
area is highly susceptible to flooding.
Around 43 percent of the total land area of Bagac is

highly susceptible to landslide. One of its major road
networks, the Bagac-Mariveles Road is likely to be
affected by this hazard.
Bagac is also prone to both riverbanks and soil erosion

due to its physical condition which is characterized by
presence of waterways, high elevation, and steep
slopes. More than half of its total land area is prone to
moderate erosion. Riverbank erosion is happening in the
areas near Bagac and Umagol Rivers in Tabing-Ilog and
Banawang, respectively. Areas along the Mount
Mariveles are most likely to experience severe soil
erosion.
Because of its proximity to Mount Pinatubo, Bagac is

likely to experience ash fall as what happened during
the Mount Pinatubo eruption in 1991.
Bagac is located along the West Philippine Sea, a major

source of storm surges and tsunami when typhoon and
earthquake occur, respectively. Its coastal barangays
such as Banawang, Ibaba, Pag-asa, Saysain, Paysawan,
Binuangan and Quinawan are most likely to experience
these kind of hazards.
Derived Constraints
a. Heavily dependent on Internal Revenue Allotment

(IRA). In 2012, 89 percent of the budget of the Municipality of
Bagac came from the national budget allocation through IRA
resulting to limited resources and opportunities to be
appropriated for various development programs beneficial to
its people.
b. Weak institutional capability. As of 2012, the Municipality
of Bagac has a total plantilla positions of 131. Although 81
percent of the positions were already filled-up, the Municipal
Government staffing has very few technical personnel
resulting to the delay of program implementation. In addition,
there is no plantilla item/structure for Tourism Office, PESO,
and local MENRO. Moreover, the Municipality of Bagac has
insufficient personnel for social services like physician, nurse,

fireman, and police, among others.
c. Inadequate public transportation system running from
and to the Municipality. Insufficient public transport can be
a major constraint in the
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Municipality when it comes to the promotion of its tourist

spots. In 2010, there were only 15 public utility buses (PUBs)
and 32 public utility jeepneys (PUJs) running from and to the
Municipality which are only available from 8:00 am to 9:00 pm
with an approximate waiting time of 1 hour.
d. Poor physical accessibility and connectivity. To have a
better movement of people, goods, and services through and
within the Municipality, there should be adequate supplies of
quality road facilities. These facilities should be available to
provide access to the residents living in remote barangays.
Based on the analysis of existing data, as of 2014, Bagac has a
total road length of 110.042 which is below the required length
of 156.34 kilometers based on HLURB standard. Moreover, of
the current road length, almost half (48%) are still unpaved.
e. Inadequate Social Infrastructures and Equipment. Bagac
needs to address its gaps in terms of social infrastructures and
equipment such as the following:
Municipal hospital is lacking of some important health

facilities and equipment such as ambulance to transport
emergency cases.
The Municipality has only one police station serving the

entire constituency of Bagac. Its location in Barangay A.
Ricardo is currently being leased from a private owner
and not accessible to the public.
Bagac Jail has 1 cell with a capacity of 8 inmates.

Although the Jail is in good condition with good
ventilation, comfort room, and access to electricity and
water, still it is not conforming to standard land area of
0.5 hectares or 5,000 square meters.
There is also shortage of classrooms in both elementary

and secondary levels. In elementary level, there are four
(4) schools which have a classroom to pupil ratio that
are below the national ideal standard of 1:35 namely,
Bagac ES (1:39), Banawang ES (1:43), Binukawan ES
(1:39), and Overland ES (1:36). In secondary level,
Emilio Bernabe National High School has a classroom to
student ratio of 1:56 which is far behind the national
ideal standard of 1:40.
In 2013, the Municipality has a total of 16 daycare

centers serving 789 beneficiaries resulting to a daycare
center-population ratio of 1:49. The ratio is large enough
for a daycare center, hence, though each barangay has
at least one daycare center as mandated by law,

additional daycare centers should be constructed to
decongest the existing load. Moreover, the existing
condition of these facilities should also be improved.
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There are barangays with difficult access to burial

grounds. Currently, there are only three (3) cemeteries
located at Barangays Atilano Ricardo, Bagumbayan, and
Parang. However, rural barangays especially Quinawan
and Binuangan have difficulties in transporting their
dead to cemeteries.
f. Poor accessibility to basic utilities such as water, power

and sanitary toilet.
In terms of water, only the five (5) urban barangays are being
supplied by the Local Water Utility Administration (LWUA), five
(5) barangays (San Antonio, Saysain, Binukawan, Parang and
Banawang) sourced their water from Rural Water Station, the
BWASA. The remaining four (4) barangays still depend on
ground water sources. In terms of power, 92 percent of the
current household population has access to electricity but as
to the cost, it is not accessible especially among poor families.
There are still significant number of households with no access
to sanitary toilets. Some of them especially those living along
waters bodies, drain their sewage directly into the
rivers/creeks and sea.
g. Low household income. In 2012, the Municipality has
recorded a combined barangay income amounting to Php19.4
million with a per capita income of Php757.68. Among these
14 barangays, eight (8) barangays namely, A. Ricardo,
Bagumbayan, Banawang, Binukawan, Ibaba, Pag-asa, Parang
and Saysain fell below the average per capita income. One of
the possible reasons is the lack of opportunities or alternative
jobs for seasonal workers and Livelihood programs.
h. Environmental Degradation. Illegal logging and illegal
fishing are rampant in the Municipality. Due to its vast land
and water resources with limited/lack of environmental
protection personnel, the Municipal Government of Bagac has
a hard time to protect the entire Municipality which led to the
degradation of some of its important areas.
3.2. DEVELOPMENT POTENTIALS

a. Open-minded Leadership. The initiative to update this CLUP
is a manifestation that the local leadership is open and willing
to optimize all avenues for the acceleration of development in
Bagac. The legislative and executive branches of local
government are united to formulate policies and implement
programs and projects that will address the various constraints

of the Municipality. Being open-minded, inputs from the
community and external experts are welcome in the Municipal
Government.
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b. Participative Local Government. Another potential of the

Municipality is how government involve the residents in all of its
processes especially in project planning. The participation of POs,
NGOs, IPs, PWDs, Women, Elderly, and other disadvantaged
sectors of the society during the Bagacs Visioning workshop may
lead to the increase of new partners in development. Their active
participation in the development planning and policy formulation
plays an important role to ensure the balance and continuity of
plans and programs.
c. Enough Labor Force. As presented earlier, Bagacs
population is dominated by young (0-25 years old). This shows
that the Municipalitys work force has a high possibility to
flourish in the next 14 years.
d. Have enough space for expansion. As the largest
municipality of Bataan with a current estimated population
density of 117 per square kilometer, Bagac has more than
enough spaces for expansion particularly for settlements and
production.
e. Presence of potential sites for tourism activities.
Untouched and underdeveloped tourism areas located within
the Municipality is an advantage for Bagac to be recognized as
the prime eco-tourism center of Bataan. These areas have the
potential to be developed/improved by private investors for
the enjoyment of both local and foreign tourists.
f. Presence of potential sites for industrial activities. The
Municipality has vast land resources for expansion. Specifically
for industrial activities, the barangays of Quinawan,
Binuangan, and Paysawan are the potential barangays for this
kind of land use. Aside from their ideal distances away from
settlement areas, these barangays have also good
topographical characteristics. Moreover, the areas have the
potential to be connected to the existing road network and
potential seaport zone.
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GENERATION AND SELECTION OF

ALTERNATIVE SPATIAL
STRATEGIES
This Chapter presents the existing land use, trends, future land
requirements and alternative spatial strategies of the Municipality. In
detail, this chapter highlights the current urban form and direction
of development of the Municipality for the past years which could be
used in evaluating the present and future developments of Bagac.
Land requirements for all the four (4) land use policy areas are
likewise presented in this chapter. Finally, different urban forms
which the Municipality could pattern its development for the next 14
years are also discussed in this chapter.
4.1. EXISTING LAND USE AND LAND USE

DISTRIBUTION
Based on its 2014 Land Use Classification, Bagac is predominantly
forested. More than two-thirds (68%) of its land area is designated
as both protection and production forests. These areas are located
near Mount Samat and Mount Mariveles. The remaining 32 percent
is composed of other land uses comprising the four (4) land use
policy areas namely, settlement, production, protection, and
infrastructure (Table 4.1 and Map 4.1).
Table 4.1. Existing Land Use Distribution, 2014
Policy
Areas
SETTLEMENT
PRODUCTION
PROTECTION
Land Use
Percentag
e
Residential
Hectares)
261.601
Commercial
Prime Agriculture
0.405
1,763.563
0.002
7.628
Combined Agriculture
Tourism
4,693.694
186.083
20.301
0.805
4,391.033
11,329.437
0.303
18.992
49.003
0.001
347.542
1.503
Institutional
Cemetery
7.872
5.467
0.034
0.024
Utility
0.588
0.003
Road
132.412
0.573
TOTAL
23,120.00
100.00
Production Forest
Protected Forest
Open Space
Waterways
INFRASTRUCT
URE
Land Area (in
1.131
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4.1.1. Settlement Areas

Settlement Areas are spaces where people live. This may include
private subdivisions, socialized housing, settlement of IPs, and general
community or residential area. Accessory uses such as community
facilities can also be found in these areas.
At present, Bagacs settlement area is approximately 261.60 hectares
which constitutes about 1.131 percent of the total land area of the
Municipality. The concentration of settlement in Bagac is located in its
poblacion area composed of five
(5) barangays namely: Ibaba, Atilano Ricardo, Bagumbayan, Pagasa, and Tabing-Ilog. Particularly, residential units are concentrated
at urban centers, along major roads, and residential subdivisions.
The average lot area per housing unit is 388 square meters, while
the average Municipal residential density is 103 persons per
hectare.
4.1.2. Production Areas

Production Areas or the spaces for making a living, comprised land
masses that are utilized for economic purposes such as commercial,
office, industrial, agricultural, tourism, forestry, and other production
and resource extraction areas.
Production land uses are widely spread in almost all parts of Bagac.
It constitutes almost one-half (48%) of the total land area of the
Municipality or equivalent to 11,034.78 hectares.
a. Commercial. Of all land use types, commercial area has one of
the smallest shares of about 0.002 percent or approximately
0.405 hectares (4,050 sq.m.). The large area of this land use
houses the Public Market of the Municipality which is located in
Barangay Tabing-Ilog. The remaining areas are occupied by small
convenient stores and sari-sari stores scattered around the urban
center.
b. Agricultural. Being an agricultural municipality, prime
agriculture and combined agriculture land uses have the
highest land allocation. Prime agriculture which include areas
that are irrigable and irrigated located in barangays such as
Pag-asa, Ibaba, Tabing-Ilog and Saysain is occupying about
1,763.56 hectares or 7.63 percent of the total area of Bagac.
Combined agriculture on the other hand which comprised
areas that are designated for agro-industrial, pasture and
multi-crop farming spreads in almost all barangays occupying
about 4,693.69 hectares or approximately 20.3 percent of the

entire Municipality.
c. Forestry. Almost one-fifth (19%) or 4,391.03 hectares is
designated as production forest. Most of these areas are
concentrated in the barangays of Banawang, Saysain and
Binukawan.
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d. Tourism. Significant area of 186.08 hectares is intended for

tourism activities. This constitutes about 0.805 percent of the
entire Municipality. Most of these areas are concentrated along
the coastlines. However, concentrations are also evident in
inland area particularly those that houses resorts and hotels
like the NPC Hotel in Barangay Bagumbayan.
4.1.3. Protected Areas

Protected Areas are areas that are deliberately kept in their original
or natural character for their contribution towards maintaining the
amenity value of the environment. These areas are intended for
conservation, rehabilitation, and protection purposes to preserve
and enhance the Municipalitys natural ecosystem.
Protected areas aim to ensure a balance between resource use
development and historical and ecological preservation. It also aim
to remove people, assets, and structures from danger zones and
environmentally critical areas, and reduce the impacts of natural
and human-made hazards.
The Protected Area is the largest among the four land use policy
areas of Bagac. It has an area of approximately 11,677.28 hectares
or about 50.51 percent of the entire Municipality. Included in this
land use are protection forest, coastal and waterway easements,
and open spaces.
a. Protected Forest. Covered by two mountains and a natural
park, the Mount Mariveles, Mount Samat and the Bataan
Natural Park, respectively, Bagac has significant areas
intended for forest protection. It constitutes about 49 percent
of the entire Municipality or equivalent to approximately
11,329.42 hectares. Protected forest are widespread in the
barangays of Banawang, Saysain and Binukawan. Protected
forest also includes protected ancestral domain (41.225
hectares) located in Barangay Banawang.
b. Parks and Open Space. Open space which comprised the
linear parks, pocket parks, and public plaza constitutes only
0.001 percent of the entire Municipality. It is the minimum land
use type among all land uses with an area of only 0.303
(3,030sq.m.).
c. Waterways and Easements. Waterways and their
easements as mandated by various national laws are also
protected. Depending on the location, easement requirements
stated in the Water Code of the Philippines were followed in
designating protected easements in Bagac. Being a coastal

and a river basin Municipality, Bagac has an area of 347.54
hectares intended for protected waterways and their
easements. This constitutes about 1.503 percent of the entire
Municipality.
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4.1.4. Infrastructure Areas

Infrastructure Areas are land masses to be used entirely for
infrastructure and utility systems needed by the Municipality for
effective delivery and creation of services. It is concerned with
effective linkages for people, goods and services, facilitating the
movement in and out of the Municipality, provision of basic social
services such as education, health care and recreation, and
provision of utilities system e.g. water supply, power supply, waste
management and disposal etc. These include areas classified as
institutional (school, health center, municipal hall, etc.), utility
(power, water and telecommunications stations), cemetery, landfill
and roads.
The Infrastructure Area accounts for the smallest land area among
the four (4) land use policy areas with only approximately 146.337
hectares or 0.633 percent of the total land area of the Municipality.
The following are the breakdown of Infrastructure Areas of the
Municipality:
a. Institutional. Institutional infrastructures are also called
social infrastructures of Bagac which consists of 10 public
schools, 14 health centers, 16 daycare centers, 1 community
hospital, 1 university, 14 barangay halls, a Municipal Hall, a
police station with a detention cell, and a fire station. It
obtained an area of approximately 7.87 hectares which
constitutes only 0.034 percent of the total area of the
Municipality.
b. Cemetery. Bagac has 3 cemeteries located in barangays of
Bagumbayan, A. Ricardo, and Parang. These constitute about
0.024 percent of the total land area of Bagac or equivalent to
5.47 hectares.
c. Utility. There are also few utility infrastructures located in
Bagac. This consist of telecommunication towers, PENELCO
Substation, and water stations which constitutes about 0.003
percent of the total area of the Municipality or equivalent to
0.59 hectares (5,900 sq.m.).
d. Roads. Road is the most important infrastructure which
provide link between and among different land uses. There are
11 major roads and 143 barangay roads in Bagac with a total
road length of 110.042 kilometers. In terms of area, all roads
constitute around 0.573 percent of the entire Municipality or
equivalent to 132.41 hectares.
4.2. LAND USE TRENDS AND CHANGE
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The following are the observed land use trends in the Municipality
(Table 4.2) for the past fourteen (14) years:
a. Increase in Residential. Residential area demonstrates an
increasing trend over the last 14 years as indicated by its
increasing household population. With the increasing demand
on land area for housing, the 1999 area of 194 hectares for
residential has increased to 261.60 hectares in 2014, which is
equivalent to 34.85 percent (67.60 has) increase. The bulk of
the increase was taken from prime agriculture and combined
agriculture areas.
b. Increase in Prime Agriculture. Despite the conversion of
some prime agriculture uses into residential uses, the
Municipality still recorded an increase of 3.37 percent (57.56
hectares) on its prime agriculture areas in the last 14 years.
The increase was taken from the combined agriculture areas.
c. Decrease in Combined Agriculture. The combined
agriculture area had decreased dramatically from 8,564
hectares in 1999 to 4,693.694 hectares in 2014. The decrease
rate was recorded at 45.193 percent or equivalent to
3,870.306 hectares. The decrease was to give way to the
increasing demand for production forest, residential housing
units, and urban expansion.
d. Increase in Tourism. The proliferation of resorts and
recreational areas in the Municipality has resulted to the
significant increase in tourism area of 186.08 hectares in 2014
from 16 hectares in 1999. The increase in terms of area is
accounted to 170.08 hectares or 1,063.02 percent. The bulk of
the increase was taken from residential and prime agriculture
areas.
e. Increase in Production Forest. The demand for timber and
other wood products had led to increase of production forest
by 250.442 percent. From 1,253 hectares in 1999, it increased
to 4,391.033 hectares in 2014. Large chunk of this increase
was deducted from combined agriculture area.
f. Decrease in Protected Forest. To address the need for
production forest, portion of protected forest was allocated for
production forest. From 11,387 hectares in 1999, the protected
forest has slightly decreased in 2014 by 0.506 percent. As of
2014, the approximate area for protected forest is 11,329.437
hectares.
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Table 4.2. Land Use Change between 1999 and 2014

Land
Land Area
Change from
Use
Land Use
Policy
Type
(in Hectare)
1999 to 2014
Area
Percen
1999
2014
Area
t
Settlement Residential
Commercial*
Prime Agriculture
Combined
Production Agriculture
Tourism
Production Forest
Protected Forest
Protection
194
261.601
0.405
1,706 1,763.563
67.60
57.563
34.85%
3.374%
8,564 4,693.694-3,870.306 -45.193%

1,063.02
16
186.083 170.083
%
1,253 4,391.033 3,138.033 250.442%
11,38711,329.437
-57.563 -0.506%
Open Space*
Waterways*
0.303
347.542
Institutional*
Infrastructu Cemetery*
re
Utility*
Road*
Total
7.872
5.467
23,120
0.588
132.412
23,120
Note: *No data in the 1999 Existing Land Use
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Map 4.2: Land Maps, 1999 and 2014
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4.3. FUTURE LAND REQUIREMENTS

The urban land requirements of Bagac for the next 14 years is based
on the population trend of the Municipality. Its population grows at a
low pace with an annual average growth rate of 1.34 percent during
the ten-year period (2000 to 2010). It is expected to reach 32,490 at
the end of the planning period (2028) and will double in year 2065.
The projected population of the Municipality from 2010 to 2028 is
summarized in Table 2.9 in Part I.
Presented below are the estimated future land requirements of the
Municipality per land use policy area (only for urban uses). These
were computed using the standards set by the Housing and Land
Use Regulatory Board (HLURB), Food and Agriculture Organization
(FAO), prescribed legal mandates such as BP 220 and PD 957, and
other national government agencies standards.
4.3.1. Settlement
The population density of the Municipality in 2014 is 117 persons
per hectare, which is classified as low density residential based on
the HLURB standard. Subsequently, the average existing area per
household is 388.05 square meters, or about 26 housing units per
hectare based on the existing residential area of 261.6 hectares.
The Municipality is expected to have a total population of 32,490 by
the end of the planning period in year 2028. Assuming that the
average household size is four (4) members each family, Bagacs
projected household population will be 8,123.
Considering the current area per housing unit and assuming further
that there should be one (1) household per housing unit, the
projected required residential area for the year 2028 is 315.19
hectares. This means that an additional 53.59 hectares is needed by
2028.
4.3.2. Production Area

a. Commercial Area. The existing commercial area of Bagac is
0.405 hectares or 4,050 square meters. As per HLURB
standard, 1.5 to 3 percent of the total builtup area should be
allotted for commercial uses. Considering the existing builtup
area of the Municipality of 319.01 hectares, the existing
commercial area should range from 4.79 to 9.57 hectares.
While if FAO standard will be followed, which is 0.2 to 0.5
hectare for every 1,000 population, the current area should
range from 5.39 to 13.48 hectares. By 2028, the minimum and
maximum commercial lands should be 5.61 to 11.23 hectares

as per HLURB and 6.5 to 16.25 hectares as per FAO standards.
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If the FAO standard will be followed, the future land

requirement for commercial area of the urban barangays (A.
Ricardo, Bagumbayan, Tabing-Ilog, Ibaba and Pag-asa) will be
2.6 to 6.5 hectares.
b. Industrial. During the formulation of this CLUP, the
Municipality has no industrial activities. However, based on its
new Vision Statement, Bagac aims to become one of Bataans
industrial centers by 2028. Hence, the Municipality should
allocate area for industrial activities. As per HLURB standard,
there should be 7.30 hectares for every 1,000 population.
Considering the 2014 projected population of Bagac of 32,490,
the current industrial area should be at least 190 hectares. By
the end of the planning period, Bagac will need at least 237.18
hectares for its industrial uses.
4.3.3. Protected Area (for urban use)
1. Parks and Open Space. As of 2014, the combined area for
urban parks and open space is 0.383 hectare (3,830 sq.m.).
Based on FAO minimum standard of 0.50 hectare per 1,000
population, the Municipality should have at least 13.48 hectares.
It means that the Municipality has a gap of 13.097 hectares. By
2028, it will be needing an additional of 3.148 hectares to make it
a total of 16.245 hectares of required parks and open space by
the end of the planning period.
4.3.4. Infrastructure Area

a. Education Facilities (Schools/Classrooms). The 2012 and
2013 enrollment data, as well as the standard for teacher and
classroom to student ratios set by the Department of
Education (DepEd) were used to determine the land
requirement for elementary and high school levels.
For elementary schools, the enrolment during the school year
2012-2013 was 3,359. The figure includes the 417 pupils who
were enrolled in three (3) private elementary schools. During
the same school year, the DepEd has recorded a total of 136
elementary school teachers, giving Bagac a Teacher to Pupil
Ratio of 1:28 which is within the DepEd ideal standard of 1:35.
By 2028, the projected enrollment is estimated to be 4,888
pupils. Although there is surplus of teachers at the moment,
additional four (4) teachers will be needed to address the
requirements beyond the planning period. Based on the ideal
standard of 1 classroom for every 35 pupils, the classroom
requirements for the year 2028 is 19. Considering the
standard classroom size per pupil of 1.4 square meters, the
land area required for the additional classrooms is 0.091

hectare or 910 square meters (Table 4.3).
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Table 4.3: Estimated Land Requirement for Classrooms

(Elementary Level), 2012-2028
School
Year
20122013*
20132014*
2014-2015
2015-2016
2016-2017
2017-2018
2018-2019
2019-2020
2020-2021
2021-2022
2022-2023
2023-2024
2024-2025
2025-2026
2026-2027
2027-2028
Classroom
to
Land
Pupil
Requireme
Projected
Ratio
Classroom Existing
Gaps
nt
Enrollme
Requireme Classroo
nt
(DepEd
nt
m
(in has)**
Standard)
3,359
1:35
96
121
(25)
(0.122)
3,444
3,531
3,621
3,712
3,807
3,903
4,002
4,103
4,207
4,314
4,423
4,535
4,650
4,768
4,888
1:35
1:35
1:35
1:35
1:35
1:35
1:35
1:35
1:35
1:35
1:35
1:35
1:35
1:35
1:35
98
101
103
106
109
112
114
117
120
123
126
130
133
136
140
121
121
121
121
121
121
121
121
121
121
121
121
121
121
121
(23)
(20)
(18)
(15)
(12)
(9)
(7)
(4)
(1)
2
5
9
12
15
19
(0.112)
(0.098)
(0.088)
(0.073)
(0.059)
(0.044)
(0.034)
(0.020)
(0.005)
0.011
0.026
0.042
0.058
0.075
0.091
*Baseline data
**Standard Classroom size is 1.4 square meters per pupil
In the case of public high schools, there were 2,125 enrollees in

2013. A total of 194 teachers were recorded in the same year
that resulted to a teacher to students ratio of 1:29 which is
within the DepEd national standard of 1 teacher for every 45
students. The existing number of teachers are enough to meet
the standards even after the planning period assuming that none
of them will resign or retire or in the case thereof, the vacant will
be filled-up accordingly.
The projected high school enrolment for 2028 is 2,940. It is

estimated that additional 21 classrooms are needed to meet
the standards. Using the standard classroom size per student
of 1.4 square meters, additional of 0.120 hectare or 1,200
square meters is needed for the required classrooms in the
year 2028 (Table 4.4).
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Table 4.4: Estimated Land Requirement for Classrooms

(High School Level), 2012-2028
Year
Projecte
d
Enrollme
nt
Classroom
to
Student
Ratio
(DepEd
Standard)
Classroo
Gap
m Existing
s
Requirem Classroo
ent
m
Land
Requireme
nt
(in has)***
2012-2013*
2,125
1:45
47
44
0.018
2013-2014*
2,213
1:45
49
44
0.029
2014-2015
2,259
1:45
50
44
0.035
2015-2016
2,305
1:45
51
44
0.040
2016-2017
2,352
1:45
52
44
0.046
2017-2018
2,401
1:45
53
44
0.052
2018-2019
2,450
1:45
54
44
10
0.058
2019-2020
2,500
1:45
56
44
12
0.065
2020-2021
2,551
1:45
57
44
13
0.071
2021-2022
2,603
1:45
58
44
14
0.078
2022-2023
2,657
1:45
59
44
15
0.084
2023-2024
2,711
1:45
60
44
16
0.091
2024-2025
2,767
1:45
61
44
17
0.098
2025-2026
2,823
1:45
63
44
19
0.105
2026-2027
2,881
1:45
64
44
20
0.112
2027-2028
2,940
1:45
65
44
21
0.120
*Baseline data
***Standard Classroom size is 1.4 square meters per student
b. Health Facilities. There are 14 existing health centers in the

Municipality of Bagac. Following the ideal standard of one (1)
health center for every barangay, the Municipality should have at
least 14 health centers to complement with its 14 barangays.
However, area of a health center must comply with the HLURB
standard which is 350 square meters for a health center.
c. Social Welfare Facilities. The Municipality has already met
the standards in terms of the existing number of barangay
halls, day care centers, and fire station needed for the entire
planning period. However, areas for the expansion of these
facilities in accordance with increasing number of clients shall
also be considered by the Municipality.
Although there is an existing police station in the Municipality, its
current location is being rented from private entity. To address
this situation, local government should establish a police station

situated in a government-owned
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land which will require an area of 600 square meters. The

Municipality should also look into consideration of establishing
police substation in some distant but populated barangays of
Bagac such as Saysain (300 square meters) and San Antonio
(300 square meters). In addition, a minimum of 500 square
meters of land requirement is needed for one (1) senior citizen
care center and another 500 square meters for youth center.
d. Cemetery. The Municipality has 3 cemeteries with a total land
area of 5.47 hectares. Based on the four-year period (20082012) data, the average Crude Death Rate (CDR) of the
Municipality was 23.14 per 1,000 population per year.
Assuming that the figure will stay constant until 2028, the
cumulative number of deaths during the planning period
(2014-2028) will be 10,291. Considering the required burial
area of 2.44 square meters per body, and assuming further
that the burial participation rate is 100 percent, the
cumulative required burial ground by 2028 is 2.51 hectares.
e. Road. As of 2014, Bagac has a total road length of 110.042
kilometers with a total area of 132.41 hectares. Following the
HLURB standard for road of one
(1) kilometer per 100 hectares of arable land, the required
road length for the year 2018 is 156.34 kilometers. This means
that currently, the Municipality has a gap of 46.30 kilometers
of road. Assuming that the average road width for the entire
Municipality is 10 meters, the total area requirement for road
by the end of the planning period is 46.30 hectares (0.463 sq.
km).
4.4. LAND DEMAND AND SUPPLY

Land demand and supply analysis was undertaken to assess the
availability of land for the projected population of Bagac in 2028. To
determine the areas which have the potential to develop, a
Developable Map was generated using the Sieve Mapping approach
with the help of Geographic Information System (GIS). The
Developable Map guides the stakeholders of the Municipality in
identifying which area are to be developed (where to direct the
development) and which areas are to be preserved or closed for any
development interventions (Map 4.5).
Based on the analysis conducted, areas that need to be kept in their
existing condition are the tourism and heritage areas, river and coastal
easements, steep slopes, parks and open spaces, hazard prone areas
(soil erosion, landslide, and flood prone areas), ancestral domain,
protected forest, and prime agricultural areas (Map 4.3). The combined
land area for these uses is 13,932.84 hectares or 60.26 percent of the
entire Municipality. This means that about 9,187.16 hectares or 39.74
percent of the Municipal land area is subject for any kind of urban
development. Because of the identified requirements for additional
land uses as presented in the previous section, it is inevitable to
convert portions of other uses such as the combined agriculture areas
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and non-protected tourism areas. In order to minimize the

conversion, densification of existing urban land uses such as
residential, commercial, and institutional will also be employed to
meet the additional land requirements of the projected population
(Map 4.4).
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4.5. ALTERNATIVE SPATIAL STRATEGIES

This part presents the development scenarios or urban form that
can be adopted by the Municipality of Bagac in the next 14 years
based on its Vision Statement and Development Goals. In general,
two scenarios are considered the base plan or do nothing and
the development scenarios which have many variations.
4.5.1. The Base Plan or Do Nothing Scenario

This spatial strategy is the logical extension of past and current
trends with the assumption that there is no major intervention is
introduced by the Municipality to the area other than those already
on-going, programmed, or committed. With this kind of
development, the shape of the Municipality in the future, given the
present pattern and trends of growth is uncertain. Bagac should also
ensure that if this kind of development pattern will be considered,
development constraints specifically on physical or environmental
terms will be minimized if not avoided.
Based on the analysis of the time-series general land use maps and
population counts of Bagac, the development is concentrated in the
poblacion area composed of 5 barangays namely, Atilano Ricardo,
Bagumbayan, Ibaba, Pag-asa, and Tabing Ilog. While there is a
concentration of development in this area, expansion is also evident
as conversion of agricultural uses in the surrounding into built-up
area is observed. Existing road networks, flat topography, proximity
to coastal area, and accessibility to basic and social services and
infrastructures are identified as the main factors that contributed to
concentration of population in the poblacion area.
While the poblacion is considered as the dominant settlement area
of the Municipality, concentration of population is also observed in
rural barangays (not part of the poblacion area) such as the
barangays of Parang, Banawang, and Saysain. Settlements along
road network particularly along Bagac-Balanga and BagacMariveles
Roads are also evident and expanding.
If the Municipality of Bagac will do nothing to guide the existing
trends of development, the same pattern will take place in the next
14 years. The existing urban areas will expand, development will be
concentrated, settlements will grow further along road network and
water easements, and immature conversion of prime agricultural
areas will be inevitable. This means that some of the development
constraints as shown in the developable map will be covered by the
expansion of builtup areas. This kind of spatial alternative is risky for
the residents since there will be no local legislations to address new
problems and challenges on disaster risk reduction and

management, access to services, preservation of the environment,
and investments inflow (Map 4.6).
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Do Nothing scenario requires limited government interventions to

only the provision of basic and social services which is reactive in
nature based on the demand of the local populace. This means that
investments required to realize this urban form will come from the
private sector and individual property owners. Investors and
developers will likely focus on establishing businesses and
infrastructures in urban centers. Hence, urban externalities such as
traffic congestion, solid waste, pollution, among others, will be
expected particularly in the poblacion area.
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4.5.2. Alternatives to the Base Plan

To realize the Vision and guide the overall physical development of
Bagac, the Municipal Government should consider other alternative
urban forms rather than do nothing. There are various menu of
urban forms available to choose from to pattern the development of
the Municipality, which include dispersed sheet, galaxy of
settlements, the core city, urban star, and the ring. These
generalized urban forms will take either a concentrated form, a
dispersed form, or a combination of the two.
a. Dispersed Sheet
This pattern is similar to the native settlements prior to the
coming of the Spanish colonizers very small clusters of huts
in widely scattered barangays. This kind of development
pattern allows new growth to occur at the periphery at very
low densities with substantial interstices of open lands kept in
reserve. Though Bagac existing development exhibit
otherwise, there are still large areas in the Municipality such
as those classified as combined agriculture which could be
utilized in realizing this urban form.
With this kind of urban form, activity areas will be evenly
distributed and not only concentrated in the poblacion area or
other populated barangays. Accessibility to open land and
outdoor recreational opportunities is possible. Likewise,
maximum flexibility, personal comfort, independence, local
participation are highly possible. Finally, traffic condition will
be minimized as no multi-purpose trips will be encouraged,
only single-purpose trips.
However, more than the advantages of this kind of urban form,
are the negative implications. Since the developments are
spread evenly over wide continuous tract, circulation is carried
out by individual vehicles which may result to air pollution. It
may be difficult to transport people and goods as there will be no
road hierarchy, no major nodal points, no major terminals and no
multi-trips public transportation. Public services such the
provision of social services and utilities will be very expensive for
the government and for the private concessionaires as well.
Finally, the overall image of the Municipality will also be cluttered
and no vivid or memorable picture will be formed.
b. Galaxy of Settlement
Also known as multi-nodal development, this kind of
development was a result of reducing the number of small
scattered settlements into fewer but larger pueblos or towns.

Later, some barrios grew into large settlements that rivaled
the old poblacion in population size and complexity of
services.
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Bagacs existing development is similar to this kind of urban

form. While the poblacion area composed of five barangays is
the dominant urban settlement, large settlements are also
emerging and concentrating in other barangays. Some of these
barangays which even surpassed other urban barangays in terms
of population are Parang, Banawang, Saysain and San Antonio.
Having this kind of urban form, development is clustered into

relatively small units, each with an internal peak of density
and separated from the next by a zone of low or zero density
such as the combined agriculture area in the case of Bagac.
Each cluster is equal to the next in importance although the
existing poblacion area may specialize on finance and
business, others may specialize on cultural, agricultural, and
tourism, etc.
In terms of urban services, circulation will be provided mainly
by private vehicles but supplementary public transport is
possible. As a result, traffic condition will be minimized
especially if clusters are not too specialized since the need for
commuting is reduced. Like that of the dispersed sheet,
personal comfort, independence, local participation, and
access to open spaces are also highly possible with this kind
of urban form.
However, though the visual image of local communities is
improved, there would be no unique image for the whole
municipality as urban centers may be formed monotonously
similar, unless developed with unique character.
c. The Core City
The Core City is also known as a Compact Development. The
trend of development with this kind or urban form is
concentrating in a particular area or poblacion area only. This
happens because some towns have physical and policy
constraints to expanding sideways or horizontally. Based on
the physical examination, there would less possibility for
Bagac to pursue with this kind of development strategy as the
current development of Bagac is distributed to many parts of
the Municipality not only in the poblacion area.
The Core City encourage development to be packed into one
continuous body. There would be no single-detached singlefamily housing but instead it promotes high-rise apartments
since land would be very limited. Private vehicles is highly
discourage as this would only create severe traffic problem.
The movement people and goods would be by foot or by
mechanical devices like elevators, escalators, conveyor belts.
Some of its advantages are the reduction on carbon emission

as the use of vehicular traffic is minimized; and the initial
investment for all basic utilities and infrastructures would be
high but the running cost maybe low. The Core
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City is the best urban form if the Municipality wants to have a

strong visual image.
However, based on the experience of many cities, a compact
development has resulted to various urban externalities such
as low accessibility to activity centers and to open country;
discomfort due to noise and urban heat island effect; narrow
range of housing choice; and highly rigid and inflexible since
any change or redevelopment would be very expensive.
In the event Bagac opt to consider this kind of development,
the population growth should be directed towards the
poblacion area. Most of the major urban services should also
be concentrated in this area to attract the population.
d. The Urban Star
This kind of development happened when more radial roads
were built traversing the town center and urban growth
tended to follow along the roads thus preventing the town
center from becoming very large. Thus, the urban form
resembles a star. To realize this kind of development, there
should be a dominant core surrounded by secondary centers
distributed along main radials. Tongues of open land should be
incorporated in the design resulting in a pattern with a star
shaped high-density core with fingers of moderate densities
along lines of radial routes.
This kind of urban form would require high investment for
circumferential road network. However, once established,
there would be a system of flow radial patterns which may
result to efficient public transport along radials and inside the
core. The supplementary concentric rings to connect
secondary centers will improve the circulation in general. The
central core may accommodate rapid communications and
specialized services and may offer wide variety of choice of
habitat and activities. More importantly, with this kind of
development pattern, the Municipality would exhibit a very
strong visual image, which is flexible and could easily
accommodate future growth. However, traffic congestion will
occur at central core and main radials. Hence, private vehicles
may be allowed in the fringes but may have to be curtailed in
the center.
Bagac has the possibility to realize this kind of urban form since
there are already existing linear developments taking place in its
major road network traversing through the Municipality from
other municipalities with the poblacion as the center. However,
to fully utilize the entire stretch of the road network would be a

challenge for the Municipality in realizing this kind of
development. Topography would be the first consideration
because both sides
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of the roads are mostly highly undevelopable due to it has

high elevation or very steep slopes.
e. The Ring
The Ring only happened when there are constraints to urban
expansion at the center and the settlements tend to go around
like a ring. These constraints could be a protected forest, an
agricultural area, a water body, and hazard prone areas, among
others. This spatial pattern looks like a doughnut form where the
center is kept open or at very low density surrounded by
highdensity developments and special activities. The circulation
is directed through a series of rings serving the rim and
supplemented by feeder radials converging at empty center.
There is no single dominant center with this kind of spatial
pattern but there could be several centers which might be
specialized, while other activities are distributed along ring
roads.
Some of the advantages of this kind of urban form are high
accessibility to services and open land; there is a wide range of
choice of housing and services; traffic congestion will be avoided
since circulation is very efficient; there will be a strong visual
image due to contrast provided by the empty core.
However, the Ring is a rigid and inflexible as a form

redevelopment
would
be
very
expensive.
Likewise,
preservation of open character of the core and the fringes of
the built-up ring entails very strong political will and very high
civic consciousness.
With the current development of Bagac, the Ring is not likely
to happen since the only possible constraints present in the
Municipality which can help realizing this kind of urban form,
the national parks and protected forest areas are shared by
the Municipality with other municipalities of Bataan. Hence, a
perfect ring is impossible.
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Dispersed Sheet
Galaxy of Settlements
The Urban Star
The Core City
The Ring
Figure 4.1: Stereotype Urban Form
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The Land Use Plan
The Land Use Plan of Bagac for the year 2014-2028 is the detailed
translation of the vision statement, physical development goals,
conceptual plans, and future land requirements of the Municipality
presented in the previous chapters. This chapter presents the
preferred spatial alternative form of the Municipality which is
translated into a structure plan which then used as the basis on
delineating the entire Municipality into different land uses and
zones.
5.1. THE PREFERRED SPATIAL STRATEGY

Based on the result of Multi-sectoral Land Use Planning Workshop
conducted on August 22, 2014 in Bagac Elementary School, the
Galaxy of Settlement or Multi-Nodal Development is the
preferred and most appropriate spatial strategy for the Municipality
of Bagac to achieve its vision. Besides, the existing developments of
the Municipality based on the assessment is directed towards this
kind of urban form.
Though the participants of the workshop recognized the role of
emerging settlement areas within the Municipality, which may rival
with the existing poblacion area in terms of population and services,
they agreed that the latter should still be the dominant urban center
and the others should only support or complement with it in terms
of specialized services. Likewise, as guided by the vision statement,
the stakeholders identified major nodes for tourism and industrial
activities, which gave more weights on deciding which among the
spatial strategies is the most preferred and appropriate for the
Municipality. To ensure interactions among these nodes, efficient
links between and among these centers or nodes should be
provided by constructing new access road networks or improvement
of existing ones.
Figure 5.1, presents the Structure Plan of the Municipality following
the Multi-Nodal Development Approach. Represented by circles and
lines are the growth centers and corridors, respectively. The existing
urban area which will remain as the major urban center of the
Municipality in the next 14 years is represented by the biggest
circle. Major urban basic and social services provided by both
government and private sectors will still be concentrated in this area

though other urban centers within the Municipality will also be
provided through the establishment of satellite offices. Aside from
the prime and combined agriculture and production forests which
are widespread in the Municipality, production growth centers for
tourism and industrial activities are also shown in the Structure Plan.
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The corresponding land use policies on how the Municipality intend to

develop/realize each of these growth centers are also incorporated in
the succeeding discussions.
5.1.1.
Urban Growth Centers
1.Residential-Commercial-Institutional
Poblacion Area
Node
at
the
This growth node is the existing major growth center in Bagac

covering five (5) barangays namely, A. Ricardo, Bagumbayan,
Tabing-Ilog, Ibaba and Pag-asa. In the next 14 years this node
will still serve as the major urban center of Bagac dominating
all other urban centers within the Municipality.
As of the moment, this node serves as the home to most of
the Municipals population. Different housing types ranging
from makeshift (informal settlement in the coastal barangays)
to market housing are available in the area. Five subdivisions
are also found in this area particularly in Barangay Atilano
Ricardo. By the end of the planning period, the residential
area will expand outward to the northeastern direction of the
Municipality towards Balanga City occupying the prime and
combined agricultural areas. Resettlement area within or near
the poblacion area will be provided to families who will be
displaced due to recovering of coastlines and other waterway
easements and danger zones.
Being the major urban center of the Municipality, major
economic activities and infrastructures are also found in this
node. The Municipal Public Market, the main commercial
activity center of Bagac is located in Barangay TabingIlog.
Supporting the residential area particularly in the urban center
are convenient/groceries stores, significant number of sari-sari
stores, and other services centers. Within the 14-year period
from the adoption of this CLUP and its corresponding Zoning
Ordinance until the year 2028, commercial area will be
expanded to cover some areas along major streets in the
urban center and blocks within the vicinity of the public
market.
Most of the Municipals basic and social services are also
available in this development node. In fact, all main socioeconomic infrastructures of the Municipality are located in this
area. These include the Municipal Hall, Police Station, and
Community Hospital located in Barangay Atilano Ricardo, and the
Municipal Fire Station in Barangay Bagumbayan. Major

educational facilities like the Bagac Elementary School, Emilio
Bernabe High School and the Bataan State University Bagac
Campus are located in Barangay Tabing-Ilog, Atilano Ricardo, and
Barangay Bagumbayan, respectively. Various offices of private
service companies such as water, electricity, telecommunication,
etc. are
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likewise located in the poblacion area. Finally, major transport

routes, the Bagac-Mariveles, Bagac-Morong, and Bagac-Balanga
Roads are traversing the poblacion area, while major transport
terminal going around and out of the Municipality is also located
in this node. By the end of the planning period, expansion and
improvements of these facilities will be an immediate concern.
2. Residential-Commercial Node in Barangays Binukawan,

San Antonio, and
Parang.
Closed to Balanga City, this node covering three barangays
(Binukawan, San Antonio, and Parang) has the potential to
become a secondary urban center of Bagac next to the
poblacion area. The combined estimated population of these
barangays as of 2014 is 7,025 and is expected to increase to
8,465 by 2028. Predominantly residential, this node could be
the best alternative location for all kinds of housing options.
As of the moment, there are ongoing subdivision
developments taking place in this node particularly in
Barangay Parang. Clusters of settlements are also found along
Bagac-Balanga Road. Based on the analysis, the development
is directed to the southwestern part of Bagac towards the
poblacion area. By the end of the planning period, the existing
residential area will be expanded to accommodate the
increase in population and other supporting activities. Hence,
part of Bagac-Balanga Road particularly the 50 meters both
sides will be converted into commercial zone to address the
needs for commercial spaces. Required socio-economic
infrastructures shall be constructed to address the social
services needs of the community such as health, education,
social welfare, and security.
3. Residential Node in Barangay Saysain

Barangay Saysain is another potential area for an alternative
urban center. Closed to the poblacion area, services for this
development node are highly accessible. At present, this node
exhibits a very strong image as it has a compact development
concentrated near the coastal area. As of 2014, its estimated
population is 2,678 and is expected to reach 3,226 in 2028. To
accommodate the projected population, the development will
be expanded eastward to avoid the coastal area. A block of
commercial area within the residential zone was delineated to
support the economic needs of the community. Likewise,
satellite offices of the local government should be located in
this node to attend to the basic and social services needs of

the community such as health, education, and security.
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4. Minor Residential Nodes in Barangays Banawang,

Paysawan, Binuangan, and Quinawan.
These nodes comprised of different barangays apart, has a
minimum of population of 1,942 and a maximum of 2,341.
Considered as remote barangays of the Municipality, access to
basic and social services in these areas are difficult. Fishing
and farming are the major sources of income of the
communities in these nodes. There are also absence of
important social and economic infrastructures in the area.
Most of the road networks are unpaved, hence physical
accessibility are also difficult. There is no existing burial
ground situated near these residential nodes, hence the
residents have to travel far just to transport their dead to the
nearest cemeteries. Some of these areas which are located
within the 100 meters from the coastline shall be relocated to
other safe places to avoid disasters to happen as these areas
are prone to natural hazards specially tsunami and storm
surges. However, possible resettlement areas should not that
far from the coastal areas as the community depends on the
coastal water for fishing as means of living.
5.1.2.
Production Growth Center and Corridor
1. Eco-Tourism Corridor in Barangays Banawang, Ibaba,

Pag-asa, and Saysain.
This corridor which covers almost 13 km along of coastline
from Barangay Banawang to Barangay Saysain is a potential
tourism destination not only of the Municipality but also of the
Province of Bataan. As of the moment, there are already
several beach resorts along the coast with world-class
facilities and amenities. These include Las Casas Filipinas de
Acuzar, Montemar Beach Resort and Floen Beach Resort. To
boost this industry, at the end of the planning period the
current pockets of tourism developments along the coastline
will be integrated to have a continuous tourism development
corridor from Barangay Banawang to Barangay Saysain. Some
of the existing settlements and prime agriculture areas will be
converted to give way to this kind development.
The Municipal Government of Bagac shall ensure the protection
of marine life and natural landscapes and seascapes of the coast.
There should be no permanent structure or development within
the 100 meters from the coastline as prescribed by the Water
Code of the Philippines and other applicable laws. The
Municipality shall also facilitate the construction of tourism
support infrastructures such as road network connecting all

tourism areas, urban areas, and transport system; tourism
information centers; souvenir and pasalubong centers; etc. A
Tourism Masterplan shall be formulated by the Municipal
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Government to guide the development of potential tourism

sites and regulate tourism-related activities therein.
2. Eco-Industrial
Node
in
Binuangan, and Quinawan.
Barangays
Paysawan,
To realize its vision to be one of the eco-industrial centers of

the Bataan and to augment its locally-sourced income, Bagac
has designated an Eco-industrial Node on its southwestern
part covering three (3) barangays of Paysawan, Binuangan,
and Quinawan. The Municipal Government with assistance
from national government and other agencies, shall facilitate
the establishment of industrial support facilities such as roads
connecting to other development nodes, terminals, ports, and
the likes. For easy transport of raw materials and finished
products, a seaport in Barangay Binuangan is highly needed to
support the operation of industrial facilities within the area.
The Municipal Government of Bagac shall ensure that
industrial activities will not negatively affect the health of the
people living near the area and will not harm the natural
environment which includes but not limited to rivers/creeks,
seas, lakes, protected forests, prime agriculture, and wildlife.
The development shall not also affect the identified tourism
sites of the Municipality. Technical studies such Environmental
Impact Assessment (EIA), Traffic Impact Assessment (TIA),
Utility Impact Assessment (UIA), and Engineering, Geological
and Geohazard Assessment (EGGA) including social and
economic impact assessments shall be conducted by the
locator/developers before an industrial facilities will be
constructed. A Master Development Plan incorporating the
above-mentioned technical studies shall be submitted by the
prospective locators/developers for review, evaluation, and
approval of the Local Government of Bagac.
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Figure 5.1: Structure Plan

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5.2. PROPOSED LAND USE DISTRIBUTION

Following the four land use policy areas Settlement, Production,
Protection, and Infrastructure, the proposed land use distribution of
the Municipality of Bagac is based on the scenario that by 2028
Bagac has realized its vision, development goals and strategies. Of
the Municipalitys total land area of 23,120 hectares, Protected area
has the largest land use share of about 51.15 percent or 11,826.48
hectares, followed by Production land uses at 43.21 percent or
9,984.37 hectares, Settlements at 4.86 percent or 1,124.49
hectares, and Infrastructure area at 0.80 percent or 184.66 hectares
(Table 5.1 and Map 5.1).
The following are the proposed land use classifications per Land Use
Policy Area with their corresponding proposed land area:
1. Settlement Area. This refers to the Residential Area as
identified in the Land Use Map which are occupied by
residential dwellings. Residential area constitutes 4.86 percent
of the entire Municipality or equivalent to 1,124.49 hectares.
Residential area is predominant in the poblacion area
composed of barangays A. Ricardo, Bagumbayan, Tabing-Ilog,
Ibaba and Pag-asa; and in other urban barangays such as
Binukawan, San Antonio, and Parang in the eastern part of the
Municipality and Barangay Saysain in the southern part. Based
on the propose Land Use Plan, residential area is further zoned
into five (5), Low-density, Medium Density, High Density, Area
for Socialized Housing, and Ancestral Domain.
a. Low-density Residential. It covers all subdivision
developments particularly in barangays Atilano Ricardo
and Parang. This subzone maintains a residential density
of 150 persons per hectare. The land area for this zone
is 249.41 hectares which is equivalent to 26.01 percent
of the entire residential area or 1.079 percent of the
b. Medium-density Residential. It has a total proposed
area of 656.81 hectares. It constitutes about 68.487
percent of the total residential area and 2.84 percent of
the entire Municipality. Widespread in the Municipality,
Medium-density Residential Zone covers all general
residential spaces in urban areas except those belong to
other four subzones. It maintains a density of 151 to 250
persons in every hectare of land.
c. High-density Residential Areas. These are areas

located at the center of Poblacion in barangays Tabing-Ilog,
Bagumbayan, Pag-asa and some portions of Ibaba. It has a
proposed land area of 19.77 hectares which
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constitutes about 2.017 percent of the total residential

area and 0.086 percent of the entire Municipality. It
maintains a density of more than 250 persons per
hectare.
d. Area for Socialized Housing. This refers to the areas
allocated by the government (both national and local)
intended for socialized housing to be occupied by
families living in danger zones such as hazard prone
areas, along coastline and waterways, and those
affected by major government projects. This area is
located in Barangay Ibis with land area of 33.089
hectares or about 3.445 percent of the total residential
area or 0.143 of the entire Municipality. The density for
this
zone
shall
be
determined
by
the
government/developer which will be included in the
Master Development Plan of the Socialized Housing
Project.
e. Ancestral Domain. An area intended exclusively for
Indigenous People (IPs) as specified under IPRA Law and
other applicable laws. This zone is located in Barangay
Banawang with an area of 165.46 hectare or 0.72
percent of the entire Municipality. Ancestral Domain is
also one of the protected areas of the Municipality.
2. Production Area. It is composed of spaces intended for
commercial activities and production purposes. Specifically,
Production Area is composed of six (6) zones such as
commercial zone, prime agriculture, combined agriculture,
industrial zone, production forest, and tourism. It comprised
about 9,951.37 hectares or equivalent to 43.04 percent of the
a. Commercial Zone. Commercial area is concentrated
only in three major growth centers, the poblacion area,
along the major strip in barangays Binukawan, San
Antonio, and Parang; and urban area in Barangay
Saysain. It has a total land area of 120.924 hectares or
0.52 percent of the entire Municipality. Commercial zone
is further subdivided into three (3): the Low Density,
Medium Density, and High Density Commercial. The
determination of densities is based on the commercial
uses or activities of the area which is specified in the
Zoning Ordinance.
b. Prime Agricultural Zone. This land use classification is
intended for crop production especially rice, corn, potato,
squash and the likes. These are irrigated or irrigable areas

predominant in barangays Pagasa, Ibaba, Tabing-Ilog and
Saysain. It has a total land area of 1,575.142 hectares
which is equivalent to 6.81 percent of the entire
Municipality.
c. Combined Agricultural Zone. This zone is the second

largest land use classification of Bagac with a total area
of 3,655.080 hectares or 15.81
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percent of the entire Municipality. This classification is

intended for agro-industrial, pasture, and multi-crop
farming activities spreads in almost all barangays except
urban barangays located in the poblacion area.
d. Production Forest Zone. Production Forest Zone covers
areas intended for regulated wood production. It
constitutes 15.21 percent or 3516.338 hectares of the
whole Municipality. Most of these areas are concentrated in
the barangays of Banawang, Saysain and Binukawan.
e. Industrial Zone. This is a newly-introduced land use
classification in Bagac to augment its locally-sourced
income and to realize its vision to be one the industrial
centers of Bataan. It comprised about 443.089 hectares
or 1.92 percent of the total area of the Municipality.
Industrial Zone is intended for medium to heavy
industrial activities of the Municipality. Particularly, this
covers areas that are located in remote barangays of
Paysawan, Binuangan, and Quinawan.
f. Tourism Zone. This includes areas intended for
protected tourism and non-protected tourism. Protected
tourism are those located along the coastline
particularly in barangays Banawang, Ibaba, Pag-asa, and
Saysain, and the one occupied by Ambon-Ambon falls in
Barangay Banawang and Binukawan. Protected Tourism
areas have stricter regulations in terms of use and
development compared to nonprotected tourism. Nonprotected tourism areas primarily used as venues for
tourism facilities and amenities such as hotels (i.e. NPC
Hotel in Bagumbayan) and in-land resorts. In general,
Tourism Zone occupies about 620.779 hectares or about
2.69 percent of the total area of the Municipality.
3. Protected Areas. Protected Area is the largest among the

four land use policy areas of Bagac. It has an area of
approximately 11,826.48 hectares or more than half (51.15%)
of the entire Municipality. Included in this land use
classification are protection forest, coastal areas and
waterways including their easements, marine protected area
(MPA), and parks and open spaces.
a. Protected Forest. This land use classification covers the
Mount Mariveles, Mount Samat and the Bataan Natural
Park. These are strictly no-touch areas and any extraction
activity therein is prohibited to protect the Municipals and
Provinces wildlife and natural resources.
It has a land area of approximately 10,600.498 hectares

which constitute about 45.85 percent of the entire
Municipality. Protected forest are dominant in the
barangays of Banawang, Saysain, Binukawan and
Quinawan.
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b. Parks and Open Space. This zone covers public plaza,

parks, and open spaces in urban areas. It has one of the
smallest land uses of Bagac with only about 3.350
hectares or 0.014 percent of the total of area of the
Municipality.
c. Coastal Area, Waterways and Easements. This
refers to the coastline area (which covers 100 meters
from the shoreline) and all rivers and creeks within
Bagac (347.54 has) including their easements (861.26
has). It has a total land area of 1,208.80 hectares or
equivalent to 5.23 percent of the whole Municipality.
d. Marine Protected Area. Based on Bagacs Marine
Protected Area
Ordinance, part of coastal area in Barangay Saysain
shall be protected. It has a total area of 13.668 hectares
or 0.06 percent of the whole Municipality.
e. Heritage Zone. This covers areas occupied by heritage
structures, monuments and historical landmarks within
the Municipality. It has a total land area of 0.167
hectares or only 0.001 percent of the whole area of
Bagac.
4. Infrastructure Area. These area covers all infrastructure
developments to support the three other land use policy areas.
It includes socio-economic infrastructure (which are classified
under General Institutional Zone), Cemetery, Utility, and
Roads. It account for 0.94 percent of the whole Municipality or
with a total area of 217.66 hectares.
a. General Institutional Zone. It covers all social
infrastructures such multi-purpose centers, schools,
health centers, daycare centers, community hospital,
university, barangay halls, Municipal Hall, police station,
jail, fire station and the likes. Most of these
infrastructures are located in the poblacion area, but
there are also significant infrastructures facilities in
different barangays. It has an area of approximately
14.832 hectares which constitutes only 0.06 percent of
the total area of the Municipality.
b. Cemetery. It covers all burial grounds both private and
public. Large chunk of this area is located in Barangay
Atilano Ricardo. Other cemeteries are found in
barangays Parang and Ibis. This zone has an area of
approximately 8.174 hectares or 0.04 percent of the

whole Municipality.
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Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP) 2014-2028

c. Utility. There are also few utility infrastructures located

in Bagac. This consists of telecommunication towers,
PENELCO Substation and water stations, transport
terminals, and ports, which constitutes about 0.03
percent of the total area of the Municipality or
equivalent to 7.893 hectares.
d. Waste Management. This includes area occupied by
the sanitary landfill of the Municipality located in
Barangay Banawang. It has an area of 7.429 hectares or
0.03 percent of the whole Municipality.
e. Roads. This covers all road network within the
Municipality regardless of administration, hierarchy, and
condition. It also include proposed roads in different
barangays of Paysawan, Parang, Saysain and Binuangan
which would link among different growth centers in the
Municipality. It has an area of about 179.329 hectares,
which constitutes around 0.76 percent of the entire area
of Bagac.
Table 5.1: Proposed Land Use Distribution, 2028
Land Use
Policy Area
Settlement
Production
Protection
Infrastructure
Land Use
Classification
Residential
Ancestral Domain*
Commercial
Prime Agriculture
Combined Agriculture
Agro-Industrial
Tourism
Industrial
Production Forest
Protected Forest
Marine Protected Area
Heritage
Easement
Open Space
Waterways
Institutional
Cemetery
Waste Management Area
Utility
Roads
Total
Area in
Hectare
959.027
Percent
Share
4.15%
165.460
120.924
1,575.142
3,655.080
20.021
620.779
443.089
0.72%
0.52%
6.81%
15.81%
0.09%
2.69%
1.92%
3,516.338
10,600.498
13.668
0.167
861.259
3.350
347.542
14.832
8.174
7.429
7.893
179.329
23,120
15.21%
45.85%
0.06%
0.001%
3.73%
0.01%
1.50%
0.06%
0.04%
0.03%
0.03%
0.76%
100.00%
*Protected Area
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5.3. LAND USE ZONES AND ALLOWABLE USES

As a third class Municipality, Bagac is still predominantly forest this
constitutes around 45.849 percent of the entire Municipality. There
are seven (7) new major land use classifications in the proposed
Land Use Plan and Zoning Ordinance of the Municipality, which are
not included in the previous 1999 CLUP of Bagac. This includes the
Industrial, Ancestral Domain, Marine Protected Area, Heritage,
Waste Management, and Open Space zones. The following are the
different land use classifications including major allowable and
accessory uses under the proposed Land Use Plan and Zoning
Ordinance (2014-2028) of the Municipality.
5.3.1.
Settlement Area
1.Residential Zones areas intended for dwellings which

further zoned into low, medium, high, socialized, and
ancestral domain
a. Primary Use
all types of residential dwellings such as:
o single
detached
family
dwelling, with customary
ancillary uses such as house
employees quarter, private
garage, and guardhouse
o duplex
o
multi-family
dwellings o hotel, motel,
condotel, apartment
o town house o Etc.
b. Accessory Use
home office
place of religious worship
utility installation for use of zone/lot occupants
Sari-sari store, restaurant, and canteen or foodserving establishment
institutional facilities
park, pocket parks, parkway, promenade,
playlots playground, sports field/court, garden
for use of its immediate residential community
5.3.2.
Production Area
1. Commercial Zones areas intended for mixed use and

commercial development which further zoned into low,
medium and high density.
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a.Primary Use
All primary uses of Residential Zone except town
house
office building/office condominium
wholesale,
retail
shops,
shopping
center/convenience/food store/cart/kiosk/stall
auto-related shop (parts, sales, repair/service)
bank, ATM, finance, insurance, money exchange
service
cocktail lounge, disco, dance hall, KTV/music bar
computer/information
technologyrelated
activity
dance/voice/music, other specialty studio
cinema/entertainment/amusement center
funeral/memorial service
general service/repair
hardware stores
machine/welding/metal/junk/furniture shop
nursing/convalescent home
office support service
pawnshop/one stop payment shop
personal service/repair
petrol filling/service station
radio/television station
restaurant,
canteen,
other
food-serving
establishment
showroom/display store
home industry
specialty school/training facility
sporting goods/souvenir shops
supermarket/grocery
wet/dry market
telecom station
warehouse/storage facility
sports stadium
sports/recreation facility
wellness center
hotel
nature center/aviary
transportation terminals/garage with and without
repair
institutional facilities such as:
o church and security facilities o
college/university, cultural/educational
center o
convent, seminary and related
o
uses
convention/meetings facility o
cultural
and
educational
center
o
health
center/clinic/sports club/gym o lying-in
clinic o general/specialized
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hospital, medical center o club

house/multi-purpose hall/room
2.Agriculture Zones areas intended for agricultural

production which further zoned into prime, combined, and
agro-industrial.
a. Primary Use
cultivation, raising and growing of staple crops
large scale livestock and poultry
mills (rice, corn, flour)
dairy processing plants
other commercial handicrafts and industrial
activities utilizing plants or animal parts or
products as raw materials
b. Accessory Use
customary support facilities such as palay
dryers and rice threshers and storage barns
and warehouses
ancillary dwelling units/farmhouses for fillers
and laborers
agricultural research and experimentation
facilities such as breeding stations, fish farms,
nurseries, demonstration farms, etc.
home occupation for the practice of ones
profession engaging home business such as
dressmaking, tailoring, baking, running a sarisari store
3. Industrial Zones areas intended for industrial
development further zoned into light, medium, and heavy
industrial zones
a. Primary Use
non-pollutive/non-hazardous,
pollutive/hazardous
manufacturing
processing establishments
nonand
pollutive/non-hazardous
industries,
pollutive/hazardous
manufacturing
and
processing establishments
highly-pollutive/non-hazardous
industries,
highlypollutive/hazardous industries, highlypollutive/extremely
hazardous,
pollutive/extremely
hazardous,
nonpollutive/extremely hazardous industries
manufacturing and processing establishments
b. Accessory Use
customary support facilities such as
storage and warehouses
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ancillary dwelling units/quarters for fillers and

laborers
security and emergency facilities such as guard
houses/fire station
infrastructure support facilities such as terminal
and ports, etc.
4. Production Forest Zone Areas intended for Agroforestry and related activities
a. Primary Use
silviculture
forest and wildlife scientific and research
facilities
forest protection facilities
any establishments that conform to the rules
and regulations of the Forestry Reform Code of
the Philippines, (P.D. 705 and Amended LOI
1260), Executive Order No. 23, s. 2011 and
other rules and regulations related to
environmental protection.
b. Accessory Use
such
as
customary
support
facilities
storage
and warehouses
ancillary dwelling units/quarters for fillers and
laborers
security and emergency facilities such as guard
houses/fire station
5. Tourism Zone Areas intended for tourism activities
which further zoned into general tourism and protected
tourism
a. Primary Use
resorts
hotels
museums
natural parks
any establishments that conform to the rules
and regulations of the Department of Tourism
(DOT) and other concerned agencies guidelines
and standards
b. Accessory Use
ancillary utility and security facilities such as
guard house and quarters
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restaurants and food

establishments
souvenir shops
5.3.3.
serving
commercial
Protection Area
1. Ancestral Domain Zone areas intended primarily for

Indigenous People (IPs) within the Municipality.
a. Primary Use
dwelling facilities for IPs
any establishment that conforms to the rules
and regulation of R.A. 8371 otherwise known
as the Indigenous people rights act (IPRA) of
1997
2. Protected Forest Zone This zone is intended primarily
for the protection and preservation of the Municipalitys
forest ecology.
a. Primary Use
forestation activities
forest protection facilities
ranger post
such as forest
b. Accessory Use
ancillary utility facilities such as signal post

and telecommunication towers
camp stations for hiking and other tourism
activities within the protected forest zone
3. Marine Protected Zone This zone is intended primarily

for the protection and preservation of the Municipalitys
marine ecology.
a. Primary Use
coastal and marine scientific , academic and

research facilities
coastal security stations (e.g. Coast Guard)
medical centers and multi-purpose clinics
marine museums
b. Accessory Use
ancillary utility facilities such as signal post

and telecommunication towers
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4. Water Zone This zone is intended primarily for the

protection and preservation of the Municipal waters which
includes all natural bodies of waters such as seas, lakes,
rivers, creeks including their easements.
Easement regulations: No development within the
following:
twenty (20) meter easement of the built-up area
forty (40) meter easement of the agricultural and
forest zones
one hundred (100) meter easement of the industrial
zone
5. Heritage Zone This zone is intended primarily for the
protection and preservation of the Municipalitys historical
and cultural sites and structures.
a. Primary Use
museums
historical structures
landmarks
parks
b. Accessory Use
5.3.4.
ancillary utility and security facilities such as

guard house and quarters
restaurants and food serving commercial
establishments
Infrastructure Area
1. Institutional Zone This zone is intended primarily for

government, religious, cultural, educational, medical, civic,
residential and supporting commercial services.
a. Primary Use
governments center to house

regional, or local offices in the area
national,
colleges, universities, professional business

schools, vocational and trade schools,
technical schools and other institutions of
higher learning
general hospitals, medical centers, and multipurpose clinics
scientific, cultural and academic centers and

research facilities except nuclear, radioactive,
chemical and biological warfare facilities
convention centers and related facilities

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religious structures (e.g. church, seminary,

convent)
museums
embassies and consulate
student housing (e.g. dormitory, boarding
house)
principal uses allowed in medium density
residential zone
auditorium, theater, performance/civic center
(not commercial cinema)
club house /multi-purpose hall/room
cultural/educational center
computer/information
technology-related
activity
convent, seminary, and related uses
convention/meetings facility
general/specialized hospital, medical center
health center/clinic/sports club, gym
nature center/aviary
nursing/convalescent home
office support service
parking structure
parks, pocket parks, parkway, promenade,
playlots playground, sports field/court, garden
radio/TV station
specialty school/training facility
sports stadium
sports/recreation facility
transit station/terminal
b. Accessory Use
park, playground, sports field/court, garden
retail store (not department store or shopping
center)
restaurants
and
other
food-serving
establishments
2. Parks and Open Space This zone is intended for
diversion/amusement for the local residents and the public
in general and for the maintenance of the ecological
balance of the community.
a. Primary Use
park, playground, garden
b. Accessory Use
restaurants
and
other
establishment
retail store and souvenir shops
food-serving
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3. Utility Zone This zone is intended primarily for the

infrastructure and utility use to support the developments
within the Municipality.
c.Primary
Use
electric and power substations
telecommunication Sites
water pumping station
terminal/transit
station/ports,
transportation infrastructure
depot,
d. Accessory Use
petroleum filling kiosk
rental/Service activity (only in terminal/transit
station)
4. Waste Management Zone This zone is intended
primarily for waste disposal activities and waste treatment
facilities of the Municipality.
a. Primary Use
sanitary landfill
material recovery facility (MRF)
other recycling facilities and composting
provided that existing health and sanitary
regulations are observed
sewerage
treatment plan/facility (STP)
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POLICIES, PROGRAMS, PROJECTS

hAND ACTIVITIES (PPPAs)
This Chapter presents major policies, programs, projects, and

activities (PPPAs) to be undertaken by the Municipal Government of
Bagac in partnership with all stakeholders to realize the Vision of
the Municipality and its desired urban form in the next 14 years.
Based on the development goals and strategies, the stakeholders of
the Municipality through the Multi-sectoral PPPAs Identification
Workshop held on August 22, 2014 in Bagac, Bataan, identified and
prioritized the following PPPAs per development sector:
6.1. ECONOMIC SECTOR

6.1.1. Vision: Bagac as Prime Eco-Tourism Destination of
Bataan
1. Formulation of Tourism Masterplan. Formulation of
tourism master plan that would guide the Municipality
achieve its goal as the prime eco-tourism destination
Bataan province while preserving the ecological balance
Bagac.
a
to
of
of
2. Institutionalization of Tourism Office. A local legislation of

institutionalizing the tourism office of the Municipality.
3. Development of Tourism Facilities. This includes
construction and improvement of existing tourism facilities,
rehabilitation of tourism heritage sites, and development of
Bagacs tourism infrastructures in line with its unique
character.
4. Tourism Sites Development. This includes creation and
development of Lumutan and Ambon-ambon falls in Barangay
Banawang as eco-tourism site of Bagac; identification of new
tourism sites; and classifying the existing tourism sites of the
Municipality into coastal tourism, heritage tourism, and inland
tourism sites.
5. Intensified Tourism Marketing. Information dissemination
campaign through social media and publication of travel guide
map, production and dissemination of video materials,
information brochures, and participation in travel tours and

exposition.
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6. Establishment of Tourism Center. This refers to the

creation of tourism center to strengthen tourist campaigns and
awareness.
7. Tourism Hospitality Vibrancy. This program aims
encourage community involvement and participation
intensive tourism culture in Bagac.
to
in
8. Historical Landmarks Preservation Program. This

program aims to protect and preserve the existing heritage
sites and structures in Bagac for future generation.
6.1.2. Vision: Competitive Economy and Eco-Industrial

Center of Bataan
1. Revenue Code Updating. Updating of revenue code aims to
maximize income generation of the Municipal Government of
Bagac.
2. Implementation of Plan on Slaughterhouse. The plan
pertains to the construction of improved slaughterhouse in
Barangay Ibis.
3. Assistance to Small/Medium Enterprise (SME) and
farmers. This includes the availability and conduct of
trainings that will benefit the SME and farmers of Bagac; and
facilitate farmers to apply easily and be qualified borrowers of
rural banks, lending companies, and cooperatives.
4. Manpower Development. This aims to strengthen the
human capital of the Municipality through various livelihood
trainings and seminars benefiting
Bagacs constituents.
5. Price Monitoring Scheme for Tourists. Price monitoring
program to be implemented by the tourism office and market
office intended for the tourists of Bagac.
6. Intensification of One-Town-One-Product. This refers to
the conduct of agroindustrial fairs, one-town-one-product
exhibits, and construction of Pasalubong Center.
7. Agricultural Development Program. This includes the
conduct of agriculturalrelated trainings to increase crop
production.
8. Promotion of Barangay Micro-Business Enterprises. This

refers to the creation and promotion of micro-business
enterprises on the barangay level through trainings and
seminars.
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9. Creation of Economic Zone. This refers to the

establishment of industrial economic zone as Bagac's
additional source of income generation.
6.2. INFRASTRUCTURE SECTOR

6.2.1. Vision: Well-Managed Infrastructure
1. Farm-to-Market Road (FMR). This includes the construction
of FMR in areas not yet accessible such as Sitio Antipolo and
Gugo in Binukawan, etc. to promote easy movement of people,
services, and goods/commodities.
2. Road Improvement Project. This includes pavement of
unpaved roads, completion of Bagac-Mariveles Road; and
improvement of all roads within Bagac. This also include
construction and improvement of infrastructure facilities and
creation of guide trails towards hard to reach tourism sites.
3. Public Infrastructures Development Program. This
includes construction of Covered Court, Multi-purpose Hall;
construction/improvement of facilities for Protective Services
(Police Station), Health and Social Welfare facilities (Senior
Citizen Building, Elderly Care Center, Hospital); and
construction of transport terminal in Barangay Ibaba.
4. Utility
Facilities
Development
and
Improvement
Program. Construction of cell sites near the coastal area and
wired
telecommunication
facilities
(landline);
and
enhancement of water and power system that would facilitate
all households to access/connect.
6.3. ENVIRONMENT SECTOR

6.3.1. Vision: Life Sustaining and Clean and Green
Environment Adaptive To Climate Change
1. Policies on Idle Lands. It aims to formulate a local policy on
idle lands to increase collection of tax and to maximize the
highest and best use of the land.
2. Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Plan.
Formulation of DRRM Plan as well as procurement of additional
equipment and upgrading of facilities for disaster and
emergency response.
3. Urban Greening. It includes promotion of Gulayan sa

Bakuran Project - home grown planting of vegetables.
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4. Waste Management Program. Establishment of controlled

landfill/Materials
Recovery
Facility
(MRF)
and
strict
implementation and monitoring scheme on waste disposal and
environmental related projects.
5. Forest and Wildlife Protection Program. It aims to
implement Barangay Reforestation, Wildlife Preservation,
reinforcement of environmental protection laws in Bataan
National Park, and formulation and strict implementation of
Forest Land Use Plan (FLUP).
6. Environmental Awareness Program. This includes conduct
of educational program on the protection, preservation, and
conservation of environment and natural resources; and
maintenance of cleanliness and livability of the environment.
7. Sustainable mechanism for enhanced Coastal Resource
Management (CRM). It refers to the proper monitoring and
evaluation of the implementation of existing CRM of Bagac.
6.4. SOCIAL SERVICES SECTOR

6.4.1. Vision: God-Loving Citizenry
1. Peace and Order Program. Strict implementation of
Barangay Curfew, creation of Cops-on-the Block Project to
increase police and auxiliary force visibility, construction of
tourist assistance post/ barangay tanod post, and installation
of CCTV on strategic points.
2. Health Care Delivery Program. Intensify the monitoring
and evaluation of programs in term of health services such as
improvement of PhilHealth programs and Pantawid Pamilyang
Pilipino Program for Bagac residents, free hospitalization
services, provision of additional medical supplies and
medicines, and regular conduct of Responsible Parenthood
Program.
3. Productive Programs for the Youth. Creation of various
youth programs to decrease the number of Children in Conflict
with the Law (CICL).
4. Educational Programs for IP and PWDs. Program to
encourage the IPs and PWDs to study and value education.
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6.4.2. Vision: Empowered People

1. Technical Skills Development Program. Program that will
encourage the people of Bagac (Out-of-School Youth, Mothers,
PWD's and Elderly) to acquire TESDA certificates to improve
knowledge and skills according to market demand.
2. Literacy and Educational Program. Program intended to
increase the literacy of its constituents through Information
and Education Campaign (IEC), Gawad Parangal for Schools
with High Literacy Rate, Balik-Aral Program and scholarship
grant for less fortunate but deserving students. Programs will
be implemented with the help of education sector.
3. Community Participation Enhancement. Information,
education and communication campaign for the residents of
Bagac such as Ugnayan sa Barangay or Dalaw sa Barangay
Program.
4. Social Welfare Programs. Improvement of existing
equipment and additional personnel on health and social
welfare, conduct of Feeding Programs to address the
increasing malnutrition prevalence rate of the Municipality,
and Physical Fitness Program especially for the elderly.
5. Program for Handling of Informal Settlers. Program aims
to decrease the number of informal settlers in Bagac though
provision of affordable socialized housing program in
governments identified resettlement sites.
6.5. INSTITUTIONAL SECTOR

6.5.1. Vision: Committed and Competent Governance
1. Trainings/Capacity Development Programs. These are the
programs to increase knowledge and competency of local
government officials and employees by pursuing continuous
education and attending seminars and specialized trainings.
2. Educational Training Program. This program aims to fully
require
local
government
personnel
who
attended
seminars/training to conduct a re-echo seminar.
3. Computerization Program. This program aims to establish a
reliable and efficient official website and computerized systems
for the Municipality of Bagac to streamline and speed-up
government transactions. This program also
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3
FINAL DRAFT

facilitate the creation of a designated IT office that will cater

the local computerization related projects and maintenance of
the website.
4. Strict Implementation of Local Government Projects.
This policy direction aims to intensify the monitoring and
evaluation of local programs and projects as well as to
encourage community participation in any government
endeavors.
5. Update of Revenue Code. This policy will facilitate increase
and maximize generation of local revenues to lessen IRA
dependency.
6. Enhancement of Transparency in the Municipality. This
program
will
promote
transparency
and
encourage
implementation of full disclosure policy.
7. Creation of a Suggestion Box. This aims to bring the
government close to the people through provision of
suggestion box to be situated in Bagac Municipal Hall for
complaints and suggestions of constituents and visitors.
8. Publication of Citizen Charter. Publication of citizens
guidebook intended for residents and clients of Bagac which
will serve as manual in everyday government transactions
with local official and employees of the Municipality of Bagac.
The Municipal Government of Bagac must be able to prioritize its
programs and projects in order to attain its objective. Setting
priorities according to a set criterion aims to maximize the use of
limited time and resources. Aside from the 20% development fund
that help to support local development projects, Bagac should look
for another resources or venture with other financing schemes to
implement the above mentioned PPPAs.
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ANNEX
List of Technical Working Group (TWG)

Result of the Visioning Workshop
Result of the SWOT Analysis Workshop
Summary Table of PPPAs
Gaps and Future Needs per Sector (Land Requirement)
Attendees during the Workshops
Pictures during the Workshops
175
FINAL DRAFT

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Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP) 20142028

Chapter 1 presents the critical role of a Comprehensive Land Use

1.1. LEGAL MANDATE AND DIRECTIONS FOR

The State is in-charge of the management of the whole

Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP) 20142028

The State shall also concentrate on developing areas in

It shall promote an orderly development and create just

Land are to be distributed accordingly and a certain

Social responsibility of property owners and the right to

b. The Local Government Code of 1991. The Local

upon strengthening the Housing and Land Use Regulatory

Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP) 20142028

e. Department of Interior and Local Government (DILG)

Moreover, CLUP is translated into a legal document known as the

It is a long term plan. It is designed to guide the land

It is comprehensive, both in geographic and sectoral scope. It

Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP) 20142028

development sectors (social, economic, environmental,

It serves several functions such as the following:

Guide the overall physical growth and development of the

Identify a development strategy that guides land utilization;

Protect and conserve the Municipality's natural resources;

Regulate land uses in the Municipality that will encourage

Propose a spatial strategy that guides its urban and rural

Mitigate the adverse effects of development decisions and

Involve the Municipality stakeholders in the implementation

The formulation of Bagac CLUP is guided by a set of planning

The CLUP is concerned with improving peoples access to land

Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP) 20142028

disabilities, safe environment for women, equitable

The CLUP ensures the protection of peoples lives and assets

It aims to improve and maintain environmental quality in

It promotes a more livable settlement pattern in Bagac

Bagac is committed in protecting its prime agricultural lands

The CLUP shall preserve important buildings, structures and

The formulation of the Bagac CLUP has undergone a very

consulted to ensure that their concerns and perspectives were

Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP) 20142028

1.2. PLANNING APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY

Figure 1.1. HLURB Planning Process

Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP) 20142028

(MPDO), the TWG is in-charge of the overall planning and

new development. The output of this process will be used in

Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP) 20142028

preserve in certain areas. Both the constraints and potentials

1.3. LINKAGES WITH OTHER PLANS

the emerging industry of the country. The PTDP serves as a guide of

Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP) 20142028

also clustered the province accordingly. Each cluster has a strategic

Figure 1.2. Philippine Tourism Development Plan

Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP) 20142028

The said plan is concerned in attaining three main goals namely:

Figure 1.3. PTDPs Goals and Strategies

Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP) 20142028

Figure 1.4. Central Luzon W-Growth Corridor

Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP) 20142028

1.3.3. Provincial Development Plans

1.3.4. Other Local Plans

Comprehensive Land Use Plan (CLUP) 20142028

VISION, DEVELOPMENT GOALS, AND

2.1. VISION STATEMENT

2.1.1. The Role of Bagac in the Province of Bataan