Leccture--3

4.3. Log
g-periodicc antennass:
A log-period
dic antenna is an anteenna havingg a structuural geometrry such thaat its
impedancce and radiaation characcteristics rep
peat periodiccally as thee logarithm of frequenccy. In
actual practice, the variation
v
oveer the frequency band off operation iss minor, andd the log-perriodic
antennas are usually considered to
t be frequen
ncy independdent antennaas.
Although
A
num
mber of log
g-periodic sttructures hass been repoorted in the literature, in the
section so
ome typical structures arre explained
d without dettailed analyssis.
Examplee 1:

l
ally periodic antennas.
Fig. 4.5 Planeer and wire logarithmica
This stru
ucture is charracterized by
y the geomettric ratio

Rn
Rn1

rn
Rn1

And the width

w
of the antenna slott

If two freequencies f1 and f2 are on

ne period apart, then

f1
,
f2

f2 > f 1

Examplee 2:

Fig.4
4.6 Planer an
nd wire trapeezoidal toothhed log-perioodic antennas.
The operrational perfformance off these anteennas is the same as thhat of the structure shoow in
Example-1
Examplee 3:

Fig.4.7 Metal strip

p log-period
dic configuraation and anttenna structuure
In ( r , , ) co-ordinaate system, th
he shape of this
t antenna structure is given by

Periodic function of [b
[ ln(r)]
where b is
i a constantt and r speciffics the leng
gth from the origin.
Examplee 4: (Dipole array)

Fig.4.8 Dipole arrray

It consistts of a sequeence of sidee-by-side parrallel linear dipoles form
ming a coplaanar array. These
arrays sh
how high direectivities (7--12dB) over a wide banddwidth.
These
T
arrays are characteerized by

ln1 Rn 1 d n 1 sn 1

ln
Rn
dn
sn

The parameters are shown in Fig

g. (4.8)

Another parameter th
hat is usuallly associated
d with a dipoole array is the spacing factor deefined
by

Rn 1 Rn
2ln 1

To aid th
he design off log-periodiic array, Caarrel proposeed a set of ccurves, as shhown in 4.99. For
example,, we can cho
oose parametters = 0.8 and
a = .12 ffor a predictted gain of 6.5 dBi.

Carrel, Analyysis
Fig.4.9 The parameeters and can be chossen from thiss graph. [Souurce: R. L. C
and desig
gn of log-periodic antenna, Ph.D. Diissertation, E
Elect. Engg. Dept., Univversity of Illiinois,
Univerrsity of Illino
ois, Ann Arbbor, Michigaan]

Two diffferent conneections of the

t dipole array
a
are shhown in Figg. (4.9), witth their radiiation
patterns.

Fig.4.10
0 Log-period
dic dipole arrray connectiions.