Lecture-2

Example: Equiangular spiral antenna

This is one geometrical configuration whose surface can be described by angles.
Specify f ( ) /derivative of f ( ) :

df

f ' ( ) A
d
2

A: a constant, : Dirac delta function

So,

Aea 0 ea ( 0 )
r /2
0

/2
elsewhere

(4.8)

where A 0e a0
In terms of ,

where

A a
e Aea[ In ( )/ a ] Aea ( )

1
In( )
a

Alternatively,

ln tan ln tan (ln ln A)

a A
A
where 1/a: rate of expansion of the spiral, : angle between the radial distance and the
tangent of the spiral .

Fig 4.2
2. Single spiiral
The totall L of the spiiral can be caalculated by:
1/2

2 d 2
L
1 d
d

L ( 1 0 ) 1

1
a2

0 , 1 : innner and outter radii of thhe spiral.

Various geometrical
g
arrangemen
nt of the spirral have beenn used to forrm differentt antenna sysstems
as shown
n in Fig.4.3.

Singlle spiral

Two sp
piral( 0 0, )

Multiple spiral
( 0 0, / 2,3 / 2 )

Fig
g.4.3. spiral wire
w antennaa
ulation can be
b extended to create tw
wo different aantennas. Onne antenna w
would
This anallytical formu
consist of two metalllic arms susp
pended in freee-space [Figg. 4.4(a)] annd the other oof a spiralingg slot
on a larg
ge conducting plane [F
Fig. 4.4(b)]. Both thesee antenna arre tapered tto provide bbetter
matching
g termination
n.

Fig.4.4. Sp
piral plate an
nd slot antennna