Problems on Resistor

1. A filament lamp is rated for 100 W and 110 V. Find the value of the resistance to
be connected in series with this lamp so that it can be operated on a 230 V supply.
What is the power loss in the resistor?

Data : P = 100W. Ul = 110 V. U = 230 V

R = ?. Pr = ?.

To maintain the same power from the lamp, the current, P=VI or P=UI

Pl 100
I = ------- = ------ = 0.9091 A

Ul 110

Kirchhoff’s voltage law

U – Ur – Ul =0

Ur = U – Ul

= 230 – 110

= 120 V

UR
R = ------
I

120
= -------- = 132 ohm
0.9091

Power loss in the resistor

Pr = I2 R = (0.9091)2 x 132
= 109.1 W
2. Across a 220V supply terminal in a house, an electric iron having a resistance of
50 ohm and two incandescent lamps of resistances 450 ohm 800 ohm each are
connected. Find the total current and power taken from the supply mains.

Data : U = 220V; Ri = 50 ohm; Rl1 = 450 ohm. Rl2 = 800 ohm

I = ?. P = ?

This problem can be solved by two methods

Method

1 1 1 1
------ = ---- + ---- + ----
R eqp Ri Rl1 Rl2

= 1 1 1
---- + ----- + ----
50 450 800

= 0.02 + 0.00222 + 0.00125

= 0.02347

Reqp = 42.61 ohm

V 220
I = ---- = ------- = 5.163 A
Reqp 42.61

P = U x I = 220 x 5.163 = 1135.86 W

3. A CFL is rated for 40 W and 110 V. Find the value of the resistance to be
connected in series with this lamp so that it can be operated on a 230 V supply.
What is the power loss in the resistor?

4. Across a 220V supply terminal in a house, an electric milk cooker having a

resistance of 60 ohm and two CF lamps of resistances 420 ohm 780 ohm each are
connected. Find the total current and power taken from the supply mains.
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Received Sony Digital Camera along with the charger, transfer card and warranty card

from Er. I.P. Sudagar Dept of FMC on 15.02.2008

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The Monitor of the Sony Digital Camera was broken by me on

--------------------------------
And it was repaired using warranty card in the Sony Showroom in Madurai
 Lecture 6

Problems on Resistor

1. A filament lamp is rated for 100 W and 110 V. Find the value of the resistance to
be connected in series with this lamp so that it can be operated on a 230 V supply.
What is the power loss in the resistor?

Data : P = 100W. Ul = 110 V. U = 230 V

R = ?. Pr = ?.

To maintain the same power from the lamp, the current, P=VI or P=UI

Pl 100
I = ------- = ------ = 0.9091 A
Ul 110
Kirchhoff’s voltage law

U – Ur – Ul =0

Ur = U – Ul
= 230 – 110
= 120 V

UR
R = ------
I

120
= -------- = 132 ohm
0.9091

Power loss in the resistor

Pr = I2 R = (0.9091)2 x 132
= 109.1 W

2. Across a 220V supply terminal in a house, an electric iron having a resistance of

50 ohm and two incandescent lamps of resistances 450 ohm 800 ohm each are
connected. Find the total current and power taken from the supply mains.

Data : U = 220V; Ri = 50 ohm; Rl1 = 450 ohm. Rl2 = 800 ohm

I = ?. P = ?

This problem can be solved by two methods

Method 1 :

1 1 1 1
------ = ---- + ---- + ----
R eqp Ri Rl1 Rl2

= 1 1 1
---- + ----- + ----
50 450 800

= 0.02 + 0.00222 + 0.00125

= 0.02347
 Reqp = 42.61 ohm

V 220
I = ---- = ------- = 5.163 A
Reqp 42.61

P = U x I = 220 x 5.163 = 1135.86 W

Method 2 :
U 220
Ii = --- = ---- = 4.4 A
Ri 50

U 220
Il1 = --- = ---- = 0.489 A
Rl1 450

U 220
Il2 = --- = ---- = 0.275
Rl2 800

I = Ii + Il1 + Il2 = 4.4 + 0.489 + 0.275

= 5.164 A
Pi = UIi = 220 x 4.4 = 968 W

Pl1 = UIl1 = 220 x 0.489 = 107.58 W

Pl2 = Uil2 = 220 x 0.275 = 60.5 W

P = Pi + Pl1 + Pl2 = 968 + 107.58 + 60.5

= 1136.08 W

3. Find the current in the resistor of 40 ohm.

Equivalent resistance for parallel group across terminals BC

1 1 1 1
--- = --- + --- + ---
RBC R2 R3 R4
 1 1 1
= --- + --- + ---
15 30 40

= 0.067 + 0.033 + 0.025

1
--- = 0.125
RBC

1
RBC = ------- = 8 ohm
0.125

Now, RBC = 8 ohm. R1 = 10 ohm and R5 = 7 ohm

Total resistance across the terminals

RAD = RAB + RBC + RCD

= R1 + RBC + R5
= 10 + 8 + 7 = 25 ohm

Total current

U 250
I = ----- = ----- = 10 A
RAD 25

Voltage drop across the parallel resistors

UBC = IRBC
= 10 x 8 = 80 V

Current through R4 = 40 ohm resistor

UBC 80
I4 = ----- = ----
R4 40

I4 = 2A

4. Calculate the current through the 10 ohm resistor in the network.

Parallel combination of R4 and R5

R4 R5 15 x 10
RBD = ---------- = ------------- = 6 ohm
R 4 + R5 (15 + 10)

Adding RBD with R3

RABD = R3 + RBD = 5 + 6 = 11 ohm

Parallel combination of RABD with R2

R2 x RABD 20 x 11
RAC = ---------------- = ------------ = 7.097 ohm
R2 x RABD (20 + 11)

Total resistance of the circuit

Rt = R1 + RAC = 5 + 7.097 = 12.097 ohm

Therefore,

Total current I1 = U /Rt = 12/12.097 = 0.992 A

UAC = U - I1R1 = 12 – (0.992 x 5) = 7.04 V

I2 = UAC / R2 = 7.04/20 = 0.352 A

I3 = I1 - I2 = 0.992 – 0.352 = 0.64 A

Current through 10 ohm resistor

R4 15
I5 = I3 x ----------- = 0.64 x ------------ = 0.384 A
R 4 + R5 (15 + 10)

Check :

UBC = UAC – I3 R3 = 7.04 – (0.64 x 5) = 3.84

I5 = UBC / R5 = 3.84/10 = 0.384 A