RDP160

Introduction to SAP HANA Data Modeling

Christoph Morgen | SAP HANA Product Management

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Agenda
SAP HANA Modeling Overview
SAP HANA Information Models

Hands-On Exercises Overview

Workshop Scenario
Section 1 Designing Basic Attribute- and Analytic-Views
Section 2 & 3 Enhancing Attribute- and Analytic-Views
Section 4 (Optional) Advanced Multi-dimensional Model Scenarios

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SAP HANA Modeling Overview

SAP HANA Information Models

SAP HANA Modeling Views - Overview

Data and Processing in SAP HANA
In-Memory Data Stores: Column- and Row Store
Optimized for Query and OLTP Workload
SQL & OLAP Processing and specific Calculation Operators
Application Function Library for specific Scenarios, e.g. Predictive Analytics

Modeling in SAP HANA

Information Models (SAP HANA Views) are optimized for SAP HANA Engines and Calculation Operators
Data/Columns are classified as Attributes or Measures in SAP HANA Views
Attributes descriptive data (known as Characteristics in SAP BW terminology)
Measures data that can be quantified and calculated (known as key figures in SAP BW)
No materialized aggregates
Three levels of modeling: Attribute View > Analytic View > Calculation View
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SAP HANA Modeling Views - Overview

Attribute Views
Analytic Views
Calculation Views
Compose a dimensional view
Combines Fact-Tables with
Great flexibility for advanced use
with a series of attributes derived Attribute-Views to Star-Schema- Approach to model custom
from a collection of tables
or OLAP Cube-like objects for
scenarios like
e.g. Master Data Views
multidimensional reporting.
Combined use of Multiple-Fact
Highly re-used and shared in
Stores no aggregates and massTables/Analytics Views
Analytic- and Calculation Views
aggregates on the fly
Build Models on Normalized Data
Used to build Hierarchies
Hierarchies are key for multi Re-Use and stack views
Hierarchies are key elements in
dimensional access (navigation,
Make use of custom scripted views
use with Analytic View for multifiltering, slicing and aggregation)
dimensional reporting

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SAP HANA Modeling Views - Multidimensional Model Scenario

Reporting Tools can usually
directly consume HANA
Calculation Views or
Analytic Views.

Calculation View

Multidimensional Tools support

Hierarchies for Navigation,
Filtering and Aggregation and
HANA Prompts (Variables &
Input Parameters) for efficient
Pre-Filtering of Data.

Calculation Views
are usually build upon
Analytic-, AttributeViews, and Column
Tables

Analytical View

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Attribute View

Column Table

SAP HANA Modeling Views - Normalized Data Model Scenario

SAP HANA Calculation

Views provide the means to
model sophisticate views
based on normalized data
structures.

SAP HANA Calculation Views

typically feed data to Business
Applications, like SAP HANA XS
build Applications

Complex Calculation
Views demand a more
explicit intent and control
of the modeled set-based
data flow, i.e. slicing,
aggregation and filtering
of sets as input to joins,
unions etc.

See SAP Note 1857202

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The SAP HANA Studio Model Editor

Model Scenario

General View Properties, Semantic Information

The Graphical Model Editor

Standardized graphical editing across
different SAP HANA view types
Build of different common panels
Scenario provides Overview
Semantic node provides better summary
of output structure of the model
+ editor view of output objects
+ general view properties
Logical-Join- and Data Foundation-Nodes
are specific to Attribute- and Analytic Views
Calculation-Views are modeled in the scenario panel
based on a palette of node-objects like join, union, etc.
to compose a custom data flow.

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Logical Join of Data Foundation & Dimensions

Data Foundation

Hands-On Exercises Overview

Workshop Scenario

Section 1 Designing Basic Attribute- and Analytic-Views

Section 2 and 3 Enhancing Analytic-Views
Section 4 (Optional) Advanced Scenarios

Exercise Scenario
The Enterprise Procurement Data Model
Two Primary Entities:
Sales Orders
Purchase Orders
Supporting Entities:
Employees
Partners (Customers, Suppliers)
Addresses
Texts
Products
Infrastructure Entities
Currency Rates
Unit of Measures
See Appendix

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Exercise Scenario
The Enterprise Procurement Data Model

Sales Order

Purchase Order

ITelO

Customer

Supplier

Goods
Receipt

Goods
Issue

Invoice

Sales
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Invoice

Stock

Procurement
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Exercise Section 1
Designing Basic Attribute- and Analytic-Views

Analytic View

1.3 Explore the

Analytic View with
SAP Lumira

1.1 Build a Customer

Attribute View

1.4 Enhance with

Calculated
Attributes

1.2 Build an Analytic View

with Sales Orders and
Customer Attribute View
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Attribute View

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Exercise Section 2
Enhancing Analytic-Views
2.3 HANA Variables
for Prompted
Filtering

2.1 Build a Product

Attribute View
(incl. Text Join, Hierarchies)

2.2 Build a Analytic View with

Sales Orders, Products, Time
and Customer Information
(+join Order and OrderItem Data)

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Exercise Section 3
Enhancing Analytic-Views
3.1 Using prompted
HANA parameters for
dynamic calculations

3.2 Using HANA Unit

Conversion (Optional)

3.3 Using HANA

Currency Conversion

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Exercise Section 4 (Optional Section)

Advanced Multi-dimensional Model Scenarios
4.1 Using Temporal
Joins with changing
attribute data

4.3 Calculation Views

with DistinctCounts
and AnalyticViews

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4.2 Making use of

dynamic Analytic
Priviliges

4.4 Combining Actualsand Plan-Measures in

Calculation Views

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Hands-On Time.
Now its your time! Good Luck!

SAP HANA General Modeling Principles

Client / Application

Avoid transfer data of large resultsets between the HANA DB and client
application
A

- Do calculation after aggregation.

- Avoid Complex expressions (IF, CASE, ... )

Calculation Views

Attribute
Views

Analytical
Views

Reduce data transfer between views

A

Aggregate data records (e.g using GROUP BY,

reducing Coulmns)

Join on Key Columns or Indexed Columns

Avoid calculations before aggregation

on line item level
A

Column
Store
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Filter data amount as early as possible in

the lower layers (CONSTRAINTS,
WHERE Clause, Analytical Privileges..)

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Further Information

SAP Public Web

scn.sap.com http://scn.sap.com/community/developer-center/hana
www.sap.com www.saphana.com

SAP Education and Certification Opportunities

www.sap.com/education

Watch SAP TechEd Online

www.sapteched.com/online

Related Workshops/Lectures at SAP TechEd 2013

RDP361 - SAP HANA Modeling Workshop, Hands-On

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