1. Personal Pronouns.

Singular:
Yo (I)
T (You)
l /Ella/ Ello (He/ she/ it)
Plural:
Nosotros (We)
Vosotros (You)
Ellos/Ellas (They)

2. Possessive Pronouns.
We can see 2 types of possesive pronouns:
my
mi(s)

This is my house.
sta es mi casa.

your
tu(s), de ti / su(s), de usted

This is your book.

ste es tu libro. / ste es su libro.

his
su(s), de l

This is his bicycle.

sta es su bicicleta.

her
su(s), de ella

This is her dress.

ste es su vestido.

its
su(s)

This is its (the cats) home.

sta es su casa (la casa del gato).

our
nuestro(s), de nosotros

These are our suitcases.

stas son nuestras maletas.

your
vuestro(s) / su(s), de

These are your seats.

stos son vuestros asientos. / stos son sus

ustedes

asientos.

their
su(s), de ellos

These are their books.

stos son sus libros.

And the second type is:

mine
mo(s)

This book is mine.

Este libro es mo.

yours
tuyo(s) / suyo(s)

Is this book yours?

Este libro es tuyo? / Este libro es suyo?

his
suyo(s)

This bicycle is his.

Esta bicicleta es de l.

hers
suyo(s)

The dress is hers.

El vestido es de ella.

its
su(s)

The house is its (the cats).

La casa es suya (del gato).

ours
nuestro(s)

The suitcases are ours.

Las maletas son nuestras.

yours
vuestro(s) / suyo(s)

These seats are yours.

Estos asientos son vuestros. / Estos asientos son suyos.

theirs
suyo(s)

This pencil is theirs.

Este lpiz es de ellos.

3. Demonstrative Pronouns.

this (este/a/o)
that (ese/a/o, aqul, aquello/a)
these (estos/as)
those (esos/as, aquellos/as)

4. Reflexive Pronouns.
myself
yo mismo, a m

I saw it myself.
Yo mismo lo vi.

yourself
t mismo (a t), usted
mismo (a usted)

Dont burn yourself!

No te quemes! / No se queme!

himself
l mismo a s mismo

He hurt himself.
Se hizo dao.

herself
ella misma, a s misma

She did it herself.

Lo hizo ella misma.

itself
l mismo, a s mismo

The cat scratched itself.

El gato se rasc.

ourselves
nosotros mismos

We made it ourselves.
Lo hemos hecho nosotros mismos.

yourselves
vosotros mismos, ustedes
mismos

Did you paint the house yourselves?

Pintasteis la casa vosotros mismos? / Pintaron
la casa ustedes mismos?

themselves
ellos mismos

They were speaking to themselves.

Ellos hablaban consigo mismos.

5. Sentence structure.

In spain the formation of a sentence always have 2 important parts that always appear in
every sentence:
The subject and the predicate. (El sujeto y el predicado) The subject is the the
person, animal or thing that performs the action of the verb or who says something and
the predicate is the rest of the sentence since the verb. In syntax, a predicate is the
constituent of the sentence that provides information about the subject.
In spanish we have like in english different types of sentences.

Afirmative sentences (Oraciones afirmativas)

The formation is:

Subject + Verb + Complement (Sujeto + Verbo + Complemento)
Example:
El perro tiene una pelota. (The dog has a ball)
El perro = Subject
tiene = Verb
una pelota = Complement

*Sometimes the verb appear before than the subject, that its a pasive sentence, but we
wont learn that yet. (first basically things)
Example:
En ese momento entraron los invitados (In that moment entered the guests)
*Another times the subject doesnt appear in the sentence, and you have to find it
looking the tense of the verb and choosing the correct person of plurar or singular.
Example:
Compraron un coche nuevo la semana pasada (Bought a new car last week)
Who bought the car? - the subject in this sentence is They First person of plural.
(I think you can look it better in spanish because we have differents ends for every
person and every tense of the verbs)

Negative Sentences (Oraciones Negativas)

The formation is:

In Spanish, the negative form is obtained writing no before the conjugated verb.
Example:
Melvin no quiere jugar (Melvin doesnt want to play) Our no is like your dont/doesnt

* When we want to put more force when we express negation we sometimes use 2 times
the adverb no.
* We have to the double negation in spanish formed:

no ... (a) nadie

Ejemplo:
No veo a nadie en la calle. (I dont see anyone on the street.)

no ... nada

Ejemplo:
No hay nada ms bonito. (There is nothing nicer.)

no ... nunca/jams

Ejemplo:
No voy a ir nunca a ese pas. (I will never go to this country.)

no ... tampoco

Ejemplo:
Yo no lo s tampoco. (I do not know either.)

no ... ningn

Ejemplo:
No conozco ningn buen dentista. (I do not know any good dentist.)

no ... ni ... ni

Ejemplo:
Eso no tiene ni pies ni cabeza. (It has neither head nor tail.)
*But in englisg for example the word anything (nada) is not consider negative,
because the translation is positive (algo in spanish) Therefore in english doesnt exist
the double negation like in spanish.

6. Interrogative Sentences.
In Spanish, questions are usually between two question marks (?). They can be
classified in total questions (yes-no) or partial and direct or indirect.
The formation of this sentences its the same than the afirmative clauses but writed
between ?.
Example:

Do you like to go to the cinema? Te gusta ir al cine?

Can i go with you? Puedo ir contigo?
Do you like to buy popcorn? Quieres comprar palomitas?
*The normal answer for these sentences is usually yes (si) or not (no).

Another types of interrogative sentence in spanish are questions can not be answered
with a yes or no, if you need more information has been provided.
Example:
What are you going to see? - An action movie. (Qu vas a ver? Una pelcula de
accin.)
For the last type of interrogative sentences you need to use the interrogative
pronoums:

WHO (Quien/ Quienes)

WHAT (Qu)
WHICH (Cual/Cuales)
WHOSE (De quien / de quienes)
WHEN (Cuando)
WHERE (Donde)
HOW (Cmo)

Examples:
Who was the creator of our flag?
Quin fue el creador de nuestra bandera?
What did he say before leaving?
Qu dijo antes de irse?
Which South American country do you want to visit?
Cul pas sudamericano quiere visitar?
Whose house is this?
De quin es esta casa?
Whose books have you finally bought?
Los libros de quin has comprado finalmente?

When is your birthday?

Cundo es tu cumpleaos?
Where are you going tomorrow?
Adnde vas maana?
How are you today?
Cmo ests hoy?