REGIONAL MATHEMATICAL OLYMPIAD - 2016

Time : 3 Hrs.

Max. Marks : 102

MATHEMATICS
Q.1
Sol.

Date : 16-10-2016

Let ABC be a triangle and D be the mid-point of BC. Suppose the angle bisector of ADC is tangent to the
circumcircle of triangle ABD at D. Prove that A = 90.
In the figure
B
x
D
x
x

A
E
ADE = ABD = x{Let} {angle in alternate segment}
ADE = EDC {DE if angle bisector}
In ABD
ADC = DBA + DAB {exterior angle prop.}
2x = x + CDAB
DAB = x
So, ABD is isos. Triangle
AD = BD
Also BD = DC and D is the mid point of BC
AD = DC
So DAC = DCA = y {Let}
In ABC
x + x + y + y = 180
x + y = 90
A = 90
Q.2

Sol.

Let a, b, c be the three distinct positive real numbers such that abc = 1. Prove that
a3
b3
c3
+
+
3.
(a b)(a c)
( b c)(b a )
(c a )(c b)
a3
b3
c3
+
+
3
(a b)(a c)
( b c)(b a )
(c a )(c b)

LHS

a 3 ( b c) b 3 (c a ) c 3 (a b)
(a b)(a c)(b c)

a 3 b a 3c b3c b3a c 3a c 3b
(a b)(a c)(b c)

ab(a b)(a b) c(a b)(a 2 ab b 2 ) c 3 (a b)

(a b)(a c)(b c)

CAREER POINT : 128, Shakti Nagar, Kota - 324009 (Raj.), Ph: 0744-2503892

(a b)[a 2 b ab 2 ca 2 abc cb 2 c 3 ]
(a b)(a c)(b c)

(a b)[ab(a c) b 2 (a c) c(a c)(a c)]

(a b)(a c)(b c)

(a b) (a c) [ab + b2 ca c2]

(a b)(a c)(b c)(a b c)

(a b)(a c)(b c)

a+b+c
By A.M. G.M. ineq.

a bc

abc

a bc
1
3

a + b + c 3.

Q.3

Let a, b, c, d, e, f be positive integers such that

a
c
e
<
< .
b
d
f

Suppose af be = 1. Show that d b + f.

Sol.

Given

a
c
e
<
<
b
d
f

(i)

and af be = 1
Since a, b, c, d, e are natural numbers so ad, bc, cf and de are also natural numbers.
From (i) ad < bc ad bc 1

(ii)

cf < de cf de 1

(iii)

Equation (2) f & (3) b

adf bcf f

bcf bde b

adf bde b f
b + f bde adf
b + f (be af).d

(iv)

Now af be = 1
be af = 1
By equation (iv) b + f d
db+f
Q.4

There are 100 countries participating in an olympiad. Suppose n is a positive integer such that each of the
100 countries is willing to communicate in exactly n languages. If each set of 20 countries can communicate
in at least one common language, and no language is common to all 100 countries, what is the minimum
possible value of n.

CAREER POINT : 128, Shakti Nagar, Kota - 324009 (Raj.), Ph: 0744-2503892

Sol.

Let C1, C2, C3, C4 . C99, C100 are 100 different countries
L1, L2, L3, L4 . are different languages
C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6, C7 .. C95, C96, C97, C98, C99, C100
(1) L1, L1, L1, L1, L1, .. L1

All C1 to C99 can

speak L1 but C100
cannot speak L1

(2) L2, L2, L2, L2 L2, L2, L2

(3) L3, L3, L3, L3, L3 ........................... L3, L3
(4) L4, , L4, L4, L4 L4, L4, L4
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
(20) L20, L20, L20, L20, L20, L20 (except for C10 all have L20)
(21) C1, C2, C3, C4 C10, C91, C92, C93, C94 C100 have a new common language L21.
After 1st and 2nd step we can make any group of 20 countries from C1 C99 and C2 C100 but we cannot form
the group in which both C1 and C100 occurs.
After 3rd step we can make group with C1and C100 together but not C1, C99, C100.
In the next step 4 we can make a group with C1, C99, C100 but we can not make a group in which C1, C2, C99,
C100 occurs.
So after 20th step we cannot make only one group of 20 countries C1, C2 C9, C10, C91, C92, C93
C99, C100
.
So in 21st step we can also make the group C1, C2 C9, C10, C91, C92, C93 C99, C100 because the
have common language L21.
So we need 21 steps therefore every country needs to speak minimum 20 languages among these 21
languages.
Hence each of the 100 countries is willing to communicate in exactly 20 languages (n = 20).
Q.5

Sol.

Let ABC be a right-angled triangle with B = 90. Let I be the incentre of ABC. Extend AI and CI; let them
intersect BC in D and AB in E respectively. Draw a line perpendicular to AI at I to meet AC in J; draw a line
perpendicular to CI at I to meet AC in K. Suppose DJ = EK. Prove that BA = BC.
1
B
AIC = 90 +
2
A

K
E

45
I

B
So, AIC = 135
AIK = AIE = 45
In AIE and AIK
EAI = KAI {AI is angle bisector}

45
45
45
D

CAREER POINT : 128, Shakti Nagar, Kota - 324009 (Raj.), Ph: 0744-2503892

AIE = AIK {both 45}

AI = AI
{common}
By ASA criteria
AIE AIK
Similarly CID CIJ
EI = DI
DBI = EBI
So by AAS criteria
BIE BID
IDB = IEB
And BE = BD
Now, in ABD and CBE
BD = BE
ADB = CBE
By ASA criteria
ABD CBE
AB = BC
Q.6

Sol.

(a) Given any natural number N, prove that there exists a strictly increasing sequence of N positive integers
in harmonic progression.
(b) Prove that there cannot exist a strictly increasing infinite sequence of positive integers which is in
harmonic progression.
(a) consider a decreasing A.P. for any natural number n
n n 1 n 2
2 1
,
, .. , ,
,
n! n!
n!
n! n!
n 1 n
1
Its common difference d =
=
n!
n!
So corresponding H.P. is
n! n!
n!
n!
,
,
, .
n n 1 n 2
1
n!
n!
Clearly
>
for every n
n 1
n
So it is an increasing H.P.
(b) Let a1, a2, a3 . is an increasing H.P. and all terms a1, a2, a3 .. are positive terms of H.P.
1
an =
1
( n 1)d
a1
Where d =
an =

1
1
1
1

a2
a1
a3
a2

1
now for
1
d nd
a1

1
a 1 (1 x)
the terms of H.P. will be negative hence there cannot exist a strictly increasing H.P. of infinite positive
integers.

d>

CAREER POINT : 128, Shakti Nagar, Kota - 324009 (Raj.), Ph: 0744-2503892

CAREER POINT : 128, Shakti Nagar, Kota - 324009 (Raj.), Ph: 0744-2503892