*

1 1 2 1,3
(1. 116024
2. 361005
3. 150090)
,
,

OpenSees

Client/Server OpenSees

OpenSees
TP273

(5126112037691315301-12)
(1989-)Emailbaoyin_sun@126.com(1987-)
Emailzpz_87@163.com(1974-)Emailquangu@xmu.edu.cn (1959-)
Emailoujinping@dlut.edu.cn

[1]
GPU [2]

[3-5]

1
Fig. 1 Sketch of numerical substructure method

2.1

2.1.1

2 i
3 v1v2v3
2
1



[6] 4 i
1
i+1


2 0.1% 1%

eRMS

1 N
X i Yi / max X
N i 1

(2)

i N Xi Yi
i

i+1

2
Fig. 2 Procedure of element replacement method
v2
x

v1

v3

fe bT s e dx bT k s bvdx
L

(3)

v s(e)ks
b ,4

Fig. 3 Deformation and force of element

v1

L
e x
6 x 4 v2 + 6 x 2 v3
2

L2 L
L L

(1)

e(x) x

fy

y
y

2.1.2

3 fe

4
Fig. 4 Sketch of element replacement

OpenSees [7] 2
replaceBeamColumn

1
L
b
0

0
6x 4

L2 L

6x 2

L2 L
0

(4)

g(x)=bTksbvks
g(x) 2 Newton Cotes
[8] 2 3

0.4fc
[9] 6 fc

i
2
i+1

i+1

[12] OpenSees ABAQUS

7
5 m
b1b2 s
Ri i Fi i
Fij i j
(Fij=-Fji)6

5
Fig. 5 Procedure of updating integral point method

Fb2

Fm

R m
cu

ft

cy
Ec

Fb1m

t or cy
6
Fig. 6 Sketch of updating of integral point of element

OpenSees 5
updateIntBeamColumn

2
1%

2.2
[10][11]

Fsb2

Fb1
R b1

f cu
0.4 f c
fc

Fb2 s

Fb2b1
Fmb1

ub 2

Fb1b2

ub1

R b 2

7
Fig. 7 Sketch of isolation of substructure

R m Fb1m Fm

Fmb1 R b1 Fb2 b1 Fb1

Fb1b2 R b2 Fsb2 Fb2

F R F
s
s
b2 s
K mm

K b1m
0

K mb1

K b1b1

K b1b2

K b2 b1

K b2b2

K sb2

a
b
c
d

(5)

0 du m dFm

0 du b1 dFb1

(6)
K b2 s du b2 dFb2

K ss du s dFs

Kij dui i

ub1 Fb1
ub2 Fb2

a
b

u b1 Nu b2

Fb2 b1 NFb1b2

(7)

N N

I. i

II. uib
1

III. 7a uib
1

u (5c)5d NR
i
b2

Fb2 s Fb2 s ub2 5c Fb1b2

Fb1b2 ub2 87 Fb2b1

Fb b ub 9
1 2

Fb1b2
ub2

R b2 Fsb2 Fb2
u b2

= R

b2

Fsb2

(8)

u b2

Fb2 b1 NF
b1b2 N R b2 Fsb2 Fb2

R F (9)
F
N
Fb2b1 NF
N
b1b2
b2
sb2
b1b2
=

Nub2
Nub2
Nub2
ub1

tclClientElement
Client ub
1

Server

Fb m K mb
1

Client
Client

3.1
[14] 15 3

IV. Fb2b1 Fb b ub

5a5b
10 NR ui+111 525
GB 50017-2003 8 II
Ki 12
El-centrol
Fm Fb m R m
(10)
=

0
400Gal 8

Fb Fmb Fb b R b

8-9
i 1
i
u m
u m
i 1
i 1 i
u = K
(11) 12
u b
ub
8

i
K mb
K mm K mb

i
2-4 7-10

K i
Fb b

Kb b Kb m
u K b m
ub

0.4
2 1

1 2

2 1

1 1

(m)

(12)
V. i=i+1 II IV

Client/Server(CS)
[13]
OpenSees

0.2
0
-0.2
-0.4
0

10

12

14

16

18

20

(s)

8
Fig. 8 Top floor displacement time-history curve of steel

400Gal
3

structure
750

(kN)

450

2 :mm

150
-150
-450
-750

10

12

14

16

18

20

(s)

1-7
8-11
12-18

750x750
700x700
650x650

(/)

300x500
300x500
300x500

1256/628
942/628

C40 HRB335 HPB235

Fig. 9 Base shear force time-history curve of steel structure

30

(mm)

15
0
-15
-30
0

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

(s)

10
Fig. 10 Top floor displacement curve of RC structure
60

(kN)

600Gal 800Gal

2 1

1%2%

2.4

()
760
760
379

30

-30
0

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

(s)

11
Fig. 11 Base shear force curve of RC structure
90

400
600
800

/s

402
139
401
163
419
177

(%)1

6.29
13.52
16.76

2.9
2.5
2.4

eMRS /%

0.97
2.07
1.10
1.87
0.98
1.80

75

/gal

60
45
30

1. 2.

15

10

12

14

16

18

20

(s)

12

3.2
Fig. 12 Time-history curves of the replaced elements
GB50010-2010
7 II
3
18 5
eMRS /%
/s

2 1999

(%)

/gal

TTN051 Chi-Chi
35
435
228
0.0
1.9
0.59
0.18
220
461
258
22.7
1.8
0.62
0.54
220Gal
400
468
274
39.9
1.7
0.61
0.60

3
10-11
0.1%0.7%
12 7
7
3-14
1.9
35Gal

3.3

4 3
tclClientElement

13

Pushover

14

13 (mm)
Fig. 13 Example of isolation of substructure (unit: mm)

400
350

kN

8
1.7

300
250
200
150
100

50
0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

0.25

0.3

14
Fig. 14 Comparison of overall response of different models

1
OpenSees

replaceBeamColumn updateIntBeamColumn

CS OpenSees
tclClientElement

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[J]. . 2009(06): 67-76.

(YE Lie-ping, LU Xin-zheng, ZHAO Shi-chun, etc.
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[J]. .
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Numerical substructure method for nonlinear structural analysis

SUN Bao-yin1, ZHANG Pei-zhou1,GU Quan2, OU Jin-ping1,3
(1. Faculty of Infrastructure Engineering Dalian University of Technology, Liao Ning, Dalian 116024;
2. School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Xiamen University, Fu Jian, Xiamen 361005;
3. School of Civil Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Hei Longjiang, Harbin 150090)
Abstract: According to seismic damage analysis of structures, the whole structure might fail due to the
serious damages of some key structural members. In spite of this, it was observed that most structural
members might keep elastic and experience small deformation during the process. Thus it is unnecessary to

use nonlinear models for the whole structures during the entire process of seismic analysis. A novel modeling
methodology, named numerical substructure method, is presented considering the demands of computational
efficiency and accuracy, including dynamic replacement substructure method and isolation substructure
method. In the first method, once an elastic structural members (e.g. steel members and reinforced concrete
members) yielded, it was replaced in the element and section levels by a nonlinear model. In the isolation
substructure method, the key members were isolated from the master structure, and a refined FE model for
each member was built in another platform. The data transfer (e.g. displacement, force and tangent stiffness)
between master structure and substructure was achieved by using CS technique. The above numerical
substructure methods were implemented into a general finite element framework, OpenSees, to verify the
newly developed numerical substructure method.Two steel frames and a RC frame subject to both static and
dynamic loading conditions were taken as application examples. The analysis results using dynamic
replacement elements model agree well with that using normal fiber element model, while the computational
time greatly reduced, although this advantages become less remarkable with increasing number of members
yielded and replaced; the data transfer between master structure and substructures are efficient and accurate,
enabling isolation substructure method to be potentially used in large scale structural elastic-plastic analysis.
Key words: numerical substructure; elastic-plastic; computational efficiency; fiber model; OpenSees