Multiple Valve

Jump Start: Multiple Valve Analysis in Aspen HYSYS
and Aspen Plus

A Brief Tutorial (and supplement to training and online documentation)
Anum Qassam, Product Management, Aspen Technology, Inc.
Jennifer Dyment, Product Marketing, Aspen Technology, Inc.
2014 Aspen Technology, Inc. AspenTech, aspenONE, the Aspen leaf logo, the aspenONE logo, and OPTIMIZE are trademarks of Aspen Technology, Inc. All rights reserved.11-5786-0614
Jump Start: Multiple Valve Analysis in Aspen HYSYS and Aspen Plus
Table of Contents
Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Initial Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
Adding A Valve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Editing Valve Details . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
General Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4
Valve-Specific Inputs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
PRD Specifics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
Pressure Relief Device (PRD) Selection. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Sizing Scenario Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Designing the Multi-Valve System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Sizing Scenario Quick Reference. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Multiple Valve Calculation Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Multiple Valve Configuration Table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Displaying Rating Estimates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
Conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
References. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Additional Resources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
CVb
Introduction
In any facility with high pressure vessels, a complex system may have several independent events or scenarios that
result in pressurization of the equipment above the maximum allowable working pressure. Choosing one valve
configuration to satisfy all scenarios can be a difficult process, because selecting a valve that satisfies the contingency
with the largest required relieving load may cause the same valve to chatter for the lower-flowing scenarios. The Safety
Environment in Aspen HYSYS and Aspen Plus provides easy and quick analysis of multiple valve configurations to
assess the feasibility of the selected configuration for all applicable overpressure scenarios.
This is not meant to be used as a stand-alone reference document. AspenTech recommends that a range of other
resources be referenced to give the new user a comprehensive view of how to use Aspen HYSYS and Aspen Plus. These
may include:
Jump Start: Relief Sizing in Aspen HYSYS and Aspen Plus V8.6
AspenTech support website (support.aspentech.com)
AspenTech courseware available in on-line and in-person versions
AspenTech business consultants
Additional jump start guidesavailable on a variety of related topics
This document provides a detailed overview of the steps required to split the calculated required relieving load for the
sizing case scenario over multiple relief devices. It will also explain how to analyze the effect of the selected multi-valve
configuration on all applicable overpressure scenarios.
This document will assume that the user is familiar with all the basic functionality of the Safety Environment including, but
not limited to:
1. Adding a Relief Device
2. Designing and Sizing a Single Pressure Safety Valve
3. Line Sizing
4. Reports
Initial Setup
All examples and screenshots in this guide are based on the file Multivalve Relief Starter.hsc in Aspen HYSYS and
Multivalve Relief Starter.bkp in Aspen Plus, both of which were included in the .zip file with this guide. Note that the files
are also available on aspenONE Exchange.
To begin:
1. Open the file Multivalve Relief Starter.hsc or Multivalve Relief Starter.bkp
2. Run the case (Aspen Plus only)
3. Enter the Safety Analysis Environment
The file should open to the PRD (Pressure Relief Device) form for 100-PSV-001 and display three scenarios applicable for
this system in the Scenarios tab for 100-PSV-001, shown in Figure 1 below.
Figure 1: Initial Scenario Analysis for 100-PSV-001
Before continuing, notice that the largest API orifice available (T = 26 in2) is not adequate for the sizing case. In this
instance, the flow for the sizing case must be split across two or more relief devices.
Adding A Valve
This section describes how to add an additional valve to protect the system. Navigate to the PRD Data tab for
100-PSV-001, shown in Figure 2.
Figure 2: PRD Data Tab for 100-PSV-001
To add an additional valve to the system, click the Add PRD button shown in Figure 3. A new row is added to the PRD
table.
Figure 3: Add PSV to System
Tip: It is only possible to create multiple relief valves. The use of multiple rupture disks to protect a system is not
allowed.
Editing Valve Details

This section highlights the PRD-specific parameters that can be modified on the PRD Data tab.
General Parameters
The parameters within the General Parameters box, shown in Figure 4, are common for all the relieving devices within the
system. Additional details for each parameter are described in more detail below.
Figure 4: General Parameters for System PRDs
1. PRD Type: In the PRD Type dropdown menu, select a Rupture Disk configuration or a Relief Valve configuration. To
indicate a Rupture Disk upstream of a Relief Valve, select a Relief Valve configuration, then check the
PSV+Rupture Disk checkbox. The dropdown is only available for single PRD systems. Multiple rupture disks are
not allowed.
2. PRD Name: Next to the PRD Name field, select the Edit button if you want to change the valve name. The Rename
PRD Name dialog box appears. Type the desired name and then click OK.
3. PRD Service: In the PRD Service field, type any string value describing the PSV; for example, Vessel Protection.
4. Design Code: Select the code to which the system valves were designed. This input is for documentation
purposes only.
5. Discharge to: Select the discharge location for the system valves. This input is used for the Flare System Analyzer
import.
6. Constant Superimp. BP: This is the constant pressure to which the system valves will discharge.
Valve-Specific Inputs
The PRD Specifics, Pressure Relief Device (PRD) Selection, and Sizing Scenario Parameters group boxes contain valvespecific details. You can also edit valve-specific details on the PRD Data tab. Display the valve-specific details by
highlighting the appropriate valve in the table. Figure 5 shows how to select the various valves in the table.
Figure 5: Switching Selected Valve for PRD Data Tab
PRD Specifics
The PRD Specifics group box contains the PRD Suffix, Set Pressure, and details on PRD Notes. Figure 6 shows the PRD
Specifics box details for 100 PSV 001 A on the left, and 100 PSV 001 B on the right. Descriptions of each input are
provided below.
Figure 6: PRD Specifics
1. PRD Suffix: Edit the suffix to the valve name.

2. Set Pressure: The Set Pressure is displayed in this group box. Specify the Set Pressure for the first valve. The Set
Pressure for the second valve is based on parameters specified in the Rating tab. AspenTech recommends fully
specifying the multi-valve set pressures in the Rating tab.
3. PRD Notes: The PRD Notes are for documentation purposes only.
Pressure Relief Device (PRD) Selection

The Pressure Relief Device (PRD) Selection group box contains the Relief Valve Type, Body Material, and RD Combination
(Kc) inputs for each valve. Figure 7 shows the PRD Specifics box details for 100 PSV 001 A on the left, and 100 PSV 001 B
on the right. Descriptions of each input are provided below.
Figure 7: Pressure Relief Device (PRD) Selection
1. Relief Valve Type: The valve type determines the maximum allowable backpressure of the valve as a percentage
of the set pressure.
2. Body Material: Select the desired material for the body of the valve. The default Body Material is Carbon Steel,
which is used in API 526 orifice and flange selection.
3. RD Combination (Kc): Select the PSV+ Rupture Disk check box if there is a rupture disk to be installed upstream
of the valve. Checking the box allows you to type the combination correction factor for installations with a rupture
disk upstream of the PSV. The default value is 1.0 when a rupture disk is not installed. The default value is 0.9
when a rupture disk is installed in combination with a PSV and the combination does not have a certified value.
For Unwetted Fire cases, Kc=1 even if you type a value in this field; they are not affected by rupture disks.
Note: The RD Combination (Kc) factor is only used in a calculation when there is a PSV combination with a rupture
disk; otherwise, the value of 1 is used regardless of the displayed value.
Sizing Scenario Parameters

Since each valve in the system may have different relieving pressures or discharge coefficients, the sizing scenario is
recalculated for each valve. For convenience, the Sizing Scenario Parameters group box shows several details for the sizing
scenario specific to the valve. Figure 8 shows the Sizing Scenario Parameters box details for 100 PSV 001 A on the left,
and 100 PSV 001 B on the right. For descriptions of each input, refer to the document Jump Start: Relief Sizing in Aspen
HYSYS and Aspen Plus V8.6.
Figure 8: Sizing Scenario Parameters
Designing the Multi-Valve System

After adding additional valves to the system and specifying their details, go to the Rating tab shown in Figure 9. This
section of the document describes how to fully rate a multi-valve system for the sizing case scenario, while observing the
effects of the configuration on the other applicable scenarios.
Figure 9: PRD Form - Rating Tab
Sizing Scenario Quick Reference

For convenience, the Sizing Scenario Name, Scenario Type, Phase, Required Flow, Total Orifice Required, and Total
Selected Orifice are displayed in the upper left corner of the Rating tab. See Figure 10 for details.
Figure 10: Rating Tab - Sizing Scenario Reference
Multiple Valve Calculation Method

In the Multiple Valve Calculation Method section, shown in Figure 11, select either a Default API 520 Split Arrangement or
a Custom Arrangement.
Figure 11: Multiple Valve Calculation Method
Tip: If you edit any of the values in the Multiple Valve Configuration table, the Multiple Valve Calculation Method is
automatically switched to Custom Arrangement.
Multiple Valve Configuration Table

The bulk of the rating analysis occurs in the Multiple Valve Configuration table, shown in Figure 12. More details on each
parameter are provided below.
Figure 12: Rating Tab Multiple Valve Configuration Table
1. Set Pressure Increase: You can change the Set Pressure Increase value from 0 to 100% for the second valve
onwards.
Tip: Per API 520, the Set Pressure should not exceed 105% of the protected equipment maximum allowable working
pressure (MAWP). The default configuration in the Safety Environment assumes that the first valve is set to the vessel
MAWP; therefore, the Set Pressure Increase is, by default, 5% for any additional valves.
2. Set Pressure: The Set Pressure is displayed for convenience. To edit the lowest system set pressure, go back to the
PRD Data tab.
Tip: Valves with the same Set Pressure always open together and are first considered as one larger valve, the Selected
Orifice, as the sum of the individual orifice areas. The flow through each sub-valve is first assumed to be sent to each
sub-valve equally, irrespective of size. If one or more of the sub-valves reach maximum capacity with this equal flow,
the remainder of the flow is passed to the larger valves. The leftmost sub-valves will always open first, because the
Set Pressure of the leftmost sub-valves is less than or equal to that of the valves to the right.
3. Allowable Overpressure: You can change the Allowable Overpressure from 0 to 100% for the first valve onwards.
Tip: Per API 520, the Allowable Overpressure is established from the accumulation permitted by the applicable
equipment code. The Safety Analysis Environment assumes that the lowest set pressure for the system is equal to the
MAWP for the unit operation. Therefore, Allowable Overpressure is equal to allowable accumulation. For situations
where this assumption is not valid, the user should carefully assess the Allowable Overpressure for each valve.
4. Relieving Pressure: Pressure at the inlet of the relieving device; Set Pressure + Allowable Overpressure.
5. Required Flow Split: You may distribute the flow across the relief devices based on any flow split percentage
(e.g. the ratio of the orifice areas).
6. Flow Amount: For convenience, the absolute Flow Amount for the sizing case is displayed based on the Required
Flow Split specified.
7. Calculated Orifice: The orifice is calculated based on the orifice sizing method selected for the sizing case
scenario and the Flow Amount for the specific valve.
8. Selected Orifice: The user-defined orifice for the valve.
9. Rated Flow: The maximum low permissible through the Selected Orifice size.
10.Capacity Percentage: The percentage of the Selected Orifice that is used during sizing case scenario.
Below are descriptions of the buttons above the Multiple Valve Configuration table, provided for convenience.
Figure 13: Rating Tab - Useful Buttons
1. Select Orifice: The Select Orifice button automatically selects the next size available for each valve based on the
Calculated Orifice.
2. Normalize Flow: The Normalize Flow button is used to adjust the Required Flow Split values through each valve so
that the resulting percentages sum to 100%, while maintaining their relative ratios.
3. Equalize Flow: The Equalize Flow button is used to set the Required Flow Split equally between all valves.
In the example file, click the Select Orifice button, which will result in Figure 14.
10
Figure 14: Rating Tab After Select Orifice Button Clicked
Displaying Rating Estimates

The Rating Estimates table provides an assessment of how the selected valve configuration will affect the non-sizing
scenarios. Valve chatter may occur when the flow through a valve is less than 60%. Scenarios for which the selected valve
configuration may result in valve chatter are highlighted in yellow in Figure 14.
The user can view the rating estimates on a variety of bases. To update the basis from the Displayed Rating Results dropdown list, select one of the following options:
Percentage Orifice Area: This is the default value. If the Rated Flow is greater than or equal to the Relieving Flow,
the % Orifice Area Used = Calculated Orifice area for the scenario Relieving Flow/Selected Orifice Area. If the
Rated Flow is less than the Relieving Flow, the % Orifice Area Used = Calculated Orifice area for the scenario
Relieving Flow/Selected Orifice Area > 100% - > All.
Orifice Area Used: If the Rated Flow is greater than or equal to the Relieving Flow, nominal orifice area used =
Calculated Orifice area for the scenario Relieving Flow. If the Rated Flow is less than the Relieving Flow, nominal
orifice area used = Calculated Orifice area for the scenario Relieving Flow = Selected Orifice Area.
Flow Amount Used: If the Rated Flow is greater than or equal to the Relieving Flow, nominal flow amount through
the valve = Relieving Flow Rate. If the Rated Flow is less than the Relieving Flow, nominal flow amount through the
valve = Rated Capacity.
Split of Total Required Flow: If the Rated Flow is greater than or equal to the Relieving Flow, Relieving Flow Split %
= Rated Capacity/Relieving Flow Rate > 100% -> All. If the Rated Flow is less than the Relieving Flow, Relieving
Flow Split % = Rated Capacity/Relieving Flow Rate.
11
12
Conclusions
The Safety Environment in Aspen Plus and Aspen HYSYS allows users to quickly recalculate scenarios at different
relieving pressures for staggered relief. Furthermore, it allows users to assess the effect of the selected configuration on all
applicable overpressure scenarios.
References
1. American Petroleum Inst., Sizing Selection, and Installation of Pressure-Relieving Devices in Refineries, ANSI/API RP
520, 8th Ed., Part 1: Sizing and Selection, Washington D.C., Dec. 2008.
Additional Resources
Public Website:
http://www.aspentech.com/products/relief-sizing/
http://www.aspentech.com/products/aspen-HYSYS.aspx
http://www.aspentech.com/products/aspen-plus/
Online Training:
http://www.aspentech.com/products/aspen-online-training
AspenTech YouTube Channel:

http://www.youtube.com/user/aspentechnologyinc
13
About AspenTech
AspenTech is a leading supplier of software that optimizes process manufacturingfor energy, chemicals,
engineering and construction, and other industries that manufacture and produce products from a
chemical process. With integrated aspenONE solutions, process manufacturers can implement best
practices for optimizing their engineering, manufacturing, and supply chain operations. As a result,
AspenTech customers are better able to increase capacity, improve margins, reduce costs, and become
more energy efficient. To see how the worlds leading process manufacturers rely on AspenTech to
achieve their operational excellence goals, visit www.aspentech.com.
Worldwide Headquarters
Aspen Technology, Inc.
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United States
phone: +17812216400
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info@aspentech.com
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phone: +97317503000
2014 Aspen Technology, Inc. AspenTech, aspenONE, the Aspen leaf logo, the aspenONE logo, and OPTIMIZE are trademarks
of Aspen Technology, Inc. All rights reserved.
11-5786-0614
For a complete list of offices, please visit

www.aspentech.com/locations

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Jump Start: Multiple Valve Analysis in Aspen HYSYS

and Aspen Plus

Figure 1: Initial Scenario Analysis for 100-PSV-001

Figure 2: PRD Data Tab for 100-PSV-001

Figure 3: Add PSV to System

Editing Valve Details

Figure 4: General Parameters for System PRDs

Figure 5: Switching Selected Valve for PRD Data Tab

Figure 6: PRD Specifics

1. PRD Suffix: Edit the suffix to the valve name.

Pressure Relief Device (PRD) Selection

Figure 7: Pressure Relief Device (PRD) Selection

Sizing Scenario Parameters

Figure 8: Sizing Scenario Parameters

Designing the Multi-Valve System

Figure 9: PRD Form - Rating Tab

Sizing Scenario Quick Reference

Figure 10: Rating Tab - Sizing Scenario Reference

Multiple Valve Calculation Method

Figure 11: Multiple Valve Calculation Method

Multiple Valve Configuration Table

Figure 12: Rating Tab Multiple Valve Configuration Table

Figure 13: Rating Tab - Useful Buttons

Figure 14: Rating Tab After Select Orifice Button Clicked

Displaying Rating Estimates

AspenTech YouTube Channel:

For a complete list of offices, please visit

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