25. A plane electromagnetic wave travels in dielectric medium of relative permittivity 9.

Relative to
free space, the velocity of propagation in the dielectric is
A
.

increased by a factor of 9

B
.

increased by a factor of 3

C
.

unchanged

D
.

reduced by a factor of 1/3

Answer: Option D
Explanation:
.
A (75 - j 40) W load is connected to a co-axial line of z0 = 75 at 6 MHz. The load matching on
the line can be accomplished by connecting
A
.

a short circuit stub at the load

B
.

an inductance at the load

C
.

a short circuit stub at a specific distance from the load

D
.

a capacitance at a specific distance from the load

Answer: Option B
Explanation:
ZL = 75 - J . 40, ZC = 75 W, f = 6 mHz
Given ZL is capacitive, so proper matching, load must be inductive.
A plane wave is characterized by
A
.

linearly polarized

B
.

circularly polarized

C
.

elliptically polarized

D
.

unpolarized

Answer: Option C
Explanation:
Because, magnitude is different (0.5, 1) and phase is 90

the wave is

A uniform plane wave is one in which

A
.

B
.

C
.

and

are perpendicular

D
.

and

lie in a plane

=0

Answer: Option D
Explanation:
For uniform plane wave, E and H must be in a plane but perpendicular to each other.
Which of the following should dominant wave have?
A
.

Lowest cut off frequency

B
.

Highest cut off frequency

C
.

No attenuation

D
.

No phase shift

Answer: Option A
Explanation:
Lowest cut off frequency or highest wave-length in a waveguide gives dominant modes.
The divergence of the electric field intensity at any point equals
A
.

1/4 0 times the volume charge density

B
.

l/0 times the volume charge density at that point

C
.

0 times the volume charge density at that point

D
.

the volume charge density at that point

Answer: Option B
Explanation:

What is the characteristic impedance at 10 MHz?

A
.

547.7

B
.

54.7

C
.

5.47

D
.

.547

Answer: Option A
Explanation:
, not depend upon frequency.

Which one of the following potential does not satisfy Laplace's equations?
A
.

v = 10 xy

B
.

v = cos

C
.
D
.

v = f cos + 10

Answer: Option B

In a conductor which of the following relations hold good?

A
.

xD=

B
.

.D=

C
.

xD=0

D
.

.D=0

Answer: Option C
Explanation:
Inside a conductor free charge is zero, hence, x D = 0.

The input impedance of short-circuited line of length l where l < /4

A
.

inductive

B
.

capacitive

C
.

resistive

D
.

none of the above

Answer: Option A
Explanation:
l < /4, ZL = 0

, if Zd comes +j kZC then inductive,

If Zd comes -j kZC then capacitive.

For 0 l 1/4, l 3/4 will be inductive.

In a line VSWR of a load is 6 dB. The reflection coefficient will be

A
.

0.033

B
.

0.33

C
.

0.66

D
.

3.3

Answer: Option C
Explanation:
VSWR = 100.6

= 0 is frequently known as

A
.

continuity equation for steady currents

B
.

Laplace equation

Poisson's equation

.
D
.

none of the above

Answer: Option A

Which of the following relations is valid?

A
.

xx

= ( .

) - 2 A

B
.

xx

= ( x

) - 2 A

C
.

xx

= 2 A - ( )

D
.

none of the above

Answer: Option A

The I/P impedance of a

A
.

zero

B
.

inductive

C
.

capacitance

D
.

infinite

long short circuited section of a loss less transmission line is

Answer: Option B

Which of the following relations is correct?

A
.

B
.

C
.

=-

D
.

Answer: Option B

For frequencies upto 1650 kHz __________ antenna is used

A
.

yagi

B
.

grounded

C
.

turnstile

D
.

marconi

Answer: Option A

A loop antenna may be of

A
.

square on triangular shape

B
.

hexagonal shape

C
.

circular shape

D
.

any of the above

Answer: Option D

Velocity of the wave when it passes from air into sphere

A
.

decreases

B
.

increases

C
.

same

D
.

no change

Answer: Option B

The ratio of the directivity of an end fire antenna to that of a broadside antenna is
A
.

B
.

C
.

Answer: Option A
Explanation:

In Broadside, D = 2n

In End fire D = 4n

The absorption of radio waves by atmosphere depends on

A
.

their frequency

B
.

their distance from the transmitter

C
.

the polarization of atmosphere

D
.

the polarization of the waves

Answer: Option A

For transmission-line matching over range of frequencies, it is best to use a

A
.

single stub of adjustable position

B
.

double stub

C
.

broadband directional coupler

D
.

balun

Answer: Option B

Microwave signals transmitted towards the sky are

A
.

strongly absorbed by the ionosphere

B
.

strongly reflected by the ionosphere

C
.

transmitted through the ionosphere

D
.

unable to reach the ionosphere because of strong absorption in the lower atmosphere

Answer: Option C

Radiation intensity does not depend upon

A
.

the antenna direction

B
.

antenna width

C
.

both (a) and (b)

D
.

none of the above

Answer: Option B

2V = - /E is known as __________ equation

A
.

Poisson

B
.

Fourier

C
.

Laplace

D
.

Maxwell

Answer: Option A

A vertical earthed antenna is resonant when its physical height is equal to

A
.

B
.
C
.
D
.

Answer: Option C

Which of the following is a vector quantity?

A
.

Standing wave ratio

B
.

Reflection coefficient

C
.

Gain

D
.

All of the above

Answer: Option B

The L/C has the dimension of

A
.

time

B
.

capacitance

C
.

velocity

D
.

resistance

Answer: Option D

The value of VSWR is taken as when the line is

A
.

short-circuited

B
.

open-circuited

C
.

terminated with full load

D
.

terminated with load equal to the characteristic impedance of the load

Answer: Option B

The wavelength of an electromagnetic wave after reflection at angle on a surface

A
.

remains same as the wavelength perpendicular to the surface

B
.

remains same in the free space

C
.

increases in actual direction of propagation

D
.

decreases in actual direction of propagation

Answer: Option B

A higher value of Standing Wave Ratio indicates

A
.

least mismatch between line and load

B
.

greater mismatch between load and line

C
.

number of nodes is equal to the number of antinodes

D
.

none of the above

Answer: Option B

An end fire array consisting of several half-wave lengths of directive gain 40, then Find width of
major lobe for broadside
A
.

B
.

5.73

C
.

51.25

D
.

Answer: Option B

A wavelength of 1 mm could be expected in

A
.

VLF

B
.

HF

C
.

EHF

D
.

SHF

Answer: Option C

The numerical value of directivity of current element of half-wave dipole is 1.76 and 2.15 dB

respectively. The directive gain of half-wave dipole over current element will be
A
.

3.91 dB

B
.

1.95 dB

C
.

0.39 dB

D
.

0.195 dB

Answer: Option C
Explanation:
2.15 - 1.76 = 0.39 db.

The waveguides compared to equivalent transmission lines at low frequency are

A
.

able to carry more power

B
.

less noisy

C
.

having lower attenuation

D
.

all of the above

Answer: Option D

In case of static electric field Maxwell's divergence equation states that:

A

B
.

= /0

C
.

D
.

Answer: Option B

For a reflection co-efficient of 0.5, the value of SWR is

A
.

-1

B
.

C
.

D
.

Answer: Option D
Explanation:

1 dB is equal to __________ nepier

A
.

8.6

B
.

6.8

C
.

D
.

Answer: Option A

For the same length of arrays, half power beam-width of binomial array
A
.

is equal to that of uniform arrays

B
.

is less than that of uniform array

C
.

is more than that of uniform array

D
.

is negligible as compared to that of uniform array

Answer: Option C

The effective electrical length of an antenna is __________ its physical length

A
.

greater than

B
.

equal to

C
.

less than

none of the above

Answer: Option A

Which of the following laws of electromagnetic theory is associated with the force experienced by
two loops of a wire carrying currents?
A
.

Maxwell's law

B
.

Coulomb's law

C
.

Ampere's law

D
.

Laplace's law

Answer: Option C

The intrinsic impedance of free space

A
.

increases with increase of frequency

B
.

decreases with increase of frequency

C
.

is independent of frequency

D
.

none

Answer: Option C

To couple a coaxial line to a parallel to wire line it is best to use a

A
.

slotted line

B
.

balun

C
.

directional coupler

D
.

quarter wave transformer

Answer: Option B

The shunt admittance of a transmission line is given by

A
.

= R + jL

B
.

= R - jL

C
.

= G + jC

D
.

= jGC

Answer: Option C

A dipole antenna was radiating with some excitation in free space radiating a certain amount of the
power. If this antenna is immersed in a lake where water is non-dissipative but has a dielectric
constant of 81, the radiated power with the same excitation will
A
.

decrease to finite non-zero value

B
.

remain the same

C
.

increase

D
.

decrease to zero

Answer: Option B

If short-circuited and open circuited impedances are 5 ohms and 20 ohms, then characteristic
impedance is
A
.

1 ohms

B
.

10 ohms

C
.

25 ohms

D
.

100 ohms

Answer: Option B

Electric lines of force do not cross each other because

A
.

the lines of force mutually repel each other

B
.

the lines of force emanate from a point charge

C
.

the tangent to the line of force gives the direction of E and if they cross two tangents for E
which is not possible

D
.

none of the above

Answer: Option C

A person with a receiver is 5 km away from the transmitter. What is the distance that this person
must move further to detect at 3 dB decrease in signal strength?
A
.

942 m

B
.

2070 m

C
.

4978 m

D
.

5320 m

Answer: Option B

For free space propagation

A
.

= + j

B
.

= j

C
.

D
.

==0

Answer: Option A

SHF range is
A
.

30 - 300 MHz

B
.

300 - 3000 MHz

C
.

3000 - 30000 MHz

D
.

30000 - 300000 MHz

Answer: Option C

The direction in a Yagi Uda antenna

A
.

is longer than the radiating element

B
.

is shorter than the radiating element

C
.

can be longer or shorter than the radiating element

D
.

does not exist

Answer: Option B

In cell phone antennas are

A
.

monopole

B
.

loops

C
.

helical

D
.

lens

Answer: Option A

Antenna commonly used for microwave links are

A
.

loop antennas

B
.

log periodic antennas

C
.

paraboloidal dishes

D
.

rhombic antennas

Answer: Option C

For a good conducting medium the intrinsic impedance is

A
.

/2

B
.

/ 45

C
.

/ /2

D
.

/ 0

Answer: Option B

For an ideal antenna, numerical value of directivity must be

A
.

B
.

C
.

D
.

any value

Answer: Option A

The force in a magnetic field is given by F = qvB

A
.

F and q are perpendicular and v and B are perpendicular

B
.

F and q only are perpendicular to each other

C
.

F and v, F and B are mutually perpendicular to each other and v and B at any angle between
them

D
.

All the four components are perpendicular to each other

Answer: Option A
An electromagnetic wave is incident normally on a dielectric boundary. It is

A
.

totally reflected

B
.

partially reflected and partially refracted

C
.

totally absorbed

D
.

none of the above

Answer: Option B

According to maximum power transfer theorem, if the load is inductive, the source should be
A
.

inductive

B
.

capacitive

C
.

resistive

D
.

any of the above

Answer: Option B

According to Siegel and Labus, antenna can be treated as

A
.

closed transmission line

B
.

shorted transmission line

C
.

earthed transmission line

D
.

opened-out transmission line

Answer: Option D

The value of susceptibility in case of vacuum is taken as

A
.

zero

B
.

0.5

C
.

unity

D
.

infinity

Answer: Option A

Self impedance is
A
.

same for transmitting (Tt) and receiving antenna (Tr)

B
.

Tt > Tr

C
.

Tr > Tt

no relation

Answer: Option A
Equipotential surfaces about a point charge are in which one of the following forms?
A
.

Sphere

B
.

Planes

C
.

Cylinders

D
.

Cubes

Answer: Option A
__________ will have the least value of relative permeability.
A
.

Palladium

B
.

Silver

C
.

Cobalt

D
.

Iron

Answer: Option B

The disturbance from adjacent power lines is known as

A

cross talk

.
B
.

cross fire

C
.

inductive disturbance

D
.

none of the above

Answer: Option C

Magnesium is alloyed with conducting materials for antenna primarily with the purpose of
A
.

increasing efficiency

B
.

improving radiative power

C
.

reducing weight

D
.

increasing density

Answer: Option C

Which of the following term applies to troposcatter propagation?

A
.

SIDs

B
.

Faraday rotation

C
.

Atmospheric storms

D
.

Fading

Answer: Option D

The effective refraction index of the ionosphere for radio wave is

A
.

more than unity

B
.

less than unity

C
.

equal to unity

D
.

either more or less than unity depending on the electron concentration

Answer: Option B

For space propagation, what will be the electric field strength at receiving antenna
A
.
B
.

30 WTGT

C
.

173WT

D
.

Answer: Option A

A medium is said to be isotropic when

A
.

=0

B
.

C
.

D
.

is scalar constant

Answer: Option D

The radiation resistance of a resonant long wire antenna of half wavelength (/2) is given
A
.

73

B
.

120

C
.

377

D
.

7.3

Answer: Option A

A uniform wave have components

A
.

in the perpendicular direction E existing while H is zero

B
.

in the direction of propagation E existing while H is zero

C
.

E and H are zero in direction perpendicular to direction of propagation

D
.

E and H existing only in direction perpendicular to direction of propagation

Answer: Option D

The measure of mismatch between the load and the transmission line is known as
A
.

directivity

B
.

Gain

C
.

standing wave ratio

D
.

reflection coefficient

Answer: Option D

In a vertical earthed antenna the base input impedance will be inductive for a height
A
.

less than

B
.

between

C
.

between

D
.

more than

Answer: Option B

The frequencies in ultra high frequency range are propagated by means of __________ waves
A
.

surface

B
.

ground

C
.

sky

D
.

space

Answer: Option D

Maximum effective aperture of a

A
.

1.3 2

B
.

0.13 2

C
.

13 2

D
.

3.1 2

antenna is

Answer: Option B

The phase velocity of an EM wave propagating in a hollow metallic rectangular waveguide in the
TE10 mode is
A
.

equal to its group velocity

B
.

less than the velocity of light in free space

C
.

equal to the velocity of light in free space

D
.

greater than the velocity of light in free space

Answer: Option D

The electric field of an EM wave propagating in the z direction given by

The wave is
A
.

linearly polarized in z direction

B
.

elliptically polarized

C
.

left hand circularly polarized

D
.

right hand circularly polarized

Answer: Option C

Which of the following waves do not exist in waveguides?

A
.

TE waves

B
.

TM waves

C
.

TE and TM waves

D
.

TEM waves

The bidirectional pattern of a broadside array can be converted into unidirectional by

A
.

maintaining the distance of /4 between the elements

B
.

maintaining the distance of /2 between the elements

C
.

installing an identical array behind the main array at distance /4 and exciting it by current
leading in phase by 90

D
.

installing an identical array behind the main array at distance /2 and exciting it by current
leading in phase by 120

Answer: Option C

VLF waves are used for communication system because

A
.

of low power requirement

they are least prone to distortion

.
C
.

they penetrate the ionosphere easily

D
.

the transmitting antennas are of convenient size

Answer: Option C

The radiation pattern of two element collinear array is represent in

A
.

B
.

C
.

D
.

Answer: Option A

Which one is correct option?

A
.

TEM mode exist in free space of infinite boundary

B
.

TEM mode exist in two conductor pattern system for finite-boundary

C
.

TEM mode exist in waveguide only

D
.

Both (a) and (b)

Answer: Option D

Measurement of radiation resistance by reflection method is suitable for

A
.

parasitic element antennas

B
.

low frequency vertical conductor antenna

C
.

all type of antennas

D
.

none of the above

Answer: Option A

A lossless transmission line is connected to two identical voltage source as shown in figure.

The impedance measured at the midpoint AA' is

A
.

B
.

100

C
.

50

D
.

25

Answer: Option A

A loss less transmission line is terminated in a load which reflects a part of the incident power. The
measured VSWR is 2. The percentage of the power that is reflected back is
A
.

57.73

B
.

33.33

C
.

0.11

D
.

11.11

Answer: Option D

A higher directivity is specified by

A
.

high gain low BW (Beamwidth)

B
.

high gain high BW

C
.

low gain high BW

D
.

none of the above

Answer: Option A

Long distance short-wave radio broadcasting uses

A
.

ground wave

B
.

ionospheric wave

C
.

direct wave

D
.

any of the above

Answer: Option B

The affect of ground on radiation pattern is to

A
.

cause cancellation of radiation along the ground

B
.

produce more number of nulls

C
.

both (a) and (b)

D
.

either (a) or (b)

If a electromagnetic signal is incident at 0 in a waveguide then at other port of waveguide we will

get
A
.

zero power

B
.

power

C
.

depend upon input signal strength

D
.

depend on frequency

Answer: Option A

An antenna having a high Q has

A
.

lower BW

B
.

higher BW

C
.

flat response

D
.

none of the above

Answer: Option A

The polarization of dielectric materials results in

A
.

production of eddy currents

B
.

creation of electric dipoles

C
.

absorption of electrons

D
.

release of high velocity protons

Answer: Option B

For a quarter wave transformer, characteristic impedance is related with input and load impedances
as
A
.

Z0 = ZR/ZS

B
.

Z0 = ZR . ZS

C
.

D
.

Answer: Option B

Which of the following is the abnormal phenomena observed in the ionosphere?

A
.

Communication link interference

B
.

Sun spot cycle

C
.

Fading and whistlers

D
.

Tides and winds

Answer: Option A

In a loss-less transmission line

A
.

R << L; G << C

B
.

R = L, G = C

C
.

R >> L; G >> C

D
.

none of the above

Answer: Option A

Which layer is least important in high frequency propagation?

A
.

D layer

B
.

E layer

C
.

F1 layer

D
.

F2 layer

Answer: Option A

Which of the following is not an omnidirectional antenna?

A

B
.

Half-wave dipole

C
.

Discone

D
.

Marconi

Answer: Option A

The unit of magnetic flux density is

A
.

farad/metre

B
.

ohm/metre

C
.

tesla

D
.

ampere/metre

Answer: Option C

In a waveguide if TE mode exist for z direction propagation, then

A
.

Ez = 0, Hz 0

B
.

Ez = 0, Hz = 0

C
.

Ez 0, Hz = 0

D
.

Ez 0, Hz 0

Answer: Option A

Critical frequency of a layer in ionosphere

A
.

fc = 9 N

B
.

fc = 81 N2

C
.

fc = 81 N

D
.

Answer: Option A

Distances near the skip distance should be used for sky-wave propagation
A
.

to avoid the Faraday effect

B
.

to avoid tilting

C
.

to prevent sky-wave and upper ray interference

D
.

so as to exceed the critical frequency

Answer: Option C

Which one of following is correct for broadside array?

A
.

Direction of radiation is perpendicular to axis

B
.

Also perpendicular to the plane

C
.

Current is fed of equal amplitude equal phase

D
.

All

Answer: Option D
The effective length of an antenna (Le) is
A
.
B
.
C
.
D
.

Answer: Option B

Curl of gradient A is
A
.

x (A) = 1

B
.

x (A) =

C
.

x (A) = 0

D
.

x (A) = -

Answer: Option C

What does the expression

A
.

Electric Energy density

B
.

Magnetic Energy density

C
.

Power density

D
.

Radiation Resistance

represent?

Answer: Option B

A conductor is said to be perfect if it has __________ conductivity

A
.

finite

B
.

infinite

C
.

unity

D
.

zero

Answer: Option B

The simplest standing wave is due to the value of reflection co-efficient is

A
.

-1

B
.

zero

C
.

unity

D
.

infinity

Answer: Option C

In terrestrial microwave links, the number of 'fades' per unit increases as

A
.

both the transmission and the distance between the antennas are increased

B
.

the transmission frequency is increased but the distance between the antennas is decreased

C
.

the transmission frequency is decreased but the distance between the antennas is increased

D
.

both the transmission frequency and distance between the antennas are decreased

Answer: Option B

Bandwidth of an antenna is related with where Q is quality factor

A
.

QB

B
.

Q 1/B

C
.

Q B2

D
.

Q 1/B2

Answer: Option B

Select the correct relation

A
.

(AB) = A B + B A

B
.

. (AB) = A . B + A B

C
.

x (AB) = A x B + A B

D
.

All of the above

Answer: Option D
Diffraction of electromagnetic wave
A
.

is caused by reflection from the ground

B
.

may occur around the edge of a sharp obstacle

C
.

arises only with spherical wavefronts

D
.

none of these

Answer: Option B

Power gain of antenna equals directive gain in VHF and UHF range if and only if efficiency of the
antenna is
A
.

0.25

B
.

0.5

C
.

0.75

D
.

Answer: Option D

For radiation field of an antenna at a distance r varies as

A
.
B
.
C
.

D
.

For a plane good conductor, skin depth varies

A
.

directly as square root of permeability

B
.

directly as square root of frequency

C
.

inversely as permittivity

D
.

inversely as square root of conductivity

When a plane wave travelling in free space is incident normally on a medium having r = 4.0, then
fraction of power transmitted into the medium is given by
A
.

8/9

B
.

1/2

C
.

1/3

D
.

5/6

Answer: Option A

For broadside array, maxima will be obtain at

A

90, 270

.
B
.

180

C
.

45

D
.

at any angle

Answer: Option A

Surface impedance at high frequencies is a consideration for

A
.

good conductors

B
.

semiconductors

C
.

dielectrics

D
.

ferrites

Answer: Option A

The unit of displacement density is

A
.

volt/metre

B
.

ampere/metre2

coulombs/metre

.
D
.

coulombs/metre2

Answer: Option D

When microwave signals follow the curvature of the earth, this is known as
A
.

the Faraday effect

B
.

ducting

C
.

tropospheric scatter

D
.

ionospheric reflection

Answer: Option B

Characteristic wave impedance is

A
.

B
.

(/)1/2

C
.

Ex/Hy

D
.

Hy/Ex

Answer: Option B

The attenuation factor and phase shift factor for a wave propagated in a good dielectric
having

are given by

A
.

B
.

==

/ , = /

C
.

= / , = /

D
.

= = /

Answer: Option A

Consider isotropic radiator radiating a power of 1 watt. At a distance of 1 metre, the power per unit
area with equal
A
.

1 watt/m2

B
.

4 watt/m2

C
.

1/4 watt/m2

D
.

2 watt/m2

Answer: Option C