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Mark Scheme

MEI Numerical Methods (2623) January 2005


1

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

n
10
20
40

approx n!
n!
rel. error
3388893 3628800 -0.06611
2.27E+18 2.43E+18 -0.06792
7.6E+47 8.16E+47 -0.06885

n
approx n!
n!
rel. error
10
3683401 3628800 0.015047
20
2.46E+18 2.43E+18 0.013086
40
8.26E+47 8.16E+47 0.012069
second formula has smaller relative error than first
second formula gets more accurate for larger n - unlike first

final Mark scheme

approxns: [M1A3]
rel. errors: [M1A1]
[subtotal 6]

approxns:
rel. errors:

70! exceeds 10^100 (9.99... E99) so cannot be stored/displayed


exp(-80) / exp(-40) = exp(-40)
80.5^80 / 40.5^40 = 80.5^40 * (80.5/40.5)^40
hence 80! / 40! = 8.8 * 10^70 (approx)

[M1A1]
[A1]
[E1]
[E1]
[subtotal 5]

[E1]
[M1]
[M1]
[A1]
[subtotal 4]
[TOTAL 15]

2 (i)

x
2
2.8

x^3 - 3^x
-1
0.277978 change of sign hence root

a
b
x
f(x)
2
2.8
2.4
-0.14261
2.4
2.8
2.6
0.177362
2.4
2.6
2.5
0.036543
2.4
2.5
-- which is the required interval
Best estimate 2.45 with mpe 0.05
further iterations: mpe 0.025, 0.0125, 0.00625, 0.003125, 0.0015625, 0.00078125
I.e. 6 further iterations required.
(ii)

x
2
3.2

x^3 - 3^x
-1
-0.86674 no change of sign, so bisection won't work.
Arises because there is a second root at x=3.

[M1A1]

[M1A1]
[M1A1]
[A1]
[A1A1]
[M1A1]
[A1]
[subtotal 12]
[M1]
[E1]
[E1]
[subtotal 3]
[TOTAL 15]

MEI Numerical Methods (2623) January 2005


3 (i)

h
0.2
0.1
0.05

fwd diff
A1= 0.680486
A2= 0.678997
A3= 0.678266

A2-A1= -0.00149
A3-A2= -0.00073

Improved est: 0.678266 - 0.00073*(1/2 + 1/4 + ...) =


(ii)

h
0.2
0.1
0.05

central diff
B1= 0.710881
B2= 0.710848
B3= 0.710840

final Mark scheme

ratio= 0.491291

0.677534 (0.6775 or 0.678)

B2-B1= -3.3E-05
B3-B2= -8.2E-06

ratio=

Improved est: 0.710840 - 8.2*10^(-6) * (1/4 + 1/16 + ...) =

(iii)

values:
diffs:

0.24984

[M1A1]
[M1A1]

[M1A1]
[subtotal 6]

values:
diffs:

[M1A1]
[M1A1]

0.710837 (0.71084) [M1A1A1]


[subtotal 7]

Central difference far more accurate


Forward difference can be used when no backward data available.

[E1]
[E1]
[subtotal 2]
[TOTAL 15]

(i)

S1 =
1/3 * (0.91 + 4*1.40 + 2.31) = 2.94
S2 =
1/6 * (0.91 + 4*1.14 + 2*1.40 + 4*1.74 + 2.31) =
2.923333
extrapolating: (16 * S2 - S1) / 15 (or equivalent) =
2.922222 (2.922 or 2.92)

[M1A1]
[M1A1]
[M1A1A1]
[subtotal 7]

(ii)

mpe in S1:
1/3 * (1 + 4 + 1) * 0.005 =
0.01
mpe in S2:
1/6 * (1 + 4 + 2 + 4 + 1) * 0.005 =
Hence 2nd dp in the extrapolated value is unreliable. (so 2.9)

[M1A1]
[A1]
[A1]
[subtotal 4]

(iii)

0.01

Range of integration could be anywhere between (1.95, 4.05) and (2.05, 3.95)
I.e range is 2 +/- 2.5%
So integral could vary by up to +/- 5%
(2.76 to 3.05)

[M1A1]
[A1]
[A1]
[subtotal 4]
[TOTAL 15]

Examiners Report

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