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Module 2 :
Diffusive heat and mass transfer
Lecture 7:
Heat Transfer in Extended surfaces
(Fins)
NPTEL,IITKharagpur,Prof.SaikatChakraborty,DepartmentofChemicalEngineering
NPTEL,IITKharagpur,Prof.SaikatChakraborty,DepartmentofChemicalEngineering
Pin fins with constant sectional area and (vi) Pin fins with variable sectional area. Fig.(7.1)
shows fins with different geometrical patterns.
NPTEL,IITKharagpur,Prof.SaikatChakraborty,DepartmentofChemicalEngineering
NPTEL,IITKharagpur,Prof.SaikatChakraborty,DepartmentofChemicalEngineering
NPTEL,IITKharagpur,Prof.SaikatChakraborty,DepartmentofChemicalEngineering
Heat flux in at Z Heat flux out at Z+Z Heat flux out due to convection=0
(7.1)
dq z h
= (T Ta )
dz
B
(7.2)
q z = k
dT
dz
(7.3)
(7.4)
NPTEL,IITKharagpur,Prof.SaikatChakraborty,DepartmentofChemicalEngineering
Cp
DT
= k 2T + Q
Dt
(7.5)
According to assumption (3), i.e. constant k and also considering constant surface area (not
influenced by temperature), hence for the steady state condition, equation (7.5) yields
k 2 T + Q = 0
(7.6)
If we were to solve the 2-D fin problem (in x and z) then Q = 0 and the heat transfer coefficient
would enter through the boundary condition. But, by assuming 1-D transport, the heat loss due to
h will enter as a volumetric sink, as Q , in the energy balance. [Note that Q is a source in
equation (7.5)]. The heat removal rate will then be given by
Q=
where
h
(T Ta )
B
1
is the surface-to-volume ratio
B
NPTEL,IITKharagpur,Prof.SaikatChakraborty,DepartmentofChemicalEngineering
(7.7)
2 Wz
1
Surface
Volume 2BWz B
dz 2 kB
(7.8)
Boundary Conditions:
at z = 0
T = Tw
at z = L
dT
= 0 (No heat loss from edge, see assumption (2) )
dz
Define =
T Ta
hL2
z
,J = , N =
Tw Ta
L
kB
After inserting non-dimensional quantities and algebraic manipulations, equation (7.8) becomes
d 2
= N 2
2
dJ
(7.9)
NPTEL,IITKharagpur,Prof.SaikatChakraborty,DepartmentofChemicalEngineering
At J = 1 ( ) J =0 = 1 and
d
At J = 0
=0
dJ J =1
(7.10)
= C1e NJ + C2 e NJ
(e
Using B.C.s given in eqn. (7.10) in eqn. (7.11), and Utilizing Cosh ( x ) =
=
(7.11)
+ e x
2
) , we get
cosh N (1 J )
cosh N
(7.12)
In this model the heat convected through tip of the fin is neglected. The error due o this can be
minimized by increasing the length by L equal to B (half the thickness) where 2B is the
thickness of the fin. In case of circular fin L is equal to D/4.
NPTEL,IITKharagpur,Prof.SaikatChakraborty,DepartmentofChemicalEngineering