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Gains from trade TQo

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Galloping inflation @qf
qf]inflation^C
Game theory
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Generalequilibrium analysis @R
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GDP deflator GDPY GDPuvC
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GDP gap GDPf
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GNP `
`]gloss national product^
Gold standard s
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Government debt F
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Goverment expenditure multiplier FX
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Graduated income tax io|
Ho|]income taxA personal^C
Gresham`s Law pYkh
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Gross domestic productA nominal]or nominal GDP^ Wq`(WqGDP^
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Gross domestic productAreal `]GDP^
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Gross national productA nominal Wq`]WqGNP^
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Gross national productA real `]GNP^
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Growth accounting W
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Hedging MO
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High-powered money f
f]monetary base^C
Horizontal equity vsDvertical equity VPaVV
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Horizontal integration VX
aVXPVX]integrationA vertical vsD horizontal^C
Horizontal merger V
]merger^C
Human capital HO
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Hyperinflation cqf
qf]inflation^C
I
Imperfect competition v
v]competitionAimperfect^C
Imperfect competitor v
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Implicitcost elements n

MOf ]explicit money costs^Aof[H


Imports if
Xf]exports^C
Inappropriability i
i]inappropriable^C
Inappropriable i
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Incidence]or tax incidence^ kJA|kJ
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Income J Ha@q]q`@~^
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Income effect]of a price change^ ]^J
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Income elasticity of demand DJu
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Income statement qq@A
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Income taxA negative to|
to|]egative income tax^C
Income taxA personal Ho|
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Income velocity of money fJgv
fgv]velocity of money^C
Incomes policy JF
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Increasing returns to scale WWS
WS]returns to scale^C
Independent goods W~
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Indexing]or indexation^
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Indifference curve Ltu
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indifference map Ltu
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Indirect taxes |
|]direct taxes^C
Induced variables P
~PP]external vsD induced variables^C
Industry ~
P~@tC~C
Inertial rate of inflation Dqfv
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Infant industry X~
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Inferior goods C~H~
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Inflation]or inflation rate^ qf]qfv^
qfv@~WCcqf]hyperinflation^qfv
Inflation targeting qf
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Innovation s
@PPS]Joseph Schumpeter^KYNyCSTtqG]1^V
Inputs J
Hn]factors of production^~L{~C
Insurance OI
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IntegrationAvertical vsDhorizontal
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Intellectual property rights z]v

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Interest Q
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Interest rate Qv
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Intermediate goods ~
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International monetary system]also International financial system^ f]
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Intervention zw
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Intrinsic value]of money^ ]f^b
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Invention o
@s~@sNyo{C`NPs]innovation^OC
Investment
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Investment demand]or investment demand curve^ D]Du^
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Invisible hand
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Involuntarily unemployed D@~
~]unemployment^C
Iron law of wages uK
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Isoquant q qu]equal product curve^C
]Implicit cost^
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JvDu] Incomecompensated demand curve^
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J--Ou]Income-consumption curve^
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H]Income effect^
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DJu]income elasticity of demand^
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W~]Increasing-cost industry^
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WqW]increasing returns to scale^
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Ltu]Indifference curve^
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H~]Inferior good^
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s]Innovation^
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H~(Input^
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Qv]lnterest rate^
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~]Intermediate good^
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qv]Internal rate of return^
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]Investment^
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Du] Investment demand curve^
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u] Isocost curve^

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Qu] Isoprofit curve^
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qu]Isoquant^
quY@qi]v^J~X.
qu] lsorevenue line^
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sDu]Kinked demand curve^


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Keynesian economics g
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Keynesian school
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L

] Labor^
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ga( Land^
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q]Law of diminishing marginal returns^
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]Law of diminishing marginal utility^
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]Lerner index^
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u]Learning curve^
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w]Limit pricing^
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]Long run^
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Labor force O
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Laborforce participstion rate OPv
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Labor productivity v
v]productivity^C
Labor supply
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Labor theory of value
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Laissezfaire]uleave us alongv^ ]uOv^
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Land ga
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Leastcost rule]of production^ ]^Ckh
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Legal tender kwMv
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Less developed country]LDC^ oFa
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Liabilities t
|pAL~H]debt^]financial obligation^C
Libertarianism Dq
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Limited Liability d

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Long run
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Longrun aggregate supply schedule `
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Lorenz curve u
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Lowest sustainable rate of unemployment]or LSUR^ Ci~v
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Lumpoflabor fallacy X~
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]Marginal cost^
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w]Marginal cost pricing^
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Xu]Manginal expenditure curve^
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~]Marginal product^
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~v]Marginal rate of product transformation^
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Nv]Marginal rate of substitution^
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q]Marginal revenue^
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q~]Marginal revenue product^
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] Marginal utility^
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]Market^
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Du]Market demand curve^
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g]Market period^
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c] Market structure^
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] Market supply schedule^
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[w]Markup pricing^
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jp]Maximin strategy)
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g]Microeconomics^
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utpW]Minimum efficient size of plant^
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]Model^
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fH]Money income^
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b_v(Monopolistic competition^
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b_(Monopoly^
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Rb_]Monopsony^
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DwI]Moral hazard^
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q]Multinational firm^
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htb_] Multiplant monopoly)
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h~t] Multiproduct firm^
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@P]Mutual fund^
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M1B M2 f(money supply^C
Macroeconomics `g
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Malthusian theory of population growth HfWz
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Managed exchange rate zvs
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Marginal cost
]costAmarginal^C
Marginal principle h
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Marginal Product]MP^ ~
LJAl[@JoB~XC@~]Marginal p
Marginal product theory of distribution t~z
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Marginal propensity of consume] MPC^ OV
itJW[@HOW[qC`NAPOV]average propensity to co
Marginal propensity to import]MPm^ ifV
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Marginal propensity to save]MPS^ xWV
l[@itJxWC`NAwqA MPC MPS 1C
Margina revenue]MR^ q
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Marginal revenue product]of an input^A] MRP^ ]@J^q~
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Marginal tax rate |v
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Marginal utility]MU^
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Market
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Market economy g
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Market equilibrium
Pv ]Competitive equilibrium^
Market failure F
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Market power vO
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Market share B
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Markup pricing [ws
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Marxism JDq
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Mean
pNyAPuv]average^NqPCpG lB3B6A10B20o5rO8C
Median
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Mercantilism Dq

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Merchandise trade balance ~TlB
TlB]trade balance^
Merger
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Microeconomics g
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Minimum cost C
C]costAminimum^C
Mixed economy VXg
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Model
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Moderate inflation Mqf
qf]inflation^C
Momentary run
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Monetarism fDq
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Monetary base f
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Monetary economy fg
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Monetary policy fF
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Monetary rule fWh
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Monetary transmission mechanism f
b`gAfXBN~BMqf~|C
Monetary union fp
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Money f
IqCCfcAf]money supply^C
Money demand schedule fD
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Money funds f
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Money market f
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Money supply f
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Moneysupply effect f
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Moneysupply multiplier f
f]s^WPWvC@Afkwv
MoneyAvelocity of fgv
fgv]velocity of money^C
Monopolistic competition b_v
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Monopoly b_
@cAbAY~W@atCMb_]natural monopoly^C
Monopsony Rb_
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Moral hazard DwMI
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MPC OVC
MPS xWVC
Multiplier
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Multiplier model

b`gJPMPX@zCjD}]autonomous expenditures^]
]Nash equilibrium^
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Mb_]Natural monopoly^
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b{Wh]Net-Present-Value Rule^
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iI]Nondiversifiable risk^
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Dv]Nonprice competition^
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`~]Normal goods^
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Nash equilibrium
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National debt a PF]government debt^PqC
National income and product accounting] NIPA^ JMb
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National savings rate xWv
xW]pHxWM@xW^HbC
Natural monopoly Mb_
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Near money ufv
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Negative income tax to|
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Neoclassical model of growth sjW
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Net domestic product]NDP^ bX
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Net economic wefare]NEW^ bgQ
@XAGDPYz]C
Net exports bXf
Xb@A~MAXfh~MAifC
Net foreign investment b~
@~bxWAWbX^C
Net investment b
`h~C
Net national product NNPb
GNPh~C
Net worth b
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New classical macroeconomics sj`g
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NNP b
Nominal GDP Wq`
Wq`]goss domestic productAnominal^
Nominal GNP Wq`
Wq`]gross national productAnominal)
Nomlnal]or money^ interest rate Wq]f^Qv
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Noncooperative equilibrium DX@
]Nash equilibrium^C
Nonrenewable resources is
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Normative vsD positive economics WdgPg
Wdg{uv]what ought to be^Ap@FP_A@F
Not in the labor force O
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NOW]Negotiable order of withdrawal^account iIROsb


@bCb]checking accounting ^C
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Okunzs law kh
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Oligopoly Y
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Open economy }g
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Openeconomy multiplier }g
b@}gA|XHJyVxW]yVifC]AFX}gU
Openmarket operations }~
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Opportunity cost |
g~u]next-best^]|^AiL~Cp
Ordinal utility
Dz@L]dimensionless^qkCiHHbAPB
Other things constant L]
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Outputs X
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Yb_]Oligopoly^
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RYb_]Oligopsony^
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|]Opportunity cost^
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uH~X]Optimal input combination^
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]Ordinal utility^
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