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BCSV
Steps 1 3 are part of the recording phase while the remaining steps
are in the summarizing phase.
Step 9 is an optional step in the accounting process.
Page 1 of 6
ACCT 1A&B
Assets
BCSV
Liabilities &
Equity
ACCT 1A&B
BCSV
A balanced trial balance does not necessarily mean that no errors have been
committed. The following errors cannot be detected by the trial balance:
1. No entry was made for a given transaction.
2. A journal entry was not posted to the general ledger.
3. A journal entry was posted twice.
4. Incorrect accounts were used to record a given transaction.
5. Incorrect amounts were recorded for a given transaction.
If the trial balance does not balance, the following are the common mistakes
or errors:
1. Error in addition or subtraction in the general ledger or error in addition in
the trial balance itself.
2. Error of transposition, which means that digits are incorrectly
interchanged. (Ex. P 170 is recorded as P 107)
3. Sliding error or transplacement error, which means error in placing
decimal point. (Ex. P 200 is recorded as P 20)
If the trial balance does not balance, the following procedures may be
followed to detect the error/s
1. Get the difference between the total debits and total credits.
2. A difference of 10, 100, 1,000 etc. would probably indicate a simple error
in addition either in the trial balance or the general ledger.
3. If the difference is divisible by two, the error would be in posting to the
wrong side.
4. If the difference is divisible by nine, the error would probably be an error
in transposition or error in transplacement.
Page 3 of 6
ACCT 1A&B
BCSV
~APPLICATION~
The Accounting Equation
1. B. Villaluz invested P 200,000 to start an auto repair business.
2. B. Villaluz bought repair equipment from Mismo Company on credit, P
100,000.
3. B. Villaluz bought shop supplies for cash, P 62,000.
4. Paid Mismo Company partially, P 60,000.
5. B. Villaluz received a bank loan for business use, P 100,000.
6. Customers paid cash for auto repairs services rendered, P 25,000.
7. Repair services rendered on account, P 50,000.
8. Paid a months rent, P 10,000.
9. B. Villaluz made partial collections from customers accounts, P 30,000.
10.B. Villaluz paid the salaries and wages of laborers, P 15,000.
11.Billed a customer, P 6,000 and received a partial payment of P 2,000.
12.Shop supplies purchased, P 15,000 and made a down payment of P 5,000.
13.Shop supplies bought for cash and used, P 18,000.
14.Cruz withdrew P 20,000 for his personal use.
Required: Indicate the effects of the above transactions on the accounting
equation shown below.
Assets
Cash
Accounts
receivable
Supplies
=
+
Equipment
Liabilities
Accounts
payable
+
Bank
loan
Owners Equity
Brian
Villaluz,
Capital
Revenues
Expenses
1
2
Balance
3
Balance
4
Balance
5
Balance
6
Balance
7
Balance
8
Balance
9
Balance
10
Balance
11
Balance
12
Balance
13
Balance
14
Balance
ACCT 1A&B
BCSV
Coleen Garcia, a lawyer decided to open a law firm named Garcia Law Firm. The
partial chart of accounts listed below will be used for recording purposes.
Chart of Accounts
Assets
A10
1
A10
2
A10
3
A10
4
A10
5
Cash
O50
1
O50
2
Income
Legal Fees Earned
Accounts Receivable
Prepaid Insurance
Office Supplies
Furniture and Equipment
Liabilities
L20
1
L20
2
I30
1
Expenses
E40
1
E40
2
E40
3
E40
4
Salary Expense
Advertising Expense
Utilities Expense
Miscellaneous Expense
Accounts Payable
Loan Payable
Owners Equity
Coleen Garcia, Capital
Coleen Garcia, Drawing
4
6
8
1
1
1
4
1
6
1
8
2
ACCT 1A&B
0
2
2
2
4
2
5
2
6
2
7
2
8
2
9
3
0
BCSV
Required:
a. Journalize the above transactions in the general journal.
b. Post each journal entry to the general ledger.
c. Prepare a trial balance at December 31 of the current year.
Page 6 of 6